The Extracellular Matrix in Tissue Regeneration
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Transcript of The Extracellular Matrix in Tissue Regeneration
By Anthony Catalano
The Extracellular Matrix (ECM)Provides support to
tissueComposed of fibers:
Collagen and ElastinMade up of cells
called FibroblastsFound in
intercellular cavities
Discovery of ECM as a “Bioscaffold”
1989- Dr. Stephen Badylak performed Aortic surgery (Cardiomyoplasty) on a canine
Replaced canine’s Aorta with a segment of the canine’s small intestine
Canine survived surgery and lived for another 8 years
Dr. Stephen Badylak
Further investigation of the ECMDr. Stephen Badylak
determined it was the ECM that was the root cause of the successful surgery
Experimented on Xenogeneic ECM extracted from a pig bladder
Removed all cells from ECM
Performed same surgery with decellularized ECM
Physiology of Dr. Badylak’s DiscoveryThe ECM contains cells
called fibroblastsWhen tissue becomes
damaged, fibroblasts secrete excess collagen to damaged site
The ECM scaffold prevents inflammation and excess collagen by promoting the secretion of growth factors
The growth factors prevent the immune system from secreting excess collagen and instead stimulates the body to repair tissue
Types of ECM scaffolding Today1.)Hydrated sheet ECM
3.)ECM Gel(10ml-$175.88- Gibco®)
2.)Lyophilized powdered ECM(15mg-$400.00-CellAdhere™ )
Advantages and Disadvantages of ECM scaffoldingPROSBiocompatibilityNo immune (post-
surgery) drugs requiredRegain of tissue
functionRegeneration of tissue
without use of controversial harvesting of stem cells
CONS
Dependant on percentage of lost or damaged tissue (%25-80% max)
External Scarring Recovery Rate (1-2
months)
Current Use of ECM scaffoldsFDA approved for
clinical use in 1999Dr. Stephen Badylak is
working with wounded veterans to replace lost muscle tissue
80 patient study, 5 patients treated, all successful in regaining muscle function
Average of 12-15% regain in muscle mass
Marine Sgt. Ron Strang
Corporal Isaias Hernandez
Future of ECM ScaffoldingUse for hospitals and
the militaryPortable regenerative
medicine for use at home (Band-Aids)
Rebuilding limbs or other artificial body parts*
Quicker recovery rateLower Cost
References Badylak, Stephen, Dr. "The Extracellular Matrix as a Scaffold for Tissue
Reconstruction." CELL & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY (2002): Pgs:377-382 Web.
Piore, Adam. "Discover Magazine." The Healing Power from Within 7 July 2011: 68-88. Web. Valentin, J. E., J. S. Badylak, G. P. McCabe, and
S. F. Badylak. "Extracellular Matrix Bioscaffolds for Orthopaedic Applications. A Comparative Histologic Study." The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery 88.12 (2006): 2673-686. Print.
"Extracellular Matrix." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 16 Oct. 2012. Web. 17 Oct. 2012. <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extracellular_matrix>.
Badylak, S. "Xenogeneic Extracellular Matrix as a Scaffold for Tissue Reconstruction.“ Transplant Immunology 12.3-4 (2004): 367-77. Print.
Sell, Scott A., Patricia S. Wolfe, Koyal Garg, Jennifer M. McCool, Isaac A. Rodriguez, and Gary L. Bowlin. "The Use of Natural Polymers in Tissue Engineering: A Focus on Electrospun Extracellular Matrix Analogues." Polymers 2.4 (2010): 522-53. Print.