The Elesunian and Bacchic Mysteries

7/21/2019 The Elesunian and Bacchic Mysteries

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Eleusinian Ceremony.Denkmler Sculptor.

p. 1

THE

ELEUSINIAN

AND

BACCHIC MYSTERIES.

A DISSERTATION.

BY

THOMAS TAYLOR,

TRANSLATOR OF PLATO, PLOTINTUS, PORPHYRY, IAMBLICHUS, PROCLUS, ARISTOTLE, ETC., ETC.

EDITED, WITH INTRODUCTION, NOTES, EMENDATIONS, AND GLOSSARY,

BY

ALEXANDER WILDER, M. D.

!"!#$% &'()* +- & *((/( & +)0, 1 * (/ 2(10*1, & / - '*-0*-) +-0)0 *).

PROCLUS3Manuscript Commentary upon Plato, I. Alcibiades.

WITH 45 ILLUSTRATIONS BY A. L. RAWSON.

FOURTH EDITION.


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NEW6YOR73

8. W. BOUTON, 4 WEST 94THSTREET.

:;4?@>? > >?6?., A@>JK 9J> ;


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Bacchic Ceremonies.

p. 5

Bacchus and ymphs.


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!luto" !roserpina" and #uries.

p. $

Eleusinian !riestesses.

Bacchante and #aun. #aun and Bacchus.


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p. %

CONTENTS.

#&B'E(S')*E+S,)-'D" !)EB/SC0(''E-

(-)DC() 11

SEC()(." E'ES((&/SE-(ES 31

SEC()((." B&CC0(C/SE-(ES 1%

0/)(E-*& 224

&!!ED( 22

)-!0(C0/S 23

0/)#C'E&0ES 23

6')SS&-/ 241

'(S)#(''S-&()S 24
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p.


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Eleusinian ysteries.

p.

Bacchus.

7+is not merely

he human 8ein9+s pride that peoples space,ith li:e and mystical predominance"

Since like;ise :or the stricken heart o: 'o


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'urks in the le9end told my in:ant yearshat lies upon that truth" ;e li


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!rometheus.

INTRODUCTION TO THE THIRD EDITION.

(o::erin9 to the pu8lic a ne; edition o: r. homas aylor+s admira8le treatise upon

the Eleusinian and Bacchic ysteries" it is proper to insert a :e; ;ords o: eplanation.

hese o8ser


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hese ;ere the most cele8rated o: all the sacred or9ies" and ;ere called" 8y ;ay o:

eminence" The Mysteries. &lthou9h ehi8itin9 apparently the :eatures o: an Eastern

ori9in" they ;ere e


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!rocession o: (acchos and !hallus.

p. 1%

sacred :i9tree Mall sacred" mark you" :rom Eleusinian associationsN" ;here the

procession rests" and then mo


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hose ;ho are curious to kno; the myth on ;hich

p. 1

the 7mystical drama? o: the Eleusinia is :ounded ;ill :ind it in any Classical Dictionary"

as ;ell as in these pa9es. (t is only pertinent here to 9i


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Etruscan Eleusinian Ceremonies.

Gpara9raph continuesH&ccordin9ly" one day ;hile he ;as contemplatin9 a mirror" I they set

upon him" dis9uised under a coatin9 o: plaster" and tore him into se


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he :irst initiations o: the Eleusinia ;ere called Teletor terminations" as denotin9 that

the imper:ect and rudimentary period o: 9enerated li:e ;as ended and pur9ed o::= and

the candidate ;as denominated a mysta" a ected to passion" lust" and the

8onda9e o: eect o: !lato is to present to us the :act that there

are in the soul certain ideasor principles" innate and connatural" ;hich are not deri


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p. 2

many ;ho still cherish a re9ard" almost amountin9 to


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-ape o: !roserpina.

ADERTISEMENT TO THE AUTHORS EDITION.

&S there is nothin9 more cele8rated than the ysteries o: the ancients" so there is

perhaps nothin9 ;hich has hitherto 8een less solidly kno;n. ): the truth o: this

o8ser


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F?

13@IAtlantic Monthly"


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p. 31

THE ELEUSINIAN AND BACCHIC

Dionysus as 6od o: the Sun.

SECTION I.

D-. ,&-B-)" in his Di


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descending ,ays+ of the tragedies of 'ionysus ./acchus or 0agreus1+ the crimes of the

Titans+ the three ,ays in !ades+ and

p. 34

the ,andering of e"erything of a similar kind.?7[YW ] ]j q`W_jW VYj V] ]j`\^4Y[VYWZ ]bY]jYj" 5Z ]jVWjW ^YT^6 ]U]j 7W `j3^_\YW" UWb V V^]\YTU[

U]_j" X`W V`Z V]]V`Z Mle9e X`W X`V` V`Z V]]V`N `^VT^Y]jYZ V_j W`Y^_j []_j

V[Z T[Z X]X`3`^]j[Z V] X`W `X`3`^VYT ]WZ YT `\WYTU[Z" X`W V`Z V] U]U]WZ `T"

