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Transcript of The Inanimate Creation
8/11/2019 The Inanimate Creation
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The Inanimate Creation
&
Science Research
3½ out of 6 creation days:
• Day 1 – light• Day 2 – air
• Day 3 – land – tectonics, ig/met
• Day 4 – heavens
Flood
• Plate tectonics
• Sedimentary rocks
• Igneous/Metamorphic
Animation
Plate tectonicsGeneral features#13-14
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Research on the Inanimate Creation
Short chronology
– lack of models – horizontal, vertical, time
–preferred anyway – theodicy
Research
–guidelines
–examples – California, Peru
Conclusions
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1) Horizontal (next talk)
– plate tectonics
2) Vertical (Colombia) – geologic column
3) Time (ideas)
– radiometric dates
No working scientific creation/flood model for:
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2) Vertical –
earth differentiation
Formation of
Core, mantle, crust
Continents, ocean basins
Mountains, plains
Elements for mining, fertile ground
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Geologic column
Thailand – sutured blocks, oil/gas/minerals (complete section)
India – shield, sediments, basalts, Himalayas (complete section)
North Dakota – Williston basin oil (complete section)
Colorado – Rocky Mountains (almost complete section)
Colombia !!!
New Mexico – Rocky Mountains (much of column)
Peru – Andes (much of column) California – Cordillera (much of column)
Canada – Banff (Pz sediments, Mz tectonics)
Italy – Alps (Mz, Cz mainly) Israel – plate boundaries (Precambrian, Mz, Cz)
Virginia – Appalachians (Pz mostly)
Kenya, South Africa – shield, Karoo, Rift Valley (parts of column)
Puerto Rico – Caribbean plate (Mz, Cz mainly)
Philippines – volcanism (Cz)
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Israel
4. Cenozoic – post Flood ??– vertebrates, hominids
– salt, lake deposits
– Dead Sea fault, earthquakes, volcanics
3. Mesozoic (&Ceno) – late Flood ??– reefs, chalk, dinos, trees, ammonites
– asphalt, cycles
– limestone – quarries, caves
2. Paleozoic (&Meso) – early Flood ??– limestone, gypsum, magmatism
– Nubian ss, Petra
– Tethys Sea … basal congl, trilobites
1. Precambrian – pre-creation/Flood ??– metamorphics, granitoids … copper
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Geology of Colombia
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one suggested model
Cenozoic
post flood ??
Mesozoiclate flood ??
Paleozoic
early flood ??
Precambrian
pre-flood ??
Ordonez-Carmona, Alvarez, and Pimentel, 2006. (Modified fro
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Precambrian …pre-flood ??
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Caño Cristales, Serrania de la Macarena, Meta
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Paleozoic (Permian) … middle flood ??
salt – Zipaquira mines
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Mesozoic (Triassic) … middle flood ??
Payande Formation
limestones
ammonites
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Mesozoic (Jurassic) … late flood ??
red sandstones, La Quinta Formation
volcanoclastic, Giron Fm
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Cretaceous … late flood ??
Kronosaurus fossil displayedwhere found in 1977
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Sierra Nevada del Cocuy, Boyacá
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Eastern Cordillera
Ammonites… in Villa de Leyva, Boyaca
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Cañon del Rio Chicamocha,Santander
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Western Cordillera … Cauca state
volcanic rocks (diabase)Barroso Complex
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Cenozoic (Paleocene) … post-flood ??
La Guajira
fossils from Cerrejon coalmine like modernrainforest plants
Titanoboa
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Oil
•Río Magdalena entre Honda y el Banco
•Valle del Catatumbo y Zulia
•Llanura del Caribe y Bajo Magdalena• Alto Magdalena
•Putumayo
•Llanos Orientales
•Litoral del Atlántico, valles del Sinú y San Jorge
•Litoral del Pacífico
Economic
deposits
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Coal mine, Cerrejon-Guajira
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Gold
mined before Spanish Conquest
in veins & sands of some rivers
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Emeralds - best in the world for color, brightness- Cretaceous- in limestones affected by hydrothermal fluids
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Tectonic Setting
Cediel, Shaw and Caceres, 2003)
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porphyry copper deposits by age
red stars = 0-10 Mablue stars = 11-20 Ma
black triangles = modern volcanoes
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Volcanoes
Volcano Cumbal,Narino
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Volcano Nevado del Ruiz
lahars covered town of Armero
more than 20,000 people diedNovember 13, 1985
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Volcano Nevado del Huila … 5365 m
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3) Time – Radiometric Dating
Age from – decay rate,# parent atoms, # daughter atoms
Concordance between methods
1. ORGANIC – dates life directly– Materials: bones, wood, shells, …
– Ages: generally less than 50,000 years
– Isotope: carbon-14 (14
C→14
N)2. INORGANIC – dates fossils only by association
– Materials: minerals, rocks
– Ages: millions, billions of years
– Isotopes: U,Th→Pb, K→Ar, Rb→Sr, …
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They don’t really answer the question
a) Radiometric data – invalidated by discordanceb) Geochemistry – alternative explanations
c) Geology – evidence of rapid activity
d) Physics – relative time
e) Physical constants – changef) Philosophy – problems with extrapolation
