Cuba Rips U. S. AggressionAgainst Dominican Republic

TH E

MILITANTPublished in the Interests of the Working People

Vo l. 25 - No. 43 M onday, N ovem ber 27, 1961 P rice 10c

Gov’t Anti-Communist Drive A Threat to Civil Liberties

N O V. 22 — T he apparent deci­sion o f the Justice D epartm ent to m ove w ith “ de libe ra te speed” in its prosecution o f the C om m unist P a r ty does no t lessen the danger to dem ocra tic r ig h ts in h e re n t in th is f i r s t a ttem p t in the n a tio n ’s h is to ry to o u tla w a p o lit ic a l pa rty .

Report Exposes Police Brutality

W hat every Negro in th is coun­t r y and m ost w h ite w o rke rs kno w was p u t in to o ff ic ia l language in a Nov. 16 re p o rt on po lice b ru ta l­i t y by the U.S. C iv il R ights Com ­mission.

The re p o rt, unan im ous ly sub­m itte d b y the s ix com m issioners, com prises the f i f th and f in a l v o l­um e o f the C om m ission’s 1961 s tu d y on the A d m in is tra tio n o f Justice in the U.S. I t said th a t “ po lice b ru ta li ty by some state and lo ca l o ffice rs presents a serious and co n tin u in g p rob lem in m any pa rts o f the U.S. B oth w h ites and Negroes are the v ic tim s b u t N e­groes are the v ic tim s o f such b ru ­ta l i ty fa r more, p ro po rtiona te ly , th a n any o ther group in A m erican society.”

Exam ples o f po lice beatings and k il l in g s in va rious pa rts o f the c o u n try in recent years w ere cited.

Described as “ classic” exam ­ples were the k il l in g s in Georgia o f B obby H a ll and James B raz ie r. B o th w ere considered “ u p p ity colored persons” and bo th died as a re su lt o f fa ta l beatings in the po lice stations fo llo w in g th e ir a r ­res t on m in o r charges.

G iven as exam ples o f the po lice stand ing by w h ile mobs beat u n ­po pu la r c itizens w ere the assaults on Freedom R iders in A labam a la s t spring .

A D e tro it case re fe rre d to, in ­vo lved a re tire d Negro po licem an w ho w aved a t tw o w h ite cops as he d rove past. T hey d id no t rec ­ognize h im as an ex-cop and took offense. T hey stopped h is car, pu lle d h im out, choked and b la c k ­jacked h im to the g round and handcu ffed his hands beh ind h im . W hen trans fe rre d to a hosp ita l a fte r arrest, he was shackled to the bed a l l n ig h t and refused the r ig h t to c a ll a la w ye r. L a te r he was charged w ith reckless d r iv in g . No

(Continued on Page 2)

[T h e fo llo w in g are excerpts fro m speeches and news accounts o f the proceedings o f the recen tly he ld 22nd Congress o f the Com ­m un is t P a rty o f the S ovie t U n ion (C P S U ). A l l the m a te ria l, except e xp la n a to ry w ords in brackets, is fro m o ff ic ia l S ov ie t sources. One exce rp t is trans la ted fro m the o f­f ic ia l M oscow paper, Izvestia , the o th e r tw o are fro m S oviet News, E ng lish -language p u b lica tio n o f the S ov ie t Embassy in London. W h ile the speeches and a rtic les are in tended to p in re sp o n s ib ility fo r the crim es o f the S ta lin era on the “ a n t i-p a r ty ” group, ra th e r than on the bureaucracy as a w hole, the in fo rm a tio n gives pa rt o f the p ic tu re o f w h a t was hap­pen ing in the S ovie t U n ion d u rin g those years. E d it o r . ]

* * *[F ro m the Oct. 27 Soviet News

I f the Kennedy a d m in is tra tio n succeeds in fo rc in g d isso lu tion o f the C om m unis t P a rty , a precedent w i l l e x is t w h ic h cou ld u ltim a te ly lead to the suppression o f a l l p o lit ­ica l opposition.