X`W V`Z V^WYYTZ `\Y V_j YTUW_j X`W V_j Mle9e X` X`V` V_jN" \`V WX_j 3]U_j

V]X`W^Y]jYZ. ` [ V[Z UTYWX[Z :\`jV` 3]_^W`Z ]UVW ]UV`" X`W V_j \`^` VYWZ

\YW[V`WZ 3^TYT]j_j `jY_j V] X`W X`3Y_j" V_j V] WYjTUW`X_j UTj3[`V_j" X`W

V_j VWV`jWX_j :`^V[`V_j ]bY]j_j" X`W V_j ]j YT V^WY_j" X`W V[Z \`j[Z" X`W

V_j VYWYTV_j :\`jV_j.?I

0a


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{\Y3j[UX]W YTj" _Z T[ `j 3`jYW X`W 7 3`j`VYZ `TV" X`W ]VW ]j V_ U_`VW

]`\VWU]j[" ]j 2 ]UVW X`V`Tj`W" X`W \[U3[j`W `TV[Z. |`W ]]3YTU[Z ]X]W

X]WU3`W" ]_Z `j`^`X`W `]\_Z V[j YWj ]X VYT Y^Y^YT. |`W VYTVY ]UVW VY ]j

YT ]3YjV` ]\WX`V` `^3]Wj. 0ere the

p. 41p. 42

arcissus. 0erse and ercury.

p. 43

reader may o8ser


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that has 8een said ;e may sa:ely conclude ;ith #icinus" ;hose ;ords are as epress to

our purpose as possi8le. 7'astly"? says he" 7that ( may comprehend the opinion o: the

ancient theolo9ists" on the state o: the soul a:ter death" in a :e; ;ords@ they considered"

as ;e haects o: en>oyment" so the other ;ould 8e tormented

;ith delusi


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antiFuity" deli


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Woo/' -o(r 0)) th i;tr(;i;g 'p0-, 0;/ Co-yt*', g)i/i;g


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To ro)) i;-''0;t


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manuscript Commentary on the first Alcibiades5]j V`WZ :bWYV`V`WZ V_j V]]V_j V^Y V[Z

x]YT \`^YTUW`Z `WYj_j 3YjW_j ]XY`W \^Y`WjYjV`W" X`W `\Y V_j `^`jV_j

`b`3_j ]WZ V[j 2[j \^YX`YT]j`W. I* e. 7(n the most interior sanctities o: the

ysteries" 8e:ore the presence o: the 9od" the rushin9 :orms o: earthly demons appear"

and call the attention :rom the immaculate 9ood to matter.? &nd !letho Mon the raclesN"epressly asserts" that these spectres appeared in the shape o: do9s.

&:ter this" Rneas is descri8ed as proceedin9 to the in:ernal re9ions" throu9h pro:ound

ni9ht and darkness@

Ib0;t ob'-*ri 'o)0 '*b ;o-t pr *+br0+.

Pr* /o+o' Diti' (0-*0', t i;0;i0 rg;0.p. 5%

d*0) pr i;-rt0+ )*;0+ '*b )*- +0)ig;0

E't itr i; 'i)(i'Y *bi -Z)*+ -o;/i/it *+br0J*pitr, t rb*' ;o[ 0b't*)it 0tr0 -o)or+.

^Thy


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^Bor th ;tr0;- it'), 0;/ i; th r't X0unction" it

8ecomes unaect= :or this description contains a three:old di


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Hi;- (i0, T0rt0ri *Z rt %-hro;ti' 0/ *;/0'_

T*rbi/*' hi- -Z;o (0't0* (or0gi; g*rg'

't*0t, 0t* o+;+ Co-yto r*-t0t 0r;0+.

^Hr i' th


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Rneas haustly

placed in the same situation" 8ecause the reason o: punishment is in each eFually

o8scure. #or is it not a >ust matter o: dou8t ;hy the souls o: in:ants should 8e punished~

&nd is it not eFually du8ious and ;onder:ul ;hy those ;ho haustlycondemned to death in one period o: eistence should 8e punished in another~ &nd as to
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suicides" !lato in his Phdo says that the prohi8ition o: this crime in the `\Y^4[V`

MaporrhetaN Iis a pro:ound doctrine" and not easy to 8e

p. $%

understood.I(ndeed" the true cause ;hy the t;o :irst o: these characters are in 0ades"can only 8e ascertained :rom the :act o: a prior state o: eistence" in sur


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Gpara9raph continuesH]TZ ]ÙW]TU]j X`V`V`^V`^zU`Z V{j \`V]^`. WV` VYj W` W]]`VY

7WYjTUYZ" 7j ÙW X`V+ ]\WYT[j V[Z |^`Z VYTZ \]^W `TVYT }WV`j`Z U\`^`VV]Wj"

