The discovery of element 113 at RIKEN - University of Adelaide · The discovery of element 113 at...
Transcript of The discovery of element 113 at RIKEN - University of Adelaide · The discovery of element 113 at...
Thediscoveryofelement113atRIKEN�
KoujiMorimotoRIKEN,NishinaCenterforAcceleratorBasedScience;
� 26thInterna+onalNuclearPhysicsConference(INPC2016)
�
Contentsofmytalk�<Namingrightsofelement113Proposednameandsymbolforelement113
<Thehistoryofexperimentsaimingforelement113Theexperimentsstatedin2001andfinishedin2012
Alltheresultsrelatedtothe278113areshowninFmeseries
<FutureplansDevelopmentofnewseparatorGARIS-IIUpgradeplanofLINACaccelerator�
IUPACannounceddiscoveriesofelement113,115,117and118
Prof.KosukeMorita�
Atlast,IUPACannounceddiscoveriesofelement113,115,117and118
Element113TheRIKENcollaboraFonteaminJAPANhavefulfilledthecriteriaforelementZ=113andwillbeinvitedtoproposeapermanentnameandsymbol.
Nihonium“Nh”�Weproposed"nihonium"forthenameand"Nh"forthesymbol.
Therearetwowaystosay"Japan"inJapanese:"Nihon"and"Nippon".Bothliterallymean“theLandofRisingSun”andarewidelyusedofficially.Wehave
thereforedecidedon"nihon",andbyadding"-ium.Thesymbolwillbe"Nh"as
anabbrevia+onfor"nihonium".�
NamingmeeFng�
Photo.togetherwithNishina-sensei�
Thehistoryofexperimentsfor278113�
Thehistoryofexperimentsfor278113�2001:GARIS+RILACbecamereadytostart.MoFvaFonwastoproduceanewelementwhichisconnectedtoknownnuclei.ThenwestartedfromfollowingreproducFonsofGSIDATA.208Pb+58Feà208Hs,208Pb+64Nià271Ds,209Bi+64Nià272RgSucceededwell!2003:Z=113Start(AlmostthesameFme,GSI‘s113exp.started.)209Bi(70Zn,n)2781131steventwasobservedonJul.2004.2ndeventwasobservedonApr.2005.
2009:248Cm(23Na,5n)266Bh(266Bhisgreatgranddaughterof278113)TheresultsreinforcedtheinformaFonofknown(anchor)isotopesof113decaychains.Andalsoestablishedthecross-bombardment.2010(2004):205Tl(70Zn,n)274Rg(274Rgisdaughterof278113)NoeventwasobservedbecauseTltargetcouldn’tstandagainstofintensebeam.2012Aug.:3rdeventof278113wasobserved.Theobserveddecaychainconsistof6alphaandconnectedto254Md.2012Oct.:Z=113Finish2015Dec.IUPACannouncedtheverificaFonofthediscoveriesofelement113.
Our research region
NeutronnumberN
Proton
num
berZ
10410210098
106
108
110
ProducedatRIKEN
Ac+nidetargets
(U,Cm…)
SHEPb,BiFe–Zn
n
nSHE
48Caetc.
“Coldfusion”
“Hotfusion”
Inthis12years,westudiedSHEusingcoldfusionreac+on.�
Cn�
Lv�
Fl�
209Bi+70Znà278113+n�
TheirradiaFonwasstartedinSep.2003.
1steventwasobservedonJul.2004.
(J.Phys.Soc.Jpn.73(2004)2593.)
2ndeventwasobservedonApr.2005.
