THE IMPLEMENTATION OF COOPERATIVE THE IMPLEMENTATION OF COOPERATIVE LEARNING BY GIVING INITIAL KNOWLEDGE IN LEARNING BY GIVING INITIAL KNOWLEDGE IN

COLLLOID SYSTEMCOLLLOID SYSTEM

BYBY

SUSILO SUDARMANSUSILO SUDARMAN

81261410178126141017DEPARTMENT CHEMISTRYDEPARTMENT CHEMISTRY

STATE UNIVERSITYOF MEDANSTATE UNIVERSITYOF MEDAN

20132013

PROBLEM OF THE STUDYPROBLEM OF THE STUDY

Based on the background above problems can Based on the background above problems can be identified the following issues :be identified the following issues :1.1.Student learning outcomes in chemistry is still a Student learning outcomes in chemistry is still a lowlow2.2.Initial knowledge of student is lowInitial knowledge of student is low3.3.Student centered learning model is less optimalStudent centered learning model is less optimal

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THE SCOPE OF THE THE SCOPE OF THE STUDYSTUDY

As for the limitation problem in this research is As for the limitation problem in this research is

the implementation of cooperative learning by giving initial the implementation of cooperative learning by giving initial

knowledge in colloid System in class XI SMA NEGERI 3 BINJAI knowledge in colloid System in class XI SMA NEGERI 3 BINJAI

academic year 2010/2011academic year 2010/2011

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PROBLEM FORMULATIONPROBLEM FORMULATION

In the study the formulation of the problem isIn the study the formulation of the problem is Does the implementation of cooperative learning

model by giving initial knowledge the subject of

colloid system better than the implementation of

cooperative learning model without giving initial

knowledge ?

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RESEARCH OBJECTIVESRESEARCH OBJECTIVES

1.1. To know student learning outcomes in To know student learning outcomes in

chemistry through cooperative learning by chemistry through cooperative learning by

giving initial knowledge in colloid systemgiving initial knowledge in colloid system

2.2. To know the difference student learning To know the difference student learning

outcomes in chemistry through cooperative outcomes in chemistry through cooperative

learning by giving initial knowledge in colloid learning by giving initial knowledge in colloid

system.system. BackBack NextNext

THE SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY THE SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

1. As an alternative learning model for teachers

to choose the model of learning chemistry

2. For student to be more critical in every 2. For student to be more critical in every

cooperative learning by initial knowledgecooperative learning by initial knowledge

3. For information on cooperative material for 3. For information on cooperative material for

advanced researchers who will conduct advanced researchers who will conduct

research in the same issue.research in the same issue.

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THEORETICAL FRAMEWORKTHEORETICAL FRAMEWORK1. Learning is an active process of knowledge

construction in which learners build on initial knowledge and experience to shape meaning and construct new knowledge (Walker & Lambert, 1995).

2. The learning outcomes is a change in behavior that happens to individuals as a result of his experience.

3. Initial knowledge is a collection of information obtained from the knowledge and experience of someone in his life and brings with linking of

information on a new learning experience to learn certain things that are new to the aforementioned person.

4. Cooperative learning is an approach to teaching that makes maximum use of cooperatives activities

involving pairs and small group of learners in the classroom.

5. Colloid system is The compound between homogeneous and heterogeneous solution.

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CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

Two major components in the learning of teachers and students

interact with each other. Therefore, strategies to teacher by giving initial

knowledge through cooperative model of the material that will be discussed in

a very important lesson. For those students already can imagine the content

will learned, so that it will stimulate interest and arouse curiosity in the students

themselves. Then the teacher also needs to do recitation form of duties related

has been given to material. The teacher evaluates of students in the form of

holding exam. It can be ascertained that these students will be able to answer

is good.

RESEARCH HYPOTHESISRESEARCH HYPOTHESISNOL HYPOTHESIS (HNOL HYPOTHESIS (H00))The student learning outcomes chemistry taught the implementation of cooperative learning by giving initial knowledge in colloid system no better or equal to the student learning outcomes

ALTERNATIF HYPOTHESIS (HALTERNATIF HYPOTHESIS (Haa))The student learning outcomes chemistry taught the implementation of cooperative learning by giving initial knowledge better than without by giving initial knowledge in colloid system.

21 µµ =

21 µµ ≠BackBack NextNext

LOCATION AND TIME RESEARCH

Research Location

Location the study in SMAN 3 Binjai

Research Time

The experiment May – June 2011

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Population ResearchThe population in this study are all class XI SMA Negeri or SMA Swasta the 2nd semester of the school year 2010/2011. The Samples taken SMA Negeri 3 Binjai, which consists of 2 classes and each class consists of over 43 students

Research SampleThe sampling technique in this study

is the sampling purposif . In order to obtain a homogeneous class only two students from class XI SMA Negeri 3 Binjai in class XI 1 as a control class, in class XI 2 experiments class.

