THE GBRCN CONCEPT · infrastructure, their difficulties. TWO MAYOR OUTCOMES FROM OECD-BRC...

THE GBRCN CONCEPTTHE GBRCN CONCEPT

A GLOBAL BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES‘ CENTRES A GLOBAL BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES‘ CENTRES NETWORK

ITS FUNCTIONS AND STRUCTURE

D. Fritze, Simpósio de Coleções de Culturas, 25º Congresso Brasileiro deMicrobiologia – SBM, Porto De Galinhas - PE/ Brasil, 8 - 12 Nov. 2009

Copyright GBRCN Demonstration Project ©

TOPICS ADDRESSEDTOPICS ADDRESSED

�Why BRCs and a GBRCN ?�Why BRCs and a GBRCN ?

�The Difference of a GBRCN from other Networks

�Projected Areas of Work and�Projected Areas of Work and

�Structure and Governance of the GBRCN


WHY DO WE NEED EX-SITU COLLECTIONS OF MICROBIOLOGICAL MATERIAL?OF MICROBIOLOGICAL MATERIAL?

● in-situ maintenance in an unaltered status is not possible

● in-situ conservation is - with the presently available technology -not feasible, at least uncertain

● pure cultures are needed for straight forward academic and ● pure cultures are needed for straight forward academic and industrial research; avoiding repeated re-isolation of strains

● reference strains, such as type strains, quality control and test ● reference strains, such as type strains, quality control and test strains need to be readily available; archives for future, providing continuity

● research (literature) strains and patent strains available from a competent (safe, secure, stable) and neutral place


Service Collections equal Company Strategies where Research and Development < and > Marketable Products Research and Development < and > Marketable Products

are balanced:

ideas in the beginning3000 ideas in the beginning

concrete ideas decided to be discussed

patent applications evolve

3000

600-700

150 patent applications evolve

patents are granted

concrete projects formulated internally; at that stage 60% of the patents could be rated useless if judged short-

150

100

40of the patents could be rated useless if judged short-sightedly, resp. >98 % of all ideas at the beginning!

remain over the time for further development, according to 20internal politics, finances, overall development etc.

are filtered down

product/process is put onto the market

1-2

1

Holdings of Service Collections are like a Cornucopia,

product/process is put onto the market1


Holdings of Service Collections are like a Cornucopia, a Rich Source from which can be drawn

MICROORGANISMS CONSTITUTE A RICH SOURCE FOR BIOTECHNOLOGYFOR BIOTECHNOLOGY

WHITE = industrial applications; processing and production of chemicals, materials, and production of chemicals, materials, energy; or GREY = environmental applications; sustainable technological solutions to protect environment, classical fermentations

BLUE = applications from marine organisms

environment, classical fermentations

RED = pharmaceutical, medical applications; e.g. regenerative

MICROORGANISMS

applications; e.g. regenerative medicine, gene therapy, new drugs;disease or population driven

GREEN = agri – food applications, e.g. improvement of plant breeding techniques, improvement of plant breeding techniques, development of GM crops and plants, domestication of wild plant candidates


FUTURE DEMANDS

increased research on and development increased research on and development from of living biological material

triggers/demands

increased global exchange of living increased global exchange of living biological material

increased coordinated/ harmonised processes for

- safety (im-, export, transport, who is entitled to work with which material, ..)

- security (unauthorized access to material and data)- security (unauthorized access to material and data)- legitimacy, meeting the requirements of CBD- quality of the material (comparability under QM aspects)- stability, purity, authenticity, performance of the material - stability, purity, authenticity, performance of the material

(comparability under scientific and systematic aspects)

OECD INITIATIVE FOR THE OECD INITIATIVE FOR THE TRANSITION OF CULTURE COLLECTIONS TO

BIOLOGICAL RESOURCE CENTRES (BRC) BIOLOGICAL RESOURCE CENTRES (BRC)

triggered bytriggered by

● recognition of the importance of living biological material of high quality for bio-economy, research and development

● rising and changing demands of the scientific user communities

● multitude of regulations, national and regional variations ● multitude of regulations, national and regional variations

● aspects of biosecurity (transborder movement)

● recognising the differences in CC development, ● recognising the differences in CC development, infrastructure, their difficulties

TWO MAYOR OUTCOMES FROM OECD-BRC INITIATIVE

1. ‘BRCs – Underpinning the Future of Life Sciences and Biotechnology‘

<www.SourceOECD.org>Compilation of the present status of CCs / BRCs and Recommendations to