The Justice D epa rtm en t had g iven the C om m unis t P a r ty u n t il Nov. 20 to tu rn over its m em ber­ship lis ts, f in a n c ia l records, etc. The dem and was based on a r u l ­ing, approved b y the Suprem e C ourt, th a t the p a rty m ust reg is te r under the In te rn a l S ecu rity A c t as a “ fo re ign agent.” P r io r to the deadline, p a rty spokesmen de­c la red they w o u ld no t jeopard ize mem bers and supporters by tu rn ­in g ove r the in fo rm a tio n . (Recent h igh c o u rt ru lin g s m ake m ere ad­m ission o f p a rty m em bersh ip s u f­f ic ie n t basis fo r im p rison m en t u n ­der the S m ith A c t.)

The Justice D e pa rtm en t had o r ig in a lly declared i t w o u ld prose­cute im m e d ia te ly i f the p a rty d id n ’t m eet the deadline — the la w p rovides fines o f $10,000 a day and s t i f f p rison te rm s fo r non-com pliance. W hen the Nov. 20 date passed, the depa rtm ent said i t w o u ld de lay action u n t il a fte r a second dead line on Nov. 30 when p a r ty o ff ic ia ls are sup­posed to reg is te r in d iv id u a lly . I t said i f th is second dead line w asn’t m et, action w o u ld be taken against the p a r ty as an organ iza tion .

The measured na tu re o f these moves suggests tha t W ash ing ton is concerned w ith la y in g a so lid legal founda tion fo r its moves against the p a rty and, also, fo r th e p rope r p o lit ic a l c lim a te fo r any arrests i t m ay be considering.

Th is persecution o f the Com ­m un is t P a rty m ocks P resident K en ne dy ’s Nov. 18 a ttack on the u ltra -r ig h t is ts w ho pedd le fe a r o f “ com m unism .” W h ile re ite ra tin g the fake c la im o f a “ com m unist danger” fro m abroad, K ennedy r id ic u le d those w ho are “ con­v inced the rea l danger comes fro m w ith in .”

On the same day, h is b ro the r, A tto rn e y G enera l R obert K e n ­nedy, was stressing his de te rm in a ­tio n to prosecute the C om m unist P a rty .

I t is p rec ise ly th is k in d o f fe d ­e ra l w itc h -h u n t in g w h ic h spawned M cC a rth y ism and w h ic h is today p ro v id in g the fu e l fo r the cu rre n t crop o f neo-fascist, a n ti-co m ­m un is t “ crusaders.”

account o f the speech by A le x ­ander Shelepin, cha irm an o f the State S ecu rity C om m ittee .]

The a n t i-p a r ty group, and above a ll M o lo tov, K aganovich , M a le n ­kov and V orosh ilov , he said, w ere against a decisive tu rn tow ards the res to ra tion o f socia lis t le g a lity in the coun try .

“ They rea lized fu l l w e ll,” he continued, “ th a t in ta k in g to the road o f res to ring socia lis t le g a lity they w o u ld be com ing ou t against themselves, w o u ld be h e lp ing to expose th e ir ow n c r im in a l actions before the w ho le people.”

Shelepin said th a t the re were num erous docum ents ir re fu ta b ly p ro v in g th a t the m em bers o f the a n t i-p a r ty group w ere g u ilty o f il le g a l rep risa ls against m any p a r­ty , governm ent and Y oung C om ­m u n is t League o ffic ia ls and m i l i ­ta ry m en and bore personal re -

B y H arry RingNO V. 22 — The Cuban gove rn ­

m en t pe rfo rm ed a m a jo r service fo r the D om in ican people and fo r a l l L a tin A m erica w hen i t de­m anded today th a t the U N Secur­i t y C ounc il b rand the U n ited States governm ent g u ilty o f ag­gression against the D om in ican Republic.

The re tu rn to the u g ly days o f U.S. gunboat d ip lom acy w ith ba t­tlesh ips and M arines s tand ing o ff D om in ican shores is no t insp ired by any desire to he lp the lo ng -op ­pressed D om in ican people. The

N E W Y O R K — T he g ro w in g na ­tio n a l sen tim en t fo r a b o lition o f the House U n -A m e rica n A c tiv it ie s C om m ittee w i l l be expressed a t a r a l ly here Dec. 6. The ra l ly w i l l also focus on the dem and fo r C hris tm as clem ency fo r F ra n k W ilk in s o n and C a rl B raden w ho entered ja i l fo r a yea r last M ay a fte r de fy ing the House w itc h - hun te rs .

