The Human Heart

The heart is considered a “myocardial” muscle

It is both a muscle and an organ

It is a muscle because it has contractions in it’s operations

It is an organ because it has a “function” in the human body

The human heart has over 20 parts to it The human heart has it’s own “battery Pack” The human heart has two different

compressions The human heart is divided into two sections The human heart has 4 chambers

04/15/23 Archana Das2

Heart tissue contracts because of it’s “nodes”(battery type)

Heart tissue never rests The human heart can have over 250

contractions(beats)per minute The human heart at rest can have as

few as 45 contractions/beats per minute

The human heart does not reach tetnae because of lactic acid build up


The heart has 4 chambers The inferior chambers of the heart

pump blood out of the organ The superior chambers brings blood

into the heart Valves allow blood to flow from one

chamber to the next


Deoxygenated blood comes to the heart though two large veins called the Inferior and Superior Vena Cava’s

The Inferior Vena Cava returns blood to the heart from the inferior part of the human body

The Superior Vena Cava returns blood to the heart from the thorasic cavity and superior to that area of the body


The Right Atrium is the smallest chamber of the human heart

It is a storage area for blood to be held until it is pumped into the Right Ventricle

The valve between the Right Atrium and the Right Ventricle is the Atrioventricular Valve


The Right Ventricle is larger than the Right Atrium

The Right Ventricle pumps blood into the Pulmonary Arteries that go to the lungs

The valve between the Right Ventricle and the Pulmonary Arteries is the Semilunar Valve


The Pulmonary Arteries deliver blood to the Right and Left Lungs

The Arteries become smaller Arterioles

The Arterioles slowly become smaller Arterial Capillaries


Waste gases (carbon dioxide/Lactic Acid)are delivered in blood from the Pulmonary Arteries

Osmosis is the process of gases moving from levels of high pressure to areas having lower pressure

Osmosis takes place in the Alveolis of the Lungs

Humans inhale gas that is mostly Oxygen Humans exhale gas that is mostly Carbon

Dioxide (sometimes it has Lactic Acid in it also if you are exercising)


Gases change places in the Alveolis because the pressure is greater in the opposing areas

Capillaries are microscopic blood vessels carrying only one red blood cell at a time

Capillary walls are very thin Because of the thin capillary walls, gas

can go through them to the other side


Carbon Dioxide exchanges places with Oxygen within the lung’s alveoli

Humans then exhale the waste gases of Carbon Dioxide and Lactic Acid

Oxygen is taken into the microscopic capillaries back to larger venules and then to the Pulmonary Veins


These veins are the only place in the Human Body where oxygenated blood travels.

All other veins in the Human Body carry only deoxygenated blood

Pulmonary Veins lead the newly oxygenated blood back to the Left Atrium


The Left Atrium is larger than the Right Atrium

The Left Atrium contracts to move oxygenated blood to the Left Ventricle

The valve blood leaves through to the Left Ventricle is the Mitrol Valve


The Left Ventricle is the largest, strongest, thickest Chamber in the Human Heart

The Left Ventricle contracts with greater force than any of the other Chambers

The Left Ventricle contracts strong enough to create “Blood Pressure” thoughout all of the bodies Arteries

Blood leaves the Heart though the Aortic Valve into the Aortea


The Aorta is the largest, strongest Artery in the Human Body

There are three parts to the Human AortaThe Ascending Aorta, The Aortic Arch, and

the Descending AortaIn the Aortic Arch, Three Arteries branch off1 The Right Subclavian or Brachial Artery2 The Common Carotid Artery3 The Left Subclavian, or Brachial Artery


The Carotid Arteries deliver oxygenated blood to the Brain on both sides of the neck (Left and Right Carotid Arteries)

The two Carotid Arteries branch off of the Common Carotid Artery

Blood returning to the Superior Vena Cava come from the Jugular Veins (left and right)


The Right and Left Brachial Arteries deliver oxygenated blood to both upper arms

From the Brachial Arteries come the Radial Arteries


The Descending Aorta delivers oxygenated blood to the inferior parts of the body


The Human Heart has two Nodes that aid in the contractions of the Chambers

The Sinoarterial Node is found in the superior section of the Right Atrium

The Atrioventricular Node is found between the Right Atrium and Right Ventricle

Nodes have electrical power to cause the Chambers to contract in a timely manner.


Distole Happens when the Atriums contract and

push blood into the ventricles Does not take a large amount of pressure

to do this Systole Happens when the Ventricles contract

and push blood out of the heart Takes a tremendous amount of pressure

to pump blood into the Aorta


The Heart has 4 major Coronary Arteries Bring blood to the Heart “Muscle” Blood inside the 4 chambers does not feed the

Heart tissue with needed oxygen Coronary Arteries are where Plaque or

Cholesterol usually collects The main Coronary Artery is nicknamed the

“Widow Maker” due to the amount of Heart Attacks men of early years suffered

Blocked Coronary Arteries can be repaired by cleaning out the Plaque or Cholesterol “stuck” there


All Arteries in your body lead away from the Heart

All Veins in your body lead to the Heart The only Artery that does not carry

“oxygenated” blood is the Pulmonary Artery

The Pulmonary Artery takes de-oxygenated blood from the Right Ventricle to the Lungs to drop off Waste Gases

The Pulmonary Vein brings back oxygenated blood from the lungs


Arterioles are smaller Arteries that branch off main Arteries

Veinules are smaller Veins that branch off main Veins

Capillaries are microscopic blood vessels where only one blood cell can fit through at any one time

You have veinus and arterial capillaries


Blood leaving the Heart through the Aorta will take about 20-30 seconds to return to the Heart

Blood leaving Aorta will branch off and go different directions every time it leaves the Heart

All blood returning to the Heart travels through the Liver first to be refined

All blood has to go through these organs every time it circulates: Heart, Lungs, Liver, Kidneys

Otherwise, blood does not go to every cell in the body


The Heart has it’s own “firing” sequence This Sequence is called Sinus Rhythm If the correct Sequence does not happen

the contractions of the Heart are called Fibrillation

Nodes are very similar to “Heart Batteries”

Nodes send out electrical signals for different Chambers to contract in the correct order


The Sinoartrial Node is in the Right Atrium wall

The Sinoarteral Node causes the Atriums to contract pushing blood into the ventricles

The Sinoarteral Node is also known as the “Pacemaker”


The Atrioventricular Node is in the walls between the Right Atrium and Right Ventricle

The Atrioventricular Node causes the Ventricles to contract

Blood leaves the Right Ventricle and goes through the Right and Left Pulmonary Arteries into the Lungs


Heart Valves are created in a way that blood can only go “One Way”

Blood should not ever flow backwards The Heart Valves should have “integrity”Or be “blood proof”


Tricuspid Valves are found between the Ventricles and the Atriums

Tricuspid Valves have three folds of tissue

There is not very much pressure exerted on these Valves because blood does not move very far


You have a Semilunar Valve between the Ventricles and the Blood Vessels leaving the Heart

The Pulmonary Valve and the Aortic Valves are Semilunar type Valves

Semilunar Valves have two folds of tissue


The Human Heart

Education

Transcript of The Human Heart