The EUMETSAT Satellite Application Facility on support to

IPWG, 3rd Workshop, Melbourne, 23-27 October 2006 1

The EUMETSAT Satellite Application Facility on support toOperational Hydrology and Water Management (H-SAF)

Bizzarro Bizzarri, on behalf of the H-SAF consortium

Contents

• Background, objectives, partnership

• The products (precipitation, soil moisture, snow parameters)

• The Hydrological validation programme

• The stepwise development approach

• Some focus on the precipitation processing chain


SATELLITE APPLICATION FACILITIES (SAF’s):

decentralised elements of the EUMETSAT Application Ground Segment

Meteosat MetOp-EPS Other satellites (NOAA, TRMM, AQUA, ...)

EUMETSAT Central Facility

NowcastingSAF

Ocean & IceSAF

ClimateSAF

NWPSAF

OzoneSAF

LandSAF

GRAS MeteoSAF

HydrologySAF

U S E R S

New !


BACKGROUND

In recent years, the interest of the hydrological community for using satellitedata has rapidly increased because of:

• improved satellite data quality;

• improved performance of hydrological models including their capability to assimilate observational data.

Steps towards the establishment of H-SAF:

• 2000-2001: consultation among EUMETSAT Member and Cooperating States.

• 2001-2002: Working Group on a Potential SAF (established objectives).

• 2003-2004: SAF Hydrology Framework Working Group (defined scientific strategy and long term vision).

• 2005: Proposal for the H-SAF Development Phase (2005-2010) delivered.

• Development Phase approved by Council on 3 July 2005.

Status as of today:

• Kick-Off meeting held on 15 September 2005.

• Preliminary Design Review (PDR) (12-13 December 2006) being prepared.

The Operational Phase should follow in 2010-2015.


Objectives of H-SAF

The objectives of H-SAF are:

• to provide new satellite-derived products:

- precipitation (liquid, solid, rate, cumulate)

- soil moisture (at surface, in the roots region)

- snow parameters (cover, melting conditions, water equivalent);

• to perform independent validation of the usefulness of the new products for hydrological applications.


Composition of the H-SAF Consortium


Satellite precipitation products and satellite data sources


NOAA-18 (LST 14:00) (AMSU-A , MHS)

DMSP-16 (LST 8:15) (SSMIS)

DMSP-17 (LST 5:30) (SSMIS)

NOAA-17 (LST 10:24) (AMSU-A , AMSU-B)

MetOp-1 (LST 9:30) (AMSU-A , MHS)

Coverage each 3 hours by polar satellites operational in 2006


DMSP-16

DMSP-17

NOAA-17

NOAA-18

MetOp-1

Meteosat-9

EOS/Aqua

NASA

REAL-TIMEPRE-

PROCESSING

PRODUCTGENERATION

Database of precipitating cloud

models

Tools for productvalidation and improvement

QUALITYCONTROL

EUMETSAT

MEMBERS AND

COOPERATING

STATES

Data from lightning networks

Meteorologicalmaps

VIS/IR/MWimages

Radarimages

TRMM

Datasets of AMSR-E + AMSU-A + HSBDatasets of TMI + PR + LIS

Feedback from National Civil

Protection

Data from raingauge networks

NATO

SSM/I

SSMIS

AMSU-A

AMSU-B

MHS

SEVIRI

Functional concept of the processing chain for precipitation products generation


Satellite soil moisture products and satellite data sources


ASCAT coverage in 24 h. The close-to-nadir 700-km gap in between the two 500-km lateral swaths is not shown