A n im press ive lis t o f notables w i l l address th e ra l ly to be he ld a t M anha ttan Center, 34th St. and 8 th Ave. The speakers inc lude p la y w r ig h t G ore V id a l and au tho r R ing L a rd n e r J r. B o th have re ­cen tly w r it te n a rtic les fo r m a jo r- c irc u la tio n magazines b las ting H U A C . L a rd n e r was one o f the “ H o lly w o o d Ten” w ho w ere im ­prisoned fo r cha lleng ing the com ­m ittee d u r in g the open ing stage o f the w itc h hunt.

The r a l ly w i l l also hear M rs. Jean W ilk in s o n and fo lk s inger Pete Seeger, w h o h im s e lf faces p rison fo r re fus ing to kn u ck le u n ­der to the com m ittee.

O th e r speakers w i l l be P ro f. F o w le r H a rp e r o f Y a le L a w School, E rnest Mazey, D e tro it un ion is t, Rev. F red L . S hu ttles - w o rth , A labam a in te g ra tio n f ig h t ­er, James H igg ins, assistant ed ito r o f the Y o rk (P a .) Gazette and D a ily , and D r. O tto N athan , c h a ir­m an o f the N ew Y o rk C ounc il to A bo lish H U A C , w h ic h is sponsor­in g the ra lly .

S ig n ific a n t suppo rt has been won fo r the c lem ency cam paign fo r W ilk in s o n and B raden. W ilk in so n was v ic tim iz e d b y the com m ittee because he had stum ped the coun­t r y u rg in g its ab o lition , w h ile B raden had earned the ha tred o f the rac is ts on the com m ittee by his courageous c iv i l- r ig h ts ac tiv itie s as f ie ld rep resen ta tive o f the Southern Conference E ducationa l Fund.

La s t week a d is tingu ished group o f re lig iou s leaders w e n t to the W h ite House and Justice D e pa rt-

sp o n s ib ility fo r th e ir phys ica l e x ­te rm in a tio n .

He declared th a t S ta lin and his re ta ine rs M o lo to v and K agano­v ich had used the assassination of Sergei K iro v in 1934 as a p re te x t fo r do ing aw ay w ith p ro m in e n t leaders of the Soviet state who were no t acceptable to them . A w ho le num be r o f e x tra - ju d ic ia l bodies had appeared a t th a t pe­riod . I t had been established th a t the proposal fo r th e ir o rgan iza tion was d ra fte d by K aganov ich . The docum ent, in h is h a n d -w rit in g , had been found in the archives.

In N ovem ber 1937, S ta lin , M o lo ­tov and K aganovich had sanc­tioned the t r ia l by a m il ita ry cou rt o f a group o f p ro m in e n t p a rty w orkers , statesmen and m il ita ry leaders and th e ir signatures were on the corresponding docum ent. A m ong those executed w ith o u t

U.S. show o f force is in tended so le ly to save the reg im e o f d ic ­ta to r ia l P resident Joaqu in B a la - guer and to p re ven t a genu ine e x ­pression o f the w i l l o f the people themselves.

A t the same tim e the naked U.S. in te rv e n tio n in in te rn a l D om in ican a ffa irs helps lay the basis fo r s im ­ila r aggression against o th e r L a tin countries — p a r t ic u la r ly Cuba.

The danger o f such a m ove was po in ted up yeste rday by a Chicago D a ily News press service d ispatch fro m G uatem ala w h ich b lu n tly stated: “ A lth o u g h th is re p o rt w i l l p ro b a b ly be denied and de-

Frank W ilkinson

m ent w ith pe titions u rg in g c lem ­ency fo r the tw o men. The p e ti­tions bore 3,000 signatures fro m 48 states and inc luded such p ro m ­in e n t names as those o f Rev. M a r­t in L u th e r K in g , H a rry Golden, T h u rm a n A rn o ld , A rc h ib a ld M ac- Le ish and W a lte r M illis .

