The Globe - November/December 2013

8/13/2019 The Globe - November/December 2013

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THE GLOBENovember - December 2013

Student Writings rom !E!

W"!T!NG ONEWhat are We Wearing?

Abdulkarim (Saudi Arabia)

I am wearing a silver t-shirt and green jeans.Ahmed is wearing blue jeans and a black and silver t-shirt. Bassam is wearing a red t-shirt and shoes.Sanad is wearing a solid black t-shirt and a hat.Khalid is wearing a blue and white striped t-shirt.ohammed is wearing black shoes! a t-shirt and blue

jeans. "inda is wearing black pants and a pink

sweater.

What did my Grandfather do?B# Ahmed Alra#i$i (Saudi Arabia)

# grand%ather did not drive a car. #grand%ather did not have a cell phone. &e had ahorse and a donke#! and he took %ruit %rom his %arm tothe cit#. &e sold the %ruit in the cit#. &e did not havelight. &e spoke just Arabic. &e did not have a watch.&e did not eat %ast %ood. &e did not smoke. &e didnot have '! pla# station and a pla#er. &e didnot have electricit# in the house. &e did not have a

book.

What are We Wearing?B# Bassam (Saudi Arabia)

I*m wearing a coat! jeans! a black and redcap! a red and blue striped shirt and sports shoes.Sanad is wearing a black shirt! blue jeans and sportsshoes.

Special GiftsB# Khalid Alabbush (Saudi Arabia)

# %ather gave me a new car. I was +, #earsold. I was happ# to have a new car and I told m#%riend I*m happ#. A%ter si months! m# mother gaveme an airplane ticket. I was happ# about that. 'hen!I traveled and enjo#ed eddah. Also! m# %riend gaveme a new '. I was happ#. I*m luck#! because I havea good %amil# and good %riends.

Special GiftsB# ohammed Alha/eem (Saudi Arabia)

I gave m# sister a phone. # mother and%ather gave me a bike and a white phone. A%ter I%inish m# studies! m# brother is going to give me a loto% gi%ts. # %ather gave me a car! and I was 0+ #earsold. I gave m# %amil# all m# love.

What are we Wearing?B# Sanad (Saudi Arabia)

I am wearing a black t-shirt! jeans! a jacketand shoes. Bassam is wearing a red t-shirt! a blackand red cap and sports shoes. Abdulkarim iswearing a silver t-shirt! black jeans and sports shoes.

W"!T!NG TWO

A MistakeKener (1uatemala)

I made a mistake. I was 02 #ears old at the time. Imade a mistake when I was on essenger with m#girl%riend. &er name was 3orlen#. I said 4&ow are#ou5 I love #ou 6uleika.4 6uleika was another o% m#girl%riends. Both o% them were mad at me because I

wrote to the wrong girl%riend. 'his was m# worstmistake. I will never %orget this mistake because I %eltterrible.

My Sister6ainab (Saudi Arabia)

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# sister is 7atima. She is seven #ears old. &erbirthda# is net month. She is a small person! butshe has a loud voice. She likes to watch cartoonsbut she doesn8t like to stud#. 7atima alwa#s wants togo to the supermarket to bu# ice cream. 9hen I %irstcame to the :SA I called her and she was cr#ing. Imiss m# nois# sister 7atimah.

My Favorite AnimalAhmed Al%aw/an (Saudi Arabia)

# %avorite animal is the camel. I like the camelbecause m# %ather has camels. I like camelsbecause the# are beauti%ul. 'he camel is a biganimal. ;amels are brown. 'he camel lives man#places! including Saudi Arabia.

My Favorite Musicaber (Saudi Arabia)

# %avorite t#pe o% music is


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other o% smart medical devices. 7inall#! intelligence means career. ;areermeans at school! #ou can use intelligence in class to%ind correct answers and to understand the hardestlessons %rom #our intelligence. Another thing #ou canuse #our intelligence %or is business. 'his is importanti% want #ou to be success%ul in #our business deal. In sum! intelligence is described as beauti%ul inour lives. 3ou %ind intelligence in %ields and activit#!like skills! technolog#! and career.

Stereotype in Saudi Ara'iaB# Ahmed Almusslam (Saudi Arabia)

Stereot#pe is taking a wrong idea about allthe people living in the same communit# or group.Stereot#pes also eist about cultures and countriesas a whole. Stereot#pe eamples o% this sort includethe premises o%! gender! socio-economic! class andhabits. Saudi societ# consists o% men and womenboth o% them share in building and improving ourhome but there are some wrong stereot#pe.

an# people %rom other countries think mosto% Saudi*s male population live in the desert or mustwear thobes and getra. 'he# think the# must beBedouins. 'he# are some wrong theories about thewomen that she should be like a slaves becausecannot drive or leave the house without her aba#a.

Saudi Arabia is one o% the leading oileporting countries in the world. Because o% thatsome o% people imagined the people have a lot o%mone#. 'he# must be rich. :n%ortunatel# we have alot o% poor men who cannot pa# the mone# to theirlandlord or eat %ood %or a simple reason the# cannot%ind jobs because we have a huge number o%

unemplo#mentover million people.9e have di%%erent habits in Saudi Arabia! aswell as the whole the Islamic world. 7or the samereason some people sa# that it is a bad habit to %ast.an# think that i% stop eating or drinking bod# will beweak! but in %act #our bod# will be strong i% #ou %astbecause #ou %eel like the poor. 9e pra# %ive timesever# da# because uslims believe that pra#er isconnection between human and 1od. Actuall# i% #ou do not live in Saudi Arabia #ouwill %ind it di%%icult to identi%# or understand how the#live with these cultures J habits. 3ou wont believewhat #ou see. 3ou %ind ever#thing di%%erent. Also #ouwill encounter man# people with di%%erent cases! #ousee the rich men and poor men. =ot all o% them are atthe same levelG #ou will be surprised %rom this %act.

StereotypeB# &atem (Saudi Arabia)

88o not look %or the empt# hal% o% the cup.3ou have to look at the cup hal% %ull88- a %amous Arabsa#ing. Stereot#pe is the impression that #ou took%rom those who did something inappropriate and the

people like them. Stereot#pes are related to race!gender! and socio-economic status.

7irst! stereot#pe is related to race. an#people have stereot#pe %or black people. 'he# thinkblack people are alwa#s criminals and carr# weaponsto kill people whom the# do not like. oreover! man#people have stereot#pes %or white people. 'he# thinkwhite people are alwa#s racist. Also man# peoplethink Arabs are terrorists. 9hen we see someonewho did some think inappropriate that doesn8t meanall his race act the same wa#. 7or eample! there area lot o% white people who cause crime! as well assome black people and Arabs. Also! there a lot o%people o% all races who are peace%ul.

