The Future of the US program Pier Oddone Symposium for the 30 th anniversary celebration of the...

The Future of the US programThe Future of the US program

Pier Oddone

Symposium for the 30th anniversary celebration of the US/Japan

Agreement on High Energy Physics

October 21st, 2010

Drivers for the programDrivers for the program

Drivers for the US program are simple and universal: the quest to solve the profound mysteries that surround us

The ability to bring together the teams to solve these mysteries:

The next generation of accelerators The next generation of detector technology New simulation, computation and analysis techniques

Pier Oddone, 30th Anniversay Japan/US, 2010Pier Oddone, 30th Anniversay Japan/US, 2010 22

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The triumphs …………………..The triumphs …………………..

The present theory is a remarkable intellectual construction

Every particle experiment ever done fits in the framework

Pier Oddone, 30th Anniversay Japan/US, 2010Pier Oddone, 30th Anniversay Japan/US, 2010

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…………………………. and the mysteries. and the mysteries

Mystery one: why are we here? From what we learned we should be a soup of photons!!!

Matter and antimatter annihilation.

We need to violate symmetry!


Is it quarks? neutrinos? higgses?Is it quarks? neutrinos? higgses?

The B factories asymmetries in quark sector are too small

Use as substrate to understand the presence of new interactions

Super B – factories in Japan (and Italy?)


Is it quarks? neutrinos? higgses? Is it quarks? neutrinos? higgses?

Quark sector also studied at Tevatron and LHCb

Are we starting to see “anomalous” CP violation in Bs decays?

To be followed up with Tevatron extension, LHCb, and Super-B factories


BX

X

0B0B

Is it neutrinos? Is it neutrinos?

Leptogenesis is an attractive alternative

Requires CP violation in heavy neutrino sector

We are far from understanding neutrinos, their masses, mixings, and CP violation


Detector

e+

–

Detector

e–+

+

–

“ e ”

e

Is P( e) P( e)?

Matter

CP

Antimatter

Project X

Neutrino physicsMuon physicsKaon physics

Nuclear physics

Project X

Neutrino physicsMuon physicsKaon physics

Nuclear physics

RemoveAccelerators from Cockroft-Walton though Booster and Booster neutrino.

All the green onesincluding MuCOOL stay

Is it neutrinos?Is it neutrinos?Ultimate GoalUltimate Goal

multi MW beamlarge detector (a few 100 kton)

long distance (> 1,200 km)

Pier Oddone, 30th Anniversay Pier Oddone, 30th Anniversay Japan/US, 2010Japan/US, 2010

Project X provides:neutrinos

muonskaons nuclei

“simultaneously”

2 MW (60-120 GeV)

2 MW (60-120 GeV)1300 km1300 km

88

Neutrinossince 2013:

NOvA, MINERvAMicroBooNE

810 km 700 kW

Pier Oddone, 30th Anniversay Pier Oddone, 30th Anniversay Japan/US, 2010Japan/US, 2010

Is it neutrinos?Is it neutrinos?Intermediate StepsIntermediate Steps

NOvA (off-axis)MINERvASeaQuest

MicroBooNE (LAr TPC)

NOvA

SeaQuest

99

More surprises in neutrinos ?More surprises in neutrinos ?


Is it neutrinos?Is it neutrinos?

The attack on neutrino parameters is broad:

Fermilab (MINOS, MINERvA, MiniBooNE and MicroBooNE, NOvA, LBNE) and JPARC beams (T2K, HyperK): different baselines, different energies

Reactor experiments: Double Chooz and Daya Bay Neutrino-less double B decay: Majorana and EXO New technologies: scale up of liquid argon TPCs to

many kilotons R&D on neutrino factory


Or from higgses?Or from higgses?

From decays of Higgs at future lepton colliders discover a new source of CP violation (e.g. angular correlations to specific decays)

Solves the mystery of why matter dominates over antimatter

1212Pier Oddone, 30th Anniversay Japan/US, 2010Pier Oddone, 30th Anniversay Japan/US, 2010

1313


Mystery two: what gives mass to elementary particles?

Mass of composite particles understood E=mc2.

