The Great War

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Chapter 22 Chapter 22 The Great War The Great War The American People The American People , 6 , 6 th th ed. ed.

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PowerPoint of World War 1 including maps, graphs, and charts.

Transcript of The Great War

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Chapter 22Chapter 22The Great WarThe Great War

The American PeopleThe American People, 6, 6thth ed. ed.

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I. The Early War YearsI. The Early War Years

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Causes of the WarCauses of the War Improved technology and industrialization also Improved technology and industrialization also

fostered a new sense of nationalism among the fostered a new sense of nationalism among the countries of the worldcountries of the world

A growing rivalry over European trade, colonies, A growing rivalry over European trade, colonies, and spheres of influence in Africa and Asiaand spheres of influence in Africa and Asia

The large European powers began an industrial The large European powers began an industrial arms race followed by an intricate system of arms race followed by an intricate system of national treaties and alliances that would compel national treaties and alliances that would compel most of the world to declare war at the slightest most of the world to declare war at the slightest incidentincident

The assassination of Archduke Ferdinand of The assassination of Archduke Ferdinand of Austria-Hungary delivered such an incidentAustria-Hungary delivered such an incident

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New Military TechnologyNew Military Technology

The new industrialism meant new The new industrialism meant new advances in the science of warfareadvances in the science of warfare

Rapid-firing rifles, improved explosives, Rapid-firing rifles, improved explosives, motorized Gatlin guns, and enormous motorized Gatlin guns, and enormous artillery pieces artillery pieces

Airplanes, poison gas and trench warfare Airplanes, poison gas and trench warfare strategiesstrategies

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NeutralityNeutrality

Despite President Wilson’s call for Despite President Wilson’s call for American neutrality, nationalism inherent American neutrality, nationalism inherent in the numbers of American immigrants in the numbers of American immigrants tipped the balance in the Allies favortipped the balance in the Allies favor

Ultimately, most Americans believed that Ultimately, most Americans believed that France and England were fighting to France and England were fighting to preserve human culture against preserve human culture against barbarians; remaining neutral would not barbarians; remaining neutral would not happenhappen

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II.II. The United States The United States Enters the WarEnters the War

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Deciding for WarDeciding for War Wilson’s reelection in 1916 seemed to be a national Wilson’s reelection in 1916 seemed to be a national

mandate for further attempts at American neutralitymandate for further attempts at American neutrality Wilson outlined a plan for “peace without victory”Wilson outlined a plan for “peace without victory” The German leaders thought they could win a world The German leaders thought they could win a world

war and rejected Wilson’s attempt at negotiationwar and rejected Wilson’s attempt at negotiation Interception of the Zimmerman telegram virtually Interception of the Zimmerman telegram virtually

guaranteed the entry of America into the warguaranteed the entry of America into the war

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A Patriotic CrusadeA Patriotic Crusade For most Americans, the war was a remote idealFor most Americans, the war was a remote ideal George Creel headed a Committee of Public George Creel headed a Committee of Public

Information designed to flood American with Information designed to flood American with nationalistic propaganda about the seriousness nationalistic propaganda about the seriousness of the situation in an anti-German contextof the situation in an anti-German context

The Espionage, Sedition, and Trading With the The Espionage, Sedition, and Trading With the Enemy Acts limited the freedoms of AmericansEnemy Acts limited the freedoms of Americans

Prompted the early Civil Liberties BureauPrompted the early Civil Liberties Bureau

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III.III. The Military The Military ExperienceExperience

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Over ThereOver There The United States entered the World War The United States entered the World War

in the spring of 1917 after three years of in the spring of 1917 after three years of European fightingEuropean fighting

General “Black Jack” Pershing insisted General “Black Jack” Pershing insisted that American troops be segregated from that American troops be segregated from French and British divisionsFrench and British divisions

The U.S. entered the war late and had The U.S. entered the war late and had lost little compared to Britain and Francelost little compared to Britain and France

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A Global PandemicA Global Pandemic

In the fall of 1919 brought the end of the In the fall of 1919 brought the end of the Great War and the beginning of the Great War and the beginning of the Spanish Flu epidemic that claimed the Spanish Flu epidemic that claimed the lives of over 43,000 American lives of over 43,000 American servicemen, 675,000 Americans overall, servicemen, 675,000 Americans overall, and 40 million people worldwide in the and 40 million people worldwide in the space of little more than two yearsspace of little more than two years

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IV.IV. Domestic Impact Domestic Impact of the Warof the War

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Finances and the Federal Finances and the Federal GovernmentGovernment World War I cost the United States over $33 World War I cost the United States over $33

billion in 1918 dollarsbillion in 1918 dollars Americans were disgruntled to learn that their Americans were disgruntled to learn that their

liberty bonds had lost 20 percent of their face liberty bonds had lost 20 percent of their face value; a War Revenue Act of 1917 had boosted value; a War Revenue Act of 1917 had boosted the tax ratethe tax rate

The Federal government was organized to The Federal government was organized to combat food shortages, promote scientific combat food shortages, promote scientific advancement, and take over operation of the advancement, and take over operation of the railroadsrailroads

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Suffrage for WomenSuffrage for Women In the fall of 1918, Woodrow Wilson asked In the fall of 1918, Woodrow Wilson asked

Congress for support in the quest for Congress for support in the quest for women’s right to votewomen’s right to vote

While many still opposed women suffrage, While many still opposed women suffrage, careful organization and planning by careful organization and planning by women’s clubs produced demonstrations women’s clubs produced demonstrations and arguments that the government could and arguments that the government could no longer ignoreno longer ignore

The Nineteenth Amendment, securing a The Nineteenth Amendment, securing a woman’s right to vote, was ratified in 1920woman’s right to vote, was ratified in 1920

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