Second! stereot#pe is related to gender.an# men think women have less intelligence men.7or eample! some countries do not elect women tothe presidenc#. 'hat8s completel# wrong. Becausethe brainpower does not depend on gender. Cn theother hand! man# women think men are un%aith%ul.9e can8t sa# there aren8t un%aith%ul men! but thereare also %aith%ul men un%aith%ul women.

7inall#! stereot#pes are related to socio-

economic status. an# rich people think poor peopleare a burden on societ#. And poor people think richpeople are the reason %or their povert#! because richpeople who own companies have jobs that poorpeople cannot access.

In conclusion! stereot#pes are race! genderand socio-economic status. 'hose are wrong ideas.'ransact with each person %or what #ou know abouthim or her! not what #ou know about his or her race!gender or socio-economic status. &ave #ou evertransact with someone #ou alread# have stereot#peabout him or her5

A Married and A SingleB# Khalid Alabdkularim (Saudi Arabia)

'here are two kinds o% people in the world.'he# are singles who live alone and no bod# liveswith them to share in their li%e! and married who livewith the other share o% humanit#. 9e can call thiscase a %amil#. 'here are man# di%%erences between asingle and married in their li%e. 9e will eplain somepoints that we can compare that includeH emotion!responsibilit#! and %inancial situation.

'he %irst is emotion. 'hat means that an#person who is married has %eeling with his or herpartner who is com%ortable. But a single does nothave the same %eeling. 7or eample! when someonemarries! his or her li%e will change because the# %all inlove and share their li%e! worries and happiness.ver#one needs a person who cares %or him in alla%%airs o% li%e.

'he second is responsibilit#. 'hat means amarried person has a %amil# and their li%e is not %orthemselves it*s to share with other people in li%e. 'hisalso means aren*t %ree in li%e. Cn the other hand asingle has %reedom in li%e! such as! travelling an#time

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or moving an#where without consulting an#bod#."astl#! a single pa#s less mone# than

married because a single has small housing andpersonal epenses. &owever! a married couple haslarger housing and %amil# epenses. &owever! wecan sa# that married have more mone# than singlesbecause the# are a team and have two jobs. Add!the# can save mone# b# sharing in ever#thing.

In conclusion! a human can live alone. Butwe have to know that a li%e is hard. I% #ou want to livesingle! #ou will lose a partner who is important in #ourli%e because ever#one needs a person to help him ina%%airs o% li%ethat is a wi%e or husband. So! marriedperson has partner who is the best advantage in li%e.9e know that a li%e can*t continue without children.

ReligionB#


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as ideas and environment.


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popularit# and makes him hugel# %amous. "et8s think%or a moment! how did the older singers get success5'he# achieved success %irst b# the musical melod#and the coordination o% the tune. Secondl#! themeaning o% the l#rics and its high $ualit# leads tosuccess. "astl#! the singer8s voice has to be thesame t#pe as the song and in concert with themusicians.

In conclusion! singing is reall# a major art inour world. I% we look and listen care%ull# we will seeand hear another world. =ow we su%%er %rom losingthe real art o% singing because people now do notcare about the human voice and music. At this timemost o% the record companies do not want the singerwho is a real artist. 'he# onl# want one who canmake as much mone# %or the compan# as he can.4Cld but gold4 applies to the real art o% singing.

Married or Singleb# Amal (Saudi Arabia)

All o% the people start their li%e single! but not

all get married. So! to compare between beingmarried and single #ou should be married.

7irst! i% #ou are single #ou will have more%reedom! but this %reedom is not open-ended. 7oreample! i% #ou want to go out late with #our %riend orgo somewhere #ou can! but #ou must get thepermission %rom #our parents i% #ou are living athome. Also! #ou must stud# hard to get a goodeducation to let #our parents be proud o% #ou. Somepeople think that it is con%ining i% #ou must havepermission to do things. 'hat is a wrong wa# o%thinking because an education will last %or a li%etime.

oreover! #ou do not have an# %inancial

obligations when single. All o% those obligations aretaken care o% b# #our parents. 'his means i% #ou wantsomething! the# will bu# it %or #ou. 7ood! home! andschool %ees - all o% these are their obligations.

7inall#! traveling alone ma# make #ouunhapp# i% #ou do not travel with another person. But!i% #ou go with #our %riend! I think it will be good.

In contrast! i% #ou are married what are thedi%%erences %rom being single. 7irst! #ou do not %eel%reedom because #ou have another partner who mustknow and agree to all that happens. 3ou sharehisLher opinion and %eel responsible %or himLher. 7oreample! i% one o% #ou wants to come home lateever# da# heLshe cannot because I think it will causemore problems with #our partner. But #ou can %eel%reedom i% #ou have troubles with #our parents! but#ou will not be happ#. In our culture! i% #ou aremarried #ou can do an#thing and no one will sa#an#thing about #ou because #ou are married. 'he#%eel #ou have %reedom! but I think it is wrong. I thinksingle and married li%e will be the same.

oreover! when #ou are married #ou will beobservant about epenses (%ood! housing! electricit#!clothing! etc.) because the# are #our responsibilit#with #our partner. I mean #ou must not be a 8waster8.

In m# culture! the husband must work andmeet the %inancial obligations o% his %amil#. 'he wi%eshould help him and be care%ul not to need an#bod#to help them.

"ast o% all! I think traveling with #ou partner#ou will not be alone i% #ou go somewhere and sta# ata hotel. 3ou will have someone to talk with. Also! i%#ou are sick or have a problem! #ou are not alone.

In conclusion! I think most people pre%er tobe married because #ou have a partner whom #ouhave chosen and heLshe will be with #ou all o% thetime. I% #ou are happ# or sad! #our partner will standwith #ou.

*igh School + ,niversityb# 'alal (Saudi Arabia)

'hink about #our education. id #ou pre%erhigh school or universit# li%e5 9h#5 I% #ou have notattended universit# #et! how does it compare to highschool5 'here are three major di%%erences betweenhigh school and universit#H the classes! the teachers!

and the homework.7irst o% all! high school has several

characteristics to help the student. Cne o% the mostimportant is the class. 'he classes are small in si/eand com%ortable because each class contains abouttwent#-three students. 7urthermore! the teacher inhigh school pla#s a role to make a student success%uland ambitious. 7or eample! the teachers are tr#ingto help the student learn how to do ver# well whentaking tests! and how the# can do the homework.7inall#! there is the homework. In high school thestudent usuall# has one source to re%er to when doingthe homeworkG %or eample! the tetbook.

