The God Ra Iconography

7/24/2019 The God Ra Iconography

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THE GOD RA: ICONOGRAPHY

(WITH ALL THE FORMS AND NAMES FROM THE “LITANY OF RA”)

AMNTE NOFRE ⲀⲘⲚⲦⲈ ⲚⲞϤⲢⲈ



Copyright © 2015 Amentet Neferet

All right reserved

Cover: detail from the ceiling of the Hypostyle Hall of the Temple of the Goddess Hathor at

Nitentore (Dendera), second band east:

The sacred barqe of the God !a"Hara#hty sailing across the s#y:

from right to left,

a sacred baboon seated on the bo$,

a falcon"headed God spearing the crsed apophis (the enemy of !a and of all the Gods) here

represented by the hieroglyphic signs for his name,

the Goddess %aat,

a Goddess $earing the co$&s horns and the 'olar dis#,

the t$o Gods 'ia and H,

the God !a"Hara#hty standing inside a shrine,a falcon"headed God steering the sacred barqe



THE GOD RA:

ICONOGRAPHY

(written by Luigi Tripni!

-Ra as a falco-!"a#"# $a:

The "od # usully is represented semi$nthropomorphi% s mn with the hed of fl%on nd

wering the &olr dis' with the reus) this is the most %ommon form of #*

+n ddition to the &olr dis' with the reus, sometimes # is represented lso wering the -Atef-

Crown) in few s%enes, # wers the Triple$-Atef- (the .#oring /ne! nd the ouble ethered

Crown with the &olr dis', nd very rrely 3e is sso%ited with the ouble Crown*

4oreover, in relief from one of the Chpels of /siris on the roof of the Temple of 3thor t

Nitentore (ender!, # is represented with two humn$shped bodies whi%h merge into e%h other

t the b%', nd with two fl%on$heds*

Con%erning the &olr brues, # is depi%ted s fl%on$heded mn in ll the &olr brues

represented in the .6oo' of the y nd s the form of # during the 7 hour of the dy (tht is the

hour pre%eeding the noon!*

-A%!&o'o$o&'!c fo&$ of Ra:

The "od # is lso represented in fully nthropomorphi% form, usully wering the &olr dis'*

+n 3is form of ivine Child, # is lwys depi%ted in fully nthropomorphi% form, usullyrepresented inside the &un) moreover in some s%enes 3e is represented seted upon the 8rimevl

Lotus flower*

The form of # in the first two hours of the dy is the ivine Child inside the &un*

-oo$o&'!c a# co$*"# fo&$s of Ra:

# is one of the 9gyptin "ods with the lrgest number of forms, nd in f%t there re mny s%red

nimls tht re sso%ited with 3im in the i%onogrphy: the fl%on, the %t, the lion, the %lf nd

the bull, the bboon, the serpent, the %ro%odile, nd the rm*

1



As fl%on, # is depi%ted s fl%on$heded mn nd in the full form of fl%on) moreover, in the

first hour of the dy represented on the %eiling of the .8ure 8l%e (the .Chpel of the New ;er!

of the Temple of 3orus t -6ehdet- (9dfu! # is depi%ted s humn$heded fl%on* Another

%ombined form of # is the rm$heded fl%on inside the &un, tht represents the -6-$&oul of # (s

ttested by the .Litny of #!*

As %t, # is depi%ted s %t$heded mn nd lso in the full form of %t*

As lion, # is lwys represented s lion$heded mn, tht is lso the form of # during the +<

hour of the dy* 4oreover, # is lso depi%ted s hier%osphin= (fl%on$heded lion!, tht is lso

the form of # during the +++ hour of the dy*

As %lf nd bull, # is lwys represented in fully >oomorphi% form*

As bboon, # is depi%ted in the full form of bboon nd lso s bboon$heded mn, tht

moreover re the forms of # during the 7++ nd 7+++ hours of the dy*

As serpent, # is represented in fully >oomorphi% form: the only 'nown imge of # s serpent, s

ttested lso by the L"", is from the %eiling of the 3ypostyle 3ll of the Temple of 3thor t

Nitentore (ender!, where # is represented in 3is form of !asomto ( !"sm"t$y , .# the

nifier of the Two Lnds! identified with the &erpent "od 'ite ( s"t, the .&on of the 9rth! nd

depi%ted s serpent rising from the gret lotus flower within s%red brue*

As %ro%odile, # is depi%ted s %ro%odile$heded mn nd lso in the full form of %ro%odile*

As rm, # is represented s four$f%ed rm in the 7+ hour of the dy (tht is the noon!* # is lso

depi%ted in the %ombined form of rm$heded mn usully wering the &olr dis'* +n the .6oo' of

the Night nd in the .6oo's of the Netherworld (li'e the .6oo' of the Amdut nd the .6oo' of

"tes! # is lwys represented in this %ombined form nd is %lled .the flesh of #* 4oreover,

# is represented s rm$heded mn during the +7 hour of the dy*

-T!" S+ ,%! %!" fo&$s of Ra:

An i%onogrphi% motif represented mostly in the .3ouses of 9ternity (tht re the tombs! is the

&un with the s%rb nd rm$heded "od depi%ted inside, tht re the s%rb tht represents

2



?hepry, nd the .flesh of #* This sme i%onogrphi% motif is lso depi%ted in the -8rologue- of the

."ret Litny of #, where it represents the des%ent of # into the Netherworld, s we will see in

the lst prt of this study*

+n ddition to the vrious forms of # listed here, there re the forms of # ttested only in the

.Litny of # nd %onne%ted to the worship of # in *mente (tht is one of the nmes of the

Netherworld!: in the lst prt of this study you will find ll the imges, the nmes, nd the

invo%tions of the .Litny of #*

Then there re lso these two forms of # ttested by the L"" but for whi%h there re no e=mples

in this pper:$ white greyhound dressed in bl%' (%fr* 3ornung und &tehelin, '#arab+en asel , @@!

$ semi$nthropomorphi% form with the hed of vulture (represented in the .3ouse of 9ternity of

?hbe'hnet, TT2!

Con%erning the 9gyptin pronun%ition of the nme of the "od # ( ! !, in this pper + hve used

the widespred %onventionl pronun%ition .#, but it is importnt to note tht its rel

pronun%ition is preserved in Copti% (tht is the lst stge of the 9gyptin lnguge! s -!./ when

stressed (-!i/ in modern Copti%! nd -!a/ when unstressed, s in -!a"Har0#hty/1

or more informtions on the phoneti% system nd pronun%ition of the 9gyptin lnguge, see our

blog:

https:mentetneferet*wordpress*%omegyptin$lnguge

B

https://amentetneferet.wordpress.com/egyptian-language/

https://amentetneferet.wordpress.com/egyptian-language/



t left, some of the most %ommon spellings of the nme of the "od # in hieroglyphs)

t right, the two most %ommon spellings of the nme of the "od #$3r'hty



Icoo&a'!c #".:

+ prt: # s fl%on$heded mn

++ prt: # in nthropomorphi% form

$# in 3is form of ivine Child

+++ prt: # in 3is form of s%red fl%on

$# s humn$heded fl%on

$# s rm$heded fl%on

+7 prt: # in 3is form of s%red %t

$# s %t$heded mn

7 prt: # s lion$heded mn

$# in 3is form of hier%osphin=

7+ prt: # in 3is s%red forms of %lf nd bull

7++ prt: # in 3is forms of s%red bboon nd bboon$heded mn

7+++ prt: # in 3is form of s%red serpent

+< prt: # s %ro%odile$heded mn

$# in 3is form of s%red %ro%odile

< prt: # s rm$heded mn

$the .flesh of # in the .6oo's of the Netherworld

$# in 3is form of four$f%ed rm

<+ prt: the &un with the forms of #

5



<++ prt: .The Litny of #:

$introdu%tion

$the -8rologue- of the ."ret Litny

$the forms of # in the ."ret Litny

$the forms of # in the .Little Litny

D



I 'a&%: Ra as a falco-!"a#"# $a

."ret Temple of ?ing &ethi + t Abydos, Chpel of #$3r'hty, detil from the south$west wll,

lower register: #$3r'hty, fl%on$heded, wering the -Atef-$Crown with rm-s horns nd ureind the bull-s horns with the &olr dis'

E



&%ene from the .3ouse o 9ternity (TT1! of &ennedFem,

.&ervnt in the &et of #ighteousness nd Truth (the 7lley of the ?ings! during the reign of ?ing

&ethi + nd the first yers of ?ing #mses ++:.#$3r'hty$Atum, Lord of the two Lnds of /n$3eliopolis, ?hepry seted in 3is s%red brue*

3e is represented fl%on$heded, wering the &olr dis' en%ir%led by the reus,

nd holding the -An'h- (-Life-!

G



Temple of the "od 3orus t 6ehdet (9dfu!, detil from the "irdle Hll, inner f%e, west wll:

#$3r'hty (fl%on$heded, wering the &olr dis' with the reus! enthroned inside shrine

upon s%red brue

@



Temple of the "od 3orus t 6edhet (9dfu!,

detil from the estern tower of the 8ylon (upper register, + s%ene!:

.# of 6ehdet enthroned, fl%on$heded, wering the &olr dis' with the reus, holding the

-An'h- nd the -s-$s%epter

10



Temple of the "od 3orus t 6ehdet (9dfu!, detil from the "irdle Hll, inner f%e, west wll:

#$3r'hty (fl%on$heded, wering the &olr dis' with the reus! enthroned within the s%red

-+shed-$Tree

11



Temple of the "oddess 3thor t Nitentore (ender!, detil from the se%ond west Chpel of /siris

(one of the three western %hpels %lled the .3ouse of +sis$&hentyet! lo%ted on the roof of the

Temple* rwing from A* 4riette, .enderh, des%ription gInIrle, +7$G2*

.#$3r'hty represented with two humn$shped bodies whi%h merge into e%h other t the b%',

nd with two fl%on$heds) 3e wers the -dFt-$9ye nd holds two -s-$s%epters

12



etil from the .3ouse of 9ternity of ?ing &ethi +, 7lley of the ?ings (?7 1E!,

Hest -set-$Thebes:

?ing &ethi + (wering the Nemes with the reus! nd #$3r'hty (fl%on$heded nd weringthe &olr dis' with the reus!

