The Function of Tongue

8/13/2019 The Function of Tongue

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FUNCTION OF

TONGUE INSTOMATOGNATHIC

SYSTEM

:P


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The function of tongue in mastication

and deglutition

Preparatory stage- the tongue is at resting

position, dorsum upwards, trough shaped to

collect food on its dorsum


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Throwing stage- after food is collected, the

anterior half of tongue twists to one side

(dorsum to lingual), throwing ingesta onto

lower teeth


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Guarding stage- tongue retains twisted position

and dorsum presses on medial side of grinding

teeth to prevent food from slipping mediallyinto buccal cavity, for food grinding, with

assistance of buccal muscles


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Sorting-out stage- chewing is complete and

buccinators muscles drives cheek medially that it

pushes food into buccal cavity and tongue. Thetongue is preparing to resume resting position and

trough shape. Uncrushed food in placed on middle

trough of tongue to be deposited on teeth, while

crushed food is more lateral on the tongue. The

movement is repeated until all food is crushed.

Bolus formation stage- overlaps with previous

stage. The tongue alreternates side to sideschurning movements to mix crushed food with

saliva, mucus coat it, and ready it for swallowing


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First dilution stage- the tip of tongue is pressed

against front teeth and anterior hard palate, to

close off mouth and pharynx. For fluids a deepgutter shape is formed.


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Slide preparation stage- The hyoid bone ispulled upwards and anteriorly, the posteriortongue is depressed towards hyoid bone. Thetongue now slopes obliquely downwards andbackwards- tip against teeth and hard palate,root against hyoid bone. Side to side it is

concave; anterioposteriorly, there is a smoothslope from mouth to oropharynx

Pressure stage- bolus forces by pressurebetween tongue and hard palate to move

backwards towards isthmus and enters thepharynx.


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Function of tongue in speech

The tongue is an articulator and can be moved

in many different places and shapes. There is

the tip, blade, front, back and root of tongue.


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Tongue height can be changed by moving the

tongue up and down, or by movement of the

lower jaw to produce: A vertical distance between upper surface of

tongue and palate

And the part of tongue between the front andback which is raised the highest

These allows us to sound different vowels


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Front vowels: front of

tongue at highest point

ae,i:

Back vowel: back oftongue at highest point u:,

a:


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Respiratory system

The tongue does not play any function in the

respiratory system.

The Function of Tongue

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