But the theory has zero masses for quarks and leptons. What breaks the symmetry?


1414


Mystery three: are there extra dimensions of space as string theories require to make sense of gravity ?

Mystery four: are there new symmetries (such as supersymmetry or SUSY)


HiggsHiggs


1616

Continuing attack at the TevatronContinuing attack at the Tevatron

CDF Detector at the TevatronD0 Detector at the Tevatron


1717CMSPier Oddone, 30th Anniversay Japan/US, 2010Pier Oddone, 30th Anniversay Japan/US, 2010

ATLAS muon detectorsATLAS muon detectors

1818Pier Oddone, 30th Anniversay Japan/US, 2010Pier Oddone, 30th Anniversay Japan/US, 2010ATLAS

Higgs searchesHiggs searches


For very light Higgs, Tevatron is competitive through 2014 in the principal decay mode to the b-bbar – LHC needs about 30 fb-1 to get results for b-bbar mode

Biggest decision of the decade !Biggest decision of the decade !

By far the easiest!A global program

LHC Results

ILC Enough

ILC not enough

CLIC

Muon collider

or

or


2222


Mystery five: why are there three families of quarks and leptons?

The 18 parameters of the Standard Model: you would not be here without them

The whole issue of flavor and the couplings to what lies beyond is one of the deepest puzzles


Interplay: LHC Intensity Interplay: LHC Intensity

LHC

nothing

Lots

Intensity Frontier

Only handle on the next energy scale

Determine/verifystructure of new physics. Anything beyond?


Example: early discovery at LHCExample: early discovery at LHC

ATLAS discovers strongly coupled SUSY

A host of new particles: fit roughly some masses, make assumption on couplings

˜ q

˜ g

dark matter candidate 01

01

~

~

Missing ET


Large effects in kaon decay ratesLarge effects in kaon decay rates

d dW

Z

quarks

dd

WW

s d quarkss

lepts

d

d d

squarks

dd

s d squarkss

slepts

d

SM: L

BSM: L


For particular classes of SUSYFor particular classes of SUSY

Large effect on rare K decay modes highly suppressed with SM particles

Much higher SM backgrounds in B and C decays

]4[]3[00

]2[151051

]1[

10

)CL %90( 670 04.0280

731 070850 )(

Experiment (SM)Theory

)10( Ratio Branching Decay

.K

...K

L

..-


A new (g-2) to uncertainty 0.14A new (g-2) to uncertainty 0.14**1010--

1111

Model

UED

LHC


Mu2eMu2e


Mu2e can probe 10Mu2e can probe 1033 – 10 – 104 4 TeVTeV

Compositeness

SUSY

Model Parameter

New PhysicsScale (TeV)

MEG Experiment

with Project X

pre-Project X


3030


Mystery six: what is dark matter

It is everywhere, it is five times more abundant than matter.

We have strong suspicions of what it is Galaxies are spinning too fast to be

held together by gravity of the stars


The search for dark matterThe search for dark matter

COUPP (2010)

COUPP

CDMS


The search for dark matterThe search for dark matter

Next generation prototypes with noble liquids: 1) depleted liquid argon and 2) xenon

However, most of the effort is going to the detection of WIMPS, whereas dark matter could be quite different: axions at one end or super-massive particles at the other

For direct detection eventually scale one or two technologies to the ton scale


CDMS

3333


Mystery seven: what is dark energy? Not a clue!

Accelerates the expansion of the Universe!

Contains three times more energy than dark matter.


Dark EnergyDark Energy1. SDSS (Sloan Digital Sky Survey)

Ranks as highest impact facility in astronomy for the 4rd year in a row.

Baryon acoustic oscillations

2. DES (Dark Energy Survey) 4 meter telescope in Chile DES Camera under construction Operation: 2011 – 2016

3. LSST Important DOE role DOE/NSF collaboration

SDSS

DES

JDEM


Collaborative efforts at FermilabCollaborative efforts at Fermilab

International

collaborations

for our programs

27 countries

16 countries 23 countries


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Towards a unified picture….Towards a unified picture….

Is there an underlying simplicity?


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