E a r lie r a s im ila r appeal was d i­rected to U.S. a u tho ritie s b y 27 B r it is h M em bers o f P a rliam e n t, w r ite rs and c le rgym en. T h e ir ap­peal declared th a t W ilk in so n and B raden, “ lik e m any others w ho have su ffe red persecution, are no t ac ting in th e ir ow n n a rro w in te r ­ests, bu t are s tr iv in g fo r a ll th e ir fe llo w -A m e rica n s , to regain th a t measure o f lib e r ty w h ich was th e irs .”

P rev iou s ly a clem ency pe tition fo r B raden was signed by m ore than 1,800 in te g ra tio n leaders and a second p e tit io n fo r bo th p rison ­ers was signed by another 2,000 persons.

reason and re h a b ilita te d a fte r th e ir deaths w ere such p ro m ine n t p a rty leaders and statesmen as Postyshev, K os io r, Eiche, R ud- zutak, C hubar, K ry le n k o , U nsch- l ic h t and B ubnov.

M o lo tov sanctioned the a rrest o f K abakov, the f i r s t secre tary of the U ra ls reg iona l com m ittee of the CPSU; U khanov, the People’s Com m issar fo r L ig h t In d u s try ; K ru to v , the cha irm an o f the F a r Eastern d is tr ic t execu tive com m it­tee, and m any o the rs .1

I t had been established by do­cum en ta ry evidence th a t K agano­v ich , p r io r to the conclusion o f the cou rt sessions on various cases, had pe rsona lly ed ited the d ra ft sentences and a rb it ra r ily am ended them at h is ow n d iscre­tion .

On M a le n ko v ’s conscience there (Continued on Page 3)

nounced, the re are unm is takab le signs th a t an ti-C a s tro Cubans are again rece iv ing secret m il i ta r y t ra in in g in G uatem ala .”

T he d ispatch said the leader of the m il ita ry group is Gen. José E le u te rio Pedraza, on e -tim e top aide o f Cuba’s e x -d ic ta to r B atis ta , and th a t i t has been re lia b ly estab­lished tha t he has 800 men unde r h is com m and in G uatem ala. I t added th a t E le u te rio m ay also be in charge o f troops be ing tra in ed th rou gh ou t C e n tra l A m erica .

A re p o rt published by The M i l i ­ta n t Oct. 30 to ld o f a fo rm e r B a ­tis ta o ffice h o ld e r now in G uate­m ala, w ho boasted open ly th a t be­tw een 15,000 and 20,000 m en have been tra in ed in C en tra l A m e rica n countries since the A p r i l in vas ion o f Cuba.

A new re p o rt rece ived by The M ilita n t te lls o f increased repres­sions by the Yd igo ras reg im e in G uatem ala. The re p o rt said in pa rt: “ The atm osphere o f fe a r in ­creases. A rres ts continue, w ith the added touch th a t in the past fe w days people don ’t k n o w w h ere the v ic tim s are taken. A sm all w eekly w h ic h is sym pa the tic to Cuba managed to appear fo r a while b u t has now suspended publica­tion . I t is expected th a t more stu­dents w i l l be arrested at any tim e .” The re p o rt adds th a t an ti- Cuba propaganda by the United States In fo rm a tio n Service has been stepped up.

T h is is the se tting fo r the D om ­in ican pow er show b y the U.S. to save the ru le o f B a leguer w h o w o u ld no t re q u ire the th re a t of U.S. in te rv e n tio n i f he had th e suppo rt o f the D om in ican people.

U.S. e ffo rts to shore up the (Continued on Page 2)

Warde, Aptheker Speak in Chicago

C H IC A G O — O ver 400 people attended a m eeting a t the U n iv e r­s ity o f Chicago’s In te rn a tio n a l House Nov. 18 to hear W ill ia m F. W arde and D r. H e rb e rt A p th e ke r g ive th e ir answers to the ques­tion : “ W here Is A m erica G oing?”

W arde is a c o n trib u to r to In te r ­n a tiona l S oc ia lis t R eview , a m ag­azine re fle c tin g the v ie w p o in t of the S ocia lis t W orkers P a rty . D r . A p th e ke r is e d ito r o f P o lit ic a l A f ­fa irs , w h ic h s im ila r ly re flec ts the v iew s o f the C om m unis t P a rty . The appearance o f spokesmen fo r these tw o v ie w p o in ts on the same p la tfo rm its e lf m ade the m eeting, sponsored b y the Y oung S oc ia lis t A llia n ce , a un iq ue event.