1B



."ret Temple of ?ing &ethi + t Abydos, Chpel of #$3r'hty, north$est wll*

&%ene from the ily #ituls (performed in the +nner &hrines of the Temples! %lled

.ormul for seeing the eity ( r n m N2r !:

?ing &ethi + (wering the 6lue Crown! 'neeling nd offering in%ense to #$3r'hty (fl%on$

heded, wering the &olr dis' with the reus! *

/n the top right, the "oddess Ne'hbet in 3er form of s%red vulture, holding the -shen-$ring ndspreding 3er wings in prote%tion

1



&%ene from one of the pillrs of the 8orti%o of the ."ret Temple of ?ing &ethi + t Abydos:

#$3r'hty (fl%on$heded, wering the &olr dis' with the reus! embr%ing ?ing #mses ++

(wering the -Atef-$%rown with rm-s horns nd holding the -An'h-!

15



&%ene from the f%de of the "ret Temple of Amon, #$3r'hty, 8th, nd #mses ++ t 4eh,

Lower ?ushNubi (now 'nown s .the "ret Temple of Abu &imbel!:

?ing #mses ++, represented twi%e, offering sttuette of 4t to #$3r'hty (fl%on$heded,

wering the &olr dis' with the reus!

1D



The 8yrmidion of the ?ing-s writer 8wty from the ne%ropolis of &r) <+< ynsty, now in

the #iF'smuseum vn /udheden of Leiden***

8wty 'neeling nd m'ing dortions to #$3r'hty enthroned (fl%on$heded, wering the &olr

dis' with the reus!) on the top, the &un rising from the 3ori>on

1E



8yrmidion of #mose, from the top of one of the two smll pyrmids in the Tomb Comple= (three

tombs, TT E, TT 212 nd TT 250! of #mose, Hest -set-$Thebes)

now in the 9gyptin 4useum of Torino***

#mose lived during the reign of the "ret ?ing #mses ++, nd ws .&%ribe in the 3ouse (the

.Temple of 4illions of ;ers! of 4en'heperu# (Thutmosis +7!, .Tresurer in %hief of the3ouse of 4en'heperu#, .ire%tor of the dministrtion in the deprtment of the dire%tor of the

seled things, .&%ribe %%ountnt of the livesto%' of Amon$#, .Assistnt s%ribe for the

%orresponden%e of the 3ereditry 8rin%e, .&ervnt in the domin of Amon$#, nd

.Administrtor of the funerry domin in the fields of Amon$#*

#mose stnding nd m'ing dortions to #$3r'hty$Atum (fl%on$heded, wering the &olr

dis' with the reus nd holding the -An'h-!:

(bove nd before #$3r'hty$Atum!

#$3r'hty$Atum, Lord of the Two Lnds, 3e of /n$3eliopolis, the "ret "od

(below, from right to left!

6y the s%ribe, rightful in ll the disputes, #mose, whose word is right nd true*

(before #mose!

Adoring # t the time of 3is setting in the Hestern 3ori>on of the &'y, by /siris, the s%ribe

(bove!

in the &et of #ighteousness nd Truth

(behind him!

#mose, son of Amonemheb, whose word is right d true*

(below, from left to right!

6y the /siris, the e=%ellent$one of the .+myt$Hret, the s%ribe #mose, whose word is right nd

true

1G



/ne of the two sides of the wooden stele of Ldy Tperet) <<++ ynsty, now in the Louvre

4useum***

Ldy Tperet m'ing offerings nd dortions to the "od #$3r'hty* +n the middle, the ltr with

the offerings) #$3r'hty wers the &olr dis' tht spreds its lotus$li'e rys

on the f%e of Tperet*

/n the top, the &olr /rb with the Two rei (with hnging -An'h-$signs! fln'ed by the Two 9yes*

To the left re represented ppyrus plnts, nd lilies to the right

1@



.Temple of 4illions ;ers of ?ing #mses +++, west -set-$Thebes,

detil from the est tower of the irst 8ylon*

rwing from Lepsius, en'mJler us Aegypten und Aethiopien +++$210!:

?ing #mses +++ (wering the #ed Crown! smiting the rebels ginst 4t, enemies of the "ods

nd of 9gypt, before #$3r'hty* 6ehind the ?ing is represented 3is #oyl -?-$spirit*

#$3r'hty is represented fl%on$heded, wering the &olr dis' with the reus, holding the

-s-$s%epter nd the fl%on$heded -'hepesh-$blde, nd leding %ptives bound by ropes) behind

#$3r'hty, smll imge of /nuri ( 3n4 5rt ! holding the ropes with the bound prisoners (e%h

with nme$ring %ontining the nmes of 9gypt-s %onuered enemies!*

/n the top right, bove the ?ing, the &olr /rb with the Two rei fln'ed by Ne'hbet (t left, in

3er form of vulture! nd 3orus of 6ehdet (t right, in 3is form of fl%on! both spreding Their

wings in prote%tion nd holding the -shen-$ring

20



."ret Temple of ?ing &ethi + t Abydos, Chpel of #$3r'hty, north$west wll, lower register*

The s%ene of the ily #ituls (performed in the +nner &hrines of the Temples! %lled

.ormul for removing the grment ( r n sf6t mn6t !:

?ing &ethi + removing the grment from the %ult sttue of the "od #$3r'hty enthroned*

#$3r'hty in represented fl%on$heded nd mummiform, wering the &olr dis' with the reus

nd holding the -s-$s%epter

21



etil from the stel of the 8rin%ess +sis) from ?optos, now in the 4n%hester 4useum***

The 8rin%ess +sis, dughter of ?ing #mses 7+, "odKs Hife of Amon nd ivine Adortri%e,%ensing nd plying the sistrum before #$3r'hty* &he wers the vulture %p with the ureus,

topped by the vulture nd nother ureus* #$3r'hty is represented mummiform, fl%on$heded,

wering the &olr dis' with the ureus, holding the flil, the -he-$s%epter, nd the %ombined

-Fed-$-An'h-$-s-$s%epter* +n the middle, the ltr with the offerings*

The hieroglyphs bove the 8rin%ess +sis sy:

.+ ply the sistrum before ;our fir f%e, gold is in front of ;ou* 4y ;ou llow me to see the

&unrise*

The /siris, the 3ereditry 8rin%ess, gret of fvours, the "odKs Hife of Amon, the ?ingKs ughter,

the "odKs Adortri%e, +sis, Hhose word is right nd true*

The hieroglyphs bove #$3r'hty sy:

.#$3r'hty, by Hhose shining ll is illuminted, "ret "od, #uler of 9ternity

22



&tele of Nes'honsup'hered, ynsty <<+$<++ (10E0$EBD 6C9!) now in the 9gyptin 4useum of

Torino***

Nes'honsup'hered (wering lrge perfume %one on 3er hed! m'ing dortions to #$

3r'hty$Atum enthroned* The "od is represented fl%on$heded nd mummiform, wering the

&olr dis' with the reus, holding the -3e-$s%epter nd the -An'h-* +n the middle, the ltr with

the -nemset-$Fr nd the lotus flower* To the left, stndrd with the symbol for .9st) to the right,

stndrd with the symbol for .Hest* /n the top, the Hinged &olr /rb with the two rei

(representing 3orus of 6ehdet!*6elow, nturlisti% lnds%pe with trees nd the entrn%e to tomb

2B



&tele of Fed'honsuiuefn', singer of the "od Amon) 10D@$DD 6C9, now in the Louvre

4useum***

Fed'honsuiuefn' 'neeling nd plying n ngle hrp (de%orted with the hed of 8hroh!

before the "od #$3r'hty enthroned (fl%on$heded, wering the &olr dis' with the reus, nd

mummiform!* +n the middle, the ltr with the -nemset-$Fr nd lotus flower* /n the top, the Two9yes

2



Temple of the "oddess 3thor t Nitentore (ender!,

%eiling of the 3ypostyle 3ll, se%ond bnd est*

etil of the s%red brue of #$3r'hty siling %ross the s'y:

to the right, #$3r'hty stnding inside shrine* #$3r'hty is represented fl%on$heded,

wering the &olr dis' with the reus, holding the -An'h- nd the -s-$s%epter)on the stern, fl%on$heded "od steering the s%red brue

25



."ret Temple of ?ing &ethi + t Abydos, south$west wll of the Chpel of #$3r'hty:

s%ene from the ily #itul in honor of #$3r'hty* ?ing &ethi + 'neeling nd offering the s%eptre, %roo', flil, rmlets, nd n'lets to #$3r'hty

(fl%on$heded, wering the &olr dis' with the reus!) #$3r'hty gives the -An'h- with the

-s-$s%epter to the ?ing* 6ehind #$3r'hty is represented the "oddess +uss with 3er right

hnd rised in blessing

2D



"ret Temple of Amon$# t -+pet$&ut- (?rn'!, -set-$Thebes, s%ene from the est hlf of the

north wll of the 3ypostyle 3ll:

?ing &ethi + 'neeling on podium before #$3r'hty (fl%on$heded, wering the &olr dis' with

the reus! enthroned inside shrine (topped by row of rei!*

6ehind the ?ing is represented the "oddess -ret$3e'u-, lioness$heded*6oth #$3r'hty nd -ret$3e'u- hold the yer$stff with whi%h They bestow ubilees (the -3eb$

&ed- signs!, Life, 8rote%tion, nd ominion to the ?ing

2E



&%ene from the .3ouse o 9ternity MTT 1 of &ennedFem,

.&ervnt in the &et of #ighteousness nd Truth (the 7lley of the ?ings! during the reign of ?ing

&ethi + nd the first yers of ?ing #mses ++) Hest -set-$Thebes*

#$3r'hty$Atum (fl%on$heded, wering the &olr dis' with the reus! stnding in 3is s%red

brue* 6efore # is represented the -6enu- bird, the s%red phoeni=, wering the -Atef-$Crown with

rm-s horns) behind 3im, five "ods %lled .the "ods of the "ret 9nned Hho re in the brue

2G



&%ene from the ."ret 3rris 8pyrus, 1150 6C9) now in the 6ritish 4useumO

?ing #mses +++ (wering the Hhite Crown! m'ing dortions to the "ods of the highly s%red

/n$3eliopolis: from right to left, .#$3r'hty "ret "od Lord of the &'y, .Atum Lord of the

Two Lnds of /n$3eliopolis, .+uss Ldy of /n$3eliopolis, nd .3thor Ldy of Nebethetep

(s%red %ity of the "oddess Nebethotepet in the nomeregion of /n$3eliopolis, the 1Bth Lower

9gyptin nome!

