I SAMUEL

David’s defeat of Goliath – 1 Samuel 17:1-58Source of Image: Photobucket

Tribes of Israel

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ISRAELIn the Time of Samuel

Palestine in the Time of SaulAbout 1020 B.C.

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Saul is Rejected as King(I Samuel 15:13-23

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I. INTRODUCTIONTO THE FIRST BOOK OF SAMUEL

AUTHORS: Samuel and others DATE: 930 B.C. and later

Authors Though the two books of Samuel are named for the key figure of the early chapters, Samuel could not have written more than part of 1 Samuel since his death is recorded in chapter 25. That he did in fact write a book is attested to in 1 Samuel 10:25. First Chronicles 29:29 indicates that Nathan and Gad also wrote about the events recorded in Samuel.

Background Samuel emerged as the last judge in the 350-year span of the judges. The book covers a period of about 115 years, from the childhood of Samuel to the beginning of the reign of King David. Appearing on the scene during one of the darkest periods of Israel’s history, Samuel called the people to a revival of the true worship of Yahweh (the LORD); Acts 3:24). He was also a kingmaker, anointing both Saul (10:1) and David (16:13). Thus 1 Samuel forms the link between the judges and the monarchy.

Contents First Samuel focuses on three principal characters: Samuel, Saul, and David (2 Samuel centers exclusively on David). The principal lesson of the book has to do with the effects of sin and holiness in relation to the people and their leaders. Well-known stories in the book include that of David and Goliath (chap. 17), David and Jonathan (chap. 18), and Saul and the witch of Endor (chap. 28).

II. OUTLINE OF 1 SAMUEL

I. Samuel, the Last Judge, 1:1-8:22

A. His Early Life and Call, 1:1-3:21

1. His mother, 1:1-2:10

a. Her sorrow, 1:1-18b. Her supplication, 1:9-18c. Her son, 1:19-23d. Her sacrifice, 1:24-28e. Her song, 2:1-10

2. His ministry, 2:11-3:21

a. The situation at Shiloh, 2:11-36b. The summons to Samuel, 3:1-21

B. His War With the Philistines, 4:1-7:2

1. The capture of the Ark by the Philistines, 4:1-22

a. The defeat of Israel, 4:1-1b. The death of Eli, 4:12-18c. The departure of the glory: Ichabod, 4:19-22

2. The curse of the Ark on the Philistines, 5:1-12

3. The return of the Ark by the Philistines, 6:1-7:1

C. Her Revival Ministry to Israel, 7:2-17

D. His Warning to Israel Concerning their Demand of a King, 8:1-22

II. Saul, the First King, 9:1-31:13

A. The Rise of Saul, 9:1-11:15

1. The choosing of Saul, 9:1-272. The coronation of Saul, 10:1-273. The conquest of the Ammonites, 1:1-15

B. The Reminder by Samuel, 12:1-25

C. The Rejection of Saul, 13:1-15:35

1. His sinful offering, 13:1-222. His rash vows, 13:23-14:523. His partial obedience, 15:1-35

D. The Replacement of Saul by David, 16:1-23

1. David chosen and anointed, 16:1-131. David employed at Saul’s court, 16:14-23

E. The Rise of David over Saul, 17:1-18:30

1. David’s defeat of Goliath, 17:1-58

2. David’s friendship with Jonathan, 18:1-43. David’s relations with Saul, 18:5-164. David’s marriage, 18:17-30

F. The Rejection of David by Saul, 19:1-26:25

1. David protected by Jonathan, 19:1-102. David protected by Michal, 19:11-173. David protected by Samuel, 19:18-244. David protected by Jonathan, 20:1-42

5. David protected by Ahimelech, 21:1-96. David protected by Achish, 21:10-157. David and his band of men, 22:1-26:25

a. In the cave of Adullam and in Mizpah, 22:1-5b. Saul slays the priests, 22:6-23c. At Keilah, 23:1-12d. In the Desert of Ziph, 23:13-29e. At En Gedi, David spares Saul, 24:1-22f. David and Abigail, 25:1-44g. In the Desert of Ziph, David spares Saul again, 26:1-25

G. 1. David becomes a Philistine servant, 27:1-31:132. Saul consults the medium at Endor, 28:3-253. David dismissed by the Philistines, 29:1-114. David destroys the Amalekites, 30:1-315. The Philistines and the death of Saul

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