In contrast! the universit# is harder than highschool because there are big di%%erences betweenthem. Cn o% the most important is the class. It ma#contain %rom %i%t# to one hundred students. Also! eachclass has e$uipment like a smart board and projector.7urthermore! the teachers in universit# are strict. 7oreample! the teacher who teaches in universit# doesnot care who #ou are. Also! he is not as help%ul as theteacher who teaches in high school. oreover! heepects #ou to depend on #oursel%. In addition! thehomework is more di%%icult because there are severalsources to use to do #our homework such as!research and the Internet. In addition there are man#kinds o% homework like presentations! leading agroup! and giving speeches.

In summar#! there are man# di%%erencesbetween high school and universit# including the si/eo% classes! methods o% teaching! and the variet# andamount o% homework. I believe li%e in high school ismore com%ortable than in universit#. I% #ou go touniversit# then #ou will be ver# bus# and have man#new responsibilities.

Strength and Weakness of Single + Married )ife

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b# Suhh#un (Korea)

uring our lives! we can choose the singleli%e or the married li%e. Both o% them have strengthsand weaknesses. ?eople can think about which oneis best %or them. 'o choose married or single li%emore easil#! a person should consider care%ull# andcompare the strengths and weaknesses o% both.

7irst! one o% the di%%erent strengths is more%reedom! or more stabilit#. Single li%e has more%reedom than married li%e. Cn the other hand! marriedli%e has more stabilit# than single li%e. And anotherdi%%erent strength is when #ou are single #ou dothings %or #oursel%! but when married #ou do thingswith #our wi%e. A single person onl# has to thinkabout himsel% and do things %or him. &e doesn8t needhelp. 7or eample! #ou can enjo# #our hobbies! takecare o% #oursel%! and #ou do not have to cook %orsomeone. Cn the other hand! in married li%e! #ou cando something with #our wi%e. 7or eample! #ou cancook and eat together! and #ou can travel with #ourwi%e and #our children.

Second! one di%%erence is #ou ma# %eel so

lonel# i% single! or #ou ma# %eel restricted i% married. I%#ou choose a single li%e! #ou will %eel so lonel# and#ou will need someone. In contrast! i% #ou choosemarried li%e! #ou cannot do an#thing %reel#! and #ouwill think about #our li%e be%ore #ou were married.

Another di%%erent weakness is lacking a sense o%responsibilit#! or #ou have too much responsibilit#.Single li%e is lacking a sense o% responsibilit# becausenobod# talks about #our mistakes or something likethat. It means #ou are living alone. Cn the otherhand! married li%e has a greater sense o%responsibilit#. 7or eample! #ou should think about#our children8s education! worr# about #our %amil#8s

%uture! and consider #our %inancial situation.Both o% them have man# strengths andweaknesses. 'here%ore! a%ter checking #ourpersonalit#! understanding these descriptions! andconsidering care%ull#! #ou are going to choose eitherthe single li%e or married li%e.

-rotecting the .nvironmentb# 3a/eed (Saudi Arabia)

o #ou know what the e%%ects o% protectingthe environment are5 9hat is caring %or theenvironment5 It is the practice o% protecting thenatural environment on individual! organi/ational! orgovernmental levels %or the bene%it o% both the naturalenvironment and humans. 'here%ore! there are someactions that can protect the environment includingHeducate the communit# and punish the violators o%regulations.

7irst o% all! to educate the communit# meansall responsible authorities must give advice andin%ormation in this area. 7or instance! ever#government has to indicate a plan! an Ad! that helpseducate the communit# like attach to the oases and

guidance in the wa#s to minimi/e the use o%resources! rec#cling! and re-manu%acturingconsumed materials. 'here are common errorscommitted b# people such as not throwing waste intothe container allocated %or them or %re$uent litteringon the beach that ma# be to the detriment o% themarine environment. In m# opinion! I think theresponsible authorities must do what the# have to doto avoid environmental problems.

Secondl#! punishing violators o% regulationsmeans there are some people who do not care aboutthe environment. 7or eample! when a governmentobserves people8s behavior there is an emphasis onthe o%%ender8s deed. 9hen the# take some action andsanction such as give the o%%ender a ticket or putthem in prison! people will not like it and avoid doingharm to the environment.

In conclusion! I think to protect theenvironment we have to %ollow some laws! educatethe communit#! and punish violators or regulations.

Divorce

b# 6aid (Saudi Arabia)

o #ou know the divorce rate5 9ebster8s:niversal ;ollege ictionar# de%ines divorce as! 4an#%ormal separation o% husband and wi%e accordingestablished custom.4 ivorce during this period idgoing up! and divorce has been increasing %rom last#ear to this #ear. 'he divorce rate in Saudi Arabia is>FM. So! there are man# reasons %or people todivorce one another. Cne reason is mone# andanother one is in%idelit#.

'o begin! ever#one knows that mone# isimportant! and i% someone does not have mone# he

or she cannot do an#thing the# want. So! in this caseman# people get married and the# have a lot o%mone#! but some people are sting#. 7or eample! Iknow someone who married and he was sting#. &iswi%e loved him so much! and the# had one child.9hen his child was eight months old! his wi%e neededa lot o% things. So! she asked him %or mone#. But! hedid not give her an#thing. She was asking himever#da# %or mone# to bu# things such as newclothes! %ood! a new phone! and %urniture. And healwa#s bought things that were cheapG even though!he was rich. A%ter a %ew da#s she asked him %or adivorce! and then he did what she wanted and the#divorced.

Another reason %or divorce is in%idelit#.In%idelit# means marital un%aith%ulness! adulter#. Cneo% the reasons %or in%idelit# is a lack o% love. a#bethe man does not give his wi%e ever#thing she needs.7or eample! I read and heard man# stories aboutthat. 'he last stor# I read was about a man who hada wi%e! but the# did not love each other. So! herhusband did not give her an#thing she needed.9omen also need love and attention. 7ive monthslater the man saw his wi%e with another man. So! hedivorced her.

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In conclusion! divorce can be a terrible eventin one8s li%e. an# reasons result in divorce! but Iwrote about the main reasons. So! the divorce rate

this #ear in Saudi Arabia is >FM! and I think divorcewill continue to increase. 'his is a big problem thatwe must deal with.

W"!T!NG #!%E#he &mportance of /indergartenB#


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&as an#one ever imagined the number o% those who were injured in shooting5 In %act ever# #ear in the :.S.!an average o% more than 0,,!,,, people are shot! according to 'he Brad# ;ampaign 'o ?revent 1un iolence(=B; =ews sta%%). Based on this %act there are a lot o% injured ever# #ear which is the big issue in :nited States.?eople have to do something to solve this issue and live with peace. I% the law will be changed b# government to bestricter rules to own an# kind o% guns! then man# think that hunters and other people will be angr#! will have lessprotection! and break individual rights. Cn the contrar#! man# believe when the government makes the anti gunlaws it will be minimi/e school shooting! lower crime rates! and lower unnecessar# deaths. I agree with people whoagree that government should make the anti-gun law.

