Rachel Tan (0939902)Daphne Kook (0939647)Shah Salimat (0900887)

DMC 3B01

Future of Journalism

At A Glance

At A Glance

At A Glance

PastJournalismIn the

Remember?

The Hypodermic Needle Theory

Remember?

The Hypodermic Model

“The audience passively accepts the message,

injected by the mass media”

How was news gathered previously?

It involved:

A typical newsroom involved:• Reporters

• District correspondents

• Sub-editors & Story writers

• Cameraman

• Assignment editors

• Desk editors

• Engineers

How was news then reported?

Assignment editors

Reporters

Cameraman

District correspondents

Get news from their network

of sources (PR

professionals, locals etc.)

PublicPublic

Public Public

Write & publish article

News will then be disseminated through…

Magazines Newspapers

Radio

Television

Some styles of reporting for journalism in the past included

Investigative Journalism• Critical & thorough • Seeks to tell the documented

truth in depth without fear/favour

• Journalists as ‘watchdogs’

Yellow Journalismis biased opinion masquerading as objective fact.

Journalism Today

The Change to Today

• Interactive journalism, slowly moving to a transactional horizontal model

• Audience were commentators; they are slowly becoming watchdogs & newsmakers

• Changing definitions of “the press”

How is news gathered today?

• Monitoring online websites

• Newsrooms• Event tipoffs

In other words…

It’s the age of the Internet!

Government information

Search engine & Indices

Difficult-to-locate information

Identify potential sources

How is news reported today?

Assignment editors

Reporters

Cameraman

District correspondents

Get news from their network

of sources (PR

professionals, locals, blogs, Internet etc.)

Craft multimedia

news package

Audience

Get news from their network of

sources (other

eyewitnesses etc.)

Post on social

media/blogs

And because the audience are no longer passive, the newsroom has to adapt accordingly

News is then disseminated through…

+

1. Online Journalism

Present Journalism MediumsONLINE JOURNALISM

• Forms bulk of news consumption by audience

• Traditional news agencies use online mediums as secondary publishing platforms

• Several news organisations are online-only platforms(e.g. The Huffington Post)

Pew State of the News Media report, 2010

2. Citizen Journalism

Present Journalism MediumsCITIZEN JOURNALISM

• User-generated reports through blogs, podcasts & videos

• Highly supported by social media

• Development of pro-am partnerships(e.g. Ohmynews, Off The Bus by The Huffington Post)

Styles of reporting in journalism today include

Style Of Reporting

• Makes no claim of objectivity• Subjective viewpoint • E.g. Newspaper columns, Editorials

Aggregation of information from numerous individuals or organizations into a single news story

Agencies that break stories and sell them to other publications for post

Opposite of watchdog journalism

Journalism Tomorrow?

A change in the news model:“Everyone creates & consumes news.”

It will be an age of personalization.

The importance & relevance of a news piece is determined by the people, not the news

agencies

How will news be gathered tomorrow?

Socialisation Of News• a.k.a. The Information Divide• Accuracy VS. Immediacy

Occurrence Of Event

Published story/report by Journalist

Social Media

GAP

How will news be reported tomorrow?

1) Curative Journalism

Curative Journalism• Curation: Gathers all these fragmented pieces

of information to one location, allowing people to get access to more specialized content

• Concept of Curation / Curating news not new– News organisations have curation as a core

competency – I.e. Editors organise information for readers

What’s new?

• Despite shrinking newsrooms and overworked reporters, journalism is in fact thriving

Journalistic curator

• HOW? With the push of social media and advancements in communications technology

• WHY? Respond to readers’ need– Sort out information

Reporter / Information gatherer

Reader / Information seeker

Journalistic curator

Social Curation

From Curator to Journalist

• Does what reporters have always done – Except: done in real time & more transparent

• Help navigate readers through the vast ocean of content

• Create followers based on: – Trust – Taste – Tools

Curative Journalism Tools

What’s next for Curative Journalism?