X`W V_j U`^X_j `TVYT `\Yb]T]U3`W. |`W VYTVYTZ Y^bWU3]WZ 7]TZ ]X]^`Tj_U]" X`W ]X

V[Z `W3`[Z V_j `V_j V_j `j`Y3]jV_j ] `TV_j" 2[Z b]jY]j[Z b]j]U3`W VYTZ

`j3^_\YTZ. T ]W YTj ]`b`b]Wj `Z ]`TVYTZ" YT YVW _Z YX]W ]b]Wj ]WZ" WYVW]j VWjW ]Z]U]j VU_`VW VYTVY b`^ [Yj ]ZVW" X`W YTX `j VYTVY `\Y^4VYj

]]b]" `+ YVW YT ]W ]`b`b]Wj `Z }`TVYTZ _Z VYT U_`VYZ _j WYjTUW`XYT

YjVYZ ]^YZ b`^ `TVYT ]U]j" ]Wb] ]X V[Z `W3`[Z V_j }WV`j_j UTbX]W]3`

b]TU`]j_j V_j U`^X_j VYTVYT. ~]j YTj _X^`V[Z ]^bVY `\Y^4[VYj ]WXjYZ"

VYT T3YT YT]j \]Yj \^YUVW3UW VYT _Z ]j VWjW ^YT^` ]U]j. ~W ] ][b[V`W VYj

T3Yj \^YUVW3]ÙWj ]_3]j. &:ter this he 8eauti:ully o8ser


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human soul has a partial li:e capa8le o: proceedin9 to the most etreme di


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reach. )n this account" it is said o: him" that

^H /r0ggL/ th thr+o*thL/ /og to *ppr /0y_c

intimatin9 that 8y temperance" continence" and the other ecture" there:ore" o: 0y9inus is most

pro8a8le" that *ir9il in this particular committed an o


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:ruit on its 8ranches" ;hich he desired to 9ather" 8ut it


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&nd thus much :or the dramatic sho;s o: the 'esser ysteries" or the :irst part o: these

sacred institutions" ;hich ;as properly denominated V]]V[ Gtelete" the closin9 upH and

T[UWZ muesis Gthe initiationH" as containin9 certain per:ecti


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arises :rom intimate con


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this discourse@ :or i: he ,ho in the present life is in sub3ection to his irrational part is

truly in !ades+ he ,ho is superior to its dominion is like,ise an inhabitant of a place

totally different from !ades. I(: 0ades there:ore

p.

is the re9ion or condition o: punishment and misery" the puri:ied soul must reside in the

re9ions o: 8liss= in a li:e and condition o: purity and contemplation in the present li:e"

and entheastically"Ianimated 8y the di


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he poet" in descri8in9 the employments o: the 8lessed" says@

P0r' i; gr0+i;i' [r-;t ++br0 p0)Z'tri'Y

Co;t;/*;t )*/o, t *)(0 )*-t0;t*r 0r;0Y

P0r' p/ib*' p)0*/*;t -hor0', t -0r+i;0 /i-*;t.

N- ;o; Thri-i*' )o;g0 -*+ ('t '0-r/o'Ob)o*it*r ;*+ri' 'pt+ /i'-ri+i;0 (o-*+Y

I0+* 0/+ /igiti', X0+ p-ti; p*)'0t b*r;o.

Hi- g;*' 0;ti**+ T*ri, p*)-hrri+0 pro)',

0g;0;i+i hro', ;0ti +)iorib*' 0;;i',

I))*'*, %''0r0-*'*, t TroXZ D0r/0;*' 0*-tor.

%r+0 pro-*), -*rr*'* (ir*+ +ir0t*r i;0;i'.

St0;t trr0 /[Z h0'tZ, p0''i+* 'o)*ti

Pr -0+p*+ p0'-*;t*r *i. d*Z gr0ti0 -*rr**+

%r+or*+* *it (i(i', *Z -*r0 ;it;ti'

P0'-r *o', 0/+ '*it*r t))*r rpo'to'.

Co;'pi-it, -- 0)io', /[tr0 )Z(0* pr hrb0+V'-;ti', )Zt*+* -horo PZ0;0 -0;;ti',

I;tr o/or0t*+ )0*ri ;+*'Y *;/ '*pr;

P)*ri+*' Eri/0;i pr 'i)(0+ (o)(it*r 0+;i'.

^So+ [r-i' thir )i+b' *po; th gr0''y )/, -o;t;/ i; p)0y 0;/


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Eleusinian ysteries.

p. 5

his must not 8e understood as i: the soul in the re9ions o: :elicity retained any

a::ection :or material concerns" or ;as en9a9ed in the tri:lin9 pursuits o: the e


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#or the sources o: the soul+s eistence are also the principles :rom ;hich it :ell= and

these" as ;e may learn :rom the Timuso: !lato" are the Demiur9us" the mundane soul"

and the >unior or mundane 9ods.o;" o:

p.

these" the mundane intellect" ;hich" accordin9 to the ancient theolo9y" is represented 8y

