The European Renaissance…

1350- mid 16th century

Warm Up!

1. List three effects of the Black Death?o Asdahsjdh

o Ashkashkajs

o asjhaksjhakjsh2. What do you think the word ‘Renaissance’ means?

3. Write down all you know or have ever heard about the Renaissance?

Causes of the Renaissance

During the Late middle ages, Europe suffered from both war and plague.

Those who survived need something to live for, to make them happy again.

They wanted to celebrate the life and the human spirit

The Renaissance means “rebirth” European Renaissance (1300-1600s):

o rebirth of ideas and culture reminiscent of Greece & Rome

o Started in Italyo The Renaissance followed the Middle

Ages Primary development in urban centers

(cities)

Florence, Italy main Italian city-state (a city and

its surrounding lands functioning as an independent political unit) where Renaissance begano Became wealthiest city-state

Renaissance ideas spread from Italy to other European locationso Venice used its coastal

location for international trade Crusades opened up trade in the

Mediterranean Sea

Renaissance…-society was mainly run by wealthy merchant families-ex: The Medici- powerful banking family in Florence-these families traded w/ many other countries and spread Renaissance “ideas” and funded the “arts”-traded w/ Byzantine & Islamic Empires, England & the Netherlands

Renaissance…o time of recovery from

Black Plague & political instability

o Italian thinkers emphasized humanism

Humanism: focus on importance of the individual & positive human qualities

The Renaissance put more emphasis on the work and basic worth of individual achievement—HUMANISM!

Petrarch“The father of Humanism”

Believed God gave people intelligence & talents that should be used to the fullest in all aspects of life

Credited with perfecting the sonnet (14 line poem)

Known for being one of the first people to refer to the Dark Ages

Humanists Focus on human potential and achievements Instead of trying to make classical texts agree

with Christian teachings, as medieval scholars had, humanists studied them to understand ancient Greek values.

Popularized the study of subjects common to classical education, such as history, literature, and philosophy. These subjects are called the humanities.

Looking to Greece and Rome

1. The artists and scholars of Italy drew inspiration from the ruins of Rome that surrounded them.

2. Western scholars studied ancient Latin manuscripts that had been preserved in monasteries.

3. Christian scholars in Constantinople fled to Rome with Greek manuscripts when the Turks conquered Constantinople in 1453.

“Renaissance Man” During this period Renaissance writers introduced

the idea that all educated people were expected to create art. In fact, the individual should strive to excel in almost every area of study.

Someone who excels in multiple fields/ has many talents is considered a ‘Renaissance Man’o He should be charming, witty, and well educated in the

classics. He should dance, sing, play music, and write poetry. In addition he should be a skilled rider, wrestler, and swordsman!

o Modern Day exampleso Will Smitho Justin Timberlakeo Who else can you think of?

Time out! Review The art, music, and philosophy of the MEDIEVAL PERIOD in

Europe generally focused on…?o Human scientific achievementso Religious themeso Materialismo Greek and Roman Mythology

One factor that helped the Renaissance flourish in northern Italy was that the region had…?o A wealthy class that invested in the artso A socialist governmento Limited contact with the Byzantineso A shrinking middle class

Renaissance means? Of what?

Time out! Review In Europe, a major characteristic of humanism

developed by writers such as Petrarch was…?o Belief in the supremacy of the stateo Rejection of ancient civilizations and their

cultureo Emphasis on social control and obedience to

rulerso Appreciation for worth of individual

achievement

Machiavelli “Renaissance Man” from Florence Political Importance:

o He wrote The Prince• Most writers emphasized the

importance of monarchs ruling according to Christian ethics and principles

• He believed monarchs should rule according to what was best for everyone, not according to Christian principles

• A king or prince might have to trick his enemies and even his own people for the good of the state

• Machiavelli was not concerned with what was morally right, but with what was politically effective.

Is it better to be FEARED or

LOVED?

Dante Wrote humanist literature in common

everyday language of the time Widely considered to be “father of the

Italian language” b/c of the local language he used…what is this called?????

Wrote the Divine Comedy • On the surface the poem describes

Dante's travels through Hell, Purgatory, and Heaven; but at a deeper level it represents the soul's journey towards God. His search for Salvation

• Dante’s inferno

Heroes in a Half Shell

When you think Renaissance artists think of the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles, because they were named after them.o Michelangeloo Donatelloo Leonardoo Raphael

They were sculptors, poets, architects and painters

Donatello Made sculptor more

realistic by carving natural postures and expressions that reveal personality.

Considered the greatest sculptor before Michelangelo

RaphaelYounger than Michelangelo and Leonardo

Famous for his use of perspective-shows 3 dimensions on a flat surface

Leonardo da Vinci Original “Renaissance Man” Expert in painting, sculpting,

engineering, physics, anatomy, etc.

Interested in how things worked He studied the human body and

how it works and then incorporated his findings into his art.

Thought of many inventions that couldn’t actually be built until the 20th century

Leonardo da Vinci…Most famous works of art:

Mona Lisa The Last Supper

The Vitruvian

Man

Michelangelo

Renaissance artist Best known for idealized

paintings & sculptures of the human form

Created human images to reflect the “divine beauty of God”

The Sistine Chapel

David

Sistine Chapel

Official residence of the Pope in Vatican City

Michelangelo painted 12,000 sq. feet of the chapel ceiling from 1508-1512

Originally the ceiling was painted blue with gold stars

Michelangelo was originally intimidated by the whole thing and preferred to decline- he considered himself more of a sculptor than a painter

Review Time

1. Who wrote the “Divine Comedy”?2. Who wrote “The Prince”?3. Who wrote sonnets?4. Would Machiavelli agree or disagree

with this statement?“Leaders should do what is necessary to achieve their goals.”