Schematic Design Proposal

Cherise RollinsNovember 14, 2003Lighting/Electrical OptionArchitectural Engineering ProgramThe Pennsylvania State University

The Greater Hartford Academies of the Arts, Math, and Sciences

Building Location

The Greater Hartford Academies for the Arts, Math, and Sciences building is located on the Learning Corridor campus in downtown Hartford, Connecticut.

The Learning Corridor Campus Site Plan

Building Information

Owner: The Learning Corridor, a non-profit organizationArchitect: Tai Soo Kim PartnersEngineer-MEP: vanZelm Heywood & Shadford, Inc.Engineer-Structural: James K. Grant AssociatesEngineer-Civil: Vanasse Hangen Brustlin, Inc.General Contractor: Gilbane Building Co.

Building FeaturesTotal Building Area: 74,868 ft2, 2 storiesTotal Project Cost: $14,850,000Features: atrium lobby, science ‘suites,’ dance studios, recording studios, and a lecture/recital hall

Building Use

The Facility offers students from area high schools experiences in science, math, technology, music,

drama, dance, and creative writing.

Spaces

Atrium Lobby 101 Area

Computer Lab and Creative

Writing Classroom 233

Corner Dance Studio 248

Courtyard Area

Existing Design Concepts

Architects designed building to have free, open spaces that

flow together

Attempts to bring a lot of natural daylight into spaces

through many openings for daylight penetration

Most spaces have standard windows

Some spaces have additional high,

narrow windows to bring in light

at high angles (reduce direct glare)

Overall Design Goals

Retain architects original goal of bringing daylight into

spaces

Find the proper mix of natural light and electric light for

each space

“…Daylighting is beneficial to student learning in addition to simply being pleasant. Employed correctly,

daylighting can dramatically cut electric lighting, energy, and maintenance costs…The resultant energy savings can, in the long term, offset increased costs of adding daylighting while increasing comfort and student

performance.” (National Clearinghouse for Educational Facilities)

Overall Design Goals Cond.

Psychological and physiological benefits of sunlight in schools

Necessary photocontrols reduce energy costs

Life of the electric lighting system is extended

Maintenance costs are reduced

More energy efficient design

Lower power density in spaces

Visually comfortable environment

Sufficient light levels for performing tasks

Meet target light levels established by IES

Atrium Lobby 101 Area

Atrium lobby is a two-story open area used to showcase student artwork, 22ft wide x 42ft deep, 38ft ceilingSpace draws most of its light from its many windows

General Description

Floor to Ceiling wall of glass, main entrance

View through to courtyard from windows at back of atrium corridors

South ViewNorth View

Atrium Lobby 101 AreaDesign Criteria

Create open, inviting environment through natural daylight designCirculation lighting

Pull people into the buildingProvide visual link from lobby to spaces that diverge from lobby

Orientation lightingSafe movement of people on both floors and up the stairwayStairway: 10 fc minimum Lobby area: 10fc minimum horizontal, 3fc minimum vertical

Architectural lightingSupport unique architectural elements (high-ceiling, floor to ceiling window entrance)Preserve clean, natural look of the surfaces

Atrium Lobby 101 AreaDesign Concepts

Strong visual link from the lobby to the courtyard: the connection to the rest of the campus area

1

2 Gallery lighting concepts applied to showcase artwork of students (murals and sculptures) and add visual interest to space

3 Clear view of the sky to create a natural, daylight environment

Atrium Lobby 101 AreaDesign Concepts Cond.“Atrium Gallery” Concept – The National Gallery, London

Roof-lit skylight:

Clear view of sky

White, high reflective surfaces:

Creates clean look to focus attention on artwork and makes entrance area bright

Artwork lit by recessed directional fixtures

Atrium Lobby 101 AreaDesign Concepts Cond.“Atrium Gallery” Concept – Sketch

North View South View

White highly reflective surfaces

Skylight:

Clear view of sky

Atrium Lobby 101 AreaDesign Concepts Cond.“Atrium Gallery” Concept – Sketch

Artwork at Front of Atrium:

