The end of WWI and the Treaty of Versailles Costs of the War.
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The end of WWI and The end of WWI and the Treaty of the Treaty of Versailles Versailles
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Transcript of The end of WWI and the Treaty of Versailles Costs of the War.
The end of WWI and the The end of WWI and the Treaty of VersaillesTreaty of Versailles
Costs of the War
How many lives were lost during the War?
8.5 Million soldiers lost their lives in WWI
21 Million were wounded
Mobilization
23
42
0 10
20
30
40
50
Millions
Number ofTroops
Mobilizedin Millions
AlliedPowers
CentralPowers
Losses by Country
0
200,000
400,000
600,000
800,000
1,000,000
1,200,000
1,400,000
1,600,000
1,800,000
Deaths
USAItalyBritish EmpireFranceRussiaOttoman EmpireAustria-HungaryGermany
Averages per day: 2,533 killed 9,121 wounded
1 out of every 10 French citizens were killed or injured
Estimated Civilian Deaths 2.5 to 4.5 Million
Money Total Costs of WWI=
about $338 Billion
Germany lost the most $210 Million
US gained the most $475 Million
The general rule of thumb-
If you were deeply involved you lost money, if not you gained $$$
Colonial Forces
Fought for the French and the British with the hope that they would be granted independence.
Africans and Asians felt that if they were “good enough” to fight and die in the Empire’s cause, they were good enough to have a share in the government of their countries.
What killed more people than the war, but occurred at the
same time?
Influenza Pandemic of
1918
Killer of 20 Million World Wide!!!
How did the War come to an How did the War come to an end?end?
The War ended in 1918The War ended in 1918 November 11November 11thth (at 11am) the Armistice was (at 11am) the Armistice was
signedsigned
In the summer of 1919 leaders from the In the summer of 1919 leaders from the Allied Powers met to “fix Europe” Allied Powers met to “fix Europe”
Woodrow Wilson of the US seemed to Woodrow Wilson of the US seemed to believe this would be an easy task!believe this would be an easy task!
The Treaty of Versailles The Treaty of Versailles
What was the GOAL of the Treaty?What was the GOAL of the Treaty? Wanted to punish the Central Powers (Germany Wanted to punish the Central Powers (Germany
specifically)specifically)
Established…Established… Nine new nationsNine new nations Shifted the boundaries of othersShifted the boundaries of others Demilitarized GermanyDemilitarized Germany Stripped Germany of its air force and most of its navyStripped Germany of its air force and most of its navy
Meet in Paris at Versailles
Double check that your journal has all of the correct pages:
Cover: WWI theme and your name
Page 1: Propaganda (in class on block day)
Page 2: Journal: “When is it justified to go to war?”
Page 3: Describe the TENSIONS leading to war
Page 4: MAIN causes with picture definitions
Page 5: MAIN chart Page 6: Map of Balkans Page 7: Map of early alliances Page 8: “The Spark” Page 9: Schlieffen Plan Page 10: Map of Alliances
and Fronts Page 11: Trench Warfare
Page 12-13: WWI Battles (1st Marne, Verdun, Somme, 2nd Marne)
Page 14-15: Weapons/ Technology
Page 16: Global Conflict Chart
Page 17: Goals of 4 areas outside of the fronts
Page 18: Armenian Genocide
Page 19: US Page 20: Russian
withdrawal and treaty Page 21: Poem Pages 22-23: next
week Timeline
The Treaty of Versailles The Treaty of Versailles
What was the GOAL of the Treaty?What was the GOAL of the Treaty? Wanted to punish the Central Powers (Germany Wanted to punish the Central Powers (Germany
specifically)specifically)
Established…Established… Nine new nationsNine new nations Shifted the boundaries of othersShifted the boundaries of others Demilitarized GermanyDemilitarized Germany Stripped Germany of its air force and most of its navyStripped Germany of its air force and most of its navy
Meet in Paris at Versailles
In your journal…
On page 22 list the “Big 4”
On page 23 fill out the chart as we discuss the Treaty of Versailles
The “Big Four” The “Big Four”
David Lloyd George – Great BritainDavid Lloyd George – Great Britain Vittorio Orlando – ItalyVittorio Orlando – Italy Georges Clemenceau – FranceGeorges Clemenceau – France Woodrow Wilson – United StatesWoodrow Wilson – United States
Got together to set up the Treaty of VersaillesGot together to set up the Treaty of Versailles
The Treaty of Versailles The Treaty of Versailles
What was the GOAL of the Treaty?What was the GOAL of the Treaty? Wanted to punish the Central Powers (Germany Wanted to punish the Central Powers (Germany
specifically)specifically)
Established…Established… Nine new nationsNine new nations Shifted the boundaries of othersShifted the boundaries of others Demilitarized GermanyDemilitarized Germany Stripped Germany of its air force and most of its navyStripped Germany of its air force and most of its navy
Meet in Paris at Versailles
Who is to blame for the war?Who is to blame for the war?