Cpponents o% the anti-gun law will sa# that the# are hunters who have to use the guns to survive and a loto% %armers who need to de%end their animals. As we know! there are hunters a%%ected b# anti-gun laws! but thegovernment did not stop them %rom hunting at all. It just was to determine the allowable number o% hunting permits.'his is right! but when the government changes the anti-gun law! the government will create some elements to%igure out hunters* problems and protect them. Cn the other hand! people who believe in changes will sa# that it willminimi/e school shooting. 9h# the# will sa# that is because when the government legali/es possession o% gunsand sales it! will be an opportunit# to create an environment %ree o% gunsG thus the numbers o% guns owners inschools are %ewer. In %act! a%ter =ewtown massacre a lot o% states have passed 0@ anti-guns law. Since 0R peoplegot shooting at Sandi &ook School that caused more than +, children to be killed which is so sad (ames ng).oreover! instead o% %ocusing on the numbers o% gun owners we should %ocus on the bene%its that we could geta%ter we change the anti-gun laws. Cpponents o% the anti-gun laws think that protection will be less i% we do a new anti-gun law. Cpponents sa#that because the# thought when the# have guns the# can protect their sel%. Actuall#! opponents are wrong becausewhen a person is %ighting with someone else who has a gun heLshe will %eel danger a#be when heLshe %eelsdanger! that will guide himLher to use his gun even i% heLshe doesn*t need to do that. So i% both parties have guns!

one o% them will be %orced to use it because o% the %ear and this is a reaction. Based on surve# data %rom a +,,,stud# published in the ournal o% uantitative ;riminolog#! (avid cowall and others) :.S. civilians use guns tode%end themselves and others %rom crime at least 22!N times per #ear. (avid cowall and others). &owever!anti-gun laws will lower crime rates. 9hen an#one asks a gun control supporter wh# the# support additional gunlaws the# will undeniabl# answer that the# do so to stop crime! and to save the children. 7or eample! when %ightinghappened and each side o% parties didn*t have the gun the# will %inish their %ighting without an# death. In the :nited States! ever#one has right to own gun. 'here are some laws allow them to carr# their guns. In'ennessee! man# emplo#ees who have handgun permits can keep their guns in their cars and carr# their guns!including to work (ames . Agresti and L0>FR@>2,-just-the-%acts-gun-violence-in-america

T+U ames ng o% S= news. DA%ter =ewtown Shootings! pro-gun measures also gain groundEhttpHLLnews.msn.comLusLa%ter-newtown-shootings-pro-gun-measures-also-gain-ground

TNU ames . Agresti and @L

Should -arents Allow "hildren to Draw on #he Wall?B# Sai% (Saudi Arabia)

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http://usnews.nbcnews.com/_news/2013/01/16/16547690-just-the-facts-gun-violence-in-americahttp://www.justfacts.com/guncontrol.asphttp://www.springerlink.com/content/rngn3274255v6j67/http://usnews.nbcnews.com/_news/2013/01/16/16547690-just-the-facts-gun-violence-in-americahttp://www.justfacts.com/guncontrol.asphttp://www.springerlink.com/content/rngn3274255v6j67/


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&ave #ou ever drawn on the wall and a%ter that #ou %ound a talent in art5 I had eperience in this case and I%ound a talent in m#sel% with drawing. 9hen I was a child! I liked to draw! and sometimes I did not know what Idrew. 9hen I entered school! I liked art class and I put e%%ort into the homework and ever#thing in this class. A%terthat! I liked to draw on the wall and! when I drew on the wall! m# parents got angr# at me. # parents knew that Iliked drawing! but the# did not give me a special thing to draw on. 9hen I was %i%teen #ears old! I was drawing onstreet walls! and sometimes I got in trouble with the people there. 'hat is m# stor#! and I was a child wantingsomething interesting %or me. ;hildren want something that is interesting %or them! and their parents should givethem what the# want. Some opponents think that drawing on the wall will desolate the view o% the wall and makes itdistorted. It might be wrong to draw on the walls! but parents should make a great wall to draw on %or their children. 'he opponents sa# i% parents allow their children to draw on the wall! children will draw on other walls.Cpponents sa# that children will get a bad habit %rom their parents8 permission. ?eople who disagree state i% thechildren take a permission %rom their parents! no bod# can stop children when the# turn thirteen #ears old or moreand children will draw outside in the streets. Cn the other hand! people who agree with drawing on the wall sa# thatparents cannot compel their children to do activities that children do not like. Also! the# sa# children have specialactivities. Cne o% these activities is drawing speciall# on rooms8 wall! and i% parents stop them! children mightbecome sensitive to an#thing else. In addition! when children are stopped b# their parents! children will beps#chologicall# comple because the# are children and the# want to do their hobbies. ?arents should think o%positives! not negatives. ;hildren might have a talent %or drawing and children ma# become artists in the %uture.'here is no problem to do that %or children and this case will bene%it them to be com%ortable. Cther opponents o% children drawing on the walls have a reason about the view o% the room8s wall! and the#sa# i% parents allow their children to draw! children will desolate the view o% the wall. oreover! children do not thinkabout an#thing and children will make bad drawings on the wall. In contrast! parents who agree sa# that it ispossible to help children b# making a small wall or chalkboard where children can practice their activit#. ;hildren

will be happ# with this idea! and the# will not desolate the original wall. In this situation! children will keep drawingon a small wall or chalkboard and think it is an original wall.

7inall#! people who disagree with this subject sa# parents are the %irst teachers %or their children and the# haveto teach them how to be success%ul in li%e. 'he# sa# parents must teach their children and give them ideas aboutli%e b# not allowing them to draw on the wall. In contrast! some parents sa# besides teaching them! we have to beimpartial with them to make what the# want but b# the correct wa#. 'eaching children to keep drawing and to dotheir activit# with control o% their parents will keep them on the correct wa#.

In conclusion! I think children are not serious about li%e. 'he# want something that is interesting %or them. 9eshould not %orce them to do activities that the# do not like. 1iving them their hobbies has positive e%%ects on theirpersonalities and their lives. 9e have to be lenient with them as though we have the same age as theirs.

Doping in the -rofessional SportB# ;silla (&ungar#)

In +,0+! "ance Armstrong! who was one o% the most success%ul sportsmen in the world! lost his recordsand medals because the 9AA (9orld Anti-oping Agenc#) and members o% his team proved that he used dopingat ever# occasion when he participated in 'our de 7rance and other competitions. 'his scandal renewed theargument about doping. In m# opinion! nowada#s! doping! special e$uipment and pro%essional sport knit togetherwhich is a bad direction because these people are the idols o% our children plus man# o% these sport events aresponsored %rom the citi/ens* ta dollars.