Lit with ambient daylight

Artwork at Back of Atrium:

Lit with recessed directional fixtures

Atrium Lobby 101 AreaDesign Concepts Cond.“Visual Link” Concept – Sketch

Link created by making area very bright, warm color (opposite of cool color of daylight), to stand out against daylight atrium

Atrium Corridor on 2nd Floor

Corner Dance Studio 248

Corner studio is approx 28ft wide x 46ft deep, 20ft ceilingSpace is used for dance classes and small performances

General Description

East view from Street: Duckbill Roof

Continuous row of windows along top of walls: Adds daylight to room at high angles to reduce glare

Performance area: 18ft x 34ft, front faces North

Wall of mirrors

Corner Dance Studio 248Design Criteria

Create two different lighting systemsGeneral lighting design for dance classesPerformance lighting design for dance performances

Dance Class LightingImplement building theme of natural daylight design to create and open, natural environmentHigh visual clarity for performance of visual tasks: 50fc min for horizontal surfaces, 30fc min for vertical surfacesSensitive to glare produced by specular, reflective surfaces (wall of mirrors, windows)

Performance Lighting (similar to Theatre Lighting Design)Provide necessary controls for daylight design to reduce natural light intensity

Corner Dance Studio 248Design Criteria Cond.

Create necessary visibility and desired mood through the controllable properties of electric light: intensity, form, color, movementIntensity: Provide dimmer control to maintain intensity level, 50fc min for vertical surfacesForm: Variety of luminaire types and mounting positions, luminance ratios to create contrast between object and backgroundColor: Controlled by lamp selection, dimmers, filters, CRI > 80Movement: Accomplished by dimming luminaires

Corner Dance Studio 248Design Concepts

Open, natural environment with clear view of outdoors along exterior walls providing light for general lighting

1

2 Theatre lighting for performance lighting done with a mix of electric light with daylight (minimal)

Corner Dance Studio 248Design Concepts Cond.“Sunroom” Concept for General Lighting

Floor to Ceiling windows:

Clear view of outdoors

North and East facing exterior walls:

Made of windows

Dance room with similar concept:

Window walls with Covered roof

Corner Dance Studio 248Design Concepts Cond.“Sunroom” Concept – Sketch

Many large windows to create a clear view of outdoors

Dance studio with many high, narrow windows to bring in daylight at high angles with reduced glare

Corner Dance Studio 248Design Concepts Cond.“Theatre Lighting” Concept – Sketch

Windows need motorized shades to control daylight intensity, glare

Variety of fixture types vary in intensity, form, color, and movement (on dimming track circuit)

Computer Lab 233

Split-level space approx 40ft wide x 25ft deep, 14ft ceilingSpace contains 21 computers and a projection screen

General Description

View from front of room View from back of room

Computers line 3 sides of the room:

Screens face N, S, W

Projection Screen:

Faces E

Handi-cap Ramp:

Back of room

Computer Lab 233Design Criteria

Accommodate general classroom lightingAccommodate VDT screen usageProvide integration and control of daylight systems

Shades (manual or automatic)Solar-reflecting/reducing glazing materials

Different illumination levels availableHigh-level illumination for note-taking during lectures, Uniform, horizontal illuminance target 40-50fcLow-level illumination for presentations on projection screen, that will also allow for note-takingDimming capabilities of electric lights

Good modeling of faces

Computer Lab 233Design Criteria Cond.

Accommodate General Classroom Lighting

IES, Figure 12.2 IES, Figure 12.1

Minimize glare with matte finishes

Guidelines for good visual performance and comfort

Computer Lab 233Design Criteria Cond.

