The History of the Internet Joachim Åberg Peter Hedberg Distributed Information Systems.
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Transcript of The History of the Internet Joachim Åberg Peter Hedberg Distributed Information Systems.
Telephone – communication network Berkeley
Packet-switching
MIT
Rand Institute
NPL (National Physical Laboratory)
The 60's
By 1972 - ARPAnet grown to 15 nodes
NCP (network-control protocol). [RFC 001]
The first host-to host between ARPAnet users known as the NCP
Applications
Email program
The 70's
Different packet-switching networks
ARPAnet, ALOHANet, Telnet, Cyclades...
DARPA (Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency)
A network of networks.
Early versions of TCP, UDP and IP in place by the end of the 1970's.
• 1976 Metcalfe and Boggs started an early version of Ethernet protocol
The 70's
The 80's
• ARPAnet– Huge increase– From 100 to 100000
• Why?– Universities connect
• North Eastern part of USA
• CSNet– connected computers not connected to ARPAnet
The 80's
• Internet cornerstones– NSFNet created– ARPAnet NCP→ TCP/IP in 1983
• Late 80's– Important extensions to TCP
• Implement Congestion Control
– DNS– 32-bit IP a.b.c.d
Minitel
• 1982• French online service
• Free computer terminals to telephone suscribers
• Services– Online purchases, train reservations. Stock
prices, telephone directory, chat
• Estimation: 25 million (out of 60) used it by the end of the 90's
• Similar systems was introduced ( Teleguide)
WWW
• 1980– Tim Berners Lee– ENQUIRE– Hypertext
• 1984– Physicist needed to share data
• 1989– Proposal ”a large hypertext database with typed links”
• TIM, MOI,WWW
WWW
• 1990– HTTP, HTML, browser (WWW)
• 92-95– HTTP, GOPHER– Early Browser• Mosaic→Netscape Navigator
• 96-98– Commercialization of the WWW– Google
Bubble to Present
• 1999-2001– Dot-com bubble burst
• 2001 →– Web 2.0– Wikipedia, MySpace, iTunes, Flickr, World of Warcraft,
Facebook, Podcast, Google Earth, Youtube, Twitter, Bittorrent, G-Mail