&%ene from the .6oo' of Coming orth by y of the priest ?honsumes: ?honsumes pouring

s%red wter on the offerings nd burning in%ense before #$3r'hty$Atum, /siris /nnophris,+sis, nd Nephthys) %* 1000 6C9, now in the Louvre 4useum***

2@



&%ene from the Luynes ppyrus of &erAmon, priest of Amon t -set-$Thebes, <<+ ynsty) now

in the Cbinet des mIdilles***

#$3r'hty$Atum (fl%on$heded, wering the &olr dis' with the reus! enthroned (holding the

-An'h- nd the -3e-$s%epter! nd %rried by four "ods (s%rb$heded t left, nd serpent$heded

t right! in triumphl pro%ession*

6elow the throne, puut in 3is form of s%red wolfF%'l, with the lil) in front of 3im, thefether of 4t

B0



etil from the outer %offin of Tywheryt, wife of the 3igh 8riest of Amon$# t -set-$Thebes,

4shrt, <<+ ynsty:

#$3r'hty enthroned, wering the -Atef-$Crown with rm-s horns nd urei, holding the -An'h-,

the lil, nd the -3e-$s%epter* +n front of 3im, the ltr with the offerings, nd the -6-$soul of

Tywheryt (represented s humn$heded bird! m'ing dortions*

/n the top right, winged -dFt-$9ye with n hnging reus with the -An'h-

B1



Temple of the "od 3orus t 6ehdet (9dfu!, detil from the north wll of the est stir%se:

#$3orus, fl%on$heded nd wering the ouble Crown, nd Amon (wering the &olr dis' with

the two fethers!*rwing from .Le temple d-9dfou by 9* Chssint, plte <<<7+++$i

B2



Temple of the "oddess 3thor t Nitentore (ender!, s%ene from the rer wll (west side!:

-Touyt-, the "oddess of the North, holding up the &'y before #$3r'hty (fl%on$heded, wering

the ouble ethered Crown with the &olr dis'! enthroned*

/n the top of the s'y symbol (where is depi%ted row of strs! is represented the Hinged &olr /rb

(3orus of 6ehdet! with the Two rei (/uto to the left with the #ed Crown, nd Ne'hbet to the

right with the Hhite Crown!

BB



Temple of 4onthu nd #ettwy t Armnt$3ermonthis,

s%ene from the south wll of the +nner 3ll* rwing from Lepsius, .en'meler us Aegypten,

+7$D0*

#$3r'hty enthroned (fl%on$heded, wering the ouble ethered Crown with the &olr dis'!

embr%ing 3orus$# the Child) to the right, Pueen ?leoptr 7++ plying the sistrum nd offering

the -3eb$&ed- (the symbol for the #oyl ubilee! with the .;er$stff

B




s%ene from the inner shrine of the .3ouse of 6irth:

3thor su%'ling +hy$3rsomtou the Child, nd #$3r'hty (fl%on$heded, wering the &olr dis' with the reus! holding the -;er-$stff nd bestowing #oyl ubilees to the Child$"od

B5



The lst two &olr brues represented t the end of the .6oo' of y)

from the .3ouse of 9ternity of ?ing #mses 7 nd 7+, 7lley of the ?ings, ?7@, west -set-$

Thebes*

/n both the &olr brues re represented, from right to left,

"eb (hre$heded!,

.the Ldy of the 6rue,

3orus 3e'enu$3e' &emsu,#, fl%on$heded, wering the &olr dis' nd stnding inside shrine,

3u (fl%on$heded in the &olr brue t left!,

nd &i represented s the rudder*

The &olr brues re represented on the wters of the hevenly Nile, tht is the e%lipti%

BD



The dily Fourney of # during the hours of the dy represented on the Ceiling of the 3ypostyle

3ll of the Temple of the "oddess 3thor t Nitentore (ender!:

detil from the 7 hour of the dy*

+sis (t left! nd Thoth (t right! m'ing dortions to #*

# is represented stnding inside the &un, fl%on$heded, wering the &olr dis' with the reus

nd holding the -s-$&%epter

BE



II 'a&%: Ra a%!&o'o$o&'!c fo&$

."ret Temple of ?ing &ethi + t Abydos, detil from the north$est wll of the Chpel of &ethi +:

# enthroned, mummiform, holding the -s-$s%epter

BG



&%ene from the .6oo' of the iyum:

the "od #) the lower prt of 3is body is hidden in the wters

B@



.Temple of 4illions of ;ers of ?ing &ethi + t west -set-$Thebes,

detil from the north wll (est side! of the &olr Court (<L++!:

#$3r'hty enthroned, wering the &olr dis' with the reus, holding the -An'h-

nd the -s-$s%epter

.Temple of 4illions of ;ers of ?ing &ethi + t west -set-$Thebes,

s%ene from the north wll (est side! of the &olr Court (<L++!:?ing #mses ++ offering wine to #$3r'hty

0



."ret Temple of ?ing &ethi + t Abydos, Chpel of #$3r'hty, north$west wll, lower register*


.ormul for pl%ing the two hnds on the eity ( r n rd4t $y 5r N2r !:

?ing &ethi + pl%ing 3is hnds on the %ult sttue of the "od #$3r'hty enthroned*

#$3r'hty in represented ntropomorphi%, wering the Nemes with the reus nd the &olr dis' with s%red s%rb inside

1



The .6oo' of the 3evenly Cow represented in the .3ouse of 9ternity of ?ing &ethi +, 7lley of

the ?ings, ?71E, west -set-$Thebes*

The "od &hu (in the middle! supporting the "oddess Nut in 3er form of %ow) &hu is ssisted by the

eight -3eh-$"ods (the .+nfinite$/nes!* /n the brue t left, # (wering the &olr dis'! stnding

nd m'ing dortions) on the brue t right, # is represented seted inside shrine*

rwing from .Les hypogIes royu= de ThQbes (6nd 1!: Le tombeu de &Iti +er by 9* LefIbure, plte <7++$d

2



etil from the .6oo' of the 3evenly Cow represented in the .3ouse of 9ternity of ?ing &ethi

+, 7lley of the ?ings, ?71E, west -set-$Thebes

This is the des%ription of the s%ene from the te=t of the .6oo' of the 3evenly Cow (trnsltion

from .The Literture of An%ient 9gypt by ?* &impson!:This spell is to be re%ited over (pi%ture of! %ow t whose %hest is (ins%ribed! RRThe +nSnite /nes

who reKK nd over whose b%' is (ins%ribed! RRThe +nSnite /nes who re,KK whose four hoofs re

filled out in (bl%'! pint nd upon whose belly re plurlity of strs, issuing from its hind$

urters in front of its hind legs, while beneth its belly stnds &hu, pinted in yellow o%her, 3is

rms under these strs, nd ins%ribed with 3is nme between them using the word RR&huKK by itself*

A brue, on whi%h re steering$or nd shrine with solr dis' over it nd # in it, is in front of

&hu ne=t to 3is hnd, while nother version (of brue! is behind 3im ne=t to 3is (other! hnd*

+ts udder is rendered in the middle of its left hind leg, its proSle being drwn in pint in the middle

of this hind leg with the following words (ins%ribed! outside in retrogrde: RR+ m who + m* + will

not let them t'e %tion*KK Hht is (ins%ribed! beneth the brue tht is in front is s follows: RR;ou

shll not grow wery, my son,KK they (the signs! being in retrogrde, nd s follows: RR;our %ondition is li'e tht of one who lives forever,KK nd s follows: RR;our son is in me (or .;our son

m +!* Life, prosperity nd helth be to this your noseKK Hht is (ins%ribed! behind &hu ne=t to 3is

rm is s follows: RRHt%h over themKK Hht is behind 3im t 3is Un' is (ins%ribed! in retrogrde

s follows: RR+t is right tht they (the strs! should enter in when + retire e%h dy*KK Hht is

(ins%ribed! under the rm of the figure tht is beneth the left hind leg nd behind it is s follows:

RR9verything should be seled*KK Hht is (ins%ribed! bove 3is hed, beneth this %owKs hindurters

nd wht is between its hind legs is s follows: RRAs for him who shll go forth*KK Hht is (ins%ribed!

behind the two Sgures tht re between its hind legs nd bove their heds: RRThe ged one is in

-+geret- (the Netherworld!* 8rise is given, moreover, when 3e is introdu%ed*KK Hht is (ins%ribed!

over the heds of the two Sgures tht re between its forelegs: RR(3e who dores! re%titude, 3erer,

&upport of the &'y*

B



&%ene from the Luynes ppyrus of &erAmon, priest of Amon t -set-$Thebes, <<+ ynsty) now

in the Cbinet des mIdilles***

#$3r'hty$Atum enthroned, wering the &olr dis', holding the -3e-$s%epter nd the lil)

behind 3im, the two "oddesses +uss nd Nebethotepet* To the right, the ltr with the offerings*

/n the top, the &olr dis' fln'ed by the Two 9yes with fns



etil from the %offin of Nesy'honsu, %* @ED$GG@ 6C9) now in the Clevelnd 4useum of Art***

A -&em-$priest, wering the leoprd s'in, pouring libtion with the -nemset-$Fr

before #$3r'hty$Atum enthroned, represented mummiform, wering the &olr dis' with the

reus, holding the -3e-$s%epter nd the lil*

/n the top, row of rei with the &olr dis'

5



-Ra Hs fo&$ of D/" C!l#

The dily Fourney of # during the hours of the dy represented on the rie>e of the /uter

3ypostyle 3ll of the Temple of 3orus t 6ehdet (9dfou!:

detil of the form of # during the ++ hour of the dy*

.# of 6ehdet, Lord of the &'y enthroned inside the &un* # is represented in 3is form of ivine

Child, with the sidelo%' of youth nd finger on 3is lips*

rwing from .+ 4onumenti dell- 9gitto e dell Nubi by +ppolito #osellini,6nd ,B, plte <<<7+++

D



&%ene from the -8rologue- of the .6oo' of y represented in the .3ouse of 9ternity of