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Population And Sample

The independent variables

The Control variables

Bound Variables

The giving initial knowledge on

cooperative learning in the

experimental class (X1)

Not given initial knowledge of

cooperative learning

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RESEARCH VARIABLES

This experiment student learning

outcomes in colloid system.

Research Instrument

Data collection tool was used to study the results of chemical

tests on sub-topics, in the form of multiple-choice test

consisting of 20 items with 5 options. One option is the

answer key while 4 other option is a distractor

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Data Collection Tool

Validity Test

Reliability

Difficulty Index

Discrimination

Index

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Cooperative learning groups by giving initial knowledge.

Pre-Test Post

Test

RESEARCH PROSEDURE

Cooperative Learning By Giving Initial Knowledge

Cooperative learning groups without by giving initial knowledge

The student learning

outcomes

Pre-Test

Cooperative Learning Without by Giving Initial Knowledge

Post Test

The student learning

outcomes

Data Collection Techniques

1. Conducting Observations

2. Test Method

Data Analysis Techniques

Normality Test

Homogeneity Test

Hypothesis Test

Data Analysis and Findings The Description of Data

a. The validity Test

Based on the calculation of validity test obtained of 25 valid questions and 5 questions invalid from 30 questions test. So the instrument test of learning outcomes is 20 valid question.

b. The Reliability Test

Based on the calculation of reliability test obtained r11 = 0,86, rtable = 0.312, because rcalculated > rtable it is means the reliability test is reliable

c. The Difficulty Index

Based on the calculation Of difficulty index test obtained of 4 difficult questions, 22 medium questions and 4 easy questions

d. The Discrimination IndexBased on the calculation of discrimination index test obtained of

12 questions is good, 10 questions is enough and 8 question is bad

The Scores of Pre Test and Post Test Mean for Experiment Class

Control Class

The Normality Test

The scores of homogeneity test

The Scores of Hypothesis Test

Based on the calculation of t-test (see appendix 21), tcalculated 3,46 and ttable 2,57. It means that the tcalculated is higher than ttable (tcal = 3,46 < ttable = 2,57). Therefore, it can be concluded that the null hypothesis (Ho) is rejected and the alternative hypothesis (Ha) is accepted.

It is mean that learning outcomes the implementation of cooperative learning model by giving initial knowledge better than without by giving initial knowledge the subject of colloid systems.

Discussion

Based on the data analysis of the research instrument

initial to classes of samples obtained that the average

results of experiment class = 78.0 ± 6.64 and after

being given the implementation of cooperative learning

by giving initial knowledge = 87 ± 4.97.

While for control class the average results = 64.3 ± 8.78

and after being cooperative learning without by giving

initial knowledge 82 ± 6.18.

Based on the calculation the hypothesis test of the obtained tcalculated > ttable = 3.465 > 2.571, so Ha is accepted, it is means there are the difference of learning outcomes between the implementation of cooperative learning by giving initial knowledge with the implementation of cooperative learning without by giving initial knowledge the subject of colloid system At the time of the implementation of cooperative

learning to work of together that involves students complete the task. The experimental class of each group in construct knowledge by linking the information or initial knowledge that has been a new learning experience to much learning for students. So that students who already have initial knowledge will make it easier to follow the next lesson.

There are some constraints that occur in carrying out this research are: a) a lack of time given by school to carry out research, b) a class that is less conducive atmosphere when sitting divide the group so much time, c) The class room which is not comparable with the number of number of students in the classroom, so that teaching and learning process was not optimal as expected.

Through the implementation of cooperative learning by giving initial knowledge in colloid system not only improves the results of students studying chemistry, but to work together and build a social sense to the students.

Conclusion

Based on the data analysis which are presented in the previous chapter, the conclusions are drawn as the following:

1. The finding shows that the implementation of cooperative learning by giving initial knowledge is higher that the implementation of cooperative learning without by giving initial knowledge.

2. The finding shows that the value of giving initial knowledge is 87 higher than without by giving initial knowledge.

Suggestions

Having considered the finding of this research, the suggestion is:

1. The Teachers should as apply of cooperative learning by giving initial knowledge to students as one of alternative teaching to teach Colloid Systems.

2. Next research is necessary for research relevant to the different subjects that as concrete steps to improve the quality of education, especially study of chemistry

THANK YOU……