The Father of the Periodic The Father of the Periodic TableTable

Dimitri MendeleevDimitri Mendeleev_______________was the first scientist to notice _______________was the first scientist to notice

the relationship between the __________the relationship between the __________Arranged his periodic table by ________ _______Arranged his periodic table by ________ _______Said properties of ___________elements could be Said properties of ___________elements could be

predicted by the properties of elements around predicted by the properties of elements around the missing elementthe missing element

_________later discovered that the periodic _________later discovered that the periodic nature of the elements was associated nature of the elements was associated with_________ _________, not atomic masswith_________ _________, not atomic mass

Mendeleevelements

atomic massunknown

Moseley

atomic number

What does the information in the box tell What does the information in the box tell me?me?

11

HH1.0081.008

Atomic Number = # of

__________ Atomic Mass = # of

_________ + # of

__________

__________ Symbol

protons

Elemental

protonsneutrons

The Periodic TableThe Periodic Table Column = Group

or___________

_____ columns on the Periodic Table

Row = __________

_____ rows on the

Periodic Table

Family

Period

18

7

Metals, Nonmetals, and Metals, Nonmetals, and Semi-metalsSemi-metals

Metals are on the _________ side of the stair- step

____________ is the onlynonmetal on the ___________ side

______________ are on the right of the stair-

step

Semi-metals or

_____________

touch the stair-step

Hydrogen Nonmetals

left

metalloids

metal

Periods = RowsPeriods = Rows In the periodic table,

elements have something in common if they are in the same row.

All of the elements in a period have the same number of atomic orbitals.

Every element in the top row (the first period) has one orbital for its electrons. All of the elements in the second row (the second period) have two orbitals for their electrons. It goes down the periodic table like that.

Groups = ColumnsGroups = Columns(called Families)(called Families)

The elements in a group have the same number of electrons in their outer orbital.

Every element in the first column (group one) has one electron in its outer shell. Every element on the second column (group two) has two electrons in the outer shell. As you keep counting the columns, you'll know how many electrons are in the outer shell.

There are some exceptions to the order when you look at the transition elements, but you get the general idea.

ALKALI METALS

Group 1Hydrogen is _____a

member, it is a non-metal

_____ electron in the outer shell

Soft and silvery _________Very _____________,

especially with waterConduct _____________

NOT

1

metalsreactive

electricity

ALKALINE EARTH ALKALINE EARTH METALSMETALS

Group 2____ electrons in

the outer shellWhite and

malleable (able to be ___________

Reactive, but less than Alkali metals

Conduct electricity

2

molded

TRANSITION METALSTRANSITION METALSGroups in the middle Good conductors

of heat and electricity

Some are used for _____________

The transition metals are able to put up to _____ electrons in their second to last shell

Can ________ with many _________in a variety of shapes

jewelry

32

bond

elements

BORON FAMILY BORON FAMILY Group 3____ electrons in

the outer shell______ are

metalsBoron is a

_____________

3

Most

metalloid

CARBON FAMILY CARBON FAMILY Group 4___ electrons in

the outer shellContains

metals, metalloids, and a _____________Carbon (C)

4

Non-metal

NITROGEN FAMILYNITROGEN FAMILY Group 5____ electrons in

the outer shellCan _________

electrons to form compounds

Contains metals, metalloids, and non-metals

5

share

OXYGEN FAMILYOXYGEN FAMILY

Group 6____ electrons in

the outer shellContains

metals, metalloids, and non-metals

_____________

6

Reactive

HalogensHalogensGroup 7____ electrons in

the outer shell_____ are non-

metals________

____________-are often bonded with elements from Group 1

7

ALL

VERYREACTIVE

Noble GasesNoble GasesGroup 8Exist as gasesNon-metals____ electrons in the

outer shell = _________

Helium (He) has only ____ electrons in the outer shell = Full

____ ___________ with other elements

8

FULL

2

NOT REACTIVE

Rare Earth MetalsRare Earth Metals(Special rows on the Periodic Table)(Special rows on the Periodic Table)

Some are _____________

The rare earths are silver, silvery-white, or gray metals.

Conduct electricity

ActinidesLanthanides

radioactive