Laszlo Zsolnai

The Hungarian Spirit

2016

The Hungarian Spirit

2016

Sandor Korosi Csoma (1784-1842)

Explorer and scholar,the Father of Tibetan andBuddhist Studies.

Explorer and scholar,the Father of Tibetan andBuddhist Studies.

Walked from Hungary toTibet and produced thefirst Tibetan dictionary andgrammar and became aBuddhist Saint.

Mihály Vörösmarthy (1800-1855)

Poet, the Founder ofHungarian poetryPoet, the Founder ofHungarian poetry

Envisioned the destructionof the Earth by Man.

János Bolyai (1802-1860)Mathematician,invented the non-Euclidean geometry.

Ignác Semmelweis (1818-1865)Physician,"The Mothers' Savior"

Developed pioneeringantiseptic procedures.

Imre Madách (1823-1864)Writer, the author ofThe Tragedy of Man

The play deals with thecreation and fall ofMan, and the devil'srole in it.

Vilmos Zsolnay (1828-1900)

Industrialist andentrepreneur

Introduced new materialsand inventions into themanufacture of potteryand ceramics.

Ödön Lechner (1845-1914)Architect,his work is on theWorld Heritage List

Architect,his work is on theWorld Heritage List

Tivadar Csontváry (1853-1919)

Painter, created"world paintings"including Taormina,Baalbek, and Cedars ofLebanon.,

Painter, created"world paintings"including Taormina,Baalbek, and Cedars ofLebanon.,

Sir Aurel Stein (1862 – 1943)

Archaeologist,worked inCentral Asia

With Britishsponsorshiprediscovered theSilk Road.

Géza Maróti (1875-1941)Architect, sculptor,and urban designer.

Worked on thereconstruction ofAtlantis.

Endre Ady (1877-1919))Poet, revolutionizedthe Hungarianculture.

"I sat shores ofBabylon, and thatof the Worry"

Béla Bartók (1881-1945)Composer, andethnomusicologist

His Cantata Profanashows the accordanceof dignity and rightnessto a natural as opposedto a civilized state.

József Galamb (1881-1955)

Mechanical engineer

Chief designer of theFord Motor Company,developed the famousModel T.

Zoltán Kodály (1882-1967)Composer, educator,ethnomusicologist

Developed aninnovative methodin music educationfor children.

Károly Kós (1883-1977)Architect andwriter

Initiator of theorganic architecturemovement

József Egry (1883-1951)

Painter, who created aspiritual cosmology ofthe Lake Balaton.

Lajos Fülep (1885-1970)Philosopherand art critic

Defined art asmaterialization of the

spirit of culture.

Karl Polanyi (1886-1964)Economicanthropologist,professor at ColumbiaUniversity

Studied economics insubstantive terms, andsuggested re-embedingthe economy in society.

Michael Polanyi (1891-1976)Scientist andphilosopher,member of Royal Society

Introduced the conceptof personal knowledgeand underlined theimportance of tacitknowing.

András Pető (1893-1967)Physician andneuropsychologist,founder of conductivepedagogy fordevelopinghandicapped children

Physician andneuropsychologist,founder of conductivepedagogy fordevelopinghandicapped children

Karl Mannheim (1893-1946)Social scientistat the LondonSchool of Economics

Founder of sociologyof knowledge

Lipot Szondi (1893-1986)Psychiatrist,founder of theSzondi Institute inZurich

Psychiatrist,founder of theSzondi Institute inZurich

Author ofSchicksalsanalyse("Fate analysis")

Albert Szent-Györgyi (1893-1986)

Nobel-prize winningbiologist

First to isolateVitamin C

Andre Kertesz (1894-1985)Photographerin New York and Paris

Groundbreakingcontributions tophotographiccomposition and thephoto essay

Imre Nagy (1896-1958)Politician,prime minister ofHungary

Leader of theanti-communistrevolution in 1956

Béla Hamvas (1897-1968)Philosopher andwriter

Created a synthesis ofthe ancient wisdom ofhumankind based onthe Vedanta.