Bacchus" is principally cele8rated 8y the poet" and this 8ecause the soul is particularly

distri8uted into 9eneration" a:ter the manner o: Dionysus or Bacchus" as is e


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But that this instruction ;as accompanied ;ith a unction ;ith some other 9od= at the same time 8ein9 initiated in those

Mysteries" ;hich it is la;:ul to call the most 8lessed o: all ysteries. &nd these di


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Eleusinian ysteries. Etruscan.

p. 1A%

]\Y\V]W`" V[Z `^4[VYT UWb[Z ]UVW UTYYj" X`W V[Z \^YZ V` TUVWX` WV_j jY[V_j

`U`V_j ]j_U]_Z. o;" :rom all this" it may 8e in:erred" that the most su8lime part o:

the ]\Y\VW]W` GepopteiaH or :inal re


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this li9ht is accordin9 to a human :orm" and sometimes it proceeds into a di::erent

shape.? his assertion o: di


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and pleasant ;eather" as like;ise sho;ers o: rain" and heats" and to render the sea and

earth 8arren" and to accomplish

p. 112

e


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elementorum omnium domina" seculorum pro9enies initialis" summa numinum" re9ina

anium" prima cJlitum" Deorum DearumFue :acies uni:ormis@ FuJ cJli luminosa

culmina" maris salu8ria :lamina" in:erorum de plorata silentia nuti8us meis dispenso@

cu>us numen unicum" multi:ormi specie" ritu


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Diana and Endymion. &pollo and Daphne.

p. 11

the sun" 9ooice"

the hours and seasons return 8y thy appointment" and the elements serunction ;ith initiation and the epopteia;ere sym8ols o: the 9radation o: disciplines

p. 12A

reFuisite to the reascent o: the soul. I&nd the :irst part" indeed" o: this proposition

respectin9 the puri:ications" immediately :ollo;s :rom the testimony o: !lato in the

passa9e already adduced" in ;hich he asserts that the ultimate desi9n o: the ysteries

;as to lead us 8ack to the principles :rom ;hich ;e ori9inally :ell. #or i: the ysteries

;ere sym8olical" as is uni


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place 8rou9ht :orth" and a:ter these such as are more arcane. But" in the third place"

collections o:


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p. 125

dou8tless occultly intimated 8y *ir9il" ;hen speakin9 o: the souls o: the 8lessed in

Elysium" he adds"

H0' o+;', *bi +i)) rot0+ (o)(r pr 0;;o',"th0*+ 0/ *(i*+ /*' (o-0t 0g+i; +0g;oY

S-i)i-t i+++or' '*pr0 *t -o;([0 r(i'0;t,

R*r'*' t i;-ipi0;t i; -orpor ()) r(rti.

^%)) th', 0tr thy h0( p0''/ 0


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Ceres lends her ear to riptolemus.

!roserpina and !luto. gupiter an9ry.

p. 12

is implied.? ]^W bYTj V[j ]j`jVW`j WU[]^W`j V[Z |Y^[Z :^\`b[ T3YYb]WV`W

b]j]U3`W" 7 [ X`3YYZ ]UVW V_j T_j. I&nd as the a8duction o: !roserpina ;as

ehi8ited in the dramatic representations o: the ysteries" as is clear :rom &puleius" it

indisputa8ly :ollo;s" that this represented the descent o: the soul" and its union ;ith the

dark tenement o: the 8ody. (ndeed" i: the ascent and descent o: the soul" and its

condition ;hile connected ;ith a material nature" ;ere represented in the dramatic

sho;s o: the ysteries" it is e


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proper on this occasion to rise a little hi9her" and consider the


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initiatory ritesMV]]V ZN=since the intention of all mystic ceremonies is to con3oin us

,ith the ,orld and the gods.?

hus :ar the ecellent Sallust@ :rom ;hence it is e


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culti


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accomplished 8y the soul+s union ;ith this terrestrial 8ody. But in order to understand

per:ectly the secret meanin9 o: the other parts o: this :a8le" it ;ill 8e necessary to 9i


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residence o: !roserpina till she is ra


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#r0*/ Dio;Z0 rig*o' Pro'rpi;0 '0)t*'

fSi- P0r-Z (o)*r ptit.p. 145

&nd this ;ith the 9reatest propriety@ :or o8li


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throu9h the delusi


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N*;- 'o-i0t or' ''* ig;0r0 -oro;0t.

%*g*ri*+ 0t0) tori. d*i; ip'0 t*b0r*+

%r+or*+* pot;', /[tr0+, *0 orti0 t*rb0t

%g+i;0, *0 't0bi)' port0' t +Z;i0 ())it,

J0+ )(ib*' )0[0t 't*/ii' h0't0+* rpo;it,

I;'*ti'* /o-t g0)0+ +it'-r 'rti'.#rr0t*' )0'-i(it 0p[ horror* r-''it

0rti*' t -ri'tZ p0-0to *)g*r (r;0;t.

N- *Z P0rth;i*+ -0;ib*' '-r*t0t*r o/or+,

%'pr;0t0 -horo', )ibrt0t+* -o+0r*+

I;X-t0 t0;t*+ (o)*it r;0r -oro;0.