(J.Phys.Soc.Jpn.76(2007)045001.)�
0 1 2(m)
D1Q1Q2 D2
Heinlet�
DifferenFalpunping�
RotaFngBitargets�
BeamIntensitymonitor�
Primarybeam�
Beamstopper=Ta>�
EvaporaFonResidues�
GARIS(Gas-filledrecoilionseparator)
Hegas�
Experimentalsetupfor278113�
ER� TOF detectors�
Si detector�BOX�
The 113 experiment was performed by using GARIS and Si detector box with ToF�
Masses of Beams & Targets Audi & Wapstra, Nucl. Phys A565, 1 (1993) Masses of Compound Nuclei Myers & Swiatecki, Nucl. Phys. A601, 141 (1996)
Threshold of fission after 1n emission calculated by following mass tables.
5 10 15 20 Ex of C.N. (MeV)
20
10
4
2
1
0.5
0.3 0.2 0.1
σ (p
b)
272Ds
273Rg
278Cn
279113
We studied the systematics of excitation function for the 272Ds and 273Rg. The peak energies exists around a threshold of fission after 1n emission calculated by following mass tables. The beam energy was determined by this systematics.
DeterminaFonofincidentEnergy
278113
274Rg
270Mt
266Bh
CN
11.68MeV(PSD)
344;μs30.49mm
11.15MeV
6.149+5.003(PSD+SSD)
9.260ms
30.40mm
10.03MeV
1.136+8.894(PSD+SSD)
7.163ms
29.79mm
9.08MeV(PSD)
2.469s
30.91mm
36.75MeV
TOF44.61ns
30.33mm
23-July-200418:55(JST)α
α
α
α
262Db
204.05MeV(PSD)
40.9s
30.25mm
278113
274Rg
270Mt
266Bh
CN
11.52MeV(PSD)
4.93;ms
30.16mm
0.88+10.43=11.31MeV
(PSD+SSD)
34.3ms
29.61mm
2.32MeV(escape)
1.63s
29.45mm
9.77MeV(PSD)
1.31s
29.65mm
36.47MeV
TOF45.69ns
30.08mm
2-April-20052:18(JST)
Thefirsttwodecaychain
α
α
α
α
262Db
192.32MeV(PSD)
0.787s
30.47mm
2ndchain
s.f.s.f.
1stchain
P.A.Wilketal.,PRL85,2697(2000)Ref.1249Bk(22Ne,5n)266BhZ.Qinetal.,Nucl.Phys.Rev.23,400(2006)Ref.2243Bk(26Mg,3n)266Bh
Dr.Morita�
TableofIsotopes
T1/234±4sec
S.F.A33%:αA64%
262Db:Alphadecay
wasawaited.But…�
Asshownnow,twodecaychainsof278113wereobservedbyusing209Bi+70Zn.
BothChainconsistoffouralphadecaysandendedbyspontaneousfissionof262Db.
266Bhand262Db,thedaughterproductsof278113,areknownnuclei,reportsexsists.Thereportsandthedaughterproductsof
278113wereconsistent.Thereforeoneceweclaimedthatthe
278113wereclearlydeterminedwithZandA.
;��;���MoFvaFonofthisworkwastoreinforcetheinformaFonofknown(anchor)isotopesof113decaychain.