'hose who think doping is not a serious problem sa# the %ear %rom the judgment o% societ# obstructs thesportsmen %rom taking drugs. 7or eample =atalie Kwan! the publicist o% 'he Bioethics ?roject! wrote! D Since then!

Armstrong has lost seven 'our de 7rance titles! stepped down as the chairman o% his own charit# %oundation! andbegan a li%e ban on c#clingE ($td. in Kwan! par. 0N). 'he writer pointed that the huge shame can keep the athletesawa# %rom per%ormance enhancing drugs.

Cn the other hand some eperts think the pressure o% societ# is huge and that can have negative e%%ects.ver#one wants to see bigger and bigger records. ichael ano%sk# and ?eter Al%ano claim! DA huge part o%watching sports is witnessing the ver# peak o% human athletic abilit#E ($td. in Smith! par. R). It clearl# shows theneed o% people to see Vsuper-humans*. 'he# handle these men and women as heroes and the# epect heroicachievement at ever# occasion.

Cpponents could also argue that other sportsmen would ban the ones caught in doping. &owever! the sportsociet# is divided in this $uestion because the majorit# o% doping is to speed up the regeneration a%ter an injur# or abig race. ?lus! the whole sport communit# is in%ected with drugs and one is more likel# to take doping i% sheLheknows that others dope too. According to Ben Schuster! Vveteran* soccer pla#er! per%ormance-enhancing drugs arenot a problem in sport while sportsmen use these in their regeneration period ($td. in DSchuster de%endsE! par +).

'he %inal argument advanced b# opponents is that genetics is one o% the most important parts o% sporting

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success! so doping is not necessar#. Summer Banks! a journalist o% 3ahoo! brings an eample! D:sain Bolt! the%astest man alive! doesn8t have a genetic disorder! but his bod# is geneticall# per%ect %or runningE ($td. in Banks!par. N).

Cn the contrar#! genetics is a signi%icant %actor b# sport! but athletes have alread# reached the limits o%human power. As 'he 9eek writes! the human capacit# in sport achieved its maimum in 02 ($td. in 'he 9eekSta%%! par. F). 7rom that moment - ecept the %ew reall# gi%ted champions O the world records on each and ever#competition seems impossible without some kind o% Vhelp*.

In conclusion! I think recentl# per%ormance enhancing drugs and special e$uipment has become aninseparable part o% pro%essional sport and that is a destructive course. 'he pressure o% societ# is enormous.ver#bod# wants to see heroes on the tracks. ?lus! the sport societ# is tolerant because ever# sport is in%ected withthese things. =owada#s! Vgood* genetics is not enough %or a sportsman i% he or she wants to reach remarkablesuccess. 'here%ore! i% we want to Vkeep clean* the pro%essional sport! 9AA! :SAA (:nited States Anti-oping

Agenc#) and sport organi/ations have to introduce the athlete genetic passport (Dis an individual electronicdocument that collects data regarding a speci%ic athlete that is use%ul in di%%erentiating between natural ph#siologicvariations o% selected biomarkers and deviations caused b# arti%icial manipulationsE T$td. in Sottas! Saug#! Saudan!par. 0U) and ban o% special e$uipment (like sharkskin suit in swimming). 7inall#! the# need to increase the sentencein cases o% doping and ban the user %rom pro%essional sports %orever. I think these suggestions are ver# strict! butthe crimes that these athletes commit are serious! too.

9orks ;itedBanks! Summer. Dichael ?helps! :sain BoltH Are 1enetics Altering Athletic ;ompetition5E 3ahoo +0 Cct. +,00. +,=ov. +,0N PhttpHLLsports.#ahoo.comLtopLnews5slugW#cn-0,+F200FQ.

Kwan! =atalie. D'he %%ects o% opingH A ictorious or e%eated :nited States.E 'he edical odi%ied &uman 0N7eb. +,0N. +, =ov. +,0N PhttpHLLwww.thebioethicsproject.orgLessa#sLthe-e%%ects-o%-doping-a-victorious-or-de%eated- united-statesLQ.

DSchuster de%ends doping 8%or regeneration8.D amaica Cbserver +, Aug. +,0N. +, =ov. +,0NPhttpHLLwww.jamaicaobserver.comLsportL%ootballLSchuster-de%ends-doping--%or-regeneration-0R20+F@Q.

Smith! ;hris. D9h# It*s 'ime 'o "egali/e Steroids In ?ro%essional Sports.E 7orbes +R Aug. +,0+ +, =ov. +,0N PhttpHLLwww.%orbes.comLsitesLchrissmithL+,0+L,L+RLwh#-its-time-to-legali/e-steroids-in-pro%essional-sportsL Q.

Sottas ?! Saug# ! Saudan ;. Dndogenous steroid pro%iling in the athlete biological passport.E ?ubed.comarch +,0,. +, =ov. +,0N P httpHLLwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.govLpubmedL+,0++RF,Q.

'he 9eek Sta%%. D9ill athletes ever stop breaking world records5E 'he 9eek 0 Aug. +,0+. +, =ov. +,0N PhttpHLLtheweek.comLarticleLindeL+N0N0+Lwill-athletes-ever-stop-breaking-world-recordsQ.

*uman RightsB# Sadi#e ('urke#)

9h# in the 9orld and in all religion do men have more advantage and bene%it than women5 9omen werecreated as same as men. Biolog# is proving that women do not have an#thing less than men. 9omen becomescientists! law#ers! teachers! doctors! soldiers and politicians. 9hat is di%%erent between women and men5 an#people work %or human right but do not ask about women*s rights. 'he# think women are not humanG women areslaves. 9omen have bad statue in all religion law! and cultures. &ere is some evidence.

9omen statue are in the tets o% + religions. In the %irst big religion! ;hristianit#G in the Bible! 0.'imot# +G 00-0F.it is statedH 9omen should learn in silence! in church. I% she will learn some new thing and i% she has a $uestion!she should not talk in church. It is a shame %or woman to speak in the church. I% she has an# $uestion! she has toask her husband at home. 9omen cannot teach. an was %irst created! then woman. Adam (man) was notdeceived b# vil! but ve (woman) was deceived. 'his is ver# wrong. ;hristianit# said women should not talk andask $uestions in church. She should ask $uestions to her husband at home. 'his is means her knowledge dependson her husband*s knowledge. 9omen cannot teach.


