The Engineer at work

8/7/2019 The Engineer at work

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Engineering ProfessionEngineering Profession

The Engineer at WorkThe Engineer at Work


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N ature of the WorkN ature of the Work

Engineers apply the principles of scienceEngineers apply the principles of scienceand mathematics to develop economicaland mathematics to develop economical

solutions to technical problems. Their worksolutions to technical problems. Their workis the link between scientific discoveriesis the link between scientific discoveriesand the commercial applications that meetand the commercial applications that meetsocietal and consumer needs.societal and consumer needs.Many engineers develop new products.Many engineers develop new products.


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D uring the process, they consider severalD uring the process, they consider severalfactors. For example, in developing anfactors. For example, in developing anindustrial robot, engineers specify theindustrial robot, engineers specify thefunctional requirements precisely; designfunctional requirements precisely; designand test the robot's components; integrateand test the robot's components; integrate

the components to produce the finalthe components to produce the finaldesign; and evaluate the design's overalldesign; and evaluate the design's overalleffectiveness, cost, reliability, and safety.effectiveness, cost, reliability, and safety.This process applies to the developmentThis process applies to the development

of many different products, such asof many different products, such aschemicals, computers, powerplants,chemicals, computers, powerplants,helicopters, and toys.helicopters, and toys.


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In addition to their involvement in designIn addition to their involvement in design

and development, many engineers work inand development, many engineers work intesting, production, or maintenance.testing, production, or maintenance.These engineers supervise production inThese engineers supervise production infactories, determine the causes of afactories, determine the causes of acomponents failure, and testcomponents failure, and testmanufactured products to maintain quality.manufactured products to maintain quality.They also estimate the time and costThey also estimate the time and costrequired to complete projects. Supervisoryrequired to complete projects. Supervisoryengineers are responsible for major engineers are responsible for major components or entire projects.components or entire projects.


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Engineers use computers extensively toEngineers use computers extensively to

produce and analyze designs; to simulateproduce and analyze designs; to simulateand test how a machine, structure, or and test how a machine, structure, or system operates; to generatesystem operates; to generatespecifications for parts; to monitor thespecifications for parts; to monitor thequality of products; and to control thequality of products; and to control theefficiency of processes.efficiency of processes.


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Most engineers specialize. FollowingMost engineers specialize. Followingare details on the 17 engineeringare details on the 17 engineeringspecialties covered in the Federalspecialties covered in the Federal

Government's StandardGovernment's StandardOccupational Classification (SOC)Occupational Classification (SOC)system.system.


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A erospace Engineer A erospace Engineer design, test, and supervise thedesign, test, and supervise themanufacture of aircraft,manufacture of aircraft,spacecraft, and missiles.spacecraft, and missiles.develop new technologies for develop new technologies for use in aviation, defenseuse in aviation, defensesystems, and space exploration,systems, and space exploration,often specializing in areas suchoften specializing in areas suchas structural design, guidance,as structural design, guidance,

navigation and control,navigation and control,instrumentation andinstrumentation andcommunication, and productioncommunication, and productionmethods.methods.


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A gricultural Engineer A gricultural Engineer

apply their knowledge of apply their knowledge of engineering technology andengineering technology andscience to agriculture andscience to agriculture andthe efficient use of biologicalthe efficient use of biologicalresources.resources.design agriculturaldesign agriculturalmachinery, equipment,machinery, equipment,sensors, processes, andsensors, processes, andstructures, such as thosestructures, such as thoseused for crop storage.used for crop storage.


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B iomedical Engineer B iomedical Engineer develop devices anddevelop devices andprocedures that solveprocedures that solvemedical and healthmedical and health- -

related problems byrelated problems bycombining their combining their knowledge of biology andknowledge of biology andmedicine withmedicine withengineering principlesengineering principlesand practices.and practices.


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Chemical EngineersChemical Engineersapply the principles of apply the principles of chemistry to solve problemschemistry to solve problemsinvolving the production or useinvolving the production or useof chemicals and other of chemicals and other

products.products.They design equipment andThey design equipment andprocesses for largeprocesses for large- -scalescalechemical manufacturing, planchemical manufacturing, planand test methods of and test methods of manufacturing products andmanufacturing products andtreating byproducts, andtreating byproducts, andsupervise production.supervise production.


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Civil Engineer Civil Engineer design and supervise thedesign and supervise theconstruction of roads,construction of roads,buildings, airports, tunnels,buildings, airports, tunnels,dams, bridges, and water dams, bridges, and water supply and sewage systems.supply and sewage systems.consider many factors in theconsider many factors in thedesign process from thedesign process from theconstruction costs andconstruction costs and

expected lifetime of a project toexpected lifetime of a project togovernment regulations andgovernment regulations andpotential environmentalpotential environmentalhazards such as earthquakeshazards such as earthquakesand hurricanes.and hurricanes.


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Computer Hardware Engineer Computer Hardware Engineer research, design,research, design,develop, test, anddevelop, test, andoversee the manufactureoversee the manufacture

and installation of and installation of computer hardware,computer hardware,including computer chips,including computer chips,circuit boards, computer circuit boards, computer

systems, and relatedsystems, and relatedequipment such asequipment such askeyboards, routers, andkeyboards, routers, andprinters.printers.


