The French Renaissance · Born to the Medici family of Florence, Italy Her parents died shortly...
Transcript of The French Renaissance · Born to the Medici family of Florence, Italy Her parents died shortly...
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The royal Chateau de Chambord in the Loire Valley is one of the most recognizable chateaux in the world because of its very distinct French renaissance architecture
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Delayed because of
Black Death and
Hundred Years War
French invasion of
Italy
Proximity of Burgundy
Court
Papal Court in Avignon
Religious shifts
Behind in painting and
architecture
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1435: The Medici family dynasty begins in France 1453: Fall of Constantinople & end of the Hundred Years War 1468: Gutenberg invented the printing press 1492: Christopher Columbus discovered the Americas 1494-1559: Italian Wars: France and Austria fight over Italian
territories (Charles VIII invades Italy) 1519: Leonardo da Vinci dies in the arms of Francois I 1562-1598: The Wars of Religion: Catholics killed Huguenots
(members of the Protestant Reformed Church of France) aka French Calvinists
1572: St. Bartholomew’s Day Massacre 1589-1593: Henri IV converts France to Catholicism, ending the
Wars of Religion 1598: The Edict of Nantes is signed
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Born to the Medici family of Florence, Italy
Her parents died shortly after her birth and she became the sole heiress to everything in her parents’ possession
Arranged marriage to Henry of Orleans (the French did not like her very much, with the exception of King Francis I)
Even as the Queen of France, not much control over King Henry II rather his mistress, Diane de Poitiers, had the power
1559: King Henry II died in a tournament and Catherine’s eldest son Francis II came to the throne
Francis II ruled for 17 months then died, Charles IX came to throne, then Henry III did
She overcame the religious wars and the hatred that the French had for her with grace and still upheld the necessary power
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He was a goldsmith First assembled in
Germany Gutenberg was the first
in W. Europe to develop Renaissance era,
formatted the modern movable type (the system of printing that uses movable pieces to format individual letters/punctuation)
The Bible was the first book to be published
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Basically a huge war between multiple countries for power and territory
Involved Italy, France, Spain, the Holy Roman Empire, England, Scotland, and the Ottoman Empire
The impact of these multiple wars and the turmoil in France from King Henry II’s death and the death of his son Francis II soon led France into the…
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Fighting between the French Catholics and the Protestants (Huguenots)
Massacre of Vassey (1st Religious War) *summary
A number of other wars went on between the Catholics and the Protestants but the most well-known is probably…
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Targeted group of assassinations in Paris Wedding of the Catholic Princess Marguerite de Valois to the
Protestant Henry of Navarre Admiral Coligny was pursuing an alliance Assassin made a failed attempt on Coligny’s life 2 days later a Catholic group killed Coligny by throwing his body
from a window into the street, mutilated, castrated, dragged into mud, thrown in the river, then hung and set afire to in the middle of Paris
Led into a full-scale massacre of the Huguenots (men, women, and children) plus looting of the houses
Catholics told King Philip II of Spain and Pope Gregory XIII that a (non-existent) Huguenot coup had been avoided and they celebrated over the news
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Then there were more wars between the Huguenots and the Catholics
And finally…
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Issued April 13, 1598 by Henry IV
Granted the Protestants of France rights in a nation still predominantly Catholic
Main concern was civil unity
Separated civil from religious unity
Opened a path of tolerance and offered freedom of conscience
Reinstated civil rights for the Protestants (they could work for the state and in any field they desired)
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Italian and Flemish artists
Leonardo da Vinci, Jean Clouet
Schools of Fontainebleau
Rosso Fiorentino, Francesco Primaticcioand Niccolò dell'Abbate
Ambroise Dubois, Toussaint Dubreuil, and Martin Fréminet
Mannerism
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Leonardo da Vinci
Jean Fouquet
Portrait Miniatures Panel Paintings Illuminations
François Clouet
Miniatures
Book of Hours Portraits
Jean Cousin
Glass painter Tapestries
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Châteaux of the Loire
Valley
Philibert Delorme,
Chateau of Anet
Fontainebleau, Francis
I
Pierre Lescot renovated
Louvre castle in 1546
Luxurious, defensive,
classical
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Jean Goujon
Germain Pilon
Michel Colombe
Pierre Bontemps
Tours
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•The middle class was rapidly growing.
•A lot of free time was now spent in taverns.
•Expanding the mind was now also a leisurely activity.
•Jousting was still a favorite sport and peaked during the 16th century.
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• Music was increasingly secular
• Vocal range increased
• Purely instrumental music for dancing
• Towards the end of the period development of the opera is seen
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JG44RKDFZ38
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•The creation of the printing press by Johannes Gutenburg encouraged the vernacular
•William Shakespeare was an author that was around during the time.
•The French short story was developed.
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•Mystery, morality, farces, and soties were popular themes.
•Public plays were regulated.
•Living people couldn’t be depicted.
•The classics were translated into French.
•Humanist tragedy became popular.
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Food was a sign of social class.
Meat wasn’t served everyday.
Bread was a staple food as was wine.
Servants living in houses ate better than most of the middle class.
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_renaissance
http://www.oldandsold.com/articles27n/french-art-6.shtml
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loire_Valley
http://www.oldandsold.com/articles08/sculpture-22.shtml
http://www.fecielo.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/03/the-royal-chateau-de-chambord-in-the-loire-valley-france-is-one-of-the-most-recognizable-chateaux-in-the-world-because-of-its-very-distinct-french-renaissance-architecture.jpg
http://www.easypedia.gr/el/images/shared/e/e8/Catherine-de-medici.jpg
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Henry_IV_of_france_by_pourbous_younger.jpg
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edict_of_nantes
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_Wars_of_Religion#St._Bartholomew.27s_Day_Massacre_and_after_.281572.E2.80.9373.29
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Italian_Wars#Italian_War_of_1494.E2.80.9398
http://www.all-about-renaissance-faires.com/renaissance_info/renaissance_timeline.htm
http://www.bl.uk/onlinegallery/features/flemish/timeline.html
Lisa Neal, Coursepack