● Governments

● Scientific Policy Makers

● other Stakeholders● other Stakeholders

Recognition that Biological Resource Centres : ● are an essential part of the infrastructure underpi nning biotechnology● are an essential part of the infrastructure underpi nning biotechnology● must meet the high standards of quality and expertise demanded by the international community of scientists and industry for the delivery of biological information and materials ● must provide access to biological resources on which R&D in the life sciences and the advancement of biotechnology depends

RECOMMENDATIONS CONCENTRATED ON:

1. Establish national BRCs: .... seek to strengthen existing ex-situcollections ......, when needed, create collections of new resources ....... and raise those collections to the quality required for accreditation ....... and raise those collections to the quality required for accreditation as national BRCs.

2. Develop an accreditation system for BRCs based o n international criteria: ... support development of an accreditation international criteria: ... support development of an accreditation system for BRCs ........ for quality, expertise and financial stability.

3. Create international linkages among BRCs: ......Facilitate international co-ordination among BRCs ..... modern informatics international co-ordination among BRCs ..... modern informatics systems that link biological data to biological materials across BRCs and upon common technological frameworks.

4. Co-ordinate standards, rules and regulations tak ing BRCs into account: .... Develop policies to harmonize the operational parameters under which BRCs function, including those governing access to biological resources as well as their exchange and distribution..... biological resources as well as their exchange and distribution.....

5. Establish a global BRC network: Support the establishment of a global BRC network ...... to enhance access to BRCs and foster global BRC network ...... to enhance access to BRCs and foster international co-operation and economic development.

2. AS A RESPONSE TO THE RECOMMENDATIONS:

2: Develop accreditation systems

2. AS A RESPONSE TO THE RECOMMENDATIONS:

2: Develop accreditation systems4: Develop common rules and standards

Compilation of Best Practice Guidelines Compilation of Best Practice Guidelines for BRCs

3: Create international linkages

>> www.oecd.org/sti/biotechnology > Publications and Documents

3: Create international linkages 5: Establish a global BRC network

Development of Strategies for the setting up of a G BRCNDevelopment of Strategies for the setting up of a G BRCN

Development of the GBRCN - Demonstration Project on Microorganisms and Cooperation with related Projects

Microorganism domain projects developed in parallel or as consequence:

EU Proj. EMbaRC = creates ‘09/‘12

other nat. (e.g. Brazil) + reg. projects

‘07/‘08 ‘08/‘11 ’12 – xx?‘99/‘06

or as consequence: European GBRCN Node‘09/‘12

BRC Task Force ; best practices

steering c‘ttee

GBRCN Demons. Proj.; Secretariat in G; Partners; initial focus

true, long term GBRCNestablishment

‘07/‘08 ‘08/‘11 ’12 – xx?‘99/‘06 CO

OP

ER

ATIO

NS

practices Partners; initial focus on microorganisms

establishment enlargement

CO

OP

ER

ATIO

NSRecomm.: Separate

CO

OP

ER

ATIO

NSRecomm.: Separate

Demons. Proj.; focus human derived mat.

EU Proj. BBMRIhuman der. mat.

BBMRI Demons. Proj. Secretariat in

’08/‘10 ’10 – ‘13


human der. mat. prep. phase

Proj. Secretariat in AU, aim to globalise

CULTURE COLLECTIONS HAVE A LONG TRADITION OF COOPERATION

WDCM 1960ies, WFCC 1974

TRADITION OF COOPERATION

globallyWDCM 1960ies, WFCC 1974

and regional substructures (e.g. ECCO

and national substructures (USFCC, UKFCC, BCCM, ..)UKFCC, BCCM, ..)

european projects that emerged from ECCO platform

MINE (1986 – 1989, 1990 – 1993)

Microbial Information Network Europe

european projects that emerged from ECCO platform

Microbial Information Network Europe

CABRI (1996 – 1999)

Common Access to Biological Resources

EBRCN (2001 – 2004)