?ing #mses 7 nd 7+, 7lley of the ?ings, ?7@, west -set-$Thebes:

the &un in the womb of Nut) inside the &un is represented # in 3is form of ivine Child*

Nut is fln'ed by +sis (t left! nd Nephthys (t right! both rising nd lowering Their hnds in

gesture of prote%tion nd dortion

E



etil from the +7 s%ene of the .6oo' of y represented in the .3ouse of 9ternity of

?ing #mses 7 nd 7+, 7lley of the ?ings, ?7@, west -set-$Thebes*The meeting of the &olr brues: t left, the y brue with +sis) t right, the Night brue with

Nephthys* +n the middle, # in 3is form of ivine Child inside the &un nd fln'ed by two rei

representing -4ehen-

G



etil from the lid of the sr%ophgus of ereshnefer, 8riest of the "oddesses 4ut, Nephthys,

&e'hmet, Neith, nd &ti) <<< ynsty (BG0VB00 6C9!) now in the 4etropolitn 4useum***

# in 3is form of ivine Child (with the sidelo%' of youth nd finger on 3is lips! stnding inside

the &un, nd fln'ed by two rei

etil from the lid of the sr%ophgus of ereshnefer, 8riest of the "oddesses 4ut, Nephthys,

&e'hmet, Neith, nd &ti) <<< ynsty (BG0VB00 6C9!) now in the 4etropolitn 4useum***

The meeting of the &olr brues: t left, the y brue) t right, the Night brue* /n the prows,

the "oddess of the 9st (t left, on the y brue! nd the "oddess of the Hest (t right, on the

Night brue! both rising the "od # represented in 3is form of ivine Child stnding inside the

&un nd fln'ed by two rei* The &olr brues re represented on the wters of the hevenly

Nile, tht is the e%lipti%* /n the lower frie>e, four imges of Anubis in 3is form of s%red F%'l%rou%hing upon shrine, with the -se'hem-$s%epter nd the flil

@



etil from %offin dted to the 1000$@5 6C9) now in the 6ritish 4useum***

# in 3is form of ivine Child represented inside the &un nd emerging from the Lotus lower,

fln'ed by the Two 9yes nd by two imges of Neith (tht is the ivine 4other of #! in 3er form

of winged reus spreding 3er wings in prote%tion*

# is represented with the reus on 3is forehed, holding the -3e-$s%epter,

nd with finger on 3is lips) in front of 3im, the reus with the #ed Crown

50



etil from the 8pyrus of Ldy 3eruben, <<+ ynsty) now in the Ciro 4useum*

# in 3is form of ivine Child seted inside the &un, with the reus on 3is forehed, holding the

-3e-$s%epter nd the lil, nd with finger on 3is lips) the &un is en%ir%led by the /uroboros nd

fln'ed by two rms (the symbol for the -?-$spirit!

6elow, -#uty-, the Twin Lion "ods of ;esterdy nd Tomorrow, supporting the &un*

/n the top right, the -dFt-$9ye

51



.3ouse of 6irth of the &n%tury of the "oddess 3thor t Nitentore (ender!,

detil from the se%ond %olumn (lower prt, south outer f%e!:

# in 3is form of ivine Child (bove 3is hed is represented the &olr dis' with the two rei!,

with the sidelo%' of youth nd finger on 3is lips, seted upon lotus flower,

holding the -3e-$s%epter nd the lil*

At left, the "oddess /uto in 3er form of ureus, wering the #ed Crown, nd t right the "oddess

Ne'hbet in 3er form of vulture, wering the -Atef-$Crown, both stnding on the symbol for .gold)

below the "oddess /uto re represented the ppyrus flowers of Lower 9gypt, while below the

"oddess Ne'hbet there re the lilies of pper 9gypt

52



Temple of 3ibis, s%ene from the south wll of the &n%tury A:

.#$3r'hty of &hmoun (3ermopolis 4egle!*

#$3r'hty in 3is form of ivine Child (wering the &olr dis', with the sidelo%' of youth nd

finger on 3is lips! seted upon the 8rimevl Lotus lower*

Around 3im, the eight eities of the /gdod of &hmoun$3ermopolis 4egle (the four "oddesses

re serpent$heded, while the four "ods re frog$heded!*

rwing from .The Temple of 3ibis in 9l ?hWrgeh osis : 8rt +++ by Normn de "ris vies

(plte +7!

5B



Temple of 3ibis, detil from the north wll of the &n%tury A:

#$3r'hty in 3is form of ivine Child seted between the horns of the s%red -4Xt$wrt-$Cow*


(plte +++!

5



The dily Fourney of # during the hours of the dy represented on the %eiling of the 3ypostyle3ll (first strip est! of the Temple of the "oddess 3thor t Nitentore (ender!:

detil from the + hour of the dy*

/n the &olr brue re represented:

in the middle, # in 3is form of ivine Child stnding inside the &un, fln'ed by Nephthys (t left!

nd +sis (t right! both rising nd lowering Their hnds in gesture of prote%tion nd dortion*

6ehind +sis is represented Thoth (ibis$heded! with 3is rms rised in dortion*

/n the stern is represented 4ontu (fl%on$heded! steering the &olr brue

55




3ll of the Temple of Neith nd ?hnum t -+unyt-$Ltopolis (9sn!:

detil from the + hour of the dy*

# is represented in 3is form of ivine Child, seted inside the &un) below, the Hinged &%rb(representing ?hepry! supporting the &un* At right, +sis) t left, Nephthys, both rising nd lowering

Their hnds in gesture of prote%tion nd dortion

5D



III 'a&%: Ra Hs fo&$ of sac&"# falco

The 8yrmidion from the .3ouse of 9ternity of ?honsu MTT2, .&ervnt in the &et of

#ighteousness nd Truth (the 7lley of the ?ings!, son of &ennedFem) now in the 9gyptin

4useum of Torino

#$3r'hty in 3is form of s%red fl%on, wering the &olr dis' with the reus, represented onthe symbol for .3ori>on) before 3im, n reus with the Hhite Crown

5E




detil from the frie>e of the west wll of the se%ond est %hpel of /siris (one of the three %hpels

%lled the .3ouse of Life of the sttues! lo%ted on the roof of the Temple nd representing the

-6-$souls of the "ods of the nomes of Lower 9gypt prote%ting /siris:

#$3r'hty of /n$3eliopolis ( 3$n$, %pitl %ity of the <+++ nome of Lower 9gypt, .8rospering

&%epter$3eliopolites! represented s fl%on spreding 3is wings in prote%tion of /siris*

#$3r'hty is represented per%hed on the symbol for .gold, with fn nd lrge -s-$hieroglyph

topped by bird per%hed on the sign for -%nl-, nd wering the &olr dis'*

rwing from A* 4riette, .enderh, des%ription gInIrle, +7$B

5G



8yrmidion of #mose, from the top of one of the two smll pyrmids in the Tomb Comple= (three

tombs, TT E, TT 212 nd TT 250! of #mose, Hest -set-$Thebes)

now in the 9gyptin 4useum of Torino***

#mose m'ing dortions to #$3r'hty represented in 3is form of s%red fl%on wering the

&olr dis' with the reus*

(bove nd before #$3r'hty!

#$3r'hty, "ret "od, Lord of the &'y

(below, from right to left!

for the good of 3is 4Festy, by the #oyl &%ribe of the -+myt$Hret- (nme of tem of priests, or

lso nme for the ne%ropolis!, beloved by his ?ing, #mose, whose word is right nd true*

(before #mose!

Adoring # t the time of 3is rising in the 9stern 3ori>on of the &'y, by

(bove!

/siris, the s%ribe of 4t(behind him!

in the &et of #ighteousness nd Truth (the 7lley of the ?ings!, #mose, whose word is right nd

true

(below, from left to right!

6y he who 'nows 4t (the "oddess of #ighteousness nd Truth!, he who hs put 3er in his hert,

the s%ribe who e=%els in 'nowledge, #mose*

5@



-Ra as a !+$a-!"a#"# falco

The dily Fourney of # during the first two hours of the dy represented on the %eiling of the .8ure

8l%e (the .Chpel of the New ;er! of the Temple of the "od 3orus t 6ehdet (9dfou!*

rwing from 9* Chssint, YLe temple d-9dfouY, plte <<<+++$% *

/n the upper register, the &olr brue of the + hour of the dy: # is represented inside the &un, s

humn$heded fl%on wering the &olr dis' with the two fethers)

on the lower register, the &olr brue of the ++ hour of the dy: # is represented enthroned inside

the &un, in 3is form of ivine Child, wering the &olr dis' with the reus

D0



-Ra as a &a$-!"a#"# falco

etil from the .3ouse of 9ternity of ?ing &i8th, 7lley of the ?ings, ?7E,

west -set-$Thebes*

# in 3is form of rm$heded fl%on representing .the -6-$&oul of #, depi%ted inside the &un

D1



I0 'a&%: Ra Hs fo&$ of sac&"# ca%

etil of f%simile pinting of s%ene represented in the .3ouse of 9ternity

of &ennedFem (Hest -set$Thebes-, TT1!:

the "od # in 3is form of s%red %t slughtering with 3is 'nife the %ursed pophis (the enemy of

the "ods! represented in his form of sn'e, under the s%red perse tree of /n$3eliopolis

D2



.The "ret Ct, Hho ppers in the imge of #:the Almighty &un "od # represented s "ret Ct slughtering with 3is 'nives the %ursed sn'e

pophis, the enemy of the "ods: its body is riddled with stb wounds, from where its blood flows

out, whilst its hed, in whi%h is lrge %ut, is fi=ed firmly on the ground by the pw of the "ret

Ct* The "ret Ct smiles whilst slying the %ursed sn'e*

r om the .3ouse of 9ternity of N'htAmon, TTBB5, Hest -set-$Thebes*

N'htAmon lived during the reign of ?ing #mses ++) he ws s%ulptor in the .&et of Truth (the

7lley of the ?ings! nd -b-$8riest of the deified ?ing Amenhotep +) son of 8iy who, li'e

himself, ws s%ulptor in the .7lley of the ?ings, nd of the ldy Neferet'hu, .Ldy of the

3ouse* N'htAmon- s wife is Nebuemsheset, dughter of 8%hed nd of the Ldy 4'hi

DB



The "od # represented in 3is form of the ."ret Ct of /n$3eliopolis slughtering with 3is

'nife the %ursed pophis (the enemy of the "ods! in his form of sn'e, under the s%red perse tree

of /n$3eliopolis, nd pl%ing 3is right front pw on the sn'e-s hed*

&%ene from the .3ouse of 9ternity of +nher'hu son of 3y (TTB5@!, member of fmily of

leders of the %rftsmen of the .8l%e of #ighteousness nd Truth (the .7lley of the ?ings!*

+nher'hu ws .oremn in the 8l%e of #ighteousness nd Truth in the west of Thebes nd

.ire%tor of the wor's of the Lord of the Two Lnds

during the reigns of #mses +++ nd #mses +7

D



-Ra as a ca%-!"a#"# $a

Temple of 3ibis, detil from the west wll of the &n%tury A:

the "od #$3r'hty, %t$heded nd mummiform, holding n egg in 3is hnds*


(plte ++!

