The Great Lakes – A Freshwater Coastal Environment.
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Transcript of The Great Lakes – A Freshwater Coastal Environment.
![Page 1: The Great Lakes – A Freshwater Coastal Environment.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062409/56649cec5503460f949b87ac/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
The Great Lakes – A Freshwater Coastal Environment
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ParkTotal Area -
hectares (acres)
Coastal ZoneCoastal Area
- hectares (acres)
Apostle Islands National Lakeshore
28,086 (69,372)
0.25 mi10,899
(26,932)
Indiana Dunes National Lakeshore
6,073 (15,000)
100 yards 241 (597)
Isle Royale National Park231,494
(571,790)4.5 mi
175,576 (433,857)
Pictured Rocks National Lakeshore
28,906 (71,397)
0.25 mi2,458
(60,783)
Sleeping Bear Dunes National Lakeshore
28,821 (71,189)
0.25 mi4,249
(10,502)
Total Benthic Area Great Lakes Parks
193,423 (532,671)
Benthic Habitat in Great Lakes Parks
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Other Water-Based Parks
• Voyageur’s National Park, 30,154 ha of lake area
• Saint Croix National Scenic Riverway, 421 km of river length
• Mississippi National River and Recreation Area, 123 km of river length
• Other Midwest Region Parks?
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Benthic Habitat Mapping Needs
• Bathymetry• Geology• Substrate• Aquatic Macrophytes• Diatoms, Plankton• Water Column Dynamics – Stratification,
Currents, Estuaries• Shipwrecks and other archeological sites
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• Lake trout spawning reefs• Near shore fish habitat• Beach/sand/longshore drift• Lake currents• Erosion/sedimentation • Geology/Limnology• Lake circulation• Sediment transport
Benthic Habitat Analysis
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Park Specific Needs
• Highest priority – Cladophora algae/Driessena Mussel – Bathymetry will be available later this year for the Manitou Islands. Nearshore nutrient/carbon cycles related to quagga mussel, Dreissena bugensis , zebra mussel, Dreissena polymorpha
• Nearshore fish inventory – APIS, PIRO, ISRO, cooperative agreements with USGS and USFWS
• Lake Trout Spawning Reefs – Study Distinct Genetic Populations
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• Mapping of coastal areas is currently underway on the Great Lakes
• Coverage includes 1km lakeward, 500m landward of shoreline
• 5m bathymetric, 1m terrestrial DEM, depth to roughly 2.5x secchi disk depth
• National I&M Program has contributed $860,000 to provide complete coverage of waters within NPS jurisdiction
• All data will be available by Spring 2009
USACE CHARTS Program – LiDAR Bathymetry
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Bathymetric LiDAR mapping completed for NPS areas in 2007, data available later this summer
Apostle Islands National Lakeshore 70% Complete
Sleeping Bear Dunes National Lakeshore, Manitou Islands completed
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Analysis of LiDAR Bathymetry
• Map Products • Substrate – Ground Truthing• Landform Assessment• Geologic Structure• Shoreline• Fish Habitat• Plant Communities