The Earth as a Terrestrial Planet Mass -- 6 x 10 27 gm (6 x 10 24 kg) Size -- diameter 12,756 km...
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Transcript of The Earth as a Terrestrial Planet Mass -- 6 x 10 27 gm (6 x 10 24 kg) Size -- diameter 12,756 km...
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The Earth as a Terrestrial Planet
Mass -- 6 x 1027 gm (6 x 1024 kg)
Size -- diameter 12,756 km (eq.)
Density – mean 5.5 gm/cm3
Surface -- 71% water
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Interior
Crust
Mantle
Core
Densities – crust < 3 gm/cm3
-- mantle 3.5 gm/cm3 ?
Very dense core ~ 15 gm/cm3 Fe/Ni
Outer core – molten (5000-7000K)
Inner core – solid ~ 7000K
Rotating molten core produces magnetic field
Why ? – differentiation of elements
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Age Dating of Earth
Radioactive decay -- uranium, plutonium, thorium
U238 Pb206
Th232 Pb208 using known half-life
Rocks on Earth -- newly formed to ~ 3.5 - 4 x 109 yrs
Oldest Moon rocks – 4.5 – 4.6 x 109 yrs
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Our Active Earth – Plate Tectonics or Continental Drift
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Consequences– earthquakes, volcanoes, mountain building
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San Andreas Fault
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Caused by convective currents in mantle transfers heat to crust
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The Earth at Night
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The Earth and Moon as a Double Planet
Mmoon/Mearth = 0.012 (1/80th)
Rmoon/Rearth = 0.27 (1/4th)
Largest in Solar System
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Surface Features Craters
Mare
Highlands
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Origin of the Moon
Sister planet – by fission
Co-accretion – at same distance, same material
Capture – not dynamically feasible
Current theory – massive collision – computer modeling
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Lunar rocks and soil samples
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Age Dating Lunar rocks and soil samples
Mare – 3.8 x 109 yrs
Highlands – 4.3 – 4.6 x 109 yrs
What does this imply?