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Also this religion said evil deceived women not man this is not thru. &ow can 1od tell AdamH o not eatthis apple and he eats this apple because ve said eat this apple5 'his is means men are stupid and do not listento 1odG the# listen to women. en! do #ou accept that5 Additionall#! in the Bible! 0! ;orinthians 00.F-0,G a womanhas to cover her head! but Da man indeed ought not to cover his head %orasmuch as he is the image and glor# o%godE. =either was the man created %or the womanG but the women created %or the man. E'he head o% ever# man is;hrist! and the head o% the woman is the manE. en and women are same human. 9h# should woman cover herhead and men not. l do not accept this religion i% it is make me less than men. In the second big religion IslamG in the ur*an G(surat al-ba$arah) 9omen were created %rom Adam*s rip.'hat is wh# woman alwa#s curve woman will never be straight. I% men tr# to straighten women! woman will break.9e know man# women are more trust%ul than men. an# women are cleverer more than man# men! so this iscannot be true. 'he book also reads (Surat al- =isaR!00!0@>!X) en are the managers o% women! to the men! i%#our wi%e does not listen. 7irst talk to her! i% she does not listen to #ou again! lived her alone in her bed! and i% shedoes not listen #ou again hit her. =owada#s in education s#stem! we know hitting is a ver# wrong human act and inps#cholog#! too. &ow can religion said hit #our wi%e i% she does not listen to #ou5 9h# does religion not sa#an#thing %or bad husband5 I% a husband is not good! what have women to do5


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counselors to avoid %alling into problems and so the counselors can %inish their tasks on time. Also! the schoolcounselor improve the school %or eample! the school counselor provides individual and group counseling servicesto meet the developmental! preventive! and remedial needs o% students. In addition! the school counselor consultswith students! parents! teacher! and other school and communit# personnel to assist in meeting the needs o%students (schoolcounselor.org). In conclusion! even though Saudi s#stem education improving in recent #ears! but it still su%%ering someproblems that need to be solved. 9e also need to understand our education s#stem to %ind appropriate solutions %orthis problems. 9e can do that b# treating the root causes including rareness o% sport classes! large number o%student in classes! and lack o% school counselor.

9ork ;ited- r Karen artin! sport and ph#sical activit# enhance children*s learning! School o% ?opulation &ealth! the

:niversit# o% 9estern Australia! www.dsr.wa.gov.au !a# +,0,.- "ubna &ussain! Saudi Arabia relaes ban on school sports %or girls 1 www.worldnews.nbcnews.comma#

>th! +,0N.- inistr# o% ducation! summar# statistics on public education in the Kingdom! www.almare%h.net! 0R+2.-


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9orks ;ited"earnmeright (9eb*s 1uide to the Best '#pes o% ducation )In%ectious diseases - a#o;linic.com;A


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'he ta s#stem is one o% the most important things in the econom# o% a countr#. 9ith taes! governmentscan conduct all their policies. 'he budgets o% the states are basicall# based on the abilit# to obtain resourcesthrough taation. 'his means that all countries are re$uired to have taes. Cther than that! it would impossible %orthe government to serve their people. 1overnments are either more neoliberals! giving more importance to theprivate sector economies! or socialist! giving more importance to the public sector. Between the both! the amounto% lev#ing higher taes var# greatl#. 'here are more neoliberal countries like the :SA! and other more socialistcountries! like ;uba or ene/uela among others. Spain has a miture o% both. Cn the one hand! Spain is regulatedb# a neoliberal market! but on the other hand! Spain has socialist practices per%ormed in their policies. 9e couldsa# that is a mied socioeconomic s#stem because the private sector and the public sector are present in bothcases. 'he current ta s#stem in Spain needs to be changed in order to bene%it societ# in a greater wa#.

7irst! Spain is the uropean countr# that collects more mone# %rom the people and spends less on socialprograms that bene%it the public. 9hile the rich pa# a lesser percentage o% their income! the middle class pa#s ahigher percentage o% their income. In Spain most o% the ta pressure is eerted on middle-class workers. 'his iscreating an imbalance between the working class and the upper class. 7inall#! one o% the principal reasons tolower taes is that the submerged econom# eisting in the Spain has a direct relationship with the high taes thatthe business must pa#.

Spain! more than an# other uropean countr#! re$uires their citi/ens to pa# more taes and receive lessback. 'his is collected in the last +,0+ data %rom Brussels. 'he Spanish case is di%%erent than all other uropeancountries because the photograph# o% its %iscal pressure is %ar %rom all the other uropean countries (%inance! +).9hile opponents to lower ta rates cannot sa# to lower taes because the government won*t have mone# to maketheir policies! it is a %act that there is ecessive ta pressure on the middle class. 'his ta pressure is resulting in arecessive econom# and is hindering the econom# o% Spain to make %ull recover# o% the crisis it recentl# incurred.

According to ;itigroup! pressure taes would hinder the Spanish recover# (Intereconomia) because having lesspurchasing power! the consumption slows with a stagnation o% the econom# and lower ta collection. It is eas# tounderstand how this ecessive ta pressure has drowned the econom# o% the countr#. According to objective data!the income ta is as high as F>M in communities such as ;atalonia. 'he ;orporate income ta is more than man#other uropean :nion countries! such as Sweden! 1erman# and the :K. In addition! we have created man# %ees%or using public services that is causing asph#ia amongst citi/ens and businesses (7inance N). Someone must %indthe antidote to cure this because it*s an important aspect %or the %uture o% Spain and its citi/ens to be well cared %orb# the state! but also not be drowned b# unnecessar# and un%air taes.

7iscal pressure in the upper class is much lower than in the middle class. uch o% the ta pressure iseercised on the middle classes with conse$uent wear and enlargement o% wealth onl# among a small part o% thepopulation. In Spain the rich are getting richer and the poor are getting poorer. 'he Spanish people are asking %oran increase o% taes %or the rich because latel# the ta burden has a%%ected the middle class (income ta A'). 'hetaes that have not been rise are which been a%%ects custom companies which are used b# the rich to trans%er their

income! and it permit also to do not declare them as an individual! although #ou can onl# do this i% #ou have a lot o%mone# and then #ou are able to pa# less taes because such compan# are recorded less than personal income tarate as much. 'his makes the middle class have no choice and are the most harm pa#ing more ta amount incontrast upper class. 9hile the ta amnest# that the government throws tr#ing to legali/e black mone# b# pa#ingonl# 0,M o% the declared pla#ing %or people who all this time been using this mone# because pressure ta %or thelaunder mone# will be less than the ta that the people has been pa#ing during all the time using legal mone#(epansion 0). 'his is %ocused mainl# in the rich classes which are owners o% large amounts o% black mone#! andthat wa#! the# can put all their mone# in course! pa#ing a little amount o% mone#. Some voices sa# the rich pa#enough taes but this is not true when the e%%ective rate in income ta %ell onl# +.N M %or the middle class !compared to N@.> M %or the highest income con%irming that ! at least in our countr#! in times o% crisis the richcontinue to get rich and are alwa#s the same who have to pa# taes ( currentl# 0N).

