Chapter 18.1The Debate over Slavery

Unit 10

The Debate over SlaveryWilmot Proviso vs. Popular Sovereignty

W. Proviso: would have banned slavery completely in new territories.

P. Sovereignty: allows each territory to decide the issue.

Debate shows growing sectionalism of the country.Favor of region over interest of the country as

whole.

WASHINGTON WARNED US!!!!Danger of political parties, founded on

geographical discriminations.

DO YOU REMEMBER???What territories have we recently talked

about, that have entered the Union?

• Missouri •Texas•Mexican Cession•California•Louisiana Territory

SLAVE STATE VS. FREE STATE

CA entered the Union as a free state.The rest of the Mexican Cession divided into

2 territories: Utah & New Mexico.Issue of slavery decided by pop. sovereignty.

TX gave up land claims in New Mexico in return for financial help.

Outlawed slavery in Wash. DC Created Fugitive Slave Act.

The Compromise of 1850

HAVE NO FEAR….. HENRY CLAY IS HERE!!!!

Henry Clay helps create a

compromise!

Fugitive Slave ActMade it a federal

crime to help runaway slaves.

Let officials arrest runaways in areas where slavery was

illegal.

Fugitive Slave ActAgents could arrest suspected

runaways before U.S. commissioners.Commissioners pay: $5 to reject an agent’s claim, $10 to return the suspected

slave to the South.

What effect will this act have on

slavery???

Antislavery LiteratureAbolitionists used stories, like slave

narratives, to gain support.

Uncle Tom’s Cabin, by Harriet Beecher Stowe (1852)Stowe wanted to write a

book to show what slavery was really like.

Book sold 2 million copies w/in 10 years.Stowe had created

“two millions of abolitionists”

18.2 Trouble in Kansas

The Election of 1852Democratic Whigs

FRANKLIN PIERCE • Supported Compromise of

1850 and enforce the Fugitive Slave Act

• South Supported Pierce

WINFIELD SCOTT• Mexican War hero• Did not completely support

the Compromise of 1850

Hypothesize

WHO DO YOU THINK WINS?

Franklin

Pierce

The Kansas-Nebraska Act• Stephen Douglas wanted a railroad from Chicago to

the Pacific.

The Kansas-Nebraska Act•HOWEVER, the Louisiana Purchase had to become

federal territory without slavery. (Missouri Compromise)

The South was not happy with this idea.

The Kansas-Nebraska ActCompromise

•The Kansas-Nebraska Act:

• Divide the rest of the Louisiana Purchase into two territories.• Kansas and Nebraska.

• Popular Sovereignty decided the question of slavery.

The Kansas-Nebraska Act•Antislavery Northerners were outraged.

•Lost in the controversy, Douglas’s railroad never happened.

FAIL!

REVIEW

A contest for Kansas has Began!

What is Popular Sovereignty?

“Bleeding Kansas”Antislavery Northerners VS. Proslavery Southerners

1856- Kansas had two governments and an angry population divided into two

armed camps.

“Bleeding Kansas”May 1856 – Pro-Slavery posse of more than 700 men rode to Lawrence, where they destroyed buildings and printing presses.

“Bleeding Kansas”•Pottawatomie Massacre• John Brown and seven men killed 5 pro-slavery

men in response to the Sack of Lawerence.

Kansas goes into a civil war.200 people killed

“Bleeding Kansas”

Conflict in CongressCharles Sumner’s anti-slavery speech, “The Crime Against Kansas” was given in congress and upset Preston Brooks.

Brooks will beat Sumner unconsciously with a walking stick.