But there is a circumstance relati


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!luto carryin9 o:: !roserpina.

p. 153

in the mere operations o: nature. !roserpina" there:ore" or the soul" at the


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p. 155p. 15$

!roserpina 8rou9ht 8e:ore !luto in 0ades.

p. 15%

!luto hurries !roserpina into the in:ernal re9ions@ in other ;ords" the soul is sunk into

the pro:ound depth and darkness o: a material nature. & description o: her marria9e net

succeeds" her union ;ith the dark tenement o: the 8ody@

J0+ '**' i;r;o pro-''r0t H'pr*' orbi

D*-it*r i; th0)0+*+ (irgo. St0t pro;*b0 X*[t0

St))0;t' No[ pit0 'i;*', t0;g;'* -*bi)

O+i;0 prpt*o g;it0)i0 /r '0;-it.

i9ht is ;ith 9reat 8eauty and propriety introduced as standin9 8y the nuptial couch"

and con:irmin9 the o8li


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Vi[ 0pt0;/0 ri' +o))' +r*r )0-rti

T*, +0 t* pro)'

%; (0;0 0))i+*r *+br0

Such" indeed" is the ;retched situation o: the soul ;hen pro:oundly mer9ed in a

corporeal nature. She not only 8ecomes capti


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Ceres 8e:ore !luto.

p. 1$3

intellect a8out a mortal nature" and the miseries ;ith ;hich such operations are M;ith

respect to imper:ect souls like oursN attended. or is it ;ithout reason that (acchus" or

Bacchus" is cele8rated 8y )rpheus as the companion o: her search@ :or Bacchus is thee


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:alls into the planet Saturn" ;hich Capella compares to a ri


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6oddess i9ht. hree 6races.

p. 1$

cups sacred to Bacchus" they placed one to;ards the east" and the other to;ards the

;est. &nd the :irst o: these ;as dou8tless" accordin9 to the interpretation o: !roclus"

sacred to the earth" and sym8olical o: the soul proceedin9 :rom an or8icular :i9ure" or

di


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and :latterin9 attendance. #or this purpose she entreated her to pay attention to the

re:reshment o: her 8ody" and placed 8e:ore her a mixed potion to assua9e the


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Cupid and *enus. Satyr and 6oat. Bau8o" Ceres" and ymphs.

p. 1%5

at the indecency as he concei


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entirely remo


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per:ectly restored to her di


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like;ise occultly si9ni:ied" a9reea8le to the nature o: the :a8le" the descendin9 o:

diects"

in


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#oot;ot'

31@Ihe pro:ounder esoteric doctrines o: the ancients ;ere denominated ,isdom" and a:ter;ardphilosophy" and also

thegnosis or kno;led9e. hey related to the human soul" its di


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and that the persons ;ho resided in their


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5@Iheon appears to re9ard the :inal apocalypse or epopteia" like E. !ococke to ;hose


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1A4@!-)C'S@ Theology of Plato" 8ook i


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:ollo;= and a:ter those the o8li9ations MUTUV`U]WZN are taken" and the initiations :ollo;" endin9 ;ith the epoptic

disclosures. So" as ;ill 8e seen" the moral and social MpoliticalN


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riches" sensual pleasure" etc. his is a descent" :all" or apostasy o: the soul"a separation :rom the sources o: di


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1%2@IzTj["gune" ;oman" :rom bYTjYZ"gounos" 'atin cunnus.

1%5@Incandidness ;as more pro8a8ly the :ault o: ;hich Clement ;as 9uilty.

1%5@'i"ine 8egation of Moses" 8ook ii.

1%5@7he ;isest and 8est men in the !a9an ;orld are unanimous in this" that the ysteries ;ere instituted pure" and

proposed the no8lest ends 8y the ;orthiest means.

1%$@IMysteries of the Egyptians+ Chaldeans+ and Assyrians.

1%@I& 9olden serpent" an e99" and the phallus. he epopt lookin9 upon these" ;as rapt ;ith a;e as contemplatin9 in

the sym8ols the deeper mysteries o: all li:e" or 8ein9 o: a 9rosser temper" took a lasci


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p. 1$

!syche &sleep in 0ades.

p. 1%

-i


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they mi9ht 8e properly interred. &nd this 8ein9 per:ormed" Dionysus M;hose heart

durin9 his laceration ;as snatched a;ay 8y !allas and preser


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super


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may easily collect the ultimate desi9n o: the :irst part o: this mystic :a8le= :or it appears

to 8e

p. 1$

no other than to represent the manner in ;hich the :orm o: the mundane intellect isdi


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place" then" ;e are made up :rom fragmentsMsays )lympiodorusN" 8ecause" throu9h

