The Exploration and Discovery History of the Guyana- Ghana ...€¦ · intermediate 24º gravity...

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May, 2019 Dribus Geologic Consulting LLC

The Exploration and Discovery History of the Guyana-

Ghana Conjugate Equatorial Corridor

John R. Dribus, Global Geologist and Advisor,

Dribus Geologic Consulting LLC

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In creating this overview of the Guyana play, Dribus Geologic Consulting (DGC) has

utilized various digital and industry data bases and reports from the public domain as

input data. Sometimes these data sources do not agree. DGC has made every

reasonable effort to reconcile such differences and select the most accurate information.

However DGC is not responsible for any errors or incorrect attributions within the public

domain, and does not represent or warrant that such material is complete, the most

current, or most accurate. Consequently, DGC assumes no liability or responsibility for

any errors or omissions in the content of this material. These contents are provided on

an “as is” basis with no guarantee of completeness, accuracy, timeliness or of the

results obtained from the use of this information. DGC does not claim ownership of or

responsibility for any material that has been obtained from the digital public domain,

and is not liable for any damages, whether direct, indirect, incidental, special, or

consequential, arising out of or in connection with the use of this material.

DGC LLC March, 2019

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2018 Top Ten Exploration Discoveries

Modified after https://energynorthern.com/2018/12/17/the-oil-and-gas-exploration-winners-of-2018/

13 Discoveries

5.5 Bboe Recoverable

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Top Ten Exploration Companies in 2018

https://www.ogj.com/articles/2019/01/rystad-energy-exxonmobil-leads-pack-of-top-explorers-in-2018.html

Guyana

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Location of Major DW Discoveries and Their Reservoir Rocks

Base map from www.columbia.edu/cu/news/01/07/marieTharp.html

TaTa

Ta?

Ta

Ta

Ta

Ta Ta

Ta

TaTa

Ta

Ta

Ta

Ta

TaTa

Ta

Ta Denotes Bouma “A” Fan turbidite systems

C

CC

C

C

C

C

C

C

C Denotes carbonate Systems

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Reservoir Characterization of Targets

Ta: Deep water Turbidites (more liquid systems) clastic sandstone reservoirs

• Basin Floor Fan Systems (like Jubilee, Ghana and Shell Perdido, GoM)

• Possible water-support, lower rock properties with higher rock volume

• Channelized Systems (like GoM Tahoe, and TEN Field Complex in Ghana)

• Most likely pressure depletion, higher rock properties with lower rock volume

C: Carbonate Reservoir (more gas) in reefs, (more oil) in microbialites (pre-salt)

• Reefs and biological buildups (Zohr in Egypt and Calypso in Cyprus, Ranger???)

• Very high column heights, very large areas and rock volume, top seal issues.

• Microbialites/Stromatolites/Bioclastic grainstones (like Brazil pre-salt)

• High CO2, possible H2S, very high flow rates, long lived production

• Fractured carbonates, coquina grainstones, and bioclastic debris flows (reef rubble).

J Dribus 2019

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7

The Atlantic Ocean Basin and Mid-Atlantic Ridge (MAR)

GuyanaGhana

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Review of Plate Divergence

abyss.uoregon.edu/~js/images/plate_ev.gif

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Seven Current Key Deep water Exploration Plays

1. Gulf of Mexico

Lower Tertiary

Turbidite Fans

2. Brazil

Presalt

4. N. Sea Havis

Turbidites

5. E Mediterranean Gas

6. E. Africa

Turbidites


3. Transform

Turbidites

7. NW Australia

Dorado Oil Play


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Kosmos Jubilee Field, Offshore Ghana , 2007 The Kosmos Mahogany-1

discovered a hydrocarbon

column of 270 meters

(885 feet) of net oil pay in

three stacked turbidite fan

reservoirs in 2007.

Jubilee

The amalgamated fan

discovery is now known as

the Jubilee Field.

OFFSHORE: Tullow looking to extend prolific deepwater Ghanaian play

Published: Oct 1, 2010 Exploration focus shifts towards Liberia,

Latin America Jeremy Beckman Editor, Europe

The channel and splay

discoveries are now known

as the TEN Field.