7inall#! strong %iscal pressure %rom taes %orces man# businesses to operate illegall# in Spain because the#simpl# cannot a%%ord to pa# taes. isa urope estimated that the underground econom# in Spain reaches a valueo% about 02F!>,, million euros 0.> M o% 1? (1urusblog ! R). 'his is because people can not pa# all the taes thatare too high. 7or man# businessmen the underground econom# is the onl# wa# to move %orward and in man# casesare %orced to close their business because the# can not a%%ord to pa# all taes. It is di%%icult to stop this model o%corruption unlike northern countries where corruption is much lower than in Spain! because politicians are the %irstto do it! and the# %oster the appearance o% corruption. Spain is the tenth world power in ta %raud! according to areport b# the 'a ustice =etwork organi/ation. In other wa#s! contrar# opinions sa# that corruption is not as highas in countries like 1reece or Ital#! although this is true! Spain*s ta %raud remains above countries like 1erman#!7rance and Ireland. It can not be that level o% shadow econom# because it is estimated that ++.FM o% our econom#is submerged ! resulting in a loss o% revenue to the public purse estimated at 0,@.NF, million (;ountr# 0)

As we can see! the current ta s#stem in Spain is too high! and it must be reduced in order to bene%itsociet# and the econom# o% the countr# in a greater wa#. Spain is in the midst o% a big economic crisis which isa%%ecting ever# da# more people and the whole societ#. 'he Spanish ta s#stem should be changed because Spain

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is the uropean countr# that collects more mone# with the taes and the government spent less on their citi/enscausing general malaise o% the population. 9hile the rich pa# little compared to what the# earn and most o% the tapressure is eerted on the workers class which carries the greater part o% the taes and makes the imbalancebetween the working class and the upper class is increasing. 7inall# one o% the principal reasons to lower taes isthat the submerged econom# eisting in the Spanish econom# has a direct relationship with the high taes that thebusiness must pa# to the government.

9orks ;ited

httpHLLes.%inance.#ahoo.comLblogsL%inlaotracaradelamonedaLcu]l-es-el-pais-europeo-con-los-impuestos-0000,20.html

httpHLLwww.lasemana.esLperiodicoLnoticia.php5codWNR+N>

httpHLLwww.intereconomia.comLnoticias-negociosL%inan/as-personalesLclavesLcitigroup-dice-$ue-presion-%iscal-%renara-recuperacion

httpHLLwww.epansion.comL+,0+L,2L0RLeconomiaL0NR@>FR0R.html

httpHLLactualidad.orange.esLnacionalLmas-ricos-pagan-cada-ve/-menos-impuestos-en-espana.html

httpHLLwww.gurusblog.comLarchivesLlos-verdaderos-motivos-de-por-$ue-ha#-economia-sumergidaL+2L,FL+,0NL

httpHLLblogs.elpais.comLca%e-steinerL+,0+L,RLespa^a-decima-potencia-mundial-en-%raude-%iscal.html

W"!T!NG S!'

What are "harter schools?Saleh (Saudi Arabia)

an# students across America are not getting the education the# deserve. ost recent studies have shownthat the per%ormance o% public schools since 02@, had dropped to less than N,M compared with private schools.7or eample! based on the =ational Assessment o% ducational ?rogress on 022R! the %ourth grade public schoolstudents achieved onl# +RM while the private school students achieved NM ('he public purpose! 022). 'hisproblem %orced students to either attend the under-per%orming public schools in their communities or enroll to

private schools which are costl# to most %amilies.As an alternative option! charter schools were created to %ul%il the need %or a better option %or %amilies who

are looking %or good education with lower cost. 'he idea o% charter schools was innovative idea in education %ield.'his motivated me stud# in depth this t#pe o% schools in the :.S.'his paper de%ines charter schools and compares them with other t#pes o% schools in :.S. In addition! the histor# o%charter schools is studied. 7urthermore! we present the advantages and disadvantages o% charter schools.

D.F&3&434F"*AR#.RS"*44)S

;harter schools are not completel# public schools! but the# are not eactl# private schools either. "ikepublic schools! the# are %ree to attend %or students within the school district! and the# are t#picall# %unded b#

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tapa#ers. "ike private schools! the# can set their own rules %or admission and choose which students the# willaccept.

As a matter o% %act! charter schools are a special t#pe o% public schools %or man# %actorsH the# are tuition-%ree and open to ever# student who wishes to enroll! the# are non-sectarian and do not discriminate on an# basis!the# are publicl# %unded b# local! state and %ederal ta dollars based on enrollment like other public schools! andthe# are held accountable to state and %ederal academic standards (=A?;S).

'he eact rules governing the operation and %unding o% charter schools var# %rom state to state. 9hile thereare %ederal laws in the :.S. that are related to charter schools! there is not one that determines their speci%icoperation. State law sets the rules %or charter schools within that state and determines which o% the three primar#t#pes o% authori/ing bodies govern charter schools within that stateH the state board o% education! local boards o%education or a separate authori/ing bod# independent %rom the board o% education. 7ort# states! plus 9ashington!.;. have laws allowing the creation o% charter schools (;enter %or ducation


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school peers! suggesting a strong upward trend among new studies in the e%%ect o% public charter schools onstudent per%ormance. Since +,0,! just one stud# that used longitudinal student-level data %ound neutral or negativeresults looking at public charter schools in the state o% :tahE(=A?;S).

According to ;enter %or


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6All A'out "harter Schools(7;enter %or ducation NN+.htmQD=ational ;harter School Stud# +,0N.E ;enter %or , billion on %ast %ood in +,0+ (up %rom [> billion in 02@,).In total the :S restaurant industr# had projected sales o% [>>,.F billion in +,0N. (%ranchisehelp). 'h secret behind

21
http://nces.ed.gov/fastfacts/display.asp?id=30http://www.nea.org/home/16332.htmhttp://credo.stanford.edu/documents/NCSS%202013%20Final%20Draft.pdfhttp://www.publiccharters.org/About-Charter-Schools/What-are-Charter-Schools003F.aspxhttp://www.calcharters.org/understanding/what-are-charter-schools.htmlhttp://nces.ed.gov/fastfacts/display.asp?id=30http://www.nea.org/home/16332.htmhttp://credo.stanford.edu/documents/NCSS%202013%20Final%20Draft.pdfhttp://www.publiccharters.org/About-Charter-Schools/What-are-Charter-Schools003F.aspxhttp://www.calcharters.org/understanding/what-are-charter-schools.html


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its popularit# and the reasons that have pushed people to sa# it is unhealth# will be our target in this research.