Common Access to Biological Resources and Information; www.cabri.org

European Biological Resources Centres‘ Network

DIFFERENTIATION FROM AND OVERLAP AND COOPERATION WITH SIMILAR INITIATIVES SIMILAR INITIATIVES

RELATING TO COLLECTIONS OF BIOLOGICAL MATERIAL

global voluntary‘dedicated / delivery bound‘

data; mainly herbaria, nat. hist. museum

inanimate, dead

global

GBIFSciColl

WFCC

laboratory

delivery bound‘

‘microbial‘

nat. hist. museuminanimate, dead specimen

GBRCN

laboratory held, living, propagatable

regional ACM, Asia

BBMRI, Europe

EMBRC, Europe

human derived, primary material

marinemicrobial

AsiaEMbaRC, Europe

EuropeECCO, Europe

Europe

JSCCnational

individual BRCs and

CC

USFCCand

networks of BRCsFOCUS

CC

STRUCTURE GBRCN STRUCTURE GBRCN

VIRTUAL NETWORK GBRCNcandidate

links to other

BRC associate

BRC

National Net of BRCs

initiativescoordinating secretariat of

GBRCN; BRCof BRCs GBRCN; hosted by xx

harmonisation of /agreement on

FOUR MAIN AREAS OF ACTIVITIES

effective electronical linking through interfaces delivering Information and ‚information tools‘

harmonisation of /agreement on scientific/technical procedures of relevance for the quality of the resources Information and ‚information tools‘resources

BRC

GBRCN

BRCBRC

‚legislation giving‘ Institutions other data GBRCN

BRCBRC

Institutions

other networks

other data bases

harmonisation of / agreement on administrative activities,

BRC

Possibly: brokering, initiating

other networks

on administrative activities, triggered through regulations

Possibly: brokering, initiating and linking of research activities, which serve the three other goalsthree other goals

WHAT WOULD BE THE IMPROVED CAPABILITY OF A BRC?

e.g. not only to be able to deposit ‘more‘ but to be able to check better on deposit

WHAT WOULD BE THE IMPROVED CAPABILITY OF A BRC?

better on deposit

- expl. from DSMZ experienceE. coli safety host for plasmids - Citrobacter RG2today 10 % ‘wrong‘ depositstoday 10 % ‘wrong‘ deposits

but: involves increased costs !

WHAT WOULD BE IMPROVED CAPABILITIES OF A GBRCN ?

global capacity to dedicatedly work on agreements of proceduresglobal capacity to dedicatedly work on agreements of procedures- type strain deposit- strain release- how to authenticate material- how to authenticate material- comparison, compilation of regulative works, find common ways

- react to political challenges, e.g. biosecurity


- react to political challenges, e.g. biosecurity

Some Consideration on one of the Work Areas:THE GBRCN RESOURCE FOR DATA AND INFORMATION THE GBRCN RESOURCE FOR DATA AND INFORMATION ON LIVING BIOLOGICAL MATERIAL

Developing an information resource today needs a modern approach:

- shift from simple aim- shift from simple aim‘as many as possible data‘ or‘as many as possible users of a DB‘ to

‘as effective as possible uses of the information in a data base‘

For that we will need to developFor that we will need to develop- barrier free access to information- intelligent tools for search- transparency to the quality of data- transparency to the quality of data- tools to enable also the ‘not-so-experienced‘ users to participate- a step-wise transformation from simple putting online of raw

data to the development of strategies how to offer themdata to the development of strategies how to offer them- easy international access

LINKAGE OF ALL KINDS OF DATA FOR MINING AND FURTHER INTERPRETATIONAND FURTHER INTERPRETATION

tertiary datatertiary data

ecological epidemiologicalrisk

secondary data

assessmentsapplications

metabolicphylogenetic

secondary data

systematic metabolicphylogenetic information, e.g. trees

primary data

systematic taxonomic

genetic information

cell components physiologicalgeographic

primary data

imagesgenetic information

culture/strain/cell line

images

FORM AND STRUCTURE OF GBRCN Intergovernmental organisations with a strong Intergovernmental organisations with a strong

thematic overlap with GBRCN

FAO = agricultural, food

TH

EM

ATIC

OV

ER

LAP

WIT

H G

BR

CN

IUCN = legal

TH

EM

ATIC

OV

ER

LAP

WIT

H G

BR

CN

UNESCO/UNIDO = capacity building

TH

EM

ATIC

OV

ER

LAP

WIT

H G

BR

CN

WHO = biosafety /-security

TH

EM

ATIC

OV

ER

LAP

WIT

H G

BR

CN

GBIF = biodiversity data

TH

EM

ATIC

OV

ER

LAP

WIT

H G

BR

CN

CBD = ABS

Copyright GBRCN Demonstration Project ©T

HE

MAT

IC O

VE

RLA

P W

ITH

GB

RC

N

CBD = ABS

FORM AND STRUCTURE OF THE GBRCN -WHICH FINAL FORM WILL BE APPROPRIATE ? WHICH FINAL FORM WILL BE APPROPRIATE ?