:allin9 into 9eneration" our li:e has proceeded into the most distant and etreme

di


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}UV_U`j \^_VYT^bYj w_[j. ~VW V` 7YW` T3]T]V`W" X`W ]j V \`^`]Wb`VW. ~b`^WYjTUYZ" 7VW VY ]W_Yj ]j]3[X] V_ ]UY\V^_ VYTV]]U\]VY. |`W 7TV_Z ]WZ VY \`j]]^WU3[. ~] {\Y_j UTj`b]W^]W V] `TVYj X`W `j`b]W" X`3`^VWXYZ _j 3]YZ" X`W VYTWYjTUYT U_V[^ _Z `3_Z. |`W W` VYTVY WYjTUYV[Z `jT]WV`W. 0ence" as the sameauthor 8eauti:ully o8ser


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V[j `WUV` W]U\`^]j[j UTj]]W j" Y3]j X W }WV`jWXYj VY TVYj. |`W b`^ VWYjTU\^YV]WjYTUWj `TV" `jVW VYT \`V^WXYT UX[\V^YT. |`W V`TV\^YX`YTjV`W`TVYj ]WZ VYj ]^WXYj. | W ]jVYW" X`W j`^3[XYY^YTUWj Y}WV`j]Z" X`W 7^Y[3]TZ"]j j`^3[X X]\VW VY \T^" ]WV] VY YT^`jWYj _Z ]WZ V[j b]j]UWj X`V`U\_j" ]WV] V[jT[j ]WZ VY U_` \^Y`b_j" ]WV] V[j 3]W`j ]`Wj 7[j `b]jj[VYj YTU`j" ]WZ V[j

b]j]UWj \^YX`YT]jYZ. W` ] VYTVY" X W 7 _X^`V[Z VYTZ \YYTZ X`]Wj`^3[XYY^YTZ ^WX_Z" 5Z w_jV`Z }WV`jWX_Z.

&nd thus much :or the secret meanin9 o: the :a8le" ;hich :ormed a principal part o:

these mystic rites. 'et us no; proceed to consider the si9ni:ication o: the sym8ols"

;hich" accordin9 to Clemens &leandrinus" 8elon9ed to the Bacchic ceremonies= and

;hich are comprehended in the :ollo;in9 )rphic


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distri8ution o: intellect" or Dionysus" into matter= :or the


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to the su8terranean realms. I&nd hence ;e may percei


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Should han9" an ima9e o: the pole di


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li9ht :rom the sun.? z[Z ]j ]YTU` VY UXYVWw]U3`W" WYT ] VY YWX]WYj ]W[]j`W _Z.}`TV[ ]j YTj YWX]W_V`W \^YZ `TV[j WYjYZ. So that the spotted hide si9ni:ies themoon attended ;ith a multitude o: stars@ and hence" in the )rphic !ymn to the Moon"

that deity is cele8rated 7as shinin9 surrounded ;ith 8eauti:ul stars?@ X`YWZ `UV^YWUW

^TYTU`" and is like;ise called `UV^`^[" astrarch" or 7@ueen of the stars.?

(n the net place" the 9olden one is the circle o: the )cean" as the last


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recondite theolo9y= o: a theolo9y the most


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1%@I,hether )rpheus ;as an actual liu9al lo


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214@I#aturnalia" i. 1.

21%@I9ebrisis also a :a;nskin. he ge;ish hi9hpriest ;ore one at the 9reat :esti


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#V#V.

| ]T `WbWYYWY WYZ V]XYZ b]j]V[^YZ[b[Z ]X\^Y3Y^YTU`" X`W X^YV`V[Z \Y U]W^`Z{Û]jY3T] ]^Ù\W ]b U3]j]Z Y^WY\`V[^" I|]XT3W ]jTUY + 2jYj ]T^YjW \YVjW` 3T_

UYW[Z \]VÙÙ` x]YUVT]`Z \T]_j`Z.|`W 3YjW_j `ÙÙ` x]_`` T` bWb`jV_j.X^`W[j ]U`_U`Z TUVW]TVYj `j`XVYZ{W3]^YZ ]j bT`YWUW ]^WwY]jYT \YV] `XYT}WV`j_j 2\Y ]ÛW" \Y^]Z ] ] \`V^W ]^YTU`^` j]YZ YT[UWj `\+ `^4[VYWUW VYX[YZ"X ]][Z \]^W XYUYj `j[[U[ WYjTUUYZ.Z \]]XWZx[^W_j V`j_j \^Yx]Tj` X`^[j``j]^XYTZ }X`V[Z \`3]_j jTU] b]j]3[jX^`VYZ ^`Z U]jYj ]b]ÛW ^YV_j `^]V`_j WYVYj XYU[U`Z YYj \YT]W]UW V]j`WZ"]WYT^bWX[j Y]^[jT`WUW `YTU`