D5



0 'a&%: Ra as a lo-!"a#"# $a

Temple of 3ibis, s%ene from the west wll of the &n%tury A:

the ?ing burning in%ense nd pouring libtion before two imges of the "od #$3r'hty, both

lion$heded (the one t left wers the &olr dis' nd holds the -s-$s%epter nd 'nife, while the

one t right holds the -An'h-, the flil, nd the -s-$s%epter!*


(plte ++!

DD





detil from the +< hour*

# is represented lion$heded, wering the &olr dis' with the reus, holding little bboon on

3is left nd the -An'h- in the right*

/n the stern, 3orus steering the solr brue

DE



-Ra Hs fo&$ of !"&acos'!.



detil of the form of # during the +++ hour*

.# of 6ehdet, Lord of the &'y s hier%osphin= upon lotus flower, represented inside the &un*

rwing from .+ 4onumenti dell- 9gitto e dell Nubi by +ppolito #osellini,

6nd ,B, plte <<<+<

DG



"ret Temple of Amon, #$3r'hty, 8th, nd #mses ++ t 4eh, Lower ?ushNubi (now

'nown s .the "ret Temple of Abu &imbel!,

detil from the doorwy of the "ret 3ll leding to the &e%ond 3ll of the Temple:

?ing #mses ++ offering sttuette of 4t to #$3r'hty, represented s hier%osphin=

%rou%hing* +n the middle, two ltrs with the -nemset-$Frs

D@



0I 'a&%: Ra Hs sac&"# fo&$s of calf a# *+ll

etil from the .3ouse of 9ternity of +rynefer, .&ervnt in the &et of #ighteousness nd Truth

(the 7lley of the ?ings! during the reign of ?ing #mses ++) Hest set$Thebes (TT2@0!*

# in 3is form of white %lf s the son of the Celestil Cow, the "oddess Nut

E0



&%ene from the .3ouse of 9ternity of +rynefer, Hest set$Thebes (TT2@0!*

+rynefer nd his wife 4ehyt'hti m'ing dortions to # represented in 3is form of s%red white%lf stnding in between two turuoise sy%mores (.the two turuoise sy%mores between whi%h #

goes forth, spell C+< of the .6oo' of Coming orth by y!* Above 3im, the &olr dis'

E1



&%ene from the .3ouse of 9ternity (TT1! of &ennedFem, Hest -set-$Thebes (TT1!*

# in 3is form of white %lf with bl%' mr'ings stnding in between two turuoise sy%mores (%fr*spell C+< of the .6oo' of Coming orth by y!) on 3is b%' 3e %rries the de%esed (with

green f%e s symbol of rebirth!* To the right, #$3r'hty$Atum, fl%on$heded nd wering the

&olr dis' with the reus* /n the top left, the &olr dis'

E2



etil from the .Luynes ppyrus of &erAmon, priest of Amon t -set-$Thebes, <<+ ynsty)

now in the Cbinet des mIdilles***

#$3r'hty$Atum represented s s%red bull) in front of 3im, the ltr with the offerings

&%ene from the .Luynes ppyrus of &erAmon, priest of Amon t -set-$Thebes, <<+ ynsty)

now in the Cbinet des mIdilles***

on the top, #$3r'hty$Atum represented s s%red bull) in the middle, +uss$Nebethotepet s

s%red %ow) in the lower register, s%red bull %lled .the 4ysterious -6-$&oul Hho rises in the primordil o%en

EB



0II 'a&%: Ra Hs fo&$s of sac&"# *a*oo a# *a*oo-!"a#"# $a



detil from the 7++ hour*

# is represented s bboon wering the &olr dis' with s%rb nd shooting bow) bove 3im,

Ne'hbet in 3er form of s%red vulture spreding 3er wings in prote%tion*


E





detil from the 7+++ hour*

# is represented bboon$heded, holding the -An'h- nd the -s-$s%epter*


E5



0III 'a&%: Ra Hs fo&$ of sac&"# s"&'"%

Temple of the "oddess 3thor t Nitentore (ender!, %eiling of the 3ypostyle 3ll, detil from the

estermost strip: .#somtou Hho resides in Nitentore (ender!*

#somtou ( !"sm"t$y , .# the nifier of the Two Lnds! represented in 3is form of s%red

serpent rising from the gret lotus flower within s%red brue*

3rsomtou ( 7r"sm"t$y, .3orus the nifier of the Two Lnds! in 3is form of the &erpent &ite

(s"t, the .&on of the 9rth! is identified with #, nd in this spe%t is often %lled .#somtou

ED



I1 'a&%: Ra as a c&oco#l"-!"a#"# $a

&%ene from the .6oo' of the iyum:the "od # enthroned, %ro%odile$heded, mummiform, wering the &olr dis' with two urei

EE



&%ene from the .6oo' of the iyum:the "od #, %ro%odile$heded, wering the .Crown of "eb ( %omposite #ed Crown with the

-Atef-!, holding the -An'h- nd the -s-$s%epter, enthroned in the &olr brue (with rm-s hed

wering the &olr dis' with the ureus represented t the bow nd stern!* /n the throne of # is

depi%ted the symbol for .nion of the Two Lnds* +n front of #, the "oddess -4eret- of pper

9gypt m'ing dortions* 6ehind # nd behind -4eret-, %rou%hing lion with tree

EG



-Ra Hs fo&$ of sac&"# c&oco#l"

&%ene from the .6oo' of the iyum:the "od # represented s %ro%odile with mummy on 3is b%'* /n the top, three %offins, e%h

with tree on the lid*

rwing from .s 6u%h vom yum by 3* 6einli%h (pge 11!

E@



1 'a&%: Ra as a &a$-!"a#"# $a

."ret Temple of ?ing &ethi + t Abydos, detil from the ++ 3ypostyle 3ll:

the "od #$3r'hty enthroned, rm$heded, wering the &olr dis', holding the -An'h- nd the

.;er$stff with the -Fed-$pillr nd the -An'h-* /n the throne is represented the symbol for

.nion of the Two Lnds) on its bse, row of -s-$s%epters nd -An'h-$signs

G0





the form of # during the +7 hour*

.# of 6ehdet, Lord of the &'y, rm$heded, holding the -An'h- nd the -s-$s%epter, nd

stnding inside the &un*

rwing from .+ 4onumenti dell- 9gitto e dell Nubi by +ppolito #osellini, 6nd ,B, plte

<<<+<

G1



."ret Temple of ?ing &ethi + t Abydos, Chpel of #$3r'hty, north$est wll, lower register*


.ormul for untying the sel ( r n sf6 !:

?ing &ethi + 'neeling nd m'ing dortions to the %ult sttue of the "od #$3r'hty enthroned

inside shrine* #$3r'hty in represented rm$heded, wering the &olr dis' with the reus nd

holding the -s-$s%epter nd the -An'h-

G2



Temple of Neith nd ?hnum t -+unyt- (9sn!,

detil from the north$west wll of the 3ypostyle 3ll:

the ?ing, the 9mperor Commodus (wering the .Crown of "eb! offering bouuet of flowers to

the "od #$3r'hty enthroned* #$3r'hty is represented rm$heded, wering the &olr Crown

with the reus

GB



&%ene from the .3ouse of 9ternity of Pueen Nefertri, 7lley of the Pueens,

P7DD, west -set-$Thebes: the "od #, rm$heded (with green s'in!, mummiform, nd wering

the &olr dis') 3e is fln'ed by +sis (t right! nd Nephthys (t left! both rising nd loweringTheir hnds in gesture of prote%tion nd dortion

G




3ll of the Temple of the "oddess 3thor t Nitentore (ender!,

detil of the +7 hour:

6stet (t left! nd Thoth (t right! m'ing dortions to # (rm$heded, holding the -An'h- nd

the -s-$s%epter! represented stnding inside the &un

G5



-%!" “fl"s! of Ra” %!" “2oo3s of %!" N"%!"&,o&l#”

The first two &olr brues represented t the beginning of the .6oo' of Night

in the .3ouse of 9ternity of ?ing #mses 7 nd 7+,

7lley of the ?ings, ?7@, west -set-$Thebes*

/n both the &olr brues re represented, from right to left:

ivine Child seted on the bow,

&i,

shrine surrounded by the serpent 4ehen,

nd 3u*+nside the shrine is represented the .flesh of #, rm$heded, wering the &olr dis' nd holding

the -s-$s%epter)

in front of 3im, 4t offering the -An'h-*

6ehind the "oddess, serpent stnding on 3is til*

/n the lower register, two rows of &tr "ods towing the &olr brues)

on both s%enes, They re heded by the "urdin "od of the brue nd by the ?ing (bove 3im is

represented the &olr /rb with the two rei!