Each speaker made a 40 -m in ­ute presen ta tion o f his v iew s. T h is was fo llo w e d by a w id e -ra n g in g question pe riod fro m the audience.

There w ere questions about the 22nd Congress o f the S ov ie t Com ­m un is t P a rty , the S ov ie t resum p­tio n o f nu c le a r testing, the H u n ­ga rian R e vo lu tion and the SW P pos ition on Cuba.

O n a nu m be r o f issues the speakers w ere in agreem ent. Both ca lled fo r the fo rm a tio n o f a labor p a rty ; bo th agreed the U.S. would no t escape the w o r ld revolution o f o u r tim es.

In response to a question about the C om m unis t P a r ty ’s re fu sa l to back the defense o f 18 SW P Smith A c t v ic tim s in 1941, W arde e x ­pressed the hope th a t th is mistake w o u ld n o t be repeated b y others in regard to the c u rre n t persecu­tion o f the CP and ca lled for s o lid a r ity o f a l l defenders o f civil lib e rtie s w ith the CP’s fight against the M cC arran and Smith Acts.

B o th speakers and the audience reg istered th e ir p ro test against the persecution o f the CP un de r the M cC arran A ct. Th is, p lus the h ea lthy , open con fro n ta tio n o f d i f ­ferences by the speakers, made the m ee ting h ig h ly successful.

What Khrushchev & Co. Are Now Saying About Stalinism

New York Rally to Demand ‘Abolish House Committee’

Page Two THE M IL ITA N T Monday, November 27, 1961

We Shall Overcome' — Larry Dolinski —[T h e fo llo w in g are excerpts

fro m a speech b y R icha rd G ris ­w o ld a t a Nov. 18 banquet in New Y o rk ce leb ra ting the fo u rth an­n iv e rs a ry o f the newspaper, Y oung S ocia list. G risw o ld was one o f the Freedom R iders ja ile d fo r cha l­le ng ing segregation in Jackson, M iss iss ipp i, las t sum m er. T o ­g e the r w ith 17 o ther F reedom R id ­ers w ho w ere in Jackson fo r a r­ra ig n m e n t la s t A ugust, he re ­sponded to an appeal by c iv i l - r ig h ts leader R o be rt F. W illia m s to come to M onroe, N o rth C aro­lin a . There, w ith o th e r Freedom R iders and loca l Negroes p ro tes t­in g segregation, G risw o ld was a r­rested a fte r po lice-encouraged r io t in g by several thousand w h ite suprem acists.

In the M onroe ja i l he was b ru ta lly beaten by an inm ate nam ed H o w a rd Stack. I t was sub­sequently revealed th a t the po lice had arranged fo r S tack to do the bea ting b y p ro m is in g to d rop a ll charges pend ing against h im .]

* * *I f u l ly rea lize th is is a celebra­

tio n , a tim e fo r fe s tiv ity , and I w ish , the re fo re , I cou ld respond w ith an a p p ro p ria te ly festive speech. B u t I am go ing to ta lk to you to n ig h t about the f ig h t fo r freedom in the S outh ; and about th is I cannot be fes tive ; I cannot be jo l ly ; I can o n ly be v e ry serious and v e ry intense.

I fee l v e ry honored and ve ry h u m b le to have the p r iv ile g e o f speaking to you on the occasion o f the fo u rth an n ive rsa ry o f the Y oung Socia list. I t is a l l the m ore a p r iv ile g e since I speak as a guest ra th e r than as a m em ber o f y o u r organ iza tion . H o w eve r I do n o t fee l a t a l l an ou ts ide r here. A d m ir in g as I do bo th y o u r p r in ­c ip les and the ded ica tion w ith w h ic h you honor them , I have been happy to lea rn th a t we share m any o f the same be lie fs and ob­jectives.

One o f the p rinc ip le s w h ic h we h o ld in com m on is a f i r m and a b id in g b e lie f in the b ro therhood o f a ll men, regard less o f race, and a de te rm in a tion to secure equal r ig h ts fo r a l l men, a lthough w e m a y d if fe r som ewhat as to m e th ­ods — as fo r instance, the debate ove r the eth ics and fe a s ib ility of n o n -v io le n t resistance versus se lf- defense . . .