ThestaFsFcsofthereportof266Bhwerenotenough.1events:(249Bk+22Neà266Bh),LBNL,P.A.Wilketal.,Phys.Rev.Lel.85,(2000);4events:(243Am+26Mgà266Bh),IMP,Z.Qinetal.,Nucl.Phys.Rev.23(2006)(ChinesejournalinEnglish)
However�
248Cm + 23Na à 266Bh + 5n�
K. Morita, K. Morimoto, D. Kaji, et al.: J. Phys. Soc. Jap. 78(2009) 064201�
0 1 2(m)
D1Q1Q2 D2
Heinlet�
DifferenFalpunping�
RotaFngCmtargets�
BeamIntensitymonitor�
Primarybeam�
Beamstopper=Ta>�
EvaporaFonResidues�
GARIS(Gas-filledrecoilionseparator)
Hegas�
ExperimentalsetupfortheCm+NaàBh�
SSDbox
PSD
ions
αα
TheBhexperimentwasperformedbyusingGARISandSidetectorboxwithoutToFdetectors,becauserecoilvelocityistoolowtopassingthroughtheToFdetectors.�
BeamOn/Off,3s/3s�
278113
274Rg
270Mt
266Bh
CN
11.68MeV(PSD)
344;μs30.49mm
11.15MeV
6.149+5.003(PSD+SSD)
9.260ms
30.40mm
10.03MeV
1.136+8.894(PSD+SSD)
7.163ms
29.79mm
9.08MeV(PSD)
2.469s
30.91mm
36.75MeV
TOF44.61ns
30.33mm
23-July-200418:55(JST)α
α
α
α
262Db
204.05MeV(PSD)
40.9s
30.25mm
278113
274Rg
270Mt
266Bh
CN
11.52MeV(PSD)
4.93;ms
30.16mm
0.88+10.43=11.31MeV
(PSD+SSD)
34.3ms
29.61mm
2.32MeV(escape)
1.63s
29.45mm
9.77MeV(PSD)
1.31s
29.65mm
36.47MeV
TOF45.69ns
30.08mm
2-April-20052:18(JST)
209Bi+70Zn→278113+n
α
α
α
α
262Db
192.32MeV(PSD)
0.787s
30.47mm
2ndchain
s.f.s.f.
1stchain
P.A.Wilketal.,PRL85,2697(2000)Ref.1249Bk(22Ne,5n)266BhZ.Qinetal.,Nucl.Phys.Rev.23,400(2006)Ref.2243Bk(26Mg,3n)266Bh
TableofIsotopes
T1/234±4sec
S.P.A33%:αA64%
248Cm+23Na�
Exampleoftheobserveddecaychainsof266Bh�
E=9.12 MeV (PSD+SSD) τ=1.19 s P=46.0 mm
266Bh
262Db
α
258Lr
α
αE=8.74MeV (PSD+SSD) τ=13.7 s P=42.5 mm
E=8.60MeV (PSD) τ=9.4 s P=49.6 mm
18th-FEB-2009 (main.180) Strip=#11 266Bh
262Db
E=9.09 MeV (PSD+SSD) τ=4.23 s P=26.3 mm
E=157.9 MeV (PSD) τ=5.3 s P=26.9 mm
α
SF
16th-FEB-2009 (main.178) Strip=#9
Fissionbranchof262Dbwasclearlyobserved.
11chains� 3chains�
254Md
Thesefiguresshowstheexampleoftheobserveddecaychainsof266
Bh
Leosidechainconsistsof3alphadecays,from266
Bhto254
Md.
RightsidechainwasendedbySFof262
Db.Itissamedecaypalern
asfirsttwo278
113decaychains.
�
14decaychainsfrom266Bhwereobservedintotal.�
Now,the278113decaychainsclearlyconnectedtotheknown266Bhand262Db!�
205Tl + 70Zn à 274Rg + n �
Period1: 2004/11/22A�2004/12/15Period2: 2010/03/12A�2010/03/29
�
274Rgisdaughterof278113.�
InordertomakefurtherconfirmaFon,wetriedtoproduce274Rgby205Tl(70Zn,n)274RgreacFon,twoFmes.�
278113
274Rg
270Mt
266Bh
CN
11.68MeV(PSD)
344;μs30.49mm
11.15MeV
6.149+5.003(PSD+SSD)
9.260ms
30.40mm
10.03MeV
1.136+8.894(PSD+SSD)
7.163ms
29.79mm
9.08MeV(PSD)
2.469s
30.91mm
36.75MeV
TOF44.61ns
30.33mm
23-July-200418:55(JST)α
α
α
α
262Db
204.05MeV(PSD)
40.9s
30.25mm
278113
274Rg
270Mt
266Bh
CN
11.52MeV(PSD)
4.93;ms
30.16mm
0.88+10.43=11.31MeV
(PSD+SSD)
34.3ms
29.61mm
2.32MeV(escape)
1.63s
29.45mm
9.77MeV(PSD)
1.31s
29.65mm
36.47MeV
TOF45.69ns
30.08mm
2-April-20052:18(JST)
α
α
α
α
262Db
192.32MeV(PSD)
0.787s
30.47mm
2ndchain
s.f.s.f.