7ast %ood has gotten its popularit# because 4It8s eas#! it8s %illing! and it8s convenient and inepensive.;ompared to other %oods it8s something that working people and ordinar# people can go out and enjo#. conaldsis the most popular %ast %ood chain. 'he all-American meal is hamburger! %ries and a coke or a shake. conald8srevolutioni/ed %ast %ood. 'he# introduced a wa# to eat %ood without knives! %orks or plates. ost %ast %oods can beeaten while steering the wheel o% a car and the restaurants are usuall# drive through. 7urthermore 'he design o% a%ast %ood restaurant is ver# well thought out. 'he seats in %ast %ood restaurants are com%ortable but not toocom%ortable and the colors are bright primar# colors! which are designed to make #ou sit but eventuall# get up andleave. 'he# don8t want #ou to linger to long4. In addition! hamburgers have had a long wa# with %ast %ood. 4'he new4wrap4 concept is also considered %ast %ood and is the newest concept in the %ast %ood business. 'he chickennugget changed the wa# Americans ate chicken. 'he overwhelming majorit# o% chicken sold is as chunks andprocessed meat as opposed to whole birds. In the %ast %ood! chicken has twice as much %at as hamburgers becausethe# are %ried. But continue to gain popularit# with the public4. oreover as we know the most o% %ast %ood is %riedwhich is so deliciase and its taste is great! and people don8t seem to care about their health# as well as a %oodtaste. Besides 4onl# a %ew %ast %ood companies such as Kentuck# 7ried ;hicken has changed its name (to K7;!) inorder to be more responsible in the wa# the compan# is presented to the public. I don8t think people8s eating habitshave become healthier.


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-;BS=ews. Americans Are Cbsessed with 7ast 7oodH 'he ark Side o% the All-American eal.httpHLLwww.cbsnews.comLnewsLamericans-are-obsessed-with-%ast-%ood-the-dark-side-o%-the-all-american-mealL.anN0!+,,+.

-en8s &ealth. 'he 7ast 7ood 'hat a# ;ause ;ancer. httpHLLwww.menshealth.comLhealthLthe-%ast-%ood-that-ma#-cause-cancer.7eb>!+,0N

-Brain# uote. httpHLLwww.brain#$uote.comL$uotesLke#wordsL%ast-%ood.html.

-=ational 1eographic.httpHLLscience.nationalgeographic.comLscienceLarticleL%ood-how-sa%e.html.a#!+,,+

#he importance of innovation management policy in 8apan 9A'stract:Itaru (apan)

Almost all the products and services available in societ# are the result o% technolog#. 9ithout technolog#!the world as we know it toda# would not eist.Some technologies are developed and produced b# pro%it-orientedcompanies. 9hat i% a compan# is success%ul with a new technolog#5 'his means a process what we callVinnovation* occurred. And then! innovation is the biggest concern to world companies in recent decades not onl#

because innovation is a major driving %orce in organi/ations or companies in order to improve their technolog# andproducts! but also because it is a source o% competitive advantage! which gives them a dominant position in amarket. 'oda# it is! however! an etremel# di%%icult problem %or industries and %irms to keep encouraging innovation.

At this point! the management o% technological innovation is one o% the most demanding challenges to them.9hen it comes to national level! a ke# challenge in innovation is how to manage the whole industries and

companies with holistic perspective in terms o% national competitiveness and economic growth. Indeed! innovationis %undamentall# the task o% private sector and entrepreneursG however! %or getting more bene%its e%%ectivel#!innovation had better to be managed b# not onl# companies and industries but also government bodies. 'hereason is that the innovation management %orms the %oundation %or economic growth and determines national andorgani/ational competitiveness.

9ith regard to the econom# in apan! the econom# has been mired in a de%lationar# spiral %or decades.Cne o% the main reasons is an economic phenomenon called Vbubble econom#* in which prices! especiall# assetprices! rise above their true value and continue doing so until prices %all sharpl#. Since the apanese econom#

su%%ered %rom the emergence o% the economic bubble in the late 02,s and its burst in the earl# 022,s! theeconom# has been in a long recession %or the long run. 7urthermore! recentl# two severe shocks O thecredit crisistriggered b# the "ehman de%ault in +,, and the 1reat ast apan arth$uake in +,00 O also gave a blow toapanese econom#. 9hile the economic situation in apan seems to have been graduall# recovered in recent#ears as a whole! a long-term and strategic polic# is needed %or %uture economic growth in terms o% innovation.

Besides! there is another serious problem from the perspective of international competitiveness in Japan.According to IMD World Competitiveness Ranking 2!"# Japan ranks 2$th although in !%&% Japan 'as one of themost competitive advanced economies. 'he latest statistics (he )lobal Innovation Inde*2!"also shows thatapan ranks ++ndin innovation! well behind Asian rivals like &ong Kong (@th) ! Singapore (th)! and South Korea(0th).

'hat is wh# one purpose o% this research paper is to o%%er a bird*s-e#e view o% innovation managementpolic# b# government which mainl# encourages domestic industries or companies as a source o% economic growthand national competitiveness. 'he other is to discuss more e%%ective solutions especiall# to apanese innovationpolic#.

'oda# innovation management is an essential part o% technolog# polic#. Cne o% the crucial roles ininnovation management polic# is to give a compan# or an industr# a wa# to predict %uture events more e%%ectivel#instead o% non-planning and non-rational process. 'o put it concretel#! there are some t#pical t#pes o% innovationmanagement policiesG such as research and development (


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and 'echnological evelopment 7ramework ?rogram (7?). 'he signi%icant %eature o% the 7? is that technolog#roadmaps! %unding programs and the wise use! government policies and initiatives! and the long-term strategies arewell s#nthesi/ed. C% course! in apan several states have decided to opt out o% theetension o% edicaid.

1enerall# speaking! emocratic-controlled states embrace the re%orm and


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'he direct e%%ect o% the A;A is to provide access to health insurance to most poor American people. 7irstl#!it covers people below >F and with incomes up to 0N percent o% the %ederal povert# level. Secondl#! the A;Acreates an Dinsurance health marketplaceE where people %rom 0,, up to R,, percent o% the %ederal povert# levelcan purchase a subsidi/ed private insurance (Shin! Sharac and


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%unds! the result will be an increase o% their capacit# and $ualit# o% health.'he $uestion is wh# there are some states that opt-out. 'here are several reasons. Cn the one hand! as

republicans voted against the Act! it is understandable that the states the# control don*t want to implement it. Cn theother hand! the economic circumstances and social securit# background ma# be behind the state governmentdecision.

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The Globe - November/December 2013

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