The Danube Strategy and the Romanian Cities, the Danube as ... · The Romania’s Strategic Concept...
Transcript of The Danube Strategy and the Romanian Cities, the Danube as ... · The Romania’s Strategic Concept...
The Danube Strategy and the Romanian Cities, the Danube as catalyzer of regional and urban development in Romania: ongoing strategies, policies and promising projects.
Pietro Elisei – URBASOFIA
Gabriel Pascariu – UNIVERSITY ION MINCU (Faculty of Urbanism)
1)STRATEGIC CONCEPT FOR TERRITORIAL DEVELOPMENT IN ROMANIA
2)URBAN ISSUES SHARED BY MANY ROMANIAN CITIES
3)THE URBAN AND RURAL SYSTEM AROUND THE DANUBE
STRATEGIC CONCEPT FOR TERRITORIAL DEVELOPMENT IN ROMANIA
It is worth considering that the Danube is for more than 1/3 of his length on Romanian territory, this has permitted until now to launch cross border territorial cooperation with neighboring countries (the Danube separate Romania from Bulgaria, Serbia and Ukraine). Moreover, there are 19 cities on the Romanian side of the Danube, of which 3 big ones (Drobeta Tr. Severin, Braila and Galati) and Tulcea, (if we consider the channel connecting to Constanta the number is 22). Each of this city is connected to territories presenting different potentialities for regional development ranging from unique natural heritages (like the Danube Delta, Tulcea), until the industrial and logistics (Galati, Costanta, Drobeta) and the cultural ones (the singular urban fabric and history of Braila).
The Danube Strategy and the Romanian Cities, the Danube as catalyzer of regional and urban development in Romania. PIETRO ELISEI [email protected] GABRIEL PASCARIU [email protected]
National Physical Development Plan
Section IV – Settlements network
Urban network (2001)
The Danube Strategy and the Romanian Cities, the Danube as catalyzer of regional and urban development in Romania. PIETRO ELISEI [email protected] GABRIEL PASCARIU [email protected]
Braila-Galati
urban system
of 0.5 mil.
inhabit.
Constantza,
important
harbour at
the Black Sea
0.3 mil.
inhabit
Most of the Danubian urban settlements
are small and medium sized towns from
10,000 up to 100,000 inhabitants.
The Romania’s Strategic Concept of Territorial
Development 2030 was issued for public
consultation in 2008 by MDLPL (Ministry of
Development, Public Works and Housing)
General objective: European integration of Romania by emphasizing its continental-regional identity, increasing spatial cohesion and sustainable spatial development
Major guidelines
1. Connecting to the European network of development poles and spatial
corridors
2. Structuring of the human settlements network by a balanced
development
3. Emphasizing urban-rural cohesion according to the specific types of
regions
4. Strengthening the Trans-Carpathian physical infrastructures in support
of balanced regional development
5. Protection and valuation of natural and cultural heritage
The Danube Strategy and the Romanian Cities, the Danube as catalyzer of regional and urban development in Romania. PIETRO ELISEI [email protected] GABRIEL PASCARIU [email protected]
The Romania’s Strategic Concept of Territorial Development
2030
9 strategic objectives:
• using the peripheral position by developing the role of continental and inter-
continental connector
• connecting to the European network of poles and development corridors
• balanced and polycentric development of the urban network
• emphasizing the urban – rural solidarity
• rural development
• consolidating and developing the inter-regional connections
• adequate development of the specific territorial categories
• increase of the territorial competitivity
• protecting, developing and value the cultural and natural heritage
The Danube Strategy and the Romanian Cities, the Danube as catalyzer of regional and urban development in Romania. PIETRO ELISEI [email protected] GABRIEL PASCARIU [email protected]
URBAN ISSUES SHARED BY MANY ROMANIAN CITIES
Paradox: A need of an urgent intervention on urban areas, a good number of structure funds available for cities and the absence of capability in linking the opportunity and the need. Axis 1 (ROP) has been refined to facilitate implementation but key concepts like integration and concentration have been sacrificed. PIDUs just hold together lists of projects but not define integration.