GD



etil from the s%red .6oo' of "tes (first division, se%ond hour!, represented in the .3ouse of

9ternity of ?ing #mses +7, 7lley of the ?ings, ?72, Hest -set-$Thebes:

on the s%red brue is represented ?ing #mses +7 'neeling nd offering sttuette of 4t (tht

is the offering of #ighteousness nd Truth! to the .flesh of #* # is represented in 3is rm$

heded form, wering the &olr dis', nd stnding inside shrine enveloped nd prote%ted by thes%red serpent 4ehen) 3e holds the -An'h- (the symbol of Life! in 3is right nd the -s-$s%epter of

8ower nd ominion in 3is left) before 3im there is nother s%red serpent, stnding on his til*

/n the stern is represented -3e'- ("od of 4gi% nd 8ower!, nd on the bow &i (the "od of

per%eption!) to the right, eity towing the s%red brue

GE



etil from the ++ division (+++ hour! of the s%red .6oo' of "tes,

from the .3ouse of 9ternity of ?ing #mses +, 7lley of the ?ings, ?71D, Hest -set-$Thebes:

on the s%red brue, from right to left,

3e',

the .flesh of #, rm$heded, wering the &olr dis', holding the -An'h- nd the -s-$s%epter, nd

stnding in shrine en%ir%led by the prote%tive serpent 4ehen) in front of 3im, there is nother

s%red serpent stnding on 3is til,

nd &i*

To the left, one of four "ods %lled .Those of the ut (one of the nmes of the Netherworld!

towing the s%red brue*

To the right, the open lef of the gte, nd its gurdin, s%red serpent stnding on his til

GG



etil from the fourth division (fifth hour! of the .6oo' of "tes represented in the .3ouse of

9ternity of ?ing 4eren8th, 7lley of the ?ings, ?7G, west -set-$Thebes*

/n the s%red brue re represented, from right to left:

3e', the .flesh of #, nd &i* The .flesh of #is represented rm$heded, wering the &olr

dis', holding the -s-$s%epter, stnding in shrine en%ir%led by the prote%tive serpent 4ehen)

inside the shrine, in front of 3im, there is nother s%red serpent stnding on his til*

To the right, "od towing the s%red brue

G@



-Ra Hs fo&$ of fo+&-fac"# &a$

The dily Fourney of # during the hours of the dy represented on the rie>e of the /uter 3ypostyle 3ll of the Temple of 3orus t 6ehdet (9dfou!:

detil from the 7+ hour*

The "od .# of 6ehdet, Lord of the &'y represented s four$f%ed rm (with the -Atef-$Crown!

inside the &un*

rwing from .+ 4onumenti dell- 9gitto e dell Nubi by +ppolito #osellini, 6nd ,B, plte <L+

@0



1I 'a&%: %!" S+ ,%! %!" fo&$s of Ra

.The "od-s pssge of the wy of &hu (the 9ntrn%e$"te! of the .3ouse of 9ternity of ?ing

4eren8th (<+< ynsty!: the two "oddesses +sis (t left! nd Nephthys (t right! m'ing

dortions to the &un with s%red s%rb nd rm$heded "od represented inside

etil from the 9ntrn%e "te of the .3ouse of 9ternity of ?ing 4eren8th, 7lley of the ?ings

(?7 G!, Hest -set-$Thebes: the "oddess Nephthys m'ing dortions to the &un with rm$heded "od represented inside

@1



&%ene from the .3ouse of 9ternity of ?ing #mses <, 7lley of the ?ings (?7 1G!,

Hest -set-,$Thebes* rwing from .+ monumenti dellK9gitto e dell Nubi by +ppolito #ossellini*

A double representtion of ?ing #mses < 'neeling in dortion before the &un nd offering to

3im the 9ye of # (the right eye! nd the -dFt-$9ye (the left eye, the 9ye of 3orus!) inside the &unis represented the s%red s%rb nd rm$heded "od* At left nd t right, behind the ?ing, the

two "oddesses +sis (t left! nd Nephthys (t right! m'ing dortions

&%ene from the 9ntrn%e "te of the .3ouse of 9ternity of ?ing &i8th,

7lley of the ?ings (?7 E!, Hest -set-$Thebes:

the Two "oddesses +sis (t left! nd Nephthys (t right! 'neeling nd m'ing dortions to the &un

with s%red s%rb nd rm$heded "od represented inside

@2



1II 'a&%: “T!" L%a4 of Ra”

-I%&o#+c%o:

The .Litny of # is one of the most importnt religious te=ts dedi%ted to the "od # nd 3is

worship: it is litny of divine nmes tht %%ompnies the figures of EE5 forms of #*

Among the vrious forms of # listed in the Litny, there re lso some eities tht here re prised

s spe%ts or mnifesttions of #: &hy, ?hepry, Nun, Atum, &hu, Tefnut, Nut, "eb, +sis,

Nephthys, nd 3orus*

Con%erning the i%onogrphy of # in the Litny, most of 3is forms re represented with

mummiform body) of these, most re nthropomorphi%, nd the others re %omposite

nthropomorphi% forms (for e=mple, rm$heded, fl%on$heded, nd s%rb$heded!* Among the

other forms of # represented in the Litny there re: the rm, the %t, the s%rb, the &olr dis'

sso%ited with other forms, the 9ye of #, nd lso &t'e to whi%h is tied prisoner*

+t is importnt to note tht some forms of # re represented only in the Litny, nd therefore re

not listed in the %olle%tion of imges presented in the previous pges) nd t the sme time, some of

the forms of # presented in the previous pges re missing in the Litny: for e=mple, #

nthropomorphi% nd lion$heded, s hier%osphin=, s ivine Child, s %ro%odile nd s

%ro%odile$heded mn* 3en%e in the Litny of #, t lest %on%erning the i%onogrphy, re listed

nd prised only some of the forms of #, nd not ll: s the Title sys, the Litny %ontins the

forms of # relted to 3is worship in *mente (tht is to sy, not the forms of # in *mente, but the

forms of # tht re prised in *mente!*

The .Litny of # is 'nown in two different versions: the ."ret Litny nd the .Little Litny*

The nmes of the forms of # in the two versions re the sme, nd the imges re lmost identi%l*

The only differen%e is the order in whi%h they re listed*

The ."ret Litny is %omposed of two se%tions: in the first se%tion re eulogi>ed E5 forms of #,

e%h one with n invo%tion nd prise) the se%ond se%tion is devoted to the worship of # in

*mente nd to the mysti% union of the ?ing with # nd /siris: .?ing N is #, nd re%ipro%lly* 3e

is the -6-$&oul of /siris*

The oldest 'nown te=t of the ."ret Litny is represented on the shroud of ?ing Thutmosis +++,

gift dedi%ted to 3im by 3is son nd su%%essor, ?ing Amenhotep ++* +ts first %omplete

representtion is from the .3ouse of 9ternity of ?ing &ethi +) others %opies re from the tombs of

@B



#mses ++, 4eren8th, Amenmesses, &i8th, &ethi ++, #mses +++, #mses +7 nd #mses +< (in

shortened version!) nd some prts of it re ins%ribed lso on the sr%ophgi of the Lte 8eriod* The

."ret Litny is represented lso on the wlls of the gret Temples of 9gypt: t Abydos, in the

de%ortions dted to the reign of 4eren8th in the /sireion nd in the .Temple of 4illions of

yers of #mses ++, nd t -+pet$sut-, in the edifi%e of Thr nd in the Chpel of 3'oris* &ome

e=tr%ts re lso ins%ribed in the Nilometer of #od*

+n the .3ouses of 9ternity the ."ret Litny is ins%ribed on the wlls of the first two %orridors: it

begins on the left wll, from the first %orridor, 'nown s .the pssge of # or .the first "od-s

pssge of the &un-s pth (%orridor 6 %%ording to the modern designtions!, to the end of the

se%ond %orridor, 'nown s .&e%ond "od-s pssge (%orridor C!) nd it %ontinues on the right wll,

from the end of the se%ond %orridor, to the beginning of the first %orridor*

6efore the Title there re two s%enes tht re the -8rologue- of the ."ret Litny: the ?ing m'ingdortions to #$3r'hty, nd the des%ent of # into the Netherworld* +n the ltter s%ene, is

represented the &un with s%rb nd rm$heded "od inside) bove the &olr dis' there is

serpent, nd on the right %orner the hed of bublis or of n ntelope with n horn or tor%h or

serpent between the horns) below the &olr dis' there is %ro%odile, nd on the right %orner the

hed of the sme niml depi%ted bove*

The Title of the ."ret Litny is:

.6eginning of the 6oo' of the Adortion of # in *mente nd of the Adortion of the /ne oined

Together in *mente*

The #ubri% sys:

.Hhen this 6oo' is being re%ited, these imges must be pinted on the ground, t night*

This 6oo' represents the vi%tory of # over 3is enemies in *mente* +t is useful for mn upon

9rth, nd it is useful for him fter his buril*

The .Little Litny is shortened version of the ."ret Litny with E nmes nd forms of # but

without invo%tions*

The .Little Litny is represented in the .3ouses of 9ternity of mny ?ings, su%h s Thutmosis

+++, &ethi +, #mses +++ nd others*

The #ubri% sys:

.This spell is to be re%ited to every "od, nd these must be depi%ted e=%tly s those on the two

side$wlls of the Netherworld, while the two prts must be pl%ed on them s ivine %tion* Then

;ou re -6-$soul s the se%ond self of #, the 3eir of the -Feb- of the /ne oined Together*

This boo' is to be re%ited every dy when # goes to rest in the Hest, e=%tly nd %orre%tly*

@



$T!" 5P&olo+"5 of %!" “G&"a% L%a4”

The first s%ene from the -8rologue- of the ."ret Litny of # represented in the .3ouse of

9ternity of ?ing 4eren8th, ?7G: ?ing 4eren8th m'ing dortions to #$3r'hty (fl%on$heded, wering the &olr dis' with the reus!