1stchain
P.A.Wilketal.,PRL85,2697(2000)Ref.1249Bk(22Ne,5n)266BhZ.Qinetal.,Nucl.Phys.Rev.23,400(2006)Ref.2243Bk(26Mg,3n)266Bh
TableofIsotopes
T1/234±4sec
S.P.A33%:αA64%
205Tl+70Zn�
Period1: 2004/11/22A�2004/12/15(30cmΦtarget)
Targetdeteriora+onoccur(thicknessbecameun-uniformimediately)
-->TltargetisweekerthanBi
Period2: 2010/03/12A�2010/03/29(60cmΦtarget)
Weapplied60cmΦwheel,butnot efficiently improved BeamEnergy;;��� 341MeVattargethalfdepthTotalDose7.5x1018TargetThickness 450μg/cm2numberofevents 0CrosssecFon0.23pb(upperlimit)IrradiaFonFme 39DaysBeamIntensity A0.4pμA
Summaryof205Tl(70Zn,n)274Rg
Melting point Tl: 302.5 9 Bi: 271.5 9 Pb: 327.5 9
MelFngpointofTlishigherthanBi,butTltargetwasweakerthanBitarget.ThereasonissFllquesFonmark.
àGaveup!�
Newlydeveloped60cmtarget�
60cm�
In2009wedevelopeda60cmdiameterrota+ng
targetsystemforGARIS-I.Itwassucceededtoworkinthecondi+onof2000rpmandusedintheexperimentofZn+Tl.(Period2:2010)�
Target wheel�
Target Camber�But the Tl target problem was not efficiently improved and we gave up the production of 274Rg. �
Atlastthe3rdeventcame!�
WeconFnuedtheirradiaFonabout450daysfrom2ndevent.
Thenagain,
weconFnuedBi+Znà113experiment.�
Aug. 12, 2012
278113
274Rg
270Mt
266Bh
CN
11.82 MeV 667 µs
10.65 MeV 9.97 ms
10.26 MeV 444 ms
9.39 MeV 5.26 s
262Db
8.63 MeV 126 s
258Lr
8.66 MeV 3.78 s
α1
α2
α3
α4
α5
α6
254Md
Newlyobserved3rdchainof278113�
Thechainwaslong-awaitedlongchain!�
K.Moritaetal.,J.Phys.Soc.Jpn.81(2012)103201
Previoustwoeventswereendedbyspontaneousfissionof262Db.Thiseventwasconsistof6alphadecaysandconnectedto254Md.Thefiohandsixthdecaysarefullyconsistentwiththesequen+aldecaysof
262Dband258LrinbothdecayenergiesanddecayFmes.
TheconnecFontotheknownisotopeisstronglyreinforced.
