The Early Modern Period of World Literature. The Early Modern Period The 200 years between 1400 C.E....

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The Early Modern Period The Early Modern Period of World Literature of World Literature

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Early Modern Period

Transcript of The Early Modern Period of World Literature. The Early Modern Period The 200 years between 1400 C.E....

Page 1: The Early Modern Period of World Literature. The Early Modern Period The 200 years between 1400 C.E. and 1600 C.E. marks a period of transition between.

The Early Modern Period The Early Modern Period of World Literatureof World Literature

Page 2: The Early Modern Period of World Literature. The Early Modern Period The 200 years between 1400 C.E. and 1600 C.E. marks a period of transition between.

The Early Modern The Early Modern PeriodPeriod

The 200 years between 1400 The 200 years between 1400 C.E.C.E. and 1600 and 1600 C.E. C.E. marks a period of transition between marks a period of transition between antiquity and modernism in many areas of antiquity and modernism in many areas of the worldthe world

This growth is marked by three global This growth is marked by three global movementsmovements– Worldwide exploration and conquestWorldwide exploration and conquest– Rational and scientific inquiryRational and scientific inquiry– Growing literary use of vernacular (common Growing literary use of vernacular (common

speech)speech)

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Early Modern PeriodEarly Modern Period

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Empires and Empires and NationsNations

• Politically, the Politically, the period is marked period is marked by:by:– Expansive imperial Expansive imperial

outreach by several outreach by several major powersmajor powers• SpainSpain• Ming ChinaMing China

– National National consolidation and consolidation and resistance to resistance to outside ruleoutside rule• Germany and Germany and

Scandinavia free from Scandinavia free from Holy Roman EmpireHoly Roman Empire

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Empires and NationsEmpires and Nations• The “Vernacular Revolution,” The “Vernacular Revolution,”

the establishment of national the establishment of national languages and literatures, was languages and literatures, was an important aspect of political an important aspect of political and cultural self-definition.and cultural self-definition.– Local languages achieved new Local languages achieved new

status in many parts of the worldstatus in many parts of the world• Example: KoreanExample: Korean

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Exploration and Exploration and ConquestConquest

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Exploration and Exploration and ConquestConquest

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Exploration Exploration and Conquest and Conquest • Long-distance Long-distance

exploration began in exploration began in earnest in the 1400searnest in the 1400s– Vasco de Gama: India Vasco de Gama: India

1490s1490s– Columbus: America Columbus: America

14921492• Followed by a flood Followed by a flood

of Dutch, British, and of Dutch, British, and French explorationsFrench explorations

– Major Empires Major Empires extended their reachextended their reach• Songhai Empire, Songhai Empire,

Ming Dynasty, Ming Dynasty, Ottoman Empire Ottoman Empire

– Much literature was Much literature was written about these written about these explorationsexplorations• Pantagreul, LusiadsPantagreul, Lusiads

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Scientific Conquest and Scientific Conquest and InquiryInquiry

New technologies encouraged New technologies encouraged exploration and conquestexploration and conquest– Modern armies could easily Modern armies could easily

overwhelm rivals unequipped overwhelm rivals unequipped with guns, canons, and warshipswith guns, canons, and warships

Inca-Spanish confrontation in Cajamarca; there is Emperor Atahuallpa

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Scientific Conquest and Scientific Conquest and InquiryInquiry

All phenomenon became All phenomenon became subjects for probing, skeptical subjects for probing, skeptical inquiryinquiry– Akbar the Great in Mughal India – Akbar the Great in Mughal India –

investigated other religionsinvestigated other religions– Ming China extended its reach Ming China extended its reach

outwardoutward

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The Rise of Print The Rise of Print CultureCulture• The invention of printing was a crucial development The invention of printing was a crucial development

– Enabled texts to be widely circulated and easily Enabled texts to be widely circulated and easily affordableaffordable

– First movable type invented in China by Pi Sheng First movable type invented in China by Pi Sheng around 1000, but impractical due to complex nature around 1000, but impractical due to complex nature of Chinese charactersof Chinese characters

– In Europe, moveable type revolutionized circulation In Europe, moveable type revolutionized circulation of textsof texts• Protestant Reformation: Protestant Reformation:

– (1454) Johann Gutenberg (Germany): The Bible (1454) Johann Gutenberg (Germany): The Bible • Societal Entertainment: Societal Entertainment:

– (1010) The Novel(1010) The Novel• Lady Murasaki’s Tale of Genji Lady Murasaki’s Tale of Genji (Japan)(Japan)• Tale of the Lady Ochikubo Tale of the Lady Ochikubo (Japan)(Japan)• The Story of Burnt Njal The Story of Burnt Njal (Icelend)(Icelend)• The Golden Lotus The Golden Lotus (China)(China)