`]Z `^Y\YW` . . . . . .TYYj X^YV`V[Z ]b`[Z U]Y \YVjW` U]W^[Z

p. 225

3Yj` _VW`j]W^` W[U`Z [V]^`Z W_j.TjY` UVT ] _X`Z ]]Wj U]Y X`W ^]j`Z ]U3`Z.|T3W ]T `YZ :bjYj \ÙV^`\VYTU` \^YU_\YTYZ ] YW YWYj Y^Yj :_Y]j` \]^W b`W`j.YZ T`YZ `bjYj `\+ ]TW^]_j U]Y T3_j|`W UYW[j X`W ]^_V` ]jYZ + ]\j]TUYj ]^_VW"}YUU`VWYj" X`W VYWYj" YUYj 3YjW_j `\Y XY\_j{]^j[ \^YZ T\Yj ]Z [3]` \`V^YU ]YWY"

W] VWZ \`XW[]IX`X[ WYVYWY ``w]W.`3W ]WWYYT] U`YÛV] []]Ù[Z Wb]`j WZ \YWj`WUWj ]_^ X`W XT^` b]j]UU`"|]W]jYj ]j `\]YWUWj" 7VW V]YZ ]TY`W ]Wj`W|]XT3W X]XT3W X`W YW ]WWUWj YT`Z 2\Y]Z.

TO MINERA.

D&60E-o: J9is8earin9 go


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heir hands his mem8ers into :ra9ments tore@But e


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8ut 8y a :e;" ;hose ;orks" ;hich mi9ht a::ord us some clearer in:ormation" are

un:ortunately lost.

usical Con:erence.

F?

224@I'e9e Y^WY\`V^[.

224@'e9e x]YU]]W`Z.

224@'e9e `TUW TVYT.

224@'e9e \]]XTZ.

224@'e9e ^[j.

225@I'e9e `\`X[`.

225@'e9e [+ ]+ ]`U[Z.

22%@I(: ( should e


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*enus -isin9 :rom the Sea.

APPENDIX.

S(CE;ritin9 the a8o


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;hich he had o::ered to Ceres" is represented as cuttin9 o:: the testicles o: a 9oat" and

placin9 them on her 8osom" as i: they ;ere his o;n. But a:ter all this" the rites o:

Bacchus succeed= the Cista" and the cakes ;ith many 8osses" like those o: a shield.

'ike;ise the

p. 232

mysteries o: Sa8aius" di


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0ercules" Deianeira and essus.

p. 235

8e mine" and then ( shall 8e no less anious to communicate this arcane in:ormation"than the li8eral reader ;ill 8e to receiunction o: this kind :rom the 9ods to the communion o: ideas ;ith each

other.? &nd in Timus" 8ook i." he o8seroined ;ithother 9ods" or the same 9od ;ith many 9oddesses" may 8e collected :rom the mystic

p. 23%

discourses" and those marria9es ;hich are called in the ysteries #acred Marriages.?


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hus :ar the di


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p. 23

0ercules Drunk.

ORPHIC HYMNS.

( shall utter to ;hom it is la;:ul= 8ut let the doors 8e closed"e


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HYMN OF CLEANTHES.

6reatest o: the 9ods" 6od ;ith many names" 6od e


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F?

23@I6reek" `WYj"'emon"

24A@I-e


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ymphs and Centaurs.

GLOSSARY.

Aporrheta" 6reek `\Y^4[V`he instructions 9i


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lireedomhe rulin9 po;er o: one+s li:e= a po;er oriendshipnion o: sentiment= a communion in doin9 ;ell.

>uryhe peculiar mania" ardor" or enthusiasm ;hich inspired and actuated prophets"

poets" interpreters o: oracles" and others= also a title o: the 9oddesses Demeter and

!ersephone as the chastisers o: the ;icked"also o: the Eumenides.

6eneration" 6reek b]j]UWZ6enerated eistence" the mode o: li:e peculiar to this

;orld" 8ut ;hich is eFui


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!ades& name o: !luto= the nder;orld" the state or re9ion o: departed souls" as

understood 8y classic ;riters= the physical nature" the corporeal eistence" the condition

o: the soul ;hile in the 8odily li:e.

!erald" 6reek X[^The crier at the ysteries.

!ierophanthe interpreter ;ho eplained the purport o: the mystic doctrines and

dramas to the candidates.

!oliness" 6reek 7UWYV[Z&ttention to the honor due to 6od.

Idea& principle in all minds underlyin9 our co9nitions o: the sensi8le ;orld.

Imprudent,ithout :oresi9ht= depri


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Interpreter;continued.

;isdom to 8e un:olded. (t has 8een su99ested 8y the -eecture.


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PartialDi


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Titanshe 8ein9s ;ho made ;ar a9ainst ronos or Saturn. E. !ococke identi:ies

them ;ith the'aityaso: (ndia" ;ho resisted the Brahmans. (n the )rphic le9end" they

are descri8ed as slayin9 the child BacchusOa9reus.

Titanic-elatin9 to the nature o: itans.

Transmigrationhe passa9e o: the soul :rom one condition o: 8ein9 to another. his

has not any necessary re:erence to any reha8ilitation in a corporeal nature" or 8ody o:

:lesh and 8lood. See ( Corinthians" *.


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#ortune and the hree #ates.

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS.