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Modified after Exploration for Cretaceous stratigraphic traps in the Gulf of Guinea, West Africa and the

discovery Jubilee Field: a play opening discovery in the Tano Basin Offshore Ghana. Geological

Society, London, Special Publications Online. First published July 31, 2012; doi 10.1144/SP369.12 Geological

Society, London, Special Publications v.369, first and Phil Lowry Paul Dailly, Tracey Henderson, Eric

Hudgens, Kathy Kanschat

Dip Line and Map Showing Structural Influence on Trap

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Types of Sediment Turbidity (Gravity) Flows

(Hybrid)

Hyperpycnite

http://www.carec.com.pe/biblioteca/biblio/6/48/7%20Deepwater%20-%201.pdf

With Permission from

Dr. Roger Slatt, 2015

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• Arnold Bouma (1962) proposed a turbidite classification scheme that relates lithology

and texture to flow processes and energy. The model assumes waning flow (negative

acceleration with respect to time).

Bouma Turbidite Sequence

• This model is by far the most used facies classification scheme for turbidites in the

literature today.

Core

HHemipelagic V Fine Mud

Laminated Muds

Finer Cross

Bedded Silts

Finer Laminated

Sediment

Massive Coarse

Sediment

Lithofacies ModelOutcrop

Td

13

Ta

Tb

Tc

Td

Te

Ta

Modified from skywalker.cochise.edu/.../pglnx/chapter10x.htm

http://www.carec.com.pe/biblioteca/biblio/6/48/7%20Deepwater%20-%201.pdf

http://skywalker.cochise.edu/wellerr/pglnx/chapter10x.htm

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Amalgamated Bouma

Ta/b Sequences

Modified from skywalker.cochise.edu/.../pglnx/chapter10x.htm

Creates a sand that

appears to be massive,

but is actually an

amalgamated series of

Bouma a/b sequences.

If the mud member survives,

a layered sheet sequence is

deposited with much

Less storage space

Layered

Sequences

http://skywalker.cochise.edu/wellerr/pglnx/chapter10x.htm

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(Modified from Morris, 1971)

1. Continual pelagic rain of fines from suspension creating ductile mud layers

2. Periodic falling stage lateral mass transport mud flows coming down the

slope to form brittle shale units

3. Lowstand turbidity currents that deposit cyclic, lateral basin floor fans

CONTINUAL PELAGIC RAIN

Three Components of Deep water Deposition

Ductile Pelagic Shales

Shelf

Abyssal Plane

J. Dribus 2018

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(Modified from Morris, 1971)

The Turbidite Reservoir Sandwich

1. Pelagic fines from suspension creating ductile mud layers

2. Periodic lateral mud flows coming down the slope as brittle shale layers

3. Cyclic, lateral basin floor fan reservoir rocks

J. Dribus 2018

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(Special Permission from C.R.Scotese, 2012)

As the southern area rifts,

the north margin begins to

slide apart along a major

stair-stepped transform

system

Jurassic 125 MYA: Asymmetric Rifting Initiates in South

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NA

The Late Cretaceous Major Transforms and Jubilee

(Special Permission from C.R.Scotese, 2012)

These major shear systems

sever the rift and create a

transform basin between

them with high gradient

margins and major clastic

sediment influx.

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Beginning with Jubilee in Ghana: Extending the Play Westward

Exploration began with the

discovery of Jubilee in Ghana and

moved westward to Liberia and

Sierra Leone. Then the jump was

made across the Atlantic to the

conjugate Zaedyus discovery in

French Guyana

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Modified after: instruct.uwo.ca/earth-sci/200a-001/11rifts.htm

Pecem, Ceara Basin:

140m of oil in

turbidite fans

Pitu, Potiguar Basin:

188m column of

intermediate 24º

gravity API oil

Jubilee Analog Applied Across the Basin to the Conjugate Side

Orca and Kronos gas

discoveries in

Colombia.

The Zaedyus well

found 72m of pay in

three fans.

The Ghana Jubilee

Fan Discovery:

270m oil in 3 fans.

The Exxon

Liza oil Discovery in

Guyana

Following the Zaedyus well,

exploration on the S American

side moved westward to

Colombia Orca and Kronos

gas discoveries, and then oil

at Pitu and Pecem offshore

Brazil, and then the giant oil

discovery at Liza in Guyana

http://instruct.uwo.ca/earth-sci/200a-001/11rifts.htm

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1999: Stabroek Block awarded to Exxon (Esso).

