Anatomy & Physiology An Introduction to Anatomy & Physiology Chapter 1 pp. 2-27.
The Human Body: An Orientation Chapter 1 1.1 An overview of Anatomy and Physiology.
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Transcript of The Human Body: An Orientation Chapter 1 1.1 An overview of Anatomy and Physiology.
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Bellwork
1. In your own words define–Anatomy–Physiology
2. Which body system are you most interested in and why?
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The Human Body
▪ Vocabulary• Anatom
y:The study of the structure and shape of the body and its parts
• Physiology:
The study of how the body and its parts work or function
• Metabolism:
All chemical reactions in the body
• Homeostasis:
Systems maintain a relative constant or balanced internal environment
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The Human Body
–Pick a structure on your body, describe it’s anatomy(structure) & physiology(function)
–Example: ARM (don’t use arm)▪ Anatomy: made of muscles, bones, nerves, blood vessels▪ Physiology: Used to throw, swing a bat, climb
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Levels of Organization
▪ Vocabulary• Chemical
Level:Atoms which join as molecules
• Common Elements:
H, O, N, Ca, Na, K
• Cellular Level:
Atoms and molecules form functional units
• Smallest living units in the body
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Levels of Organization
▪ Vocabulary• Tissue
Level:Groups of cells that work together to perform a function
• 4 Types of tissues:
• Organ Level:
Tissues join together to form a structure, with a recognizable shape and has specific functions
Epithelial, nervous, connective, muscular
• Examples:
Stomach, heart, brain, liver, lungs
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Levels of Organization
Organ Level
• In your notebook or your notetaker pick an organ, draw and color it, and then write 2 sentences on the function of that organ.
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Levels of Organization
▪ Vocabulary• System
Level:Organs and tissues that have a common purpose and function for the body
• There are 11 principal systems in the human body
• Organism Level:
Largest level of organization
• Chemicals—Cells—Tissues—Organs—Systems—Organism
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Levels of Organization (Systems)
▪ Integumentary System (Skin)
• Regulates body temperature
• Protection
• Receives stimuli
• Organs:
• Skin, Hair, Nails
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Levels of Organization
▪ Skeletal System
• Protects and supports body organs
• Stores minerals
• Provides muscle attachment for movement
• Organs:
• Bones, Cartilage, Joints
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Levels of Organization
▪ Muscular System • Brings about body
movements
• Maintains posture
• Produces body heat
• Organs
• Skeletal, Cardiac and Smooth muscle
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Levels of Organization
▪ Nervous System
• Regulates body activities through nerve impulses
• Organs:
• Brain, Spinal Cord, Nerves, Sensory Organs
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Levels of Organization
▪ Endocrine System
• Regulates body activities through hormones
• Organs:
• Gland (thyroid, pituitary, adrenal, etc.)
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Levels of Organization
▪ Cardiovascular System • Transports oxygen
and nutrients to the body
• Removes carbon dioxide from the body cells
• Organs:
• Blood, Blood Vessels, Heart
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Levels of Organization
▪ Lymphatic System
• Involved in immunity
• Filters blood
• Organs:
• Lymph nodes, Spleen, Tonsils
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Levels of Organization
▪ Respiratory System
• Supplies oxygen, removes carbon dioxide and regulates acid-base balance
• Organs:
• Lungs, Alveoli, Conducting Passageways
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Levels of Organization
▪ Digestive System • Break down of food
• Allows for nutrient absorption into the blood
• Eliminates indigestible material
• Organs:
• Mouth, stomach, intestines, esophagus
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Levels of Organization
▪ Urinary System • Produces and stores
urine
• Maintains electrolyte balance
• Regulates water volume
• Organs:
• Kidneys, bladder, ureters, urethra
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Levels of Organization
▪ Reproductive System • Production of sperm
or oocytes
• Production of offspring
• Organs:
• Testes, ovaries, penis, vagina
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Levels of Organization
▪ Review• I’m gonna put you in groups of 4, using the
slates you’ll answer the following questions
• Pay attention, you might see these questions again(hint, hint)
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Levels of Organization
A: Chemical B: Cellular C: Tissue D: Organ
E: System F: Organismal G: Anatomy
H: Physiology I: Homeostasis J: Metabolism 1. ________ Tissues join together to form
a body structure
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Levels of Organization
A: Chemical B: Cellular C: Tissue D: Organ
E: System F: Organismal G: Anatomy
H: Physiology I: Homeostasis J: Metabolism 2. ________ Systems maintain a relative
constant or balanced internal environment
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Levels of Organization
A: Chemical B: Cellular C: Tissue D: Organ
E: System F: Organismal G: Anatomy
H: Physiology I: Homeostasis J: Metabolism 3. ________ Includes oxygen, carbon,
calcium, etc. in simplest form
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Levels of Organization
A: Chemical B: Cellular C: Tissue D: Organ
E: System F: Organismal G: Anatomy
H: Physiology I: Homeostasis J: Metabolism 4. ________ The largest level of
organization
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Levels of Organization
A: Chemical B: Cellular C: Tissue D: Organ
E: System F: Organismal G: Anatomy
H: Physiology I: Homeostasis J: Metabolism 5. ________ The study of how the body
and its parts work or function
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Levels of Organization
A: Chemical B: Cellular C: Tissue D: Organ
E: System F: Organismal G: Anatomy
H: Physiology I: Homeostasis J: Metabolism 6. ________ Made of organs and tissues
that have a common function and result
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Levels of Organization
A: Chemical B: Cellular C: Tissue D: Organ
E: System F: Organismal G: Anatomy
H: Physiology I: Homeostasis J: Metabolism 7. ________ All chemical reactions in the
body
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Levels of Organization
A: Chemical B: Cellular C: Tissue D: Organ
E: System F: Organismal G: Anatomy
H: Physiology I: Homeostasis J: Metabolism 8. ________ Basic structure and function
units, the smallest living units in the body
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Levels of Organization
A: Chemical B: Cellular C: Tissue D: Organ
E: System F: Organismal G: Anatomy
H: Physiology I: Homeostasis J: Metabolism 9. ________ Includes muscle, bone and
nerve, epithelial, and connective; makes up organs and other parts