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The First Filipinos

The Theories of the Origins of the Filipino People

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Table of Contents

Prevailing theories on the origins of the FilipinopeopleTheories on Filipino Evolution Origins of the Austronesian People

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Wave of Migration Theory Proposed by HenryOtley Beyer in 1920.According to Beyer, thePhilippines waspopulated by a so-calledwave of migration fromthe mainland andsurrounding parts of Asiato the Philippines. At first, they came vialand bridges during thelast Ice Age.After the ice melted,other races came usingbalanghays.

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Beyer theorized when the first people came tothe Philippines:Dawn Man - 250,000 years ago.Negritos - 25,000 - 30,000 years ago.

Indones - 5,000 to 6,000 years ago through the use ofbalanghays .Malay brought metallurgical craft in the Philippinesand became the dominant race before the coming of

the Spaniards.

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What are the basis of Beyer?

The physical similiarities of the Negritos,Indones, and Malay race in the Philippinesand in other parts of Southeast Asia such

as the Malay peninsula and Borneo.The similarities of the way of life of theNegritos from the Philippines and Malaypeninsula wherein they still live in themountains.

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Aboriginal Hypothesis Theory

The first inhabitants ofthe Philippines are theNegrito race.

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Theory of Malay Origin

The present-dayFilipinos came fromthe Malay racebecause of similarphysical traits andarcheologicalartifacts found inboth the Philippinesand Malaypeninsula.

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Theories on Filipino Evolution

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Felipe Landa Jocano

Professor of Anthropologyat the University of thePhilippines.According to Jocano, thereis only one race in theentire Southeast Asianregion.Later on, this race evolvedinto different races through

the process of evolutioneg. Tabon man, Java man

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Discovered fossils in the Philippines are alsofound in Borneo, Australia and New Guinea thus,it is impossible to determine where these fossilremains first originated.With the discovery of the Tabon man, which is21,000 22,000 years old, Jocano concludedthat there are already people in the Philippineseven before the coming of the last Ice Age.Jocano proposed that instead of the wave ofmigration as base, he prefer the Base Cultureidea wherein, culture was formed as a responsein adapting to the surrounding area.

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Tabon Man

Homo Sapiens Sapiens Lived from 30,500 11,000 BCEFound in the caves of Tabon, Palawan by Dr. RobertFox in 1962.Only the top part of the skull and the jawbone werefound of the remains of the Tabon Man.Based on forensic analysis and measurements, theshape of the skull is from the Homo Sapiens anindication that the Negritos are not the first inhabitantsof the Philippines.Also found in the Tabon cave complex are weapons andsharp tools. There are also remains of ash an

indication of the use of fire.

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Tabon Cave complex

Inside the cave

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The upper portion of the skull of theTabon Man

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Cagayan Man

Homo Erectus Philippinensis Lived from 250,000 500,000 BCEAs old as the Java Man from Indonesia and

Peking Man from China.Based on Java man and Peking Man, they standupright, have a broad jawline, and haveprotruding foreheads.

They also used tools and probably used crudeform of language.

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There were no skeletal remains of the CagayanMan.But they left stone tools, Stegodon bones and otheranimal bones that were probably used as foods.

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AustronesiansThe Austronesians can be found in:

From west-east: Madagascar to the Easter Islands.From north-south: Taiwan to New Zealand.

There languages belongs to the Austronesianlanguage family or Malayo-Polynesian language .Their way of life includes:

SedentarySeafaringBoat-buildingAgriculturePlanting of rice, yams, taro, and banana

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Orange - Borneo-Philippines (Outer Western Malayo-Polynesian)Dark red - Sunda-Sulawesi (Inner Western Malayo-Polynesian)Green - Central Malayo-Polynesian (Bandanesian)Purple - South Halmahera-West New Guinea languages (SouthHalmahera-Geelvink Bay)Pink - Oceanic

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Mainland Theory Proposed by PeterBellwood .Happened 4,000 yearsago.Migration from north tosouth.The use of balanghays .

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To EasterIslands

ToMadagascar

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Island Hypothesis Theory

Proposed by WilhelmSolheim .Happened 5,000 yearsago.

From Australia orIndonesia.Migration from south tonorth.

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Assignment

Research on the way of life of the Early Filipinopeople.Discuss at least one of the following topic on EarlyFilipino people:

PoliticsEconomyReligionCulture

SocietyGive an example of an early way of life that can bestill found on contemporary Philippine society.Explain your answer.