Y o u r con tinued he lp and, even m ore, y o u r increased e ffo rts are needed. The s trugg le fo r freedom in M onroe is o n ly beg inn ing . De­fense funds fo r the fra m e -u p v ic ­tim s m ust be raised. Food, c lo th ­ing , m oney m ust be fu rn ish e d the g a lla n t and su ffe r in g people of M onroe, denied bo th jobs and re ­l ie f b y the segregation ist a u th o r­it ie s there . Despite th e ir su ffe rin g , despite grievous losses, despite K la n and po lice te rro r ism , they have no t surrendered.

T hey have reorganized and are

Weekly CalendarNEW YORK

Attention Fair Play tor Cuba Friends. Don't miss the Get-Together Party Sat.. Nov. 25, 8:30 p.m. at 205 East 9th St. (East o f 4th Ave.) Dancing, entertain­ment, refreshments. Informal report on new Cuban developments. C on trib . 99c. Ausp. Fair Play fo r Cuba Com m ittee.

* * *

Scott Nearing, noted socialist author and lecturer, discusses "W hat Is Free­dom" Fri., Dec. I, 8:30 p.m. at 116 Uni­versity Place. C ontrib . $1. Ausp. M ilita n t Labor Forum.

* * *

A tte n d a reception fo r John Lowry, de fendant in Monroe, N.C., racist k id­nap frame-up, and other Freedom Riders. Refreshments, enterta inm ent. Sat., Dec. 2, 8:30 p.m. a t 325 East 17 St. (Between First and Second Ave.) C ontrib . $1. Ausp. Com m ittee to A id M onroe De­fendants.

* * *

CUBA'S CONGRESS O F ARTISTS A N D WRITERS: A report by ElizabethSutherland, who covered the congress for The Nation. Panel discussion byIrving Rosenthal and Howard Schulman, recent visitors to Cuba. Mon., Dec. 4, 8:30 p.m. a t A de lph i Hall, 74 Fifth Ave. C on trib . 75c. Ausp. Fair Play fo r Cuba Com m ittee.

eager to con tinue th e ir f ig h t fo r freedom . T hey are even now ap­pea ling fo r Freedom R iders to re ­tu rn and aid them in the f ig h t so soon a fte r the d ishea rten ing events o f th is past sum m er. We m ust no t fa i l them . . .

The re v o lu tio n in the South is m a rch ing to v ic to ry over the beaten and b leed ing bodies o f these young people. A n d m ake no m is take — i t is a re vo lu tio n . The Negro students in the South are no t go ing to be sa tis fied w ith the r ig h t to s it in the f ro n t seat o f a bus o r to bu y a cup o f coffee in a G reyhound bus te rm in a l.

I have spoken w ith th e ir lead­ers and w ith the ra n k and f ile . I have ta lke d w ith them in th e ir homes and in the ja ils , and I as­sure you, they w i l l be sa tis fied w ith no th in g less than com plete eq ua lity , com plete freedom . They are s tr ik in g o f f the chains o f s lavery and they w i l l no t be con­ten t u n t i l the las t l in k fa lls .

In th e ir hearts they echo the c ry o f D anton to the sovereigns and pre la tes o f Europe; “ You though t we dared no t m ake a re v ­o lu tio n , b u t w e th re w you . the head o f a k in g .” A nd before they are fin ished , p o lit ic a lly , heads th rou gh ou t the South are going to ro ll, in c lu d in g Faubus, B a rn e tt, Patterson and Talm age . . . .

Sense of UrgencyU n w a v e rin g ly , in exo rab ly , re ­

len tless ly these students press on. I f the re is one outstanding im p res­sion I rece ived fro m these young people w h ile I w o rked w ith them , i t was the sense o f urgency and im m ediacy. T hey are saying they have w a ited 300 years fo r fre e ­dom ; they cannot w a it one day longer.

L e t us jo in them on th is m arch to w a rd freedom . Do no t le t them f ig h t alone. O ffe r them y o u r hands, y o u r heads, y o u r hearts . . .