2000: Exxon completes new electromagnetic survey over the block.

2009: PGS completes a 2-D multi-client seismic survey over the block.

2011: CGG-Veritas acquires another 2-D seismic survey over the block.

2011: Tullow announces a 72 m oil discovery in two U Cretaceous fans

in the Zaedyus well (800 MMboe estimated) east of Guyana.

2013: Exxon completes processing a 3-D seismic survey with CGG.

2015: Liza-1 well spuds after Hess and Nexen (CNOOC) join. The well

drilled to 17,825 ft through an U Cretaceous fan complex, and found 295

net oil in two fan complexes in a stratigraphic trap system.

History of ExxonMobil Activity in Guyana, Stabroek Block

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Discovery History for Guyana Stabroek Block

LIZA-1

295’ OIL

LIZA-2

190’ OIL

LIZA-3

1.4 BBbls

PAYARA-1

95’ OIL

LIZA-3 lower

Adds 100MMbo

LIZA-4

197’ OIL

SNOEK-1

82’ OIL

PAYARA-2

Adds 500

MMbo

TURBOT-1

79’ OIL

RANGER-1

230’ OIL

CARBONATE

PACORA-1

65’ OIL

13 Discoveries= 5.5 Bboe recoverable

(without Ranger numbers)

LONGTAIL-1

256’ OIL

HAMMERHEAD-1

197’ OIL

PLUMA-1

121’ oil

TALAPIA-1

305’ oil

Liza-5

Development

HAIMARA-1

207’ G/C

YELLOWTAIL-1

292’ oil

RANGER-2

Appraisal

HAMMERHEAD-2

Appraisal

TRIPLETAIL-1

WildcatNOTE: Each star color is a separate discovery.

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Ranger Carbonate Discovery: A New Play Opener!

Exxon and partners found 230 feet of oil pay in

high-quality carbonate reservoir in the Ranger-1

wildcat offshore Guyana (red star), 60 miles NW of

Exxon’s Liza turbidite fan play discovering an

entirely new play type for the area.

Exxon, Hess, and CNOOC estimate that the

Stabroek Block offshore Guyana holds 5.5 Bboe

recoverable in turbidite fan and channel systems in

multiple accumulations ranging in age from

Cretaceous to Tertiary. The Ranger carbonate play

is currently under appraisal. A continuous

exploration drilling program is planned along with

development drilling for the Liza phased

development. Other blocks remain to be explored.

https://www.google.com/search?q=exxon+ranger+discovery&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwju4svU

js7iAhUqgK0KHZ5PA6oQ_AUIESgC&biw=1920&bih=876#imgrc=stNhderIOVwBMM:&spf=1559592462425

RANGER-1

https://seekingalpha.com/article/4240592-guyana-

suriname-basin-emerging-petroleum-province

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Turbidite Fan and Carbonate Build-up Plays

Modified after Hess Investor Day Presentation, 2018.

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Other Prospective Blocks in the Area?

http://www.worldoil.com/news/2018/4/30/hess-acquires-interest-

in-new-acreage-offshore-guyana

DEMARARA

BERBICE

CORENTYNE

CANJE

KAIETEUR

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Ultra Deep Water Guyana Attracting AttentionHess announced an agreement

with ExxonMobil to acquire a 15%

interest in the Kaieteur Block,

offshore Guyana located to the

north of the Stabroek Block. The

Kaieteur Block is 3.3 million acres

which is equivalent to more than

580 deepwater blocks in the Gulf

of Mexico. Significantly, the

Kaieteur Block lies in the same

geological basin as the Stabroek

Block, where total recoverable

resources of more than 5.5 Bboe

have been discovered by 13 wells

to date. http://www.worldoil.com/news/2018/4/30/hess-acquires-

interest-in-new-acreage-offshore-guyana

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Suriname Poses a Concern for Reservoir and Seal

• The potential for Suriname is significant according to Staatsolie who has identified and

ranked 15 prospects there. The company had planned to drill a 10-well exploratory

campaign from April, 2019 to December 2019.