Functional concept of the processing chain for soil moisture


SM-OBS-1 – Soil moisture observed by radar scatterometer

End-users and H-SAF central archive

Quality control

Global parameter database

Global product Disaggregated product

Additional datasets

ASCAT Processing Chain

ASCAT

MetOp

European parameter database

Surface soil moisture products generation chain


Surface Data Assimilation System

SM-OBS-1

Conventionalobservations

Satelliteobservations

Integrated Forecast System

SM-ASS-1 - Soil moisture from ECMWF assimilation

ZAMG product data base

Volumetric soil moisture product generation chain


Satellite snow products and satellite data sources


AVHRR coverage in 6 h by NOAA-17, NOAA-18 and

MetOp-1

MODIS coverage in9 h by EOS-Terra and EOS-Aqua

Coverage from AVHRR (in 6 hours) and MODIS (in 9 hours) during the Development Phase


Vegetation,DEM, GIS

Tools for productvalidation and improvement

REAL-TIMEPRE-

PROCESSING

PRODUCTGENERATION

QUALITYCONTROL

EUMETSAT

MEMBERS AND

COOPERATING

STATES

Data from in-field snow stations

VIS/IR/MWimages

SEVIRI

SSM/I

AMSR-E

EOS/Aqua

EOS/Terra

MetOp-1

NOAA-17

NOAA-18

Meteosat-9

DMSP-16

DMSP-17

NATO

AVHRR

ASCAT

MODIS

Functional concept of the processing chain for snow products

Two similar chains active: in Finland for flat and forested areas in Turkey for mountainous regions.


The hydrological validation programme

The hydrological validation programme must provide independentassessment of the impact of the new data on operational hydrology.

Activities:

• requirements analysis;

• development of methodology and algorithms for products up-scaling, down-scaling, averaging over catchments etc.;

• use of hydrological/hydrodynamic models for impact studies;

• determination of the requirements for improvements of product algorithms;

• validation of final products with use of hydrological models;

• developments of methodology and algorithms for merging satellite products with other data sources;

• creation of structure for on-going H-SAF products validation and quality assessment.


Concept of the hydrological validation Cluster and its relation to Clusters 1-3


The hydrological validation programme will make use of test sites


Logic of the H-SAF Development Phase

Development work for improved

precipitation data quality

Routine production of precipitation data for systematic value

assessment

Development work for improved snow

data quality

Routine production of snow data for systematic value

assessment

Development work for improved soil

moisture data quality

Routine production of soil moisture data for systematic value

assessment

Development work for improved data

assimilation schemes

Space-time continuisation for

grid data at specified times by assimilation

Measured precipitation

Computed precipitation

Computed soil moisture

Computed snow parameters

Measured soil moisture

Measured snow parameters

Assessment programme to evaluate the benefit of satellite-derived precipitation, soil moistureand snow information in European hydrology and water resource management


End-userfeedback

Augmenteddatabases

Advancedalgorithms

Newinstruments

Initialdatabases

Baselinealgorithms

Currentinstruments

Cal/valprogramme

Version-1 Version-2 Final VersionPrototyping

Operational End-users and Hydrological validation programme

Logic of the incremental development scheme


Satellites bydirect read-out

Localdatabases

Products fromother SAF’s

Ancillary datalocally available

NWP productsand climatology

Satellites viaEUMETCast

INPUTDATA

Soil moistureat surface layer

AUSTRIASoil moisture

in roots regionECMWF

Snow parametersin flat land, forests

FINLANDSnow parametersin mountain areas

TURKEY

Precipitation products observed

and forecastITALY

CoordinationITALY as Host

PROCESSING

CENTRES

Various links

Operationalhydro services

Civil Protectionoperational units

Meteorological services

OPERATIONALEND-USERS

Dedicated links

H-SAFArchive

U-MARF

Institutes incharge of

hydrologicalvalidation

(led by POLAND)

Other R&D Institutes

SCIENTIFIC

USERS

U-MARF Client

Sketch system architecture of H-SAF


SSM/I – SSMIS processing chain AMSU – MHS processing chain LEO/MW + GEO/IRprocessing chain

