The Food System-Journey 1
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Transcript of The Food System-Journey 1
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The Food SystemA FeelGood/Organic Valley
Changemaker Journey
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Our relationship to food is the most basic
relationship we have with our environment.
The natural ecological systems of soil, water,
and air are needed to produce every ingredient
of every meal. If we do not feed ourselves in a
way that sustains our environment, ouragriculture and our communities, then as a
species we are not long for this world.
Neal MacGregor
Fair Food: Growing a Healthy, Sustainable
Food System for All
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Food System Basics
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What is the primarysource of all our food?
a) The grocery storeb) Mom
c) Farmers
d) The Sun
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Answer:d) The Sun!
Plants capture and store the suns energythrough photosynthesis. Whether we eat
the plants or we eat the animals that eat
the plants, we are consuming the energy
of the sun.
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How our food
gets from plant
is the food system.
...to plate
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A challenge: Take the
elements of our food system
and put them in order!
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Our Food System
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The food chain
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Our Food System
Biology
(soil and plant)Biology
(Human Eater)
Industrial Food System
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Our Industrial
Food System:
An exploration in12 questions
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Energy Use
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After the sun, what is the second major
energy source for our food system?
a) Fossil fuels
b) Farm laborers
c) Naturally occurring microbes
d) The Iron Chef
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Answer:a) Fossil Fuels
After the sun, the greatest energy input
to our food system comes from fossil
fuels.
We use the equivalent of 10 barrels of oil
per person per year for total food
production in the U.S., compared to 9
barrels for cars, and 7 barrels for houses.
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
FOOD CARS HOUSES
BARRELSOFOIL
FOOD PRODUCTION
CONSUMES THE MOST OIL
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How many calories of fossil fuel
energy are needed to create 1.4
calories of food energy?
a) 1.4
b) 3.4
c) 10.3d) 40
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Answer:d) 10.3
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
Fossi l Fuel Energy In Food Energy Out
CALORIE
S
FOOD SYSTEM EFFICIENCY
It takes 10.3 calories of fossil fuel energy to
create 1.4 calories of food energy.
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What part of the food
system uses the most
fossil fuel?
a) Packaging
b) Transportation
c) Pesticides and fertilizers
d) Farm machinery
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Answer:c) Pesticides and
fertilizersAs much as forty percent of energy used
in the food system goes towards the
production of artificial fertilizers
and pesticides.
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Why do we need so much
pesticide and fertilizer?
a) F*#@ing bugs!
b) Its the only way to get
high yields
c) Monocroppingd) All of the above
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Answer:c) Monocropping!
Monocropping also tends to
emphasize the use of expensive
specialized farm
equipment, adding to industrial
agricultures high dependency
on fossil fuels.
Monocroppingthe high-yieldagricultural practice of growing a single crop
year after year on the same land rather than
rotating through other cropsdamages the
soil ecology and creates a more fragile
ecosystem, leading to an increased
dependency on pesticides and artificial
fertilizers.
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In the last 100 years, what
percentage of US fruit and vegetable
varieties have disappeared?
a) 10%
b) 30%
c) 76%
d) 90%
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Answer:d) 90%Its a global crisis. 75% of the biodiversity
in agriculture was lost in the last 50
years. For example: 90% of the wheatvarieties grown in China a century ago
are now extinct. In India, there were
once 30,000 rice varieties, but now only
a dozen varieties cover Indias major rice
growing areas. We once had 7000
varieties of apples in North America.
Today, 96% of them are extinct.
The same trend is happening with
domesticated animal breeds.
The loss of biodiversity means the loss
of resiliency in our food system, andputs all of us more at risk in an era of
severe climatic change.
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Environment
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Which two things, essential to food
production, are being depleted by
our food system?
a) Soil & water
b) Water & farmers
c) Oil and water
d) Fertilizers & pesticidese) Farmers & talented contestants
for American Idol
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Answer:a) Soil & water
Soil Erosion: It takes hundreds of years for
soil to be created, while it can be lost toerosion in a single season. Agricultural
practices In the US result in a rate of soil
loss that is 10 times faster than the rate of
soil formation.