GERMANYGERMANY
What is the cost of the War?What is the cost of the War?
Germany has to pay $33 BillionGermany has to pay $33 Billion This would be about 2.7 trillion in today’s This would be about 2.7 trillion in today’s
dollars! dollars!
What happens to Germany’s What happens to Germany’s Military?Military?
Germany can Germany can only have a only have a standing army of standing army of 100,000 men100,000 men
Stripped Stripped Germany of its Germany of its air force and air force and most of its navymost of its navy
Germany’s MilitaryGermany’s Military
Reduced to 100,000 Reduced to 100,000 men. men.
German Navy German Navy reduced to 36 ships.reduced to 36 ships.
No tanks, No tanks, submarines or submarines or aircraft. aircraft.
All wartime All wartime weapons to be weapons to be melted down.melted down.
What happens What happens to the to the
Colonies?Colonies? They are in Africa and They are in Africa and
Middle East Middle East
France & Great Britain France & Great Britain split the colonies & split the colonies & territories captured territories captured from Germany & from Germany & TurkeyTurkey
RhinelandRhineland
The Allies take The Allies take control and do control and do not let the not let the German Military German Military have a presence have a presence in the area.in the area.
Alsace-Alsace-LorraineLorraine
Returned to FranceReturned to France
SaarSaar
Given to France for 15 years.Given to France for 15 years.
France needs coal mines to rebuildFrance needs coal mines to rebuild
After 15 years the people of this region After 15 years the people of this region can vote on whether they want to be can vote on whether they want to be apart of France or Germany.apart of France or Germany.
What happens to Poland?What happens to Poland? Becomes an independent nationBecomes an independent nation Cut off east of Prussia from the rest of Cut off east of Prussia from the rest of
GermanyGermany
DanzigDanzig
Made a free city under the Protection of Made a free city under the Protection of the League of Nationsthe League of Nations
Finland, Lithuania, Latvia & EstoniaFinland, Lithuania, Latvia & Estonia
Become independent nationsBecome independent nations
CzechoslovakiaCzechoslovakia Made into an independent nationMade into an independent nation
Italy’s Territorial GainsItaly’s Territorial Gains
Only land in the Only land in the Alps and the port Alps and the port of Trieste where of Trieste where mostly Italians live.mostly Italians live.
What happens to Serbia and the What happens to Serbia and the Slavs of the Balkans?Slavs of the Balkans?
United with United with other Slavic other Slavic people to people to form form Yugoslavia.Yugoslavia.
What happened to What happened to Kaiser Wilhelm II?Kaiser Wilhelm II?
Left alone in Left alone in exile in Hollandexile in Holland
League of League of NationsNations
It is created It is created and agreed and agreed uponupon
What was the League of Nations?
Group to mediate (talk though) problems between nations
Thought up by Woodrow Wilson But the US never joins because of political
differences between the President and the US Congress.
Brought to life by the Treaty of Versailles
Watch Brain PopWatch Brain Pop
http://www.brainpop.com/http://www.brainpop.com/socialstudies/worldhistory/socialstudies/worldhistory/leagueofnations/zoom.wemlleagueofnations/zoom.weml
Double check that your journal has all of the correct pages:
Cover: WWI theme and your name
Page 1: Propaganda (in class on block day)
Page 2: Journal: “When is it justified to go to war?”
Page 3: Describe the TENSIONS leading to war
Page 4: MAIN causes with picture definitions
Page 5: MAIN chart Page 6: Map of Balkans Page 7: Map of early
alliances Page 8: “The Spark” Page 9: Schlieffen Plan Page 10: Map of
Alliances and Fronts Page 11: Trench Warfare
Page 12-13: WWI Battles (1st Marne, Verdun, Somme, 2nd Marne)
Page 14-15: Weapons/ Technology
Page 16: Global Conflict Chart
Page 17: Goals of 4 areas outside of the fronts
Page 18: Armenian Genocide
Page 19: US Page 20: Russian
withdrawal and treaty Page 21: Poem Page 22: Big 4 Page 23: Treaty of
Versailles chart Extra pages:
pics/extra notes/etc. Timeline
Make sure your timeline is up to date!
June 28th, 1914 FF killed
July 23rd 1914 Austria issues
ultimatum July 25th 1914
Serbia denies July 28th 1914
AH declares war on Serbia
August 1, 1914 Germany declares
war on Russia August 3
Germany declares war on France
September 3 1st Battle of Marne
May 7, 1915 Lusitania sunk
1915-1917 Unrestricted sub
warfare March 1917
Czar Nicholas abdicates the Russian throne
April 2, 1917 US declares war
on Germany March 1918
Russia signs treaty with Germany
July-August 1918 2nd Battle of
the Marne November 11
(11am), 1918 Armistice is
signed (fighting stops)
June 28, 1919 Treaty of
Versailles
