The End of War
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Transcript of The End of War
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The End of War
SWBAT: identify the reasons for and against dropping the atomic bomb.
Homework: None
Do Now: What do you already know about the atomic bomb?
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Yalta Conference
▪ In February, 1945 Roosevelt, Churchill, and Stalin met at Yalta in the Soviet Union to discuss a plan for the end of WWII.
▪ They agreed that:– Germany would be divided into 4 and occupied by the
Allies.– After Germany surrendered, the Soviets would
declare war on Japan.▪ In return for their help, the USSR would receive several
Japanese territories.
▪ They agreed to meet again after the surrender of Germany to discuss further.
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The Death of a President
▪ 2 months later on April 12, 1945 Roosevelt complained of a headache and lost consciousness. He would not wake up again.
▪ Doctors quickly realized FDR had a stroke.
▪ Later that day, Roosevelt died.
▪ Roosevelt would not see the end of the war he had fought so hard to win.
Franklin Delano Roosevelt's funeral procession with horse-drawn casket, Washington, D.C.
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Fall of Germany
▪ After D-Day, Allied troops made their way across France and towards Germany.
▪ On the other side of Europe, Soviet troops made their way across Poland toward Germany as well.– Soviet troops reach Berlin first and begin the offensive April 20, 1945.
▪ On April 30, Hitler and many of his top officials commit suicide in a bunker in Berlin.
▪ On May 2, 1945 Berlin falls.
▪ On May 8, 1945 the war in Europe is officially over.
▪ War with Japan, however, was expected to last another year.
The Reichstag after its capture by the Soviet troops, 3 June 1945. Berlin, Germany.
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Truman takes over
▪ Harry Truman took over as president after only 82 days as vice president.
▪ Prior to taking over, he had no knowledge of the Manhattan Project or the atomic bomb.
▪ It was not until April 25, he was informed that a new weapon was in creation that could end the war.
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Potsdam Conference
▪ July 17- Aug. 2 the U.S., Soviet Union, and Great Britain met in Potsdam, Germany to discuss a post-war world.
▪ But there were some major changes in leadership between Yalta and now.– While Joseph Stalin remained leader of
the USSR, Truman replaced Roosevelt and Clement Attlee replaced Winston Churchill.
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Decisions
▪ Decisions made at the conference:– Germany would be divided into 4 zones as would Berlin.– Nazi party members would be tried at court. – Reversion of all German annexations in Europe, including Sudetenland, Alsace-
Lorraine, Austria, and the westernmost parts of Poland
▪ While at the conference, Truman had gotten word that the first test of the atomic bomb had been successful. He told Stalin that a new powerful weapon would be used on the Japanese.– Stalin had known about the bomb for months.
▪ Japan was told to surrender or meet "prompt and utter destruction“.
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Japan refuses to surrender
▪ In August, 1945 the Japanese Imperial government refused surrender demands.
▪ Truman now had a choice to make:– 1. Could use the atomic bomb.– 2. Could prepare for an invasion of Japan.– 3. Could continue to bomb Japan’s major cities and blockade the waterways until Japan surrendered.
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Atomic Bomb Activity
▪ You will be given 4 documents relating to the atomic bomb.
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The bomb
▪ Truman ultimately decided that the best way and fastest way to end the war would be the atomic bomb.
▪ On Aug. 6, the atomic bomb was dropped on Hiroshima. – Japan still did not surrender.
▪ A second bomb was dropped over Nagasaki on Aug. 9.
▪ On August 13, 1945 Japan agreed to an unconditional surrender.
▪ World War II was officially over.