INTEGRATED DEVELOPMENT PLANS (PIDU)
The Danube Strategy and the Romanian Cities, the Danube as catalyzer of regional and urban development in Romania. PIETRO ELISEI [email protected] GABRIEL PASCARIU [email protected]
IAUS 2009 Conference, Belgrade 7
and 8 /12/2009, The use of ERDF
(European Regional Development
Fund) through integrated plans in
Romania: real needs of urban renewal
and the distant strategies of
URBAN REGENERATION IN ROMANIA
The Danube Strategy and the Romanian Cities, the Danube as catalyzer of regional and urban development in Romania. PIETRO ELISEI [email protected] GABRIEL PASCARIU [email protected]
1.3 BILLIONS EUROS IN
2007 -2013
TO INVEST IN Urban Regeneration
The Danube Strategy and the Romanian Cities, the Danube as catalyzer of regional and urban development in Romania. PIETRO ELISEI [email protected] GABRIEL PASCARIU [email protected]
AREA BASED URBAN ACTIONS.
THREE MAIN FIELDS OF ACTION:
1) URBAN INFRASTRUCTURE (60% OF
RESOURCES)
2) BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT (15% OF
RESOURCES)
3) SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE (25% OF
RESOURCES)
The Danube Strategy and the Romanian Cities, the Danube as catalyzer of regional and urban development in Romania. PIETRO ELISEI [email protected] GABRIEL PASCARIU [email protected]
AN URGENT NEED FOR INTEGRATION:
1) AMONG DIFFERENT INSTITUTIONAL LEVELS
2) AMONG FORESEEN PROJECTS
3) AMONG DIFFERENT ACTORS AND SUBJECTS OF THE UR INITIATIVE The Danube Strategy and the Romanian Cities, the Danube as catalyzer of regional and urban development in Romania. PIETRO ELISEI [email protected] GABRIEL PASCARIU [email protected]
TO INDIVIDUATE SUSTAINABLE PROJECTS:
1) LOCAL ROOTED (PARTICPATION, GOOD POLICY DESIGN)
2) AT RIGHT SCALE (BE AWARE OF LOCAL CAPABILITIES)
The Danube Strategy and the Romanian Cities, the Danube as catalyzer of regional and urban development in Romania. PIETRO ELISEI [email protected] GABRIEL PASCARIU [email protected]
The Europeanization of regional and urban policy is a double-edged sword.
Most of urban analysts share the vision that there is a mismatch or misfit among
national policies and EU institutions (Boerzel e Risse, 2000,; Cowles, Caporaso,
Heritier, 2001). However, the process of Europeanization of urban and regional
policies
can be summarized as follow:
• Europeanization enriches and transforms the institutions (at all administrative levels)
and makes more complex their governance frameworks
• Europeanization change politics, policies and behaviours of local
(of single member states) institutions
EUROPEANIZATION OF URBAN POLICIES!
The Danube Strategy and the Romanian Cities, the Danube as catalyzer of regional and urban development in Romania. PIETRO ELISEI [email protected] GABRIEL PASCARIU [email protected]
In the 2007-2013 programming period the conceptual
visibility and the incisiveness of EU intervention in urban areas, especially in the
mainstreamed action, seems to be ineffective in terms of outputs, and very weak
in terms of conceptual innovations. The soft EU approach is not so helpful when it
becomes so weak!
The Romanian case is actually demonstrating that Millions and millions of Euros
are not going to promote either urban regeneration neither renewal: they just open
a number of building sites, with all risks connected to the increase of local corruption,
with all disadvantages created to inhabitants without crating relevant benefits,
of course an asphalted street is better than one with potholes, but, above all not
triggering a shared, at level of planning actors and local communities, and strategic
development based on sound, concrete and effective town planning choices and
tools. It is just worth remembering that the majority of projects falling into the
category of social intervention are “surveillance systems”!
WHEN SOFT BECOMES WEAK!
The Danube Strategy and the Romanian Cities, the Danube as catalyzer of regional and urban development in Romania. PIETRO ELISEI [email protected] GABRIEL PASCARIU [email protected]
THE URBAN AND RURAL SYSTEM AROUND THE DANUBE
There have been several attempts in the past and institutions designed to manage
the territories adjacent to the Danube. Different European countries have tried to
have the economic hegemony of this part of Europe: A very interesting one from
the geopolitical point of view, as the gateway to Eastern and Middle Eastern
markets. All such attempts have not had it easy, for different reasons, for instance,
among the most common:
The idea came from outside the Danubian area and expresses the point of view of
a great state that, through various means, wanted to extend its influence in the
entire region;
When conceiving the strategy, none of the parties, effectively interested, were
even consulted;
The designers of the strategy have not respected the majority idea of equality that
must be at the centre of any association of states, which freely decide to get
united under the aegis of certain interests.