• The big question is how far does the potential in the Guyana-Suriname Basin extend across

the border into Suriname? Is the reservoir fan system there, is the reservoir quality

good, and are the necessary seals present?

• Tullow drilled a dry hole offshore Suriname at the Araku oil prospect on Block 54 in 2017.

This was a Jubilee look-alike play in the shelf directly up-dip from the Liza oil-discovery, but

it did not find good reservoir rock. The prospect had oil seeps up-dip, and sharp AVO

responses and is ~5x the size of Jubilee. The concern is that the AVO response may not

distinguish hydrocarbon phase or reservoir quality.

• The Kosmos Anapai and Pontoenoe wells have both found good reservoir rock, but

with no commercial hydrocarbons.

CONCERNS: 1. Top/bottom seal, 2. Poor Reservoir, 3. False positive AVO.

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Key Learnings from the Other side


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The Mauritania, Senegal, Gambia, Guinea Bissau and Guinea

Conakry (MSGBC) Basin Discovery Corridor

FAN and SNE

Oil Discoveries

https://www.google.com/search?biw=1536&bih=708&tbm=isch&sa=1&q=msgbc+fields&oq=msgbc+field

s&gs_l=psy-ab.3...15004855.15009697.0.15010120.12.12.0.0.0.0.250.1973.0j1j8.9.0....0...1.1.64.psy-

ab..3.6.1381...0j0i67k1j0i24k1j0i10i24k1.NVHp-l-ggkI#imgrc=DxlAjsgFkcYXVM:&spf=1502682690174

Mauritania

Senegal

The GambiaGuinea Bissau

Guinea Conakry

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Senegal FAN #1 and SNE #1 Discoveries

2250 MMBO Discovered

https://www.google.com/search?q=flemish+pass+discoveries&biw=1010&bih=539&source=lnms&

tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjT_aHnvL7KAhXhwYMKHdqCDs8Q_AUIBygC#tbm=isch&q=sene

gal+discoveries&imgdii=GaK-RtWUQC8zXM%3A%3BGaK-RtWUQC8zXM%3A%3BEY0Vpc-

ReEiy8M%3A&imgrc=GaK-RtWUQC8zXM%3A

The FAN-1 discovered several amalgamated sets of

Cretaceous draped turbidite fans pinching out against the

paleo-shelf. P50 reserves are 950 MMboe ranging from 28

to 42 degree API.

The SNE-1 is an unconformity truncation play that found

30 meters of net reservoir interval over a 60-100 km2 area.

The SNE-2 appraisal well flowed 32°API oil at ~9,000

BPD from two zones. SNE source rocks are the same age

as those from the FAN discovery, but not the same mix of

APIs (different source rocks?).

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Abundant Opportunity Remains in the Area!

file:///C:/Users/jdribus.DIR/AppData/Local/Microsoft/Windows/INetCache/Content.

Outlook/5J4HRO9G/2018%20Investor%20Day%20(PRESENTATION)%20(1).pdf

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More Guyana & Suriname Wildcats on the Drill Plan!

Jethro-Lobe-1 Tullow June 2019 Orinduik Block

Joe-1 Tullow July 2019 Orinduik Block

Carapa-1 Repsol Aug 2019 Kanuku Block

Kamarang-1 Repsol Nov 2019 Kanuku Block

Utakwaaka-1 CGX Nov 2019 Corentyne Block

Apetina -1 Kosmos H-1 2019 Block 42 Suriname

Walker -1 Kosmos Block 42 Suriname (Carbonate)

Suriname Apache to drill Block 58 near Haimara

Suriname Petronas considering Block 48 well

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SEVEN Key Learnings from the Wells and Regional Geology

1. Reservoir Quality: Silt in the reservoir degrades the rock quality.

2. Reservoir Quantity: Amalgamated is superior to layered system.

3. Seal Quality: Pelagic ductile shales seal, chaotic MTD’s may not.

4. Top seal is very important: as is BOTTOM SEAL!

5. Confined channels versus unconfined fans.

6. Oil versus Gas: Kerogen type and source rock temperature.

J. Dribus 2018

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Are there any questions?

John Dribus 504-232-2221

[email protected]

The Exploration and Discovery History of the Guyana- Ghana ...€¦ · intermediate 24º gravity...

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