g) Models – old earth / young life
h) Supernatural – unexpected effects on nature
Suggested creationist ideas,
but …
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a) Discordance
… the Rb-Sr method. Ideally, all mineralsof an igneous rock should indicate the
same date which can then be regardedas the age of the rock. When mineraldates obtained from one rock specimenor from a suite of cogenetic igneousrocks are in agreement, they are said tobe “concordant.” Unfortunately, “discordance” of mineral dates is morecommon than “concordance.” -- Gunter Faure. Principles of Isotope Geology , 2nd ed. (1986), p.120
Mt. Rangitoto, NZ Carbon-14 -- ~1000 yrs
K-Ar -- ~100,000 yrs
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b) Geochemistry
Inherited age for hightemperature minerals withunmelted crystals
Contamination from wall rock
Retention of the argon noble gasdaughter isotope in the mineraldue to hydrostatic pressure [K-Ar method]
Mixing from two sources … withstraight lines giving pseudo-isochrons [especially the Rb-Sr
method] Age due to fractionation/zonation
in magma chamber
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c) Geological
(rapid activity, so dating can‟t be right)
Rapid Activity
– Paraconformities~100 m.y. missing at anapparently flat contact
– Catastrophes, rapidburial
Short Time– Carbon-14 in coal,
dinosaur soft tissue
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d) Physics – Relative time
Rate of time flow non-uniformbetween time-frames due todifferences in
Speed– Special relativity – e.g., decay
rates change Gravitational fields
– General relativity – e.g., blackholes, wormholes
[Refs: Daniel 9; DA 356]
Relativistic effects have beensuggested to solvediscrepancy between science
and Genesis
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Relativity – Einstein‟s definition:
“When a man sits witha pretty girl for anhour, it seems like aminute. But let him sit
on a hot stove for aminute and it’s longerthan any hour. That’srelativity.”
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e) Change in physical constants
– Change in decay rate► Change in speed of light►
– Polonium pleochroic haloes►
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f) Philosophical
a) Danger of extrapolation E.g., child’s growth►
Karen's growth
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Karen's growth
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f) con‟t … Philosophical
b) Hope for scientific revolution Lord Kelvin estimated age of earth in
1800s, with no knowledge of radioactivity
Estimates changed by 2 orders of
magnitude after discovery of radioactivityc) 1000x as many studying rocks in
standard paradigm
d) Have found answers for someproblems in past, e.g., Yellowstonefossil forests
e) Time a “god-of-the-gaps” for
evolution?
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g) Intermediate models (between extremes)
Entire universe young
Soft/passive gap – old earth / young life
– universe old, solar system/earth old, life not
exactly 6000 yrs Extended flood model – 1-year, worldwide
flood … BUT
– only part of geology deposited then, somewhat
extended time
Progressive creation, theistic evolution
Universe totally naturalistic
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h) Supernatural
Believe Scripture, forget the data – “God has a 1000 ways …”
A miracle different conditions during creation/flood
so can’t develop scientific model Time different for the Creator
Everlasting (Ps 90:2; Ps 102:27)
Known from beginning to end (Is 46:9,10)
Not necessarily same as for humans (Ps 90:4; 2 Pet 3:8)
Intervention results in strange effects on time perception Appearance of age at end of creation week
OT – Joshua’s long day; Hezekiah’s sundial
NT – water to wine; loaves/fishes multiplied
E.g., Shroud of Turin►
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Why I prefer a short-age modelget the bad stuff over as quick as possible
Seventh-day Adventist
short past / short future
recent entrance of evil
quick restoration to good
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teachings about originsas nicely confirmed by science
as teachings about healthe.g, tobacco, diet, etc., …
but unlikely to easily happen becauseorigins has to do with 1-time events,
rather than on-going processes
Church‟s wish:
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Research on the Inanimate Creation
Short chronology
– lack of models – horizontal, vertical, time
–preferred anyway – theodicy
Research
–guidelines
–examples – California, Peru
Conclusions
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Guidelines:
what not to do
DON’T
Get lost in details – there are bigger questions
Be impatient – 400 years for Galileo
Blame scientists – not more evil than anyone else
Blame God – He’s not the source of evil
Give up on creation – even if “scientifically refuted” – signs were not Jesus’ primary approach
Expect scientific model for God’s 1-time intervention– belief not based on science
Be too quick to judge scientist friends
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Guidelines:
The „Andrews University Way‟
of Doing Archaeology
1. Be forthright with findings. Do not minimize problems or stretchinterpretations of data to explain things away.
2. Do not make claims beyond what the data can support.3. Be quick and complete in publishing results.
4. Engage and work within mainstream scholarship.
5. Include a diversity of people and specialists.
6. Take the history of the Bible seriously, but do not place upon
archaeology the burden of “proving” the Bible.
“Integrating Faith, the Bible, and Archaeology: A Review of the „Andrews University Way‟ of Doing Archaeology”
Randall W. Younker
IN: The Future of Biblical Archaeology: Reassessing Methodologies and Assumptions,
James K. Hoffmeier and Alan Millard, eds. (Eerdmans, 2004), p.43-52.