DRAWN FROM THE ANTIUE BY A. L. RAWSON.

& DESC-(!()o: the illustrations to this ects represented" and their ;ork has 8een care:ully

:ollo;ed here.

!&6E.


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1. #-)(S!(ECE. S&C-(#(CE)CE-ES.'enkmBler+ sculptur.he 9oddess stands near a serpent9uarded altar" on ;hich a shea: o: 9rain is a:lame. ,orshipersattend" and gupiter appro


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13. /S(C-(ES.Admiranda+ tau. 1%.

14. E'ES((&CE-E)/.est* 'enk* Alt* =unst" ((." .

15. B&CC0(C#ES(*&'./artoli+ Admiranda" 43.!ro8a8ly a sta9e scene. he characters are the kin9" ;ho ;as an archon o: &thens= a thyrsus8earer" musician" ;ine and :ruit 8earers" dancers" and !luto and !roserpina. & 8oy remolorentine Museum*he muses ;ere the dau9hters o: gupiter and nemosyne= that is" o: the 9od o: the presentinstant" and o: memory. heir o::ice ;as" in part" to 9ilorentine Museum.0uman sacri:ice may 8e indicated in the lo;er 9roup.

22
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22. *ES&D!-)SE-!(&(0&DES.;6alerie des Peintres*he myth relates that *enus 9a


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dau9hter o: 'ycaon" kin9 o: &rcadia" an attendant on Diana. he companions o: that 9oddess;ere pled9ed to celi8acy. gupiter" in the :orm o: a s;an" surprised 'eda" ;ho 8ecame mother o:the Dioscuri Mt;insN.

2. D(&&&DC&'(S)."id* 9aso+ 9eder*he :a8le says that ;hen Diana and her nymphs ;ere 8athin9 the s;ellin9 :orm o: Calistoattracted attention. (t ;as reported to the 9oddess" ;hen she punished the maid 8y chan9in9 herinto the :orm o: a 8ear. She ;ould haealous o: gupiter" and reFuested hetis to re:use the 6reat Bear permission to descendat ni9ht 8eneath the ;aealous o: !oseidon" complied" andthere:ore the dipper does not dip" 8ut re


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ancient 8e:ore the -omans 8e9an to 8uild on the i8er.

3. E-SC&CE-E)/.Millingen* 1A$

3. S&/-" C!(D&D*ES.Montfaucon- #culpture*Some -oman ;riters a::irmed that the Satyr ;as a real animal" 8ut science has dissipated that8elie:" and the monster has 8een classed amon9 the arti:icial attractions o: the theater ;here it8elon9s" and ;here it did a lar9e share o: duty in the ysteries. hey ;ere in


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43. CE-ES&D0EC&-)#-(!)'ES.P* "id* 9aso+ 9eder.riptolemus Mthe ;ord means three plo;in9sN ;as the :ounder o: the Eleusinian ysteries" and;as presented 8y Ceres ;ith her car dra;n 8y ;in9ed dra9ons" in ;hich he distri8uted seed9rain all o


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53. CE-ES(0&DES.Montfaucon* 1$2

54. B&CC0S" #&S" &D,(Eg&-S.Montfaucon* 1$

55. -&6(C&C)-./ourbon Museum* 1$

5$. & 6-)!)#DE((ES.!eck*!an and Dionysus" 0y9eia" 0ermes" Dionysus and #aunus" and Silenus.

1$

5%. (60,(00E-S&--/C&)!/.!eck* 1$

5. 0E0-EE6-&CES.!eck* 1$

5. C!(D&S'EE!(0E&-S)#*ES.6alerie des Peint. 1%4

$A. !-(OED&CEBE,EE&S&/-&D&6)&.Antichi. 1%4

$1. B&B)&DCE-ES&E'ES(S.6alerie des Peint.See pa9e 232.

1%4

p. 25$

!&6E.

$2. !S/C0E&S'EE!(0&DES.;>rom the ruins of the /ath of Titus+ &ome*See pa9e 45.

1$

$3. /!0S)#0E#)--(*E-S(0&DES.;Tomb of the 9asons*7(t ;as easy :or poets and mytho9raphers" ;hen they had once started the idea o: a 9loomyland ;atered ;ith the ri


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$5. D&CE-S" E-SC&S.Millin+ 1pl. 2%. 1

$$. 6-EEC)*(*(&'SCEE.Millin" 1pl*3. 1

$%. #&&DB&CC0&E./our* Mus* 2A$

$. 0/-SSBE&-E-./ourbon Museum* 2A$

$. B&CC0&E&D#&./our* Mus*hese three


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and pa9e 23A.N

%5. g!(E-D(S6(SED&SD(&&" &DC&'(S).;"id* 9aso+ 9eder*

he 9ods ;ere said to haourney= he is a9ed and ;eary= dark clouds o8scure his :ace

and o8struct his ;ay" 8ut still 0ercules lo


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5. B&CC0(CB''.Antichi* )n co

The Elesunian and Bacchic Mysteries

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