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The FuturePotential ofCable

John T. Chapman

Cisco Fellow

CMTS Chief Architect

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Typical Cable Spectrum

! 116 158 downstream carriers. Equivalent to 4.5 6 Gbps! Legacy services under-utilize the available bandwidth.

In this example, a 750 MHz plant is running at 10% efficiency. Thus, a 10ximprovement can be made through migration of services.

Service

Broadcast

Analog

Video

Broadcast

Digital

Video

Switched

Digital

Video

Converged

IP/DOCSIS

Transport

Technology NTSC MPEG2 MPEG2 D3.0, MPEG4

Relative

Bandwidth

Efficiency

2% 20% 40% 100%

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Three Step Plan for Cable

The National Broadband Plan can help by implementing policies thatencourage:

1. Migration from analog video to digital video2. Migration from broadcast video to switched digital video (SDV)3. Migration from separate service transports to a single converged

IP transport for all data, voice, and video.

BroadcastAnalogVideo

BroadcastDigitalVideo

SwitchedDigitalVideo

ConvergedD/V/V IP

Transport

1 2 3

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DOCSIS

! DOCSIS is a technology for building a broadband pipe over theCable HFC (Hybrid Fiber-Coax) network.

Standardized in 1996, DOCSIS works by putting IP packets onto thesame radio frequency (RF) carriers that TV channels use.

Initial service tiers were 1-2 Mbps down and 384 kbps up.

Current service tiers are typically 12-24 Mbps down and 1-2 Mbps up.

! The latest version, DOCSIS 3.0, bonds multiple channels (4 to 8)channels together to create a larger pipe.

Service rates can be 20 to 200 Mbps in the downstream and 5 to 50 Mbps in the

upstream.

! DOCSIS can eventually be scaled to 1 to 5 Gbps in thedownstream and up to 1 Gbps in the upstream per node.

This is shared bandwidth per node. Today, the typical node group is 500homes, but this can be reduced to 125 or lower as needed.

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Growth in Consumer Bandwidth

1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020

1 kbps

1 Mbps

1 Gbps

10 kbps

100 kbps

10 Mbps

100 Mbps

100 bps

If you are old enough to remember 300 baud modems, you will

be young enough to see 1,000,000,000 bps (Gbps) modems

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Two Most Important Concepts

! The Hybrid Fiber-Coax (HFC) plant the cable operatorsdeploy has plenty of bandwidth potential.

Upgrades can provide fiber-like performance at a fraction of thecost of deploying a new fiber network.

IP and MPEG4 migration are critical parts of moving to moremodern transports for increased network efficiency.

Encourage Service Providers to continue to invest intheir infrastructure.

Incremental upgrades will continually expand broadbandcapacity.

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