Institutional models so far considered:

Option 1: An international scientific and technical network of like-minded Option 1: An international scientific and technical network of like-minded researchers and institutions, with no inter-governmental basis of its own (such as the World Federation of Culture Collections).

Option 2: An autonomous foundation or non-profit organisation, established under national law, which embraces State and non-State actors; such as IUCN (International Union for the Conservation of Nature) or GBIF (Global (International Union for the Conservation of Nature) or GBIF (Global Biodiversity Information Facility).

Option 3: An independent body operating through an existing Option 3: An independent body operating through an existing intergovernmental organisation; such as the Codex Alimentarius Commission which operates through FAO and WHO, or an independent body within OECD or UNESCO.or UNESCO.

Option 4: A formally binding international convention with its own international Secretariat; such as the CBD (Convention on Biological Diversity).

Copyright GBRCN Demonstration Project ©(option 2 favoured)

FORM AND STRUCTURE OF THE GBRCNComponents to be discussed:

� Operational model● Infrastructure models/Governance

The means to establish and operationalise the GBRCN

● Infrastructure models/Governance● Legal framework● Social impact● Policy needs

MoU● Policy needs● The Secretariat● Host● Membership membership ● Membership● Membership commitments● Management

� Portal and Information system

membership agreement

� Portal and Information system� Capacity building � Implementation of best practice� Establishing and Growth of the Network� Establishing and Growth of the Network

● Regional/national nodes● BRCs process for joining● Funding mechanisms


SELECTION OF HOST COUNTRY FOR SECRETARIATSELECTION OF HOST COUNTRY FOR SECRETARIAT

host is fixed only for Demonstration Project period : 2008 – 2011

• where should the secretariat be hosted• where should the secretariat be hosted

• how to select host country and institution - a bidding process to be put in place

• should it be permanently in one and the same place or should it move every few years

• what support should be expected from hosting country or institution• what support should be expected from hosting country or institution

• how to make sure that host country does not exert too strong influence within the GBRCN (while is it understood that some legitimate reward may be expected)may be expected)


COSTS AND FUNDING MECHANISMS FORNETWORK, CENTRAL SECRETARIAT AND BRCSNETWORK, CENTRAL SECRETARIAT AND BRCS

period 2008 – 2011

networkfrom 2011 - ...EU-Partner:

● EMbaRC● own funds to be developed:

partners

● own fundsnon-EU Partner:● own funds

to be developed:

EU projects

other regional projects

centralsecretariat

● own funds● to be developed

other regional projects

UNESCO / UNEP / UNIDOsecretariat

● BMBF● DSMZ● CABI

UNIDO

other intergovernmental organisations

● CABI● to be developed

● to be

national projects

government funding

othernetwork of networks


● to be developed

other

CONCLUSIONS

The time has come to modernise microbial culture collections worldwide at a technical, scientific, administrative and infrastructural level of quality that is technical, scientific, administrative and infrastructural level of quality that is necessary to meet the needs of future biotechnological and biomedical research and development.

Consequently, microbial collections are needed around the world, equipped Consequently, microbial collections are needed around the world, equipped with techniques and expertise to cope with the depth and breadth of emerging biodiversity; providing access to high quality biological material and scientific services while at the same time observing donor countries' rights, intellectual services while at the same time observing donor countries' rights, intellectual property rights, biosafety and biosecurity aspects.

The challenge is to keep abreast of developments in taxonomy and The challenge is to keep abreast of developments in taxonomy and systematics, as well as new methods for the authentication and identification, cultivation and maintenance of cultures.

As this will be especially difficult on an individual basis, cooperation and As this will be especially difficult on an individual basis, cooperation and harnessing the power of networking on a national, regional and global level will be the only way forward to achieve sustainable support for the various shades of 'green', 'red' or 'white' biotechnology.


of 'green', 'red' or 'white' biotechnology.

OBRIGADA !OBRIGADA !


THE GBRCN CONCEPT · infrastructure, their difficulties. TWO MAYOR OUTCOMES FROM OECD-BRC...

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