113�
112� 277Cn�
111� 272Rg�
110� 269Ds�270Ds�271Ds� 273
Ds�
109� 266Mt� 268
Mt�
108� 263Hs� 265
Hs�266Hs�267Hs� 269Hs�270Hs�271Hs�
107� 261Bh�262Bh� 264
Bh� 266Bh�267Bh�
106� 258Sg�259Sg� 261
Sg� 263Sg�
105� 259Db�260Db�
104� 256Rf� 260
Rf� 261Rf� 262
Rf�
103� 255Lr� 257
Lr� 258Lr� 259
Lr� 260Lr� 261
Lr� 262Lr�
102� 256No� 258
No� 260No� 262
No�
101�253Md�254Md� 259Md�260Md�
100� 252Fm� 254
Fm�255Fm� 257Fm�258Fm�259Fm�
99� 251Es� 253
Es� 256Es� 257
Es�
98� 250Cf� 251
Cf� 252Cf� 253
Cf� 254Cf� 255
Cf� 256Cf�
262Db�
264Hs�
265Sg�266Sg�262
Sg�260Sg�
263Db�
263Rf�
261Db�257
Db�258Db�
257Rf�258Rf� 259
Rf�
255Md�256Md�257Md�258Md�
259No�
256Fm�253
Fm�
255No�
256Lr�
257No�254
No�
252Es� 255
Es�254ES�
278113�
274Rg�
270Mt�
266Bh�
262Db�
α�
α�
α�
α�
���
278113�
274Rg�
270Mt�
266Bh�
262Db�
α�
α�
α�
α�
258Lr�
α�
254Md�
α�
254Fm�
α�
250Cf�
1steventJul.232004�2
ndeventApr.22005�3rdeventAug.122012�
Knownnuclei�
209Bi+70Znàn�
���
Observedthreedecaychainsonthenuclearchart�
10µs 1ms 0.1s 10s 1000s
278113τ=2.0ms
274Rgτ=18ms
270Mtτ=0.69s
266Bhτ=3.0s
262Dbτ=56s
T_decay
2ndevent
N=165
N=163
N=161
N=159
N=1571stevent
3rdevent
Eα(MeV)
3decaychainsareconsideredtobeidenFcal.�
DecayFmedistribuFonwithlogarithmicscale.�278
113�
274Rg�
270Mt�
266Bh�
262Db�
DataareconsistentwithidenFcaldecaycurve.ThreedecaychainsareconsideredtobeidenFcal.
Summaryoftheresultsrelatedto278113�
278113
274Rg
270Mt
266Bh
279113
α
262Db
267Bh
268Bh
269Bh270Bh
271Bh
258Lr
onenevapora+on�
fivenevapora+on�
decaysobservedin278113synthesis�
decaysobservedin266Bhsynthesis�
209Bi+
70Zn:�279113*�
248Cm+
23Na:�271Bh*�8.82,9.05-9.23MeV
8.40–8.74MeV(79%)�
S.F.(21%)�
8.57–8.80MeV�
T1/2:24.0+14-7s�
T1/2:4.0+2.2-2.0s�
9.08,9.77,9.39MeV�
SF40.9,SF0.787s,alpha8.63MeV126s�α
α
α
α
α
8.66�MeV3.78s�
254Md
278113�
274Rg�
270Mt�
266Bh�
262Db�
278113�
274Rg�
270Mt�
266Bh�
262Db�
278113�
274Rg�
270Mt�
266Bh�
262Db�
258Lr�
254Md�
α1�
α2�
α3�
α4�
S. F.�
α1�
α2�
α3�
α4�
S. F.�
α1�
α2�
α3�
α4�
α5�
α6�
Apr. 2, 2005 (2nd)�
Aug. 12, 2012 (3rd)�
11.68 MeV 0.344 ms�
11.15 MeV 9.26 ms�
10.03 MeV 7.16 ms�
9.08 MeV 2.47 s�
204 MeV 40.9 s�
11.52 MeV 4.93 ms�
11.31 MeV 34.3 ms�
2.32 MeV (escape) 1.63 s�
9.77 MeV 1.31 s�
192 MeV 0.787 s�
11.82 MeV 0.667 ms�
10.65 MeV 9.97 ms�
10.26 MeV 444 ms�
9.39 MeV 5.26 s�
8.63 MeV 126 s�
8.66 MeV 3.78 s�
Jul. 23, 2004 (1st)�
Thehistoryofexperimentsfor278113�2001:GARIS+RILACbecamereadytostart.MoFvaFonwastoproduceanewelementwhichisconnectedtoknownnuclei.ThenwestartedfromfollowingreproducFonsofGSIDATA.208Pb+58Feà208Hs,208Pb+64Nià271Ds,209Bi+64Nià272RgSucceededwell!2003:Z=113Start(AlmostthesameFme,GSI‘s113exp.started.)209Bi(70Zn,n)2781131steventwasobservedonJul.2004.2ndeventwasobservedonApr.2005.