Water Depletion: Agriculture consumes
about 70% of the worlds fresh watersupply, resulting in groundwater depletion
and greatly reduced river flow.In 2007, 1.73 billion tons of topsoil was
lost to erosion, equal to about 200,000
tons each hour.
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What is the SECOND highest
contributor to climate change?
a) Energy production
b) Cars
c) Deforestation
d) Cow farts
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Answer:d) Cow Farts
Methane gas is the result of livestock
digestion and anaerobic
decomposition of manure. Livestock is
the second highest contributorafter
energy productionto atmosphere-
altering gases.
Methane is 20x more poisonous than
CO2.
18% of greenhouse gases are
attributed to livestock production.
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Consumption
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On average, how much
meat do Americans
consume per day?
a) pound
b) pound
c) 1 poundd) >1 pound
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Answer:
b) pound per dayIts twice the worlds average, and 6 times
more than health experts recommend.
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How many animals are
killed in the US every
year for food?a) 10 billion
b)1 billion
c)100 milliond) 10 million
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Answer:a) 10 billionYes, its hard to believe. And that is just in
the US. Worldwide, the number is
estimated to be 58 billion.
70% of the agricultural land on earth
30% of the earths land surfaceis
directly or indirectly devoted to raising
the animals we all eat.
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Health
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Which of the following diseases
are connected to the processed
foods we consume?
a) Obesity
b) Diabetes
c)Hypertension
d)Heart disease
e)Cancer
f)All of the above
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Answer:f) All of the above
Thanks to cheap, highly-processed and
high-caloric foods, 32% of all childrenand 34% of all adults in the US are
categorized as overweight or obese. And
diabetesalso related to dietis now
one of the most common chronic
diseases among children.
Cancers, hypertension and heart diseaseare also connected to unhealthy diets,
and are on the rise.
It is the increased energy density of
processed foods that is causing the TypeII
diabetes and obesity now affecting 400
million people worldwide. 2.7million
deaths annually are attributable to low
fruit and vegetable intake.
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Waste
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If you took all the food the US
and UK throw away every year,
how many people would it feed?
a) 1.5 billion
b) 1 billion
c) 100 million
d) 10 million
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Answer:a) 1.5 billion
In the USA, we waste about 40
percent of our total food supply.
As a planet we waste about 30%.
Tristam Stuart, author of the bookWaste, calculated that the hunger
of 1.5 billion people could be
alleviated by eradicating the food
wasted by British consumers and
American retailers, food services
and households.
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Enough food is
produced today to feed
everyone on the planet.a) True
b) False
c) It depends
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Answer:c) It dependsA lot of the meat production in the USA is
dependent on grain, which is fed to the
animals.
Because of our heavy consumption of
meat, total USA grain consumption is 800
kg per person per year. Compare that to
India, where it is 200 kg per person per
year.
This means that current grain production
provides enough for 2.5 billion people with
a USA diet, but 10 billion people with an
Indian diet.
1/3 of the grain crop gets fed to animals. It
takes 10x as much grain to feed a human if it
passes through an animal first.
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Given all this, what do you
think of this statement?
Hunger is not an issue of food,
its an issue of relationship.
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Source Materials and
Additional Resources
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Useful Video Resources
Carolyn Steel: How food shapes our cities
http://www.ted.com/talks/lang/en/carolyn_steel_how_food_shapes_our_cities.html
Mark Bittman on whats wrong with what we eat
http://www.ted.com/talks/mark_bittman_on_what_s_wrong_with_what_we_eat.html
The Story of Food
http://vimeo.com/7573579
Michael Pollan
Food Chain: http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=OmrfrsnWng8
No Free Lunch: http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=4U097wiZGk4
Supermarket Secrets: http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=snP40-
unO0A
Why Eat Local? http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=DhaG_Zi6izU
Michael Dimock Sustainable Food Systems and Global Poverty
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vkmNV0T9_-Y
Biotechnology: Owning the Right to Life
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3k RBD0bUzRY
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Major Source Documents for
this Journey
Fair Food: Growing a Healthy, Sustainable Food System for
All, by Neal MacGregor
A Viable Food Future
http://usc-canada.org/UserFiles/File/policy/ViableFuture-
web.pdf
US Food System Fact Sheet
http://css.snre.umich.edu/css_doc/CSS01-06.pdf