Precipitation products generation chain

SSM/I

DMSP F15

Processor

SSMIS

DMSP F16

Processor

AMSU-A

NOAA,MetOp

Processor

AMSU-B

NOAA 17

Processor

MHS

NOAA 18,MetOp

Processor

SEVIRI

Meteosat 8

Processor

PR-OBS-1 – Precipitation rate from LEO/MW PR-OBS-2 – Precipitation ratefrom blended LEO/MW and GEO/IR

Accumulated precipitationprocessing chain

PR-OBS-3 – Accumulated precipitationfrom LEO/MW and from LEO/MW+GEO/IR


Quality control Quality control Quality control


Flow chart of the SSM/I-SSMIS precipitation rate processing chain

Meteorologicalevents

Simulatedcloud microphysics

SimulatedMW radiances

Cloud-RadiationDatabase

Cloud ResolvingModel

Radiative TransferModel

Instrumentmodel

Actual SSM/I - SSMIS data (pre-processed)

Ingestionpreparation model

Precipitationretrieval model

Uncertaintyestimator model

Error structuredatabase

PRECIPITATION RATE

ERRORESTIMATE

OFF-LINE ACTIVITY REAL-TIME ACTIVITY


AMSU-A (48 km)

AMSU-B or MHS (16 km)

AMSU-A (16 km)

Extraction of high-spatial frequency content

Geometrical manipulations(reduction to

vertical viewing)

Cloud microphysics provision (database

or in-line NWP model)TBD

Retrieval algorithm(Bayesian or neural

network)TBD

PRECIPITATION RATE

Flow chart of the AMSU-MHS precipitation rate processing chain


SSM/I-SSMIS

AMSU-MHS

SEVIRI15-min images

~ 3-hourly sequenceof MW observations

Lookup tablesupdating Rapid-update

algorithm

Extraction of dynamical info

Morphingalgorithm

PRECIPITATIONRATE

Flow chart of the LEO/MW-GEO/IR-blending precipitation rate processing chain


Precipitation ratefrom MW imageryevery 3-4 hours

(PR-OBS-1)

Library of error structure of PR-OBS-1

PR-OBS-1products archive

Precipitation ratefrom MW+IR imagery

every 15 minutes(PR-OBS-2)

Library of error structure of PR-OBS-2

PR-OBS-2products archive

On-line meteorological information(surface wind and temperature, …)

Accumulated precipitation over 24 h

from MW only


from MW + IR


from MW + IR


from MW + IR


from MW + IR

Flow chart of the accumulated precipitation processing chain

PR-OBS-3products

generation


SSM/I – SSMIS processing chain AMSU – MHS processing chain

Precipitation and derived products by a meso-scale NWP model

SSM/I

DMSP F15

Processor

SSMIS

DMSP F16

Processor

AMSU-A

NOAA,MetOp

Processor

AMSU-B

NOAA 17

Processor

MHS

NOAA 18,MetOp

Processor

Analysed precipitation rate (PR-ASS-1)


High resolution model synthetic radiances

1D VAR Analysis

High resolution model Integration

Analysed hydrometeor profiles

Accumulated precipitation

Soil moisture (exp.)

Snow water equivalent (experim.)

Forecast precipitation ratePR-ASS-2


CONCLUSIONS

H-SAF could strongly expand the use of satellites in Hydrology.

The Development Phase (2005-2010) will:

• make available new products (precipitation, soil moisture, snow parameters) in a pre-operational fashion;

• progressively improve products quality through a continuous development programme parallel to the pre-operational activity;

• independently assess the benefit of the new products through a hydrological validation programme.

Consequent to:

• demonstrated feasibility and affordability of generating the new products;

• demonstrated cost-effectiveness for application to Hydrology;

a possible Operational Phase (2010-2015) could follow.

Cooperation with IPWG is essential for H-SAF:

• H-SAF is not for science: it is for implementing an operational application;

• all algorithms being used or considered for use stem from IPWG activity;

• for products cal/val it is envisaged to heavily rely on IPWG settlements.

The EUMETSAT Satellite Application Facility on support to

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