• Role of curator will continue to grow• Watch out for:

– Trusted curators– Standards and better tools

• Creating a work force of curators will help curation grow

Anthony DeRosa, proposition leader at Reuters

“We all have access to pretty much the same information sources, aside from the investigation and journalism that

people at news agencies perform. There’s enough out there for someone who simply wants to be a helpful guide, to plant their flag and be a good resource for

whatever it is they’re interested in. You can use RSS, Twitter, Storify, Storyful and any number of other tools to

stay on top of what is happening and be a human filter for what I should be looking at.”

2) Hyperlocalisation

Hyperlocalisation• Hyperlocal News:

– Community-based news– Intended primarily for consumption by residents

of that community– May / may not be created by a resident of the

location

Hyperlocalisation Tools

• Blogs– Individual, networks, aggregators

• Wikis– WikiCity Guides partnered with Wahoo

Newspaper• Websites

– Everyblock.com– Patch.com

What’s next for Hyperlocalisation?• Too early to predict

We tried to go hyperlocal online but it didn't work. People said: "Sorry, that's not what we expect from the Chicago Tribune. We expect something different from the Chicago Tribune. If we want that kind of

information, we'll go to the Pioneer Press weekly newspaper where they have all

that stuff."

James O'Shea,Formerly from the Chicago Tribune

What’s next for Hyperlocalisation?

It may be too early to say. I continue to believe in doing great foreign and intentional

reporting.

David HillerPublisher,

Los Angeles Times

What’s next for Hyperlocalisation?

If you get it right and if you are focused on covering the local news, there's still no

better source for that news than the newspaper.

Charles BobrinskoyVice chairman,

Ariel Capital Management

The Living Magazine

How will news be disseminated tomorrow?

News Aggregators

A website that collects headlines & news story snippets from other websites

Changes in News Aggregation

From aggregated news search & discovery to personalized consumption

OLD NEW

Newsmap by Google News•Google News automatically groups news stories with similar content and places them into clusters

•Users can quickly identify which news stories have been given the most coverage, viewing the map by region, topic or time

Liquid Newsroom

Editors

Distribute news

Newsdesk

Exchange information

Eyewitness

MEDIA CONVERGENCEThe journalism of tomorrow.

Media Convergence

IMPACT

Impact 1: New Business Model

New Business Model• Revenue decreases in media with

broad coverage• News sites need to realise their “social

capital”– Build targeted communities of discourse

with layer of journalism on top– Market targeted communities to sponsors

& advertisers to create similar discourse

• Mixture of revenue channels– Government funding towards new

reporting technologies– Government can no longer fund as much

for news agencies that will not be the purveyor of breaking news

– Advertisers will pump more money if they can market to targeted communities as opposed to a cross-section market

– Crowdfunding for investigative stories

Pew State of the News Media report, 2010

E.g.: Crowd-funded Journalism

Impact 2: Traditional Mediums

Newspapers

?

The Future: Technology. On Paper.

Magazines

?

The Future: The Deconstructed Magazine.

Broadcast

?

The Future: Broadcast. On Mobile.

Impact 3: Publications/News Organisations

News Organisations Today• Newsrooms shrinking• The death of beats• The “hyperlocal”

correspondent• The rise of radar & community

desks• Increasing importance in visual

journalism• Instability of journalism careers• Multiple-platform storytelling• Multiple-timeframe storytelling

- Martin Belam, Information Architect, Guardian.co.uk

“We'll no doubt see a change in the mix of whether news is produced by the professional, the pro-am, or the

random passer-by who happens to be at the right place at the right time once with a cameraphone. From

chronicle to broadside, from broadsheet to iPhone app, the format and delivery of news has always changed as a

result of technological change and innovation, but the basic human behaviour of wanting to uncover, tell, and

share stories of common interest always remains.”

Q&A