Leo Szilard (1898-1964)

Physicist andinventor

Conceived the nuclearchain reaction andoriginated theManhattan Project

Charles de Tolnay (1899-1981)

Art historian,director of theMichelangeloHouse in Florence

Art historian,director of theMichelangeloHouse in Florence

Dennis Gabor (1900-1979)Nobel prize winningphysicist,professor at ImperialCollege London

Inventor ofholography

Nobel prize winningphysicist,professor at ImperialCollege London

Sándor Márai (1900-1989)Writer,lived in Italy andCalifornia

His novels include"Portraits of aMarriage" and"Embers"

Zoltán Bay (1900-1992)Physicist and engineerwho developedmicrowave technology

First to use radar totake measurementsof the moon

Marcel Breuer (1902 – 1981)Architect anddesigner

Major works includeUNESCOheadquarters andthe Wassily Chair

Lajos Szabó (1902-1967)Philosopher and

calligraphist

Axiology,Theo-centric logic

Eugene Wigner (1902- 1995)Nobel Prize winningphysicist at PrincetonUniversity

Discoveringsymmetries inquantum mechanics

John von Neumann (1903-1957)

Mathematicianat PrincetonUniversity

Creator of thecomputer andfounder of GameTheory

Arthur Koestler (1905-1983)Writer andphilosopher

Author of Darknessat Noon and creatorof Theory of Holons

Attila József (1905-1937)Poet,

existential poetry

"My heart sits on the twigof nothing"

Victor Vasarely (1906-1997)

Visual artist,founder of op-art

György Kepes (1906 – 2001)Visual artist

Founder of Centerfor Advanced VisualStudies at MIT

Hans Selye (1907-1982)Biologist,endocrinologist

First to demonstratethe existence of

biological stress

Lajos Vajda (1908-1941)Painter, initiator ofmagic surrealism

Nicholas Kaldor (1908 – 1986)Economist,professor at CambridgeUniversity

Developed the famous"compensation"criteria for welfarecomparisons.

Edward Teller (1908-2003)Nuclear physicist,professor atUC Berkeley

One of the fathers ofthe hydrogen bomband the initiator of"Star Wars"

Tibor Scitovsky (1910-2002)Economist,professor atStanford Universisty

Examined humanwell-being from abroad viewpoint.

Robert Capa (1913-1954)

Combatphotographerand photojournalist

Covered wars includingthe Spanish Civil War,World War II, the 1948Arab-Israeli War.

Paul Erdos (1913-1996)

Wolf Prize winningmathematician

Major discoveries innumber theory,combinatorics andgraph theory.

Sandor Weores (1913-1989)

Poet and author

Poetry of the InnerPath, renewal ofchildren's poetry..

Győző Határ (1914-2006)

Writer, philosopherand book designer

Main works includePepito and Pepitaand Golgheloghi.

John Harsanyi (1920-2000)

Nobel prize winningeconomist, professorat UC Berkeley

Major contributionto the theory of non-cooperative games.

Thomas Szasz (1920-2012)Psychiatrist,professor at theState University ofNew York

Psychiatrist,professor at theState University ofNew York

Father ofanti-psychiatry

Miklós Jancsó (1921-)Film directorand screenwriter

His world famousmovies includeThe Round Up(Szegénylegények)

Imre Lakatos (1922-1974)Philosopher of science,professor atLondon School ofEconomics

The fallibility ofmathematics and themethodology ofscientific researchprograms.

László Nagy (1925-1978)

Poet and translator

Genuine ethical poetry

Gyorgy Kurtag (1926-)Composer,pioneer ofcontemporarymusic

Main works includeThe Sayings of PeterBornemisza, Kafka-Fragmente and ColindăBaladă

János Kornai (1928-)Economist,professor atHarvard University

Developednon-Walrasianeconomics

Ferenc Juhasz (1928-)Poet and GoldenWreath laureate

Created poetryof the Universe

Imre Kertesz (1929)Author of thenovel „Fatelessness”

Nobel prize inLiterature

Bela Kondor (1931-1972)

Painter and graphicartist

Createdmythologicalsymbolismin visual arts

Zoltan Latinovits (1931-1976)

Actor and writer,cultic figure ofrevolt against thesystem

Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi (1934-) )Psychologist,professor at theUniversity ofChicago

Discovered the flowexperience,co-founder of positivepsychology

Psychologist,professor at theUniversity ofChicago

Gabor Karatson (1935 -2015)Created an ecologicalsythesis of Chinese Taoand Jacob Boehme’sChiristian mysticism

Painter, writer andphilosopher

Peter Nadas (1942-)Writer, playwright,and essayist

Author of A Bookof Memories andParallel Stories

György Petri (1943-2000)

Political dissidentunder the Sovietregime

Political dissidentunder the Sovietregime

Deep philosophicalpoetry

Erno Rubik (1944-)Inventor of theworld most admiredmechanical puzzle,the Rubik's Cube

Inventor of theworld most admiredmechanical puzzle,the Rubik's Cube

Bela Tarr (1955-)

Film director

His aclaimed moviesinclude Sátántangóand The Turin Horse

The Hungarian Legacy

• existential questioning• contrarian thinking• ingenious creativity

• existential questioning• contrarian thinking• ingenious creativity