The English in America

Part One:

England’s desire for colonies

in America

First Explorations

• Louis VII, Kind of England, having learned about the news of Columbus’ successful voyage, decided to join the colonizing venture.

• Genoese sailor, Giovanni Gabotto (John Cabot) made a voyage in 1497

• He arrived in Saint John,

an island.

• Cabot returns to England without treasure (gold).

First Explorations

• The king ordered a second travel.– John and his son

Sebastian lead the team.

– John dies

– Sebastian returns to England

• The English did not go back to America until the reign of Queen Elizabeth I in 1585.

First Explorations

• Activity 1– Create a map of Cabot’s travels.

First Explorations

The English in America

Part Two: XVII Century Europe

Religious Matters in XVII Century Europe

• King Henry VIII, King of England, and son of Henry VII, married Queen Catalina de Aragón, from Spain.

• They had a daughter, Princess Maria.

Religious Matters in XVII Century Europe

• King Henry VIII wanted a male heir for the throne.

• He asked Pope Clement VII permission to divorce.

• The Pope refused.

Religious Matters in XVII Century Europe

• King Henry VIII founded the Anglican Church (Church of England) in order to get a divorce.

• He wants to remarry and have a son.

• He would marry six times in his life.

Religious Matters in XVII Century Europe• The Appearance of

Protestantism– Martin Luther, a German

theologian, rebelled against Pope Leon X.

– John Calvin joined the “Protestant Reform”.

– Various groups of Christianity appear in Europe.

Religious Matters in XVII Century Europe

• Religious wars in Europe.

• Religious persecution in England by Queen Mary.– Daughter of Henry VIII and

Catalina de Aragón.

– Catholic

• Protestants escape from England.

Religious Matters in XVII Century Europe

• Queen Elizabeth I of England joins the Anglican Church.

• Religious tensions end in England.

Religious Matters in XVII Century Europe

• Activity 2 Compare and contrast Catholicism vs Protestantism.

PC

The English in America

Part Three: First Attempts of English Colonization

First Attempts of English Colonization

• In 1583, Queen Elizabeth I requested Sir Humphrey Gilbert to engage in an expedition to colonize American lands.

First Attempts of English Colonization

• Gilbert arrived to Newfoundland, but was lost at sea in his return.

First Attempts of English Colonization

• Queen Elizabeth sent another explorer, Sir Walter Raleigh, to America.

• Raleigh arrived to North America, and named the region Virginia, in honor of the queen.

First Attempts of English Colonization

• In 1585, Raleigh took a group of 117 people, including children, to the island of Roanoke.

• John White, their leader, returned to England to get provisions.

First Attempts of English Colonization

• John White returned to Roanoke three years later, but nobody was there.

• They found a sing on a tree: CROATOAN – Island on the coast

The English in America

Part Four: Colonizing Actions by King James I

A New Heir

• Queen Elizabeth I never married.

• She named James I, son of her cousin, Queen Mary Stuart of Scotland, as her heir.

Colonizing Actions by King James I

• In 1606, King James I wrote a decree giving two companies, Plymouth and London, the authorization to organize colonies in Virginia.

The Companies The King

Pay the expenses

Own the colonies

Appoint the government

Establish laws

Provide the land

(The English did not recognized the natives any right to their homeland.)

Colonizing Actions by King James I

• In 1607, the first English colony is finally established in Chesapeake Bay: Jamestown.

• Activity 3– Create a poster to attract the first settlers to

Jamestown. Emphasize its location as well as characteristics of the area such as good land for sowing, marine routes, and mineral resources.

Colonizing Actions by King James I