The global movement for Maternal Death Surveillance and Response (MDSR) Prepared by Professor Wendy...
-
Upload
beverly-ford -
Category
Documents
-
view
213 -
download
0
Transcript of The global movement for Maternal Death Surveillance and Response (MDSR) Prepared by Professor Wendy...
The global movement for
Maternal Death Surveillance
and Response(MDSR)
Prepared by Professor Wendy J Graham
WHO, 2004
Confidential Enquiries into Maternal Deaths:United Kingdom, Malaysia, Sri Lanka, South Africa, Egypt
Maternal death reviews (MDR) have been shown to be effective in improving team work, management and quality of care.
46 AFRO countries (2011):15% have established required policies & are conducting MDR at facility and community levels.68% of countries are conducting facility-based MDR in selected districts. 17% of countries had no information available.
Why is there renewed interest in maternal death reviews?
Why a global movement?
The Millennium Development Goals (MDGs)
1990-2015
On Track for MDG 5(a) only (1)Equatorial Guinea
On track for MDGs 4 and 5a (8)Bangladesh, Cambodia, China, Egypt, Eritrea, Lao PDR, Nepal and Vietnam
On track for MDG 4 only (15)Bolivia, Brazil, Guatemala, Indonesia, Iraq, Korea DPR, Kyrgyz Republic, Liberia, Madagascar, Malawi, Mexico, Morocco, Peru, Philippines, Solomon Islands
Progress on maternal and child survival : 75 highest-burden countries (2012)
The Continuum of CareDo all women, newborns and children have access to the essential continuum of care?
Continuum of care: Ethiopia 2011
ANC
1 vi
sit
Neo
nata
l Tet
nus
2+ T
etan
us In
jecti
ons
ANC
4/4+
visi
ts
SAD
Insti
tutio
nal d
eliv
erie
s
Post
nata
l visi
t
Brea
stfe
edin
g
DPT
1 d
ose
Full
Vacc
ine
Cont
race
ptive
use
Met
nee
d
0102030405060708090
100
Poorest 2 3 4 Richest
%
Uptake
Source: Analysis of DHS data; Graham & Fitzmaurice, 2013 – most recent birth only
“Maternal mortality is much more than a medical issue”
Ban Ki-moon
United Nations Secretary General
UN General Assembly 2009
http://www.everywomaneverychild.org
Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon launches the Global Strategy for Women’s and Children’s Health (Sept 2010)
Commission’s 10 recommendations have been translated into a common strategic work plan, with priority areas including:
• birth and death registration• monitoring of results• maternal death surveillance and response• strengthening use of ICT• resource tracking• national mechanisms for review and accountability• advocacy for action
Maternal Death Surveillance & Response: a continuous action cycle at community, facility,
regional & national levels
Surveillance
Response
Identify & notify deaths
Review deaths
Respond & monitor response
Analyse & makerecommendations
Maternal Death Surveillance & Response
“A maternal death surveillance and response system that includes maternal death identification, reporting, review and response can provide the essential information to stimulate and guide actions to prevent future maternal deaths and improve the measurement of maternal mortality.”
(Bull World Health Organ Nov 2011;89:779–779A)
May 2013
What lessons were learnt from existing death review systems?
• Review-process focused• Facility deaths only• Deaths not notifiable• Physician-driven• Health sector only• Culture of blame & legal
issues ignored• Ad hoc capture of data• Limited lessons for
action at national level
• Action-focused • Facility & community deaths• Deaths are notifiable events• Multi-professional • Multi-sectoral responsibility• Culture of no-blame & legal
framework addressed• Systematic capture & use• Lessons learnt at all levels
MDSR
Why is MDSR important?
What opportunities does MDSR provide?
• Provides information for action• Connects actions to results• Makes maternal death visible at local & national levels• Sensitizes communities & facility health workers• Boosts country ownership of data• Provides data in real time• Enables progress towards capturing all deaths
What are the challenges faced in implementing MDSR?
Engaging communities
Weak data availability & quality
Human resource requirements
Need for continuous commitment at all levels
Building enabling environment of “no blame” & legal framework (protection, anonymity, confidentiality)
Common concerns with death reviews
• Patients: concern that illegal behaviour will be punished (e.g. abortion, under-age marriage)
• Families: concern for repercussions (not seeking care, being involved in illegal behaviour)
• Health workers: concern for prosecution or job loss
• Facilities: concern for lost reputation & legal costs• Committee members: concern for adverse
reactions from colleagues or management
Some consequences of concerns
• Under-reporting• Misreporting• Defensive behaviour• Diverts attention
from actions to save lives of mothers & newborns
Fostering the essential culture of “no blame”
• Acknowledgment throughout system that mistakes do happen
• Constructive approach to learning from every death• Identifying preventive measures for the future as
over-riding priority• Use of multi-professional committee to build team
solidarity• Participation of community representatives to
explain value & results to wider audience
Pearson, L. et al (2009). Maternal death reviews in Africa. International Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics, 106, 89-94.
“The presence of a legal framework is a driving force behind MDSR systems ,and is critical to mitigating legal challenges on numerous levels including for
the patient, family, health professional and facility”
International Example:United Kingdom
• “No name, no blame” is a fundamental principle • Both women who have died AND the health
providers remain anonymous during reviews• Two government acts guarantee confidentiality• Reviews cannot be used in litigation,
management sanctions or personal blame
International experience: India
• Motherhood is the top priority of India’s Rural Health Mission• Confidential, non-threatening environment created to allow
documentation and analysis of factors leading to adverse maternal outcomes
• Informed consent and confidentiality ensured• Confidentiality protected when sharing findings• Result has been openness in reporting, trust across the system
and better data
Why is Ethiopia at the forefront of the global movement for MDSR?
• RMNCH is a top national priority• FMoH’s strong ownership of MDSR• Action-focused MDSR from outset• Strong champions• Existing expertise & experience• Community link enabled by HDA• High level commitment to maintaining momentum started today• Enabling environment being built, including legal framework