@5



The se%ond s%ene from the -8rologue- of the ."ret Litny of # represented in the .3ouse of

9ternity of ?ing &i8th, ?7E: the des%ent of # into the Netherworld*rom .The Tomb of &i8hth by 9* 3rold ones

@D



etil from the se%ond s%ene of the -8rologue- of the ."ret Litny of # represented in the

.3ouse of 9ternity of ?ing &i8th, ?7E:

the &un with s%rb nd rm$heded "od represented inside

@E



$T!" fo&$s of Ra %!" “G&"a% L%a4”

(The imges re from the Temple of ?ing #mses ++ t Abydos) drwings from .Abydos:

des%ription des fouilles, 6nd 2, by A* 4riette* The trnsltions of the invo%tions re t'en from

.The Litny of #e by A* 8in'off!

rom right to left:

1, .the /ne oined Together ) B, .3e t the hed of 3is Cvern ) 5, .3e Hho prote%ts the -6w-$

souls ) E, . the Hind to the -6w-$souls ) @, .the r'ened /ne ) @ , .The -6-$&oul of #

(without invo%tion!

rom left to right:

2, .the 6e%oming /ne (-?hepry-! ) , .# of the &olr is' ) D, .&evere %e ) G, .3e Hho punishes with the &t'e ) 10, .3e Hho gives the light to the bodies

@G



6$ "lory be to Thee, oh #, &upreme 8ower,

Lord of the Cverns of the -ut-, 3e Hhose forms re hidden, 3e Hho goes to rest into the

mysteries when 3e trnsforms 3imself into the /ne oined Together*


this 6e%oming /ne (-?hepry-! Hho folds 3is wings, 3e Hho goes to rest in the -ut-, nd

trnsforms 3imself into 3e Hho %omes out of 3is /wn members*


9=lted 9rth Hho gives birth to 3is "ods, 3e Hho prote%ts wht is in 3im, 3e Hho trnsforms

3imself into 3e t the hed of 3is Cvern*


3e Hho m'es the 9rth visible, 3e Hho gives light to those in *mente, 3e Hhose forms re 3is

beings, when 3e trnsforms 3imself into 3is "ret &olr is' (in #mses ++: 3is form is 3is be%oming, when 3e %ontinuously %omes into being s 3is "ret &olr is'!*

$ "lory be to Thee, oh #, &upreme 8ower,

-6-$&oul Hho spe's, 3e Hho rests on 3is bn', 3e Hho prote%ts the -6w-$souls of those of

*mente while they brethe through 3im*

;$ "lory be to Thee, oh #, &upreme 8ower,

niue /ne, &evere %e (in Thutmosis +++: 8owerful 3ert!, oined to 3is body, 3e Hho %lls 3is

"ods while pssing through the mysterious %verns of the -ut-*

<$ "lory be to Thee, oh #, &upreme 8ower,

3e Hho %lls 3is 9ye, 3e Hho spe's to 3imself 3e Hho gives the wind to the -6w-$souls in

their pl%es, nd they re%eive their breth*

=$ "lory be to Thee, oh #, &upreme 8ower,

Coming -6-$&oul, 3e Hho nnihiltes 3is enemies, 3e Hho de%rees the punishment of the ded*

>$ "lory be to Thee, oh #, &upreme 8ower,

r'ened /ne in 3is Cvern, 3e Hho de%rees tht there be dr'ness in the Cvern whi%h hides

3im Hho is in it*

6?$ "lory be to Thee, oh #, &upreme 8ower,

3e Hho gives the light to the bodies, 3e Hho is on the hori>on, 3e Hho enters 3is Cvern*

@@



rom right to left,

11, .Atum ) 1B, .&hu ) 15, ."eb ) 1E, .+sis ) 1@, .3orus

rom left to right,

12, .the 6e%oming /ne (-?hepri-! ) 1, .Tefnut ) 1D, .Nut ) 1G, .Nephthys ) 20, .Nun

100




3e Hho ppro%hest to the Cverns of 3e t the hed of *mente*

Thou rt the forms of Atum*


3e Hho %omes to wht Anubis hides*

Thou rt the forms of the 6e%oming /ne (?hepri!*


3e Hhose e=isten%e is longer thn tht of &he Hho hides 3er +mges*

Thou rt the forms of &hu*


3e Hho is led towrds the members*

Thou rt the forms of Tefnut*6$ "lory be to Thee, oh #, &upreme 8ower,

3e Hho gives orders to the Time "ods t Their time*

Thou rt the forms of "eb*

6;$ "lory be to Thee, oh #, &upreme 8ower,

the "ret /ne of re%'onings of wht is in 3im*

Thou rt the forms of Nut*

6<$ "lory be to Thee, oh #, &upreme 8ower,

3e Hho goes lwys towrds 3im Hho pre%edes 3im (in &ethi ++: Lord of mnifesttions of wht

is in 3is hed!,

Thou rt the forms of +sis*

6=$ "lory be to Thee, oh #, &upreme 8ower,

3ed more shining thn those before 3im*

Thou rt the forms of Nephthys*

6>$ "lory be to Thee, oh #, &upreme 8ower,

the Crter of the %retures (in &ethi ++: iller of the members!,

the niue$one,

3e Hho unites the genertive substn%es,

Thou rt the forms of 3orus*


&hper,

3e Hho shines in the flood*

Thou rt the forms of Nun*

101



rom right to left,

21, .the Heeper ) 2B, .Those of the -Adw-$fish ) 25, .Netwty ) 2E, .Amente (the

HestNetherworld! ) 2@, .the 4ourner

rom left to right,

22, .The e%omposed /ne ) 2, .the ivine 9ye ) 2D, .the "ret #m ) 2G, .3e of the Cvern )

B0, .3idden 4embers

102




8rote%tor of Nun, 3e Hho %omes out of 3imself*

Thou rt the forms of the Heeper*


3e of the two %obrs, ornmented with two plumes*

Thou rt the bodies of the e%omposed /ne*


3e Hho enters nd %omes out, 3e Hho %omes out nd enters, 3e Hho belongs to 3is mysterious

nd hidden Cvern*

Thou rt the forms of the -Adu-$fish (the flthed mullet !


-6-$&oul to Hhom is presented wht 3e l%'s*Thou rt the forms of the ivine 9ye*


Arising -6-, niue /ne Hho prote%ts 3is %hildren*

Thou rt the forms of -Netwty-*


3e Hho rises 3is hed, 3e with high horns*

Thou rt the #m, "ret of forms*


seed of &hu in *mente*

Thou rt the forms of Amente*


&eeing -6- in *mente*

Thou rt the forms of 3e of the Cvern*


3e Hho belongs to wiling, -6- of the Heeper*

Thou rt the forms of the 4ourner*


the /ne with the rm whi%h %omes out, 3e Hho is prised for 3is 9ye*

Thou rt the forms of 3idden 4embers*

10B



rom right to left,

B1, .3e t the hed of those of *mente ) BB, .3e of the Ct (%t$heded nd not humn$heded s

in this plte!) B5, .3e of the Coffin ) BE, .&hy ) B@, .3idden 6odies

rom left to right,

B2, .the 9ver$6e%oming ) B, .the 9Fe%tor ) BD, .3e Hho %uses to brethe ) BG, .the #esting-6-$&oul) 0, .the lming /ne

10




the Arising /ne towrds the 4ysterious #egion*

Thou rt the forms of 3e t the hed of *mente*


3e of mny forms in the &%red Chmber*

Thou rt the forms of the 9ver$6e%oming*


3e Hho pl%es 3is enemies in their bonds*

Thou rt the forms of 3e of the Ct*


3e Hho shines in the 4ysterious 8l%e*

Thou rt the forms of the 9Fe%tor*8$ "lory be to Thee, oh #, &upreme 8ower,

3e Hho dorns the bodies,

3e Hho m'es the throt brethe*

Thou rt the forms of 3e of the Coffin*


3e Hho %lls the bodies in *mente: they brethe nd their de%y is rrested*

Thou rt the forms of 3e Hho %uses to brethe*


4ysterious %e, Leder of the ivine 9ye*

Thou rt the forms of &hy*


Lord of Arising, 3e Hho %omes to rest in *mente*

Thou rt the forms of the #esting -6-*


3e of the hidden forms to those mong whom 3e is*

Thou rt the forms of the 3idden forms*


&touter hert thn those who follow 3im, 3e Hho sends flmes into the 8l%e of estru%tion*

Thou rt the forms of the lming /ne*

105



rom right to left,

1, .3e of the -ut- ) B, .3e with #essembled 4embers ) 5, .8rovider of the 9rth ) E, .the

7enerble /ne ) @, .the Trveller

rom left to right,

2, .the 6rillint /ne ) , .the 3idden /ne ) D, .the ubilting /ne ) G, .3e Hhose wys re

%orre%t ) 50, .the Lightning /ne

10D




3e Hho de%rees destru%tion, 3e Hho %retes breth mong 3is forms in *mente,

Thou rt the forms of 3e of the -ut-*


the Honderful /ne Hho dwells in 3is 9ye, 6rillint /ne in the 4ysterious #egion,

Thou rt the forms of the 6rillint /ne*


3e with ressembled members, oundtion of 3e in the 9rth*

Thou rt the forms of 3e with #essembled 4embers*


Cretor of hidden things, "enertor of bodies*

Thou rt the forms of the 3idden /ne*9$ "lory be to Thee, oh #, &upreme 8ower,

3e Hho hs provided those in *mente when pssing the 4ysterious Cverns*

Thou rt the forms of the 8rovider of the 9rth*


;our members Fubilte when they see ;our forms,

;our -6- is glorified when pssing by ;our members*

Thou rt the forms of the ubilting /ne*


7enerble /ne owing to the drippings from 3is whole 9ye, the 9nsouled /ne, for Hhom 3is

"lorious 9ye is being filled*

Thou rt the forms of the 7enerble /ne*


3e Hhose wys re %orre%t in Amente, /pener of the #ods in the 4ysterious #egion*

Thou rt the forms of 3e Hhose wys re %orre%t*


Trveling -6- with pssing steps*

Thou rt the forms of the Trveler*

?$ "lory be to Thee, oh #, &upreme 8ower,

3e Hho gives orders to 3is strs when 3e lights the dr'ness in the Cverns mysterious of forms*

Thou rt the forms of the Lightning /ne*

10E



rom right to left,

51, .4'er of 6odies ) 52, .3idden /ne ) 55, .9levted /ne ) 5D, ."ret Ct ) 5E, .3e Hhose

6rillint 9ye spe's ) D0, .+wty

rom left to right,

5B, .&hining 3orn ) 5, .9=lted orms ) 5G, .istnt -6-$&oul ) 5@, .3igh -6-$&oul

10G




3e Hho %retes the Cverns, 3e Hho %uses the bodies to %ome into being by 3is own de%ree to

3imself* Thou de%reest, oh #, for those who e=ist nd for those who do not e=ist, the ed, the

"ods, the spirits*

Thou rt the forms of the 4'er of 6odies*


4ysterious, 4ysterious, this 3idden /ne Hhose mnifesttions of the 3ed (the &olr dis'! re

li'e 3is imge, 3e Hho %uses those who follow him to pss on

Thou rt the forms of the 3idden /ne*


&hining 3orn, 8illr of the Hest, 3e of the dr'ened loo's when tired*

Thou rt the forms of &hining 3orn*9$ "lory be to Thee, oh #, &upreme 8ower,

with e=lted forms when 3e trverses *mente, nd %uses the -6- in their Cverns to Fubilte*