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Work within scientific community
Pick a big issue, not just some detail
Work toward a model, not just an attack Use care with resulting claims
No purely naturalistic model (1-time events)
Guidelines:
suggested approach
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Research Examples:
Granites and Plate Tectonics:California and Peru
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California –
~287 composite samples taken on a grid
32.5
33.0
33.5
34.0
-118.0 -117.5 -117.0 -116.5 -116.0
SAN BERNARDINO
PALM SPRINGS
SAN DIEGO
San Jacinto
block
Perris block
Santa Ana block
Elsinore faultsuture zone
shear zone
San Jacinto fault
San Andreas fault
Agua Caliente fault
PACIFIC
OCEAN(Baird et al. 1984)
Los Angeles
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Peru –
Mesozoic Coastal Batholith
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1) Formation of matter (nuclear physics)– source of earth’s elements
2) Geologic sequence (vertical)
– especially granites3) Plate tectonics (horizontal)
– initiation, rates
4) Cooling rates– batholiths, ocean floor
5) Radiometric dating (time)
– discordance, geochem, old earth, rate change
Research Plans (2013)
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1) Element formation
supernova
star
fission bombfusion bomb
binding energy curve
2) “G it f ti
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2) “Granite formation:
catastrophic in its suddenness”
-- Tas Walker, Journal of Creation, Aug 2007
Model for the origin of granite
a) Partial melting of source rock in lower crust
b) Separation of magma from solid residue
c) Transport of magma in dykes to upper crust
d) Emplacement of magma in tabular pluton
e) Crystallization of pluton
f) Cooling of pluton
http://creation.com/granite-formation-catastrophic-in-its-suddenness
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granite
emplacement
igneous rocks
intruded into
metamorphosedsediments
Sun City, California
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3) rates – plate tectonics
large data base … episodic/rapid ??
Mt San Jacinto
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Mt. San Jacinto4) cooling – computer modeling
Mt San Jacinto, Palm Springs, California
Luciano Gonzalez, Montemorelos
5) mixing line rather than isochron
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5) mixing line rather than isochron
could claim an answer, but know better than that
0.703
0.704
0.705
0.706
0.707
0.708
0.709
0.710
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5
87
Rb/86
Sr
8 7 S r / 8 6 S
r
125±4 Ma
~ 114±8 Ma
168±23 Ma ?
granodiorite
tonalite
gabbro
mixing
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Rio Ica
Rio Pisco
mixing line
mixing
Peru
Ana Martinez
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Ana Martinez
Coastal Batholith, Peru
thin section evidence for mixing
10715B @ Linga (Rio Pisco)
– uralitization
10715F @ Tiabaya (Rio Pisco)
– reverse zoning
10720V @ Tiabaya (Rio Ica)
– reverse zoning
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Why magma mixing doesn‟t solve the problem
U-Pb dates are in zircon mineral, notwhole rock
K-Ar dates based on loss of Ar noble gas
Independent dates agree Get a sequence of dates
No better mixing model available
Plate tectonics, batholith cooling, biogenicactivity still require time
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Research on the Inanimate Creation
Short chronology
– lack of models – horizontal, vertical, time
–preferred anyway – theodicy
Research
–guidelines
–examples – California, Peru
Conclusions (4)
C l i #1
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Conclusion #1
NEGATIVE = attack – perhaps true, needed
… but destructive, unsatisfying
people – how can they believe that way?
models – evolution problems
philosophical – 1000x, historical science
POSITIVE = develop better models & test
… constructive, more satisfying science models [when God works by process]
theology models [when God works by fiat]
intermediate models (e.g., old earth, young
life)
C l i #2
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Conclusion #2
– God works by process & fiat
time not an issue for God(DA367, 606)
Process Fiat
Genesis 2 Genesis 1
Life grows Life created
Military conquest Walls fell, sun stood still
Everyday growth Water to wine,
multiply loaves/fishes
Physicians today Miraculous healings
can study harder to study
inanimate ?? animate ??
C l i #3 ibl h
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Conclusion #3 – a possible approach
Revelation & church– respect– limited … due to the human element – reinterpret … based on physical evidence
Nature & science
– respect– limited … physics, biology, geology – reinterpret … creation/flood research
Relating science/religion … but not too tightly
– 1st revelation … 2nd science … 3rd coherence– THUS: less worry – God has a thousand ways
(DA330) …
People – why it even makes a difference
C l i #4
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As a scientist, I may appear to bow to the “god of science” as Naaman bowed withhis master in a Syrian temple, but asNaaman told Elisha: Your servant will not
offer burnt offering or sacrifice to any godbut the Lord” (2 Kings 5:17, RSV).
Job’s wife – saw problems, refused to believe
Job’s friends – believed, refused to see problems
Job – saw problems, but still believed (13:15)
Conclusion #4
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Research on the Inanimate Creation
Short chronology
– lack of models – horizontal, vertical, time
–preferred anyway – theodicy
Research
–guidelines
–examples – California, Peru
Conclusions