2009:248Cm(23Na,5n)266Bh(266Bhisgreatgranddaughterof278113)TheresultsreinforcedtheinformaFonofknown(anchor)isotopesof113decaychains.Andalsoestablishedthecross-bombardment.2010(2004):205Tl(70Zn,n)274Rg(274Rgisdaughterof278113)NoeventwasobservedbecauseTltargetcouldn’tstandagainstofintensebeam.2012Aug.:3rdeventof278113wasobserved.Theobserveddecaychainconsistof6alphaandconnectedto254Md.2012Oct.:Z=113Finish2015Dec.IUPACannouncedtheverificaFonofthediscoveriesofelement113.
Beam Time net irrad. t. dose/sum Cross section events Year Period (days) [×1019] (fb) 2003 9/5 - 12/29 57.9 1.24/1.24 75 (upper) 0 2004 7/8 - 8/2 21.9 0.51/1.75 55 1 2005 1/20 - 1/23 3.0 0.07/1.82 52 0 2005 3/20 - 4/22 27.1 0.71/2.53 75 1 2005 5/19 - 5/21 2.0 0.05/2.58 74 0 2005 8/7 - 8/25 16.1 0.45/3.03 63 0 2005 9/7 - 10/20 39.0 1.17/4.20 45 0 2005 11/25 - 12/15 19.5 0.63/4.83 39 0 2006 3/14 - 5/15 54.2 1.37/6.20 31 0 2008 1/9 - 3/31 70.9 2.28/8.48 23 0 2010 9/7 - 10/18 30.9 0.52/9.00 21 0 2011 1/22 - 5/22 89.8 2.01/11.01 17 0 2011 12/2 - 12/19 14.4 0.33/11.34 17 0 2012 1/15 - 2/9 25.0 0.56/11.90 16 0 2012 3/13 - 4/17 33.7 0.79/12.69 15 0 2012 6/12 - 7/2 15.7 0.25/12.94 15 0 2012 7/14 - 10/1 55.0 0.97/13.91 22 1 Total 576 13.91 22 3
70Zn + 209Bi à 278113 Beam Time Table
576/3=192,
1eventper192days!�
Nihonium“Nh”�Weproposed"nihonium"forthenameand"Nh"forthesymbol.
Therearetwowaystosay"Japan"inJapanese:"Nihon"and"Nippon".Bothliterallymean“theLandofRisingSun”andarewidelyusedofficially.Wehave
thereforedecidedon"nihon",andbyadding"-ium",thenameforthenew
elementwithatomicnumber113willbe"nihonium".Thesymbolwillbe"Nh"
asanabbrevia+onfor"nihonium".�
NamingmeeFng�
TogetherwithNishina-sensei�
WhyRIKEN?WhynotDubna?�
DubnaandUSAcollabora+onteam
a@soclaimedthediscoveryofelement113
Rf�
Db�
Sg�
Bh�
Hs�
Mt�
Ds�
Rg�
Cn�
113�
Fl�
115�
Lv�
117�
118�
119�
120�
Neutronnumber�
Protonnumber�
156�157�158�159�160�161�162�163�164�165�166�167�168�169�170�171�172�173�174�175�176�177�
104�
105�
106�
107�
108�
109�
110�
111�
112�
113�
114�
115�
116�
117�
118�
119�
120�
274�
270�
278�
70Zn+
209Bi�
266�
262�
AnchorandcrossbombardmentEstablishedin20093rddecaychain2012�
22Ne+
249Bk,
23Na+
248Cm�
19F+
248Cm�
48Ca+
243Am�
283�
279�
287�
275�
271�
267�
284�
280�
288�
276�
272�
268�
282�
278�
274�
270�
266�
48Ca+
237Np�
48Ca+
243Am�
290�
286�
294�
282�
278�
274�
293�
281�
277�
285�
289�
48Ca+
249Bk�
Crossbombardmentestablishedin2013
Z=113�
Z=115�
Z=117�
Status�
(oddZ)�
Dubna�
RIKEN�
GSI�
Confirmedbyotherlabo.establishedin2013
Confirmedbyotherlabo.establishedin2014
RIKENteamfulfilledthecriteria,justbeforeDubnaandUSAteam
Futureplan�
100 105 110 115 12010
-6
10-5
10-4
10-3
10-2
10-1
100
101
102
103
104
105
Atomicnumber
Crosssec+on[pb]
Coldfusion
HotfusionDubna
40Ar~
70Zn+
208Pb,
209Bi
13C~
26Mg+
248Cm
48Ca+
238U~
249Cf
ColdfusionàHotfusion�FurthernewelementsearchusingcoldfusionishopelessbecauseofitssmallproducFoncross-secFon.�
Z=113(coldfusion)
22{,1event/200day�
msrmradmrad
2012055
≈ΔΩ
±=Δ
±=Δ
φ
θ
msrmradmrad
125867
≈ΔΩ
±=Δ
±=Δ
φ
θ
GARIS� GARIS?II�
Asymmetric(hotfusion)reac+onà
<SmallmomentumofERs
<recoileffectofemiledneutrons
<mul+plescaleringofERswithtargetatoms
àLargeangularacceptancerequired�
DevelopmentofGARIS-II�
GARIS-I (present GARIS) has a high transmission efficiency for symmetric reaction (higher velocity products) like a cold fusion reaction. GARIS-II was designed suitable for the asymmetric reaction like a hot fusion reaction.
Hotfusion� Coldfusion�
NewseparatorGARIS-II�
MBP
MBP
GARIS-II GARISHotlab.
Chemistryroom�
GARIS BGS RITU TASCA (HTM) DGFRS
ComparisonGARIS-IIvs.World’sworkingGFRS
Configura+on DQhQv
QhDhD Q
vDQ
hQv
Totallength[m] 4.0 4.7 5.8 3.5
Solidangle[msr] 8.8 45.0 12.2 13.1 4.3
3.5
DQhQv
DQvQh
DQhQvD
Bend.Angle[deg] 23 25+45 45+10 30 30
Transmission[%] 41* 49-59* 40* 60* 36*
Dispersion[mm/%] 19.37.5 20.0 9.7 9.0 1.0
GARIS-II
QvDQ
hQvD
5.1
18.5
30+7
70
Bρ(max)[Tm] 2.433.10 2.50 2.16 2.40 2.40
4.7
10.0
25
10.0
2.20
?
