The Electromagnetic SpectrumA continuous range of oscillating

electric and magnetic waves.

• The energy in an electromagnetic wave increases as the frequency is increased following E=hf, where h=6.63x10-34 Js (Planck’s constant).

• All components of the electromagnetic spectrum travel at 3.00 x108 m/s in a vacuum.

•As the frequency of an electromagnetic wave increases, the wavelength decreasesAnd visa-versa.

Power Waves

• Electromagnetic waves of frequency 60 Hz resulting from alternating current.

• Frequency: 60 Hz

• Wavelength: 5x106 m

Radio Waves

• Electromagnetic waves that oscillate between .53-890x106 Hz.

• Wavelength: 570-.34 m• AM: .53x106 Hz to 1.7x106 Hz (570m to 186 m)• FM: 88x106 Hz to 108x106 Hz (3.4 m to 2.8m)• TV: 54X106 Hz to 890x106 Hz (5.6 m to .34 m)

Microwaves

• Electromagnetic waves that oscillate from 109 to 1011 Hz that has a corresponding wavelength of 10-1m to 10-3m.

• Used are in radar, communication and food applications.

Infrared Radiation

• 1011 to 1014 Hz (10-3 to 10-7 m)

• The frequency range that heat is emitted.

Visible Light• The range of electromagnetic energy that

stimulates the retina of the eye.• 4.0-7.0x1014 Hz (7x10-7 m to 4x10-7 m or 700 nm

to 400 nm)• ROYGBIV• Red, Orange, Yellow, Green, Blue, Indigo,

Violet.• The frequency of light increases from red to

violet.• The wavelength of light decreases from red to

violet.• Each wavelength is approximately 50 nm long.

Ultraviolet Radiation

• 1014 to 1017 Hz (10-7 to 10-10 m)

• The portion of the electromagnetic spectrum responsible for sunburn

• Ozone absorbs ultraviolet rays.

• Most ultraviolet rays are absorbed by glass.

X-rays

• 1017 to 1019 Hz (10-10 to 10-12 m)

• X-Rays are absorbed by denser materials.

Gamma Rays

• Above 1019 Hz (below 10-12 m)

• Produced in nuclear reactions and certain types of radioactive activity.

See pages 644-649