Accommodate VDT screen usageMinimize direct and reflected glare by using following geometry between light sources, task, and observer:

Ambient luminance should not exceed 50fcUniformity on ceiling, 2:1 luminance ratio most desirableAvoid harmful reflections

3:1 luminance ratio between task and near background10:1 luminance ratio between task and far backgroundCeiling uniformity with max ceiling luminance 850 cd/m2, min 425 cd/m2

Average intensity at angles between 55° and 90° should be limited

Computer Lab 233Design Concepts

Diffuse, indirect lighting whenever possible to minimize direct glare and veiling reflections

1

2 Clean ceiling surface to minimize visual clutter and avoidblocking projector view of projection screen

3 Shielded lamp to eliminate bare bulb brightness

Computer Lab 233Design Concepts Cond.“VDT Space” Concept- VDT screens facing varying directions

Clean surfaces:

Recessed fixture

Diffuse Light:

Indirect fixture, shielded lamp

Outdoor Courtyard Area

Sitting areas, stepped concrete platform, and walkway to rest of campus, approx 100ft wide x 70ft deepDirectly beyond atrium, access from art wings and lobby

General Description

View from central campus sidewalk

Concrete Platform for

Performances, Classes, and Sitting Area

Door Exit from Atrium

Gardens and Circular

Sitting Area

Outdoor Courtyard AreaDesign Criteria

Create a safe, inviting, relaxing environmentCirculation lighting

Pull people into/out of the building through two main exitsProvide visual link from building to rest of campus

Security lightingSafe movement of people on walkways, platform, two exits Sitting areas: 5fc min horizontal, 3fc min vertical Entrances: 5 fc min horizontal, 3fc min vertical Pathways: 1fc min horizontal, 0.3fc min verticalPlatform Steps: 1fc min horizontal, 0.3fc min vertical

Architectural lightingInformal sitting areas to create privacyGardens near building and sitting areas, 3fc min on trees and shrubbery that receive emphasisGlowing glass wall of building

Outdoor Courtyard AreaDesign Concepts

“Glowing” bright wall of glass facade to provide clear view of courtyard from inside atrium lobby and visual link to rest of campus

1

2 “Glowing” courtyard garden to create fun, inviting, relaxing environment and also for night view inside atrium lobby

Outdoor Courtyard AreaDesign Concepts Cond.“Glowing Glass Facade” Concept – Pepsi Center, Denver, CO

Grazing effect:

To light glass from outdoors

Glass Facade of Atrium:

Lit from the outside to make outdoor environment brighter than indoors, creates clear view of courtyard from atrium

Outdoor Courtyard AreaDesign Concepts Cond.“Glowing Courtyard” Concept- Similar to clear night sky

Shrubs and Trees:

Glow with white light similar to stars at night

Area of high and low light intensity:

Creates contrast and visual appeal, similar to night sky

Outdoor Courtyard AreaDesign Concepts Cond.“Glowing Courtyard with Glass Facade” Concept – Sketch

Glowing glass with recessed in ground fixtures to graze surface

Trees and Shrubbery lit with cool light from below to create a “glowing” effect

Lamp PropertiesGoal = most energy efficient + best color rendering + most economicIndoor Lighting:

Use T-5 Fluorescent linear lamps with electronic ballastsCompact Fluorescents for down lightsT-5 HO for spaces with high ceilings

Outdoor Lighting:Metal Halide, good color rendering and white light provides good night visionLED’s, exit signs

CRI and CCTFluorescent lamps: CCT = 3500K, CRI = 85+Metal Halide lamps: CCT = 3200-3600K, CRI = 70+

Daylight Systems and ControlsConcept: Cool Daylighting

Glazing systems with low-eShades

Interior automatic or manual devicesExterior to minimize solar heat gains during the cooling season

“ …is a systematic approach to daylighting design that ensures that the daylight is controlled through a combination of glazing systems (such as low-e),

shading systems, and architectural design.” National Clearinghouse for Educational Facilities

Daylight Systems and ControlsSupplement daylight by automatically controlled electric lighting that dims in response to daylight levels

Automatic photo-control systems to switch off one, two, or three fluorescent lamps per fixtureBy reducing use of electric lights by 50%, life span doubles and associated maintenance costs are cut in half (National Clearinghouse for Educational Facilities)

Other controls used to reduce operating time of lights that are used unnecessarily

Reduces of amount of money spent on energyMotion sensorsEnergy management systems