The Effect of Various Carbohydrate Sources Utilized in a Double Chamber Microbial Fuel Cell Julie...
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The Effect of Various Carbohydrate Sources Utilized in a Double Chamber
Microbial Fuel Cell
Julie Paone
Period 0-1
http://www.engr.psu.edu/ce/enve/logan/bioenergy/mfc_make_cell.htm
• Alternate energy • Efficiency and economically priced• Wastewater has 9.3 more energy in it than what’s being used to treat it. • Microbial Fuel Cellhttp://www.engr.psu.edu/ce/enve/logan/web_presentations/MFC-MECs-Bruce-Logan-1-2-08.pdf
Need
Knowledge BaseAny organic material can create electricity
• Two step process– Removal of electrons from
organic matter (oxidation)
– Giving the electrons to something that will accept them (reduction)(oxygen)
• The electrons flow to cathode and join with protons
• Voltage and current
Logan, 2009
http://www.engr.psu.edu/ce/enve/logan/publications/2009-Logan-NatRevMicrobiol.pdf
Electrogenesis
• Process of converting food into energy
• Respiratory enzymes ATP
• Terminal electron acceptor (TEA)
• Exogenously
http://www.nature.com/nrmicro/journal/v4/n7/fig_tab/nrmicro1442_F2.html
Carbon Sources
• Food Source (substrate)• glucose, fructose, sucrose,
lactose, and starch
http://www.diabetes-support.com/Articles/understanding-diabetic-diet.htm
Glucose
http://www.rsc.org/Publishing/ChemScience/Volume/2008/04/Edible_electricity.asp
•C6H12O6
•used as an energy source in most
organisms, from bacteria to humans
Fructose
• Simple monosaccharide
• Isomer of glucose (C6H12O6)
• Different structure
Sucrose
• Disaccharide (glucose and fructose)
• C12H22O11
• Table sugar
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/56/Sucrose_3Dprojection.png
Lactose
• Disaccharide
(galactose and glucose fragments)
• Sugar in milk
• C12H22O11
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lactose
Starch
• large number of glucose units joined together
• Most important carbohydrate in the human diet
• C6H10O5
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Starch
Construction • Efficiency
• Cost
• Materials
Anode (carbon rod)
Salt Bridge(PVC Pipe)
Cathode (carbon rod)
Solution (E. coli, food source, methlyene blue)Plastic Bottle
(Carolina)
Solution (Potassium Ferricyanide)
Literature Review 1
• Effect of carbon sources as the substrate
• Micrococcus luteus
• 11 carbon sources tested (yeast extract, galactose, glucose, lactose, maltose, mannitol, mannose, sorbitol, fructose, sucrose, and starch)
• Double chamber with PEM
(Choi, et al. 2007)
http://www.engr.psu.edu/ce/enve/logan/journal_publications.htm
Literature Review 2 (Logan, 2005)
Electricity Generation from cystenine in a microbial fuel cell
• Cystenine (substrate)• Double chamber MFC with
PEM• Tested to see if alone it could
act as a food source• Efficiency achieved is
comparable to other substrates
http://www.engr.psu.edu/ce/enve/logan/journal_publications.htm
Literature Review 3
• • In one equation, 1 molecule of glucose provides a maximum of
24 electrons.Bennetto, 1990
http://w
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Literature Review 4
• Rhodopseudomonas palustris DX-1
• Cell voltage and current were used to calculate the power density (P=I/V)
• Increase in anode surface increases the performance
Xing, 2008
http://www.engr.psu.edu/ce/enve/logan/publications/2008-Xing-etal-ES&T.pdf
Purpose
• To determine whether a monosaccharide, disaccharide, or polysaccharide food source significantly affects the amount of voltage produced by E. coli in a Microbial Fuel Cell.
• The null hypothesis states that the type of food source will not significantly affect the voltage produced by bacteria.
• The alternate hypothesis states that the type of food source has a significant affect on the amount of voltage produced.
Hypothesis
Do ability
• Experiment was done last year
• Most materials are familiar
• Background in culturing
• Data collection was previously done
• Materials are accessible
http://ww
w.engr.psu.edu/ce/enve/logan/bioenergy/m
fc_make_cell.htm
Bibliography • Choi, Youngjin, Eunkyoung Jung, Hyunjoo Park, Seunho Jung, Sunghyun Kim, Effect of Initial Carbon Sources on the
Performance of a Microbial Fuel Cell Containing Environmental Microorganism Micrococcus luteus. Bull. Korean Chem. Soc, Vol. 28, No. 9, 2007 Pp. 1591-1594
• Bennetto, H. P., Electricity generation by microorganisms, National Centre for Biotechnology Education. Vol. 1, No.4, 1990 Pp. 163-168
• Liu, Hong, Grot, Stephen, Logan, Bruce E., Electrochemically Assisted Microbial Production of Hydrogen from Acetate, Environmental Science and Technology, Vol. 39, 2005 Pp. 4317-4320
• Logan, Bruce E. Exoelectrogenic bacteria that power microbial fuel cells. Nature Reviews, Microbiology, Vol. 7, May 2009 Pp. 375-381
• Logan, Bruce E., Cassandro Murano, Keith Scott, Neil D. Gray, Ian M. Head, Electricity Generation from Cystenine in a Microbial Fuel Cell, Water Research, 2005 Pp. 942-952
• Logan, B.E., Microbial Fuel Cells, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hobeken, New Jersey, 2008.
• Macdonald, Averil and Berry, Martyn, Science through Hydrogen: Clean Energy for the Future, Heliocentris
energiesysteme, 2004. Pp. 74, 80
• Melis, Anastasios, Green Alga Hydrogen production: progress, challenges and prospects. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy.
• Xing, Defeng, Zuo, Yi, Cheng, Shaoan, Regan, John M., Logan, Bruce E. Electricity Generation by Rhodopseudomonas palustris DX-1, Environmental Science and Technology Vol. 42, No. 11, 2008 Pp. 4146-4145