Thou rt the forms of 9=lted orms*

$ "lory be to Thee, oh #, &upreme 8ower,

3e Hho unites himself to the 6eutiful *mente, t Hhom those of the Netherworld reFoi%e when

seeing 3im*

Thou rt the bodies of the 9levted /ne*


"ret Ct, 8rote%tor of the "ods, udge, 8resident of the Coun%il, 3e t the hed of the 3oly

Cverns, Thou rt the forms of the "ret Ct*


3e Hho tends 3is 9ye nd Hhose brillint 9ye spe's while the bodies re in mourning*

Thou rt the forms of 3e Hhose 6rillint 9ye spe's*

=$ "lory be to Thee, oh #, &upreme 8ower,

3e Hhose -6- is on high, Hhose bodies re hidden, &hining /ne when 3e sees his hidden things*

Thou rt the forms of the istnt -6-*

>$ "lory be to Thee, oh #, &upreme 8ower,

3igh 6 Hho repulses 3is enemies* 3e Hho de%rees the flme ginst the trnsgressors*

Thou rt the forms of the 3igh -6-*

;?$ "lory be to Thee, oh #, &upreme 8ower,

-+wty-, 3e Hho hides the de%omposition, 8ower of the -6w-$souls of the "ods*

Thou rt the forms of -+wty-*

10@



rom left to right,

D1, .3e of the Two Children ) DB, .6l>ing /ne in the 9rth ) D5, .3e of the Cldron ) DE, .The

Ht%hers

rom right to left,D2, .r' %e ) D, .the 6inder ) DD, .9=lted 9rth (-T$tenen-!

110



;6$ "lory be to Thee, oh #, &upreme 8ower,

the "ret 9lder in the Netherworld, ?heper$# Hho be%omes the Two Children,

Thou rt the forms of the Two Chidren*

(the Two Chidren re .the Child of # nd .the 8rimevl 9ssen%e of #!


the "ret Trveler Hho renews the movement, 6rillint -6- of the members, r' %e,

Thou rt the forms of the r' %e*


3e Hho prote%ts 3imself, 3e Hho Fudges the "ods s the 6l>ing /ne, 4ysterious /ne in the

9rth*

Thou rt the forms of the 6l>ing /ne in the 9rth*

;9$ "lory be to Thee, oh #, &upreme 8ower,the Lord of 6onds for 3is enemies, niue /ne, "ret /ne, Chief of 3is she$mon'eys*

Thou rt the forms of the 6inder*


3e Hho orders fire into 3is %ldrons, 3e Hho severs the heds of the nnihilted ones*

Thou rt the forms of 3e of the Cldrons*

;;$ "lory be to Thee, oh #, &upreme 8ower,

"enertor Hho nnihiltes the offspring, niue /ne, 3e Hho e=lts the 9rth by 3is power*

Thou rt the forms of the 9=lted 9rth (-T$tenen-!*

;<$ "lory be to Thee, oh #, &upreme 8ower,

before Hhom the Ht%hers rise, while they on Their stnds do not see their mysteries*

Thou rt the forms of the Ht%hers*

111



At right, DG nd E2, ./utflow nd .the Hl'er (one form with two nmes nd two invo%tions!) t

left, E0 nd E, .#enewer of the 9rth nd .3e of the Temple of the /belis' (one form with two

nmes nd two invo%tions!

rom left to right,D@, .the 6boon of the -ut- ) E1, .9ternl /ne ) EB, .Lord of 4ight ) E5, .Lord of r'ness

112



;=$ "lory be to Thee, oh #, &upreme 8ower,

3e of the -Fent-$Fr of 3even, &tr of the Netherworld, /utflow of 3is mummies*

Thou rt the forms of the /utflow*

;>$ "lory be to Thee, oh #, &upreme 8ower,

the bboons slute Thee, Thou of the esert Lnd, ?heper$# Hho leds the forms,

Thou rt the 6boon of the Netherworld*

<?$ "lory be to Thee, oh #, &upreme 8ower,

#enewer of the 9rth, /pener of wht is therein, &pe'ing 6, #erer of 3is members*

Thou rt the forms of the #enewer of the 9rth*

<6$ "lory be to Thee, oh #, &upreme 8ower,

9ternl /ne Hho burns 3is enemies, lming /ne, lme Hhi%h shoots tongue of fire*

Thou rt the forms of the 9ternl /ne*<7$ "lory be to Thee, oh #, &upreme 8ower,

the Hl'er Hho psses by, 6rillint /ne Hho %retes dr'ness fter 3is light*

Thou rt the forms of the Hl'er*


Lord of 4ight, 3e in 3is /belis', Chief of the "ods Hho re in front*

Thou rt the forms of the Lord of 4ight*


3e of the Temple of the /belis' t 8n$3eliopolis, "ret "od Hho ties together time*

Thou rt the forms of 3e of the Temple of the /belis' t 8n$3eliopolis*


Lord of r'ness, 3e Hho spe's from (revels! 3is 4ysteries, -6- Hho %lls the inhbitnts who

re in their %verns*

Thou rt the forms of the Lord of r'ness*

/h # of the Cverns, oh # Hho %lls those of the Cverns, oh #, 3e Hho is in 3is Cverns*

"lory be to Thee, #, the Hnderer* (to sy four times!

Those of the Cverns py homge to Thee, -6- of the Hnderer* They py homge to 3is -6-, they

dore Thy forms mong whi%h Thou rt* "lory be to the "ret Hnderer* (to sy four times!

11B



The imge of the form of # n* BB of the ."ret Litny:

.3e of the Ct, mummiform nd %t$heded,

represented in the .3ouse of 9ternity of ?ing &ethi +, 7lley of the ?ings, ?7@*

rwing from 9* LefIbure,

.Les hypogIes royu= de ThQbes (6nd 1!: Le tombeu de &Iti +er, plte <7

11



-T!" fo&$s of Ra %!" “L%%l" L%a4”

(the imges re from the .3ouse of 9ternity of ?ing Thutmosis +++ M?7B, ins%ribed on the two

pillrs of the .3ouse of "old wherein one rests, tht is the 6uril %hmber!

rom right to left,

1$.The 6e%oming /ne (-?hepry-!

mummiform, the hed is winged s%rb

2$.# of the &olr is' .3is "ret &olr is'

s%rb represented inside the &olr dis'

B$.&evere %e

mummiform nd rm$heded

$.3e Hho punishes with the &t'e

the &t'e represents #) %ptive is bound to the st'e

5$.3e Hho gives the light to the bodies

mummiform, fl%on$heded nd wering the &olr dis'

D$.The 6e%oming /ne (-?hepri-!

s%rb rising the &un

E$.Tefnut

G$.Nut

@$.Nephthys

10$.Nun

mummiform, with the hed of n horned mmml, nd surrounded by the wters

115



rom right to left,

11$.The e%omposed /ne

12$.The "ret #m

1B$.The ivine 9ye

the 9ye of # (the right eye! in n ovl

1$.3e of the Cvern

15$.3idden 4embers

mummiform nd represented inside n ovl

1D$.The 9ver$be%oming

s%rb$heded

1E$.The 9Fe%tor

ithyphlli%

1G$.3e Hho %uses to brethe

mummiform, with the hed of n horned mmml

1@$.The #esting -6-$&oul20$.The lming /ne

mummiform nd red, with fire springing from 3is hed

11D



rom right to left,

21$.The 6rillint /ne

22$.The 3idden /ne

2B$.The ubilting /ne

2$.3e Hhose wys re %orre%t

25$.The Lightning /ne

s%rb rising the &un

2D$.The &hining 3orn

mummiform nd with the hed of mmml with high horn

2E$.9=lted orms

2G$.The istnt -6-$&oul

mummiform nd fl%on$heded

2@$.The 3igh -6-$&oul

mummiform nd rm$hededB0$.3e of the Two Children

mummiform nd with red hed

11E



rom right to left,

B1$.The 6l>ing /ne in the 9rth

mummiform nd with red hed

B2$.3e of the Cldron

BB$.The Ht%hers

B$.The 6boon of the -ut-

mummiform nd bboon$heded

B5$.The 9ternl /ne

mummiform nd bboon$heded

BD$.Lord of 4ight

BE$.Lord of r'ness


11G



rom right to left,

BG$.The /ne oined Together

mummiform nd wering the Hhite Crown

B@$.3e t the 3ed of 3is Cvern


0$.3e who prote%ts the -6w-$souls .3e Hho prote%ts the -A'hw- (the spirit$souls!

1$.The Hind in the -6w-$souls

2$.The r'ened /ne

rm$hed represented inside is'

B$.The -6-$&oul of #

rm$heded -b-$bird inside the &un

$.Atum

5$.&hu

11@



rom right to left,

D$."eb

E$.+sis

G$.3orus


@$.The Heeper

50$.Those of the -Adw-$fish

three mummiform "ods51$.Netwty

120



rom right to left,

52$.Amente (the HestNetherworld!

5B$.The 4ourner

5$.3e t the 3ed of those of Amente


55$.3e of the Ct

mummiform nd %t$heded

5D$.3e of the Coffin

5E$.&hy

mummiform nd with the hed of mmml

121



rom right to left,

5G$.3idden 6odies

5@$.3e of the -ut-


D0$.3e with #essembled 4embers

D1$.8rovider of the 9rth

mummiform nd with the hed of mmmlD2$.The 7enerble /ne

DB$.The Trveller

122



rom right to left,

D$.The 4'er of 6odies


D5$.The 3idden /ne

mummiform nd with the hed of mmml

DD$.The 9levted /ne

DE$.The "ret Ct

DG$.3e Hhose 6rillint 9ye spe's


D@$.+wty

mummiform nd red

12B



rom right to left,

E0$.r' %e

mummiform nd with lmp s hed

E1$.The 6inder

the hed seems to be represented by two sn'es

E2$.The 9=lted 9rth (-T$tenen-!

mummiform nd wering the Crown with two fethers nd rm-s horns

EB$.The /utflow .The Hl'er (one form with two nmes!


E$.The #enewer of the 9rth .3e of the Temple of the /belis' (one form with two nmes!

12

The God Ra Iconography

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Transcript of The God Ra Iconography