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Electrical Engineer Electrical Engineer design, develop, test,design, develop, test,and supervise theand supervise themanufacture of electricalmanufacture of electricalequipment.equipment.traditionally have focusedtraditionally have focusedon the generation andon the generation andsupply of power, whereassupply of power, whereaselectronics engineerselectronics engineers

have worked onhave worked onapplications of electricityapplications of electricityto control systems or to control systems or signal processing.signal processing.


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Electronics Engineer Electronics Engineer responsible for a wideresponsible for a widerange of technologies,range of technologies,from portable musicfrom portable musicplayers to globalplayers to global

positioning systemspositioning systems(GPS), which can(GPS), which cancontinuously provide thecontinuously provide thelocation of location of

design, develop, test, anddesign, develop, test, andsupervise the manufacturesupervise the manufactureof electronic equipmentof electronic equipmentsuch as broadcast andsuch as broadcast andcommunications systems.communications systems.


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Environmental Engineer Environmental Engineer use the principles of use the principles of biology and chemistry tobiology and chemistry todevelop solutions todevelop solutions toenvironmental problems.environmental problems.involved in water and air involved in water and air pollution control,pollution control,recycling, waste disposal,recycling, waste disposal,

and public health issues.and public health issues.


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Health and Safety Engineer Health and Safety Engineer prevent harm to peopleprevent harm to peopleand property by applyingand property by applyingtheir knowledge of their knowledge of systems engineering andsystems engineering and

mechanical, chemical,mechanical, chemical,and human performanceand human performanceprinciples.principles.identify and measureidentify and measure

potential hazards, suchpotential hazards, suchas the risk of fires or theas the risk of fires or thedangers involved indangers involved inhandling toxic chemicals.handling toxic chemicals.


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Industrial Engineer Industrial Engineer determine the most effectivedetermine the most effectiveways to use the basic factorsways to use the basic factorsof productionof production people,people,machines, materials,machines, materials,

information, and energyinformation, and energy totomake a product or provide amake a product or provide aservice.service.concerned primarily withconcerned primarily with

increasing productivityincreasing productivitythrough the management of through the management of people, methods of businesspeople, methods of businessorganization, andorganization, andtechnology.technology.


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Marine Engineer Marine Engineer involved in the design,involved in the design,construction, andconstruction, andmaintenance of ships, boats,maintenance of ships, boats,and related equipment.and related equipment.design and supervise thedesign and supervise theconstruction of everythingconstruction of everythingfrom aircraft carriers tofrom aircraft carriers to

submarines and fromsubmarines and fromsailboats to tankers.sailboats to tankers.


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Material Engineer Material Engineer involved in the development,involved in the development,processing, and testing of theprocessing, and testing of thematerials used to create a rangematerials used to create a rangeof products, from computer chipsof products, from computer chips

and aircraft wings to golf clubsand aircraft wings to golf clubsand snow skis.and snow skis.work with metals, ceramics,work with metals, ceramics,plastics, semiconductors, andplastics, semiconductors, andcomposites to create newcomposites to create newmaterials that meet certainmaterials that meet certainmechanical, electrical, andmechanical, electrical, andchemical requirements.chemical requirements.


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Mechanical Engineer Mechanical Engineer research, design, develop,research, design, develop,manufacture, and testmanufacture, and testtools, engines, machines,tools, engines, machines,and other mechanicaland other mechanicaldevices.devices.work on power work on power- -producingproducingmachines such as electricmachines such as electricgenerators, internalgenerators, internalcombustion engines, andcombustion engines, andsteam and gas turbines.steam and gas turbines.


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Mining and Geological Engineer Mining and Geological Engineer find, extract, and preparefind, extract, and preparecoal, metals, and mineralscoal, metals, and mineralsfor use by manufacturingfor use by manufacturingindustries and utilities.industries and utilities.

design open-pit andunderground mines,supervise the construction of mine shafts and tunnels inunderground operations, anddevise methods for transporting minerals toprocessing plants.


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N uclear Engineer N uclear Engineer research and develop theresearch and develop theprocesses, instruments, andprocesses, instruments, andsystems used to derivesystems used to derivebenefits from nuclear energybenefits from nuclear energyand radiation.and radiation.design, develop, monitor,design, develop, monitor,and operate nuclear plants toand operate nuclear plants togenerate power.generate power.


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Petroleum Engineer Petroleum Engineer design methods for design methods for extracting oil and gas fromextracting oil and gas fromdeposits below the earth.deposits below the earth.work with geologists andwork with geologists andother specialists toother specialists tounderstand the geologicunderstand the geologicformation and properties of formation and properties of the rock containing thethe rock containing the

reservoir, to determine thereservoir, to determine thedrilling methods to be used,drilling methods to be used,and to monitor drilling andand to monitor drilling andproduction operations.production operations.


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Work EnvironmentWork Environment

Most engineers work in office buildings,Most engineers work in office buildings,laboratories, or industrial plants.laboratories, or industrial plants.Others may spend time outdoors atOthers may spend time outdoors atconstruction sites and oil and gasconstruction sites and oil and gasexploration and production sites, whereexploration and production sites, wherethey monitor or direct operations or solvethey monitor or direct operations or solveonsite problems. Some engineers travelonsite problems. Some engineers travelextensively to plants or worksites here andextensively to plants or worksites here andabroad.abroad.


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Many engineers work a standard 40Many engineers work a standard 40- -hour hour week.week.A

t times, deadlines or design standards A

t times, deadlines or design standardsmay bring extra pressure to a job,may bring extra pressure to a job,requiring engineers to work longer hours.requiring engineers to work longer hours.

The Engineer at work

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