TASCA (SIM)
U�Pa�
Th�Ac�Ra�Fr�Rn�At�Po�Bi�Pb�Tl�
132� 134�138�
136�
140� 142�144�
146�
150�
120�118� 122� 124� 126� 128� 130�
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Rg�Cn�
164�
166�168�
170�
172�
174�
176�
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148�
156�
154�
158�
160�
162�Rf�
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GARIS-IICommissioningfinished�
48CaCOM#4(2days):DEC-2013
208Pb(
48Ca,2n)
254No
������ 37
40ArCOM#2(2days):NOV-2012
169Tm(
40Ar,4n)
205Fr
208Pb(
40Ar,3n)
245Fm
22NeCOM#3(2days):JUN-2013
197Au(
22Ne,5n)
214Ac
205Tl(
22Ne,5n)
222Pa
208Pb(
22Ne,4n)
226U
209Bi(
22Ne,4n)
227Np
232Th(
22Ne,5n)
249Fm
238U(
22Ne,5n)
255No�
U�Pa�
Th�Ac�Ra�Fr�Rn�At�Po�Bi�Pb�Tl�
132� 134�138�
136�
140� 142�144�
146�
150�
120�118� 122� 124� 126� 128� 130�
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172�
174�
176�
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23NaBT#5(7days):JUN-2014
197Au(
23Na,xn)
214Th[x=6]
197Au(
23Na,axn)
212,213Ra[x=3,4]
208Pb(
23Na,xn)
226,227Np[x=4,5]
206Pb(
23Na,xn)
224,225Np[x=4,5]
238U(
23Na,xn)
255,256Lr[x=5,6]
27AlBT#6(7days):JUL-2014
197Au(
27Al,xn)
220U[x=4]
197Au(
27Al,axn)
217Th[x=3]�
207Pb(
27Al,xn)
230Am[x=4]
209Bi(
27Al,xn)
232Cm[x=4]�
24MgBT#7(7days):SEP-2015
197Au(
24Mg,xn)
218,217Pa[x=3,4]
181Ta(
24Mg,xn)
201At[x=5]�
208Pb(
24Mg,xn)
228Pu[x=4]
238U(
24Mg,xn)
257Rf[x=5]�
48CaBT#8(7days):OCT-2015
208Pb(
48Ca,xn)
254No[x=2]
206Pb(
48Ca,xn)
252No[x=2]
238U(
48Ca,xn)
283Cn[x=3]�
238U(
48Ca,3n)
283Cn
2events/4.5days
(Possiblecandidates)�
������ 38
40Ar,
22Ne,
48CaGARIS-IICOM#2-4
GARIS-IIisready!�
ObserveddecaychainsThereacFon48Ca+238Uà286Cn*studiedusingGARIS-II�
39
C
N�
172MeV(=167+5)
14.4s�
ER
12.2MeV
X=4,Y=12
(DSSD-1)�
23th-OCT-2015,10:07(JST)�
2-foldfission
C
N�
α9.45±0.05MeV
5.4s�
ER
11.8MeV
X=3,Y=8
(DSSD-2)
27th-OCT-2015,01:05(JST)�
2-foldfission179MeV(=137+42)
154ms�
①�
②�
Preliminary
9.45±0.05MeV
6.9+12.6
-2.7s�
0.11+0.53
-0.05s�
J.Phys.G:Nucl.Part.Phys.34,R165(2007)�
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RIKENNishinaCenter�K.Morita*,K.Morimoto,D.Kaji,H.Haba,H.Hasebe,
K.Katori,Y.Kudou,T.Ohnishi,K.Ozeki,A.Yoneda,A.Yoshida,Y.Wakabayashi
TokyoUniversityofScience
T.Sumita,K.Tanaka,J.Chiba�7�
SaitamaUniversity�T.Akiyama,R.Sakai,S.Yamaki,T.Yamaguchi�
7�
TohokuUniversity�T.Suda,H.Kikunaga,T.Shinozuka�
7�
JAEA�H.Koura,S.Mitsuoka,K.Ooe,N.Sato,
A.Toyoshima,K.Tsukada�7�
NiigataUniversity�S.Goto,M.Murakami,M.Murayama,
Y.Kanaya,H.Kudo,�7�
YITPKyotoUniversity�T.Ichikawa,�
7�
UniversityofTsukuba�A.Ozawa,K.Sueki�
7�
YamagataUniversity�Y.Fujimori,K.Mayama,T.Mashiko,S.Namai,
M.Takeyama,F.Tokanai,�7�7�
OsakaUniversity�Y.Kasamatsu,Y.Kitamoto,Y.Komori,T.Kuribayashi,
K.Matsuo,D.Saika,A.Shinohara,T.Takabe,Y.Tashiro,T.Yoshimura,E.Ideguchi�
7�
KanazawaUniversity�T.Nanri,D.Suzuki,I.Yamazaki,A.Yokoyama
KyusyuUniversity�K.Morita*,T.Tanaka,Y.Fujita�
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Collaborators