The Danube Strategy and the Romanian Cities, the Danube as catalyzer of regional and urban development in Romania. PIETRO ELISEI [email protected] GABRIEL PASCARIU [email protected]
OPPORTUNITY CONNECTED TO THE DANUBE STRATEGY
National
Physical
Development
Plan
Section I –
Communication
networks
Roads
The Danube Strategy and the Romanian Cities, the Danube as catalyzer of regional and urban development in Romania. PIETRO ELISEI [email protected] GABRIEL PASCARIU [email protected]
National Physical Development Plan
Section I – Communication networks
Rails
The Danube Strategy and the Romanian Cities, the Danube as catalyzer of regional and urban development in Romania. PIETRO ELISEI [email protected] GABRIEL PASCARIU [email protected]
High speed rails
Very high speed rails
Corridor no. IV
Corridor no. IX
TEN-T network
National Physical Development Plan
Section I – Communication networks
Navigable routes and harbours
(long term projection)
The Danube Strategy and the Romanian Cities, the Danube as catalyzer of regional and urban development in Romania. PIETRO ELISEI [email protected] GABRIEL PASCARIU [email protected]
National Physical Development Plan
Section III – Protected areas
Natural areas
The Danube Strategy and the Romanian Cities, the Danube as catalyzer of regional and urban development in Romania. PIETRO ELISEI [email protected] GABRIEL PASCARIU [email protected]
LEGEND
Geographic grouping of natural
protected areas
Natural reserves of the
Biosphere and national parks
Natural reserves and
monuments
Areas of a high complexity of
natural resources
Agricultural areas
National Physical Development Plan
Section III – Protected areas
Built up areas
The Danube Strategy and the Romanian Cities, the Danube as catalyzer of regional and urban development in Romania. PIETRO ELISEI [email protected] GABRIEL PASCARIU [email protected]
National Physical Development Plan
Section VI – Tourism
Preliminary version (2002)
The Danube Strategy and the Romanian Cities, the Danube as catalyzer of regional and urban development in Romania. PIETRO ELISEI [email protected] GABRIEL PASCARIU [email protected]
Areas with very high and
complex touristic value
Areas with high touristic value
Defavouread areas
with touristic potential Rural areas
underdeveloped with
a high touristic
potential
Important river –
territory connections
Bucharest metropolitan area and
connections to the Danube
The Danube Strategy and the Romanian Cities, the Danube as catalyzer of regional and urban development in Romania. PIETRO ELISEI [email protected] GABRIEL PASCARIU [email protected]
Projected
communication hub:
airport and harbour in
the Southern part of
the capital
Projected channel Projected fast
road and railway
connections
The urban network around the capital (on a radius of 15, 30, 45, 60 km)
7 towns
3 towns
2 towns
7 towns
1 big city 1 medium size town 17 small size towns Cca. 500.000 inhab. (of which 100 thou inside the first ring)
Ruse - 150.000 inhabit
Bucureşti - 2 mil. inhab.
Neighbouring counties - 2 mil. inhab.
The Danube Strategy and the Romanian Cities, the Danube as catalyzer of regional and urban development in Romania. PIETRO ELISEI [email protected] GABRIEL PASCARIU [email protected]
Giurgiu - 70.000 inhabit
National /regional /sub-regional / systems and cross-border polarizations
Bucureşti
CUGUAT – Tigris, 2007
http://www.mdrl.ro/_documente/atlas/index.htm
Odessa
Istanbul
Beograd
Sofia
The Danube Strategy and the Romanian Cities, the Danube as catalyzer of regional and urban development in Romania. PIETRO ELISEI [email protected] GABRIEL PASCARIU [email protected]
Budapest
Danube
THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION PIETRO ELISEI [email protected] GABRIEL PASCARIU [email protected] The Danube Strategy and the Romanian Cities, the Danube as catalyzer of regional and urban development in Romania: ongoing strategies, policies and promising projects. Wien 15-05-2012 INTA Workshop at CORP