M any tim es in Sou thern ja ils I heard the lines o f th is song:

“ I have a b ro th e r in bondage;O h L o rd , I can’ t stand s t ill . ”As long as w e have a b ro th e r in

bondage, we m ust no t stand s till .T here is ano the r song, a s p ir­

itu a l da tin g fro m the days o f s lavery , w h ich , ha v in g been sung d u rin g dem onstra tions and a t ra l­lies in ja ils a ll ove r the South, has come to be know n as the theme song o f the Freedom R iders and the S it - In m ovem ent. One verse in p a rtic u la r b rings back po ignan t m em ories to me fro m the las t tw o occasions w hen I heard i t sung by m y comrades in M onroe.

Once was w hen we d e fia n tly sang as we m arched fo r ove r a m ile th rou gh the ga un tle t o f the m ob ’s m issiles and kn ives, back to the Negro com m u n ity the a fte r­noon o f A ug ust 26th. The las t tim e was ly in g b leed ing in m y ce ll in the M onroe ja i l , ach ing in eve ry bone and fe a rfu l o f w h a t was s t i l l to come. I heard the w o rds d r i f t ­in g dow n fro m the cells o f the brave g ir l p risoners upsta irs.

“ We are no t a fra id ; w e are no t n o t a fra id .

We are no t a fra id today.Oh, deep in m y heart, I do

believe,We sh a ll overcom e, some day.”F rom th a t m om ent I be lieved,

and s t ill , deep in m y heart, I do be lieve, th a t hand in hand, b lack and w h ite together, w e sha ll ove r­come.

Read the Original ExposéIn 1934, the murder of Sergei

Kirov, a Soviet official, was used to trigger the Moscow frame-up trials. Now, at the 22nd Soviet Communist Congress, Khrushchov told of evi­dence that Kirov had actually been killed by Stalin's secret police.

This charge was made by Leon Trotsky immediately after the killing in a remarkable pamphlet entitled:

THE KIROV ASSASSINATION

Long out of print, the pamphlet is again available. Send 25 cents for a copy.P I O N E E R P U B L I S H E R S

116 U n ivers ity P lace N ew Y ork 3, N . Y.

LeRoi Jones Urges New Efforts to Halt Anti-Cuba Threats

N EW Y O R K — LeR o i Jones, ne w ly -e le c te d p res iden t o f the N ew Y o rk C hapte r o f the F a ir P la y fo r Cuba C om m ittee, has made an u rg en t appeal to a ll m em bers and supporters o f the Com m ittee to jo in w ith the Chap­te r in m o b iliz in g a ll progressive forces to p re ven t a second in v a ­sion o f Cuba.

“ There is every sign o f in te n ­s ifie d U.S. p repara tions fo r a sec­ond invas ion o f Cuba,” Jones said. He w arned th a t m any w ho are concerned th a t c o n flic t in B e r lin o r Laos m ig h t touch o f f W o rld W ar I I I are s t i l l no t fu l ly aw are th a t another invas ion o f Cuba cou ld ju s t as easily p rov ide the spa rk th a t w o u ld set o f f a nuclear w a r. He said the re had been a d istressing fa l l - o f f in concern abou t the Cuban s itua tion , w h ich was due in p a rt to the re la tiv e calm in the Caribbean and to the h igh tened tension in o ther w o rld troublespots. “ The K ennedy A d ­m in is tra tio n hopes to p ro f it fro m th is lack o f awareness here and abroad and to prepare q u ie tly a m urderous second a ttem p t to crush the Cuban R e vo lu tion .”

Jones ca lled fo r a m assive cam ­pa ign to a le rt the U.S. people to the dangers, no t o n ly to the people o f Cuba, b u t to the A m erican peo­ple as w e ll. The chapter needs g reater f in a n c ia l support and m ore vo lu n te e r w o rke rs in o rd e r to do th is . The o ffic e o f the N .Y . Chap­ter, FPCC is located a t 799 B roa d ­way, New Y o rk 3, N .Y.

The 27 -yea r-o ld poet, e d ito r and li te ra ry and m usic c r it ic was e lect­ed p res iden t o f the N .Y. C hapter o f the F a ir P lay fo r Cuba Com ­m ittee a t the chap te r’s annual m em bersh ip m eeting Nov. 9.

A lso elected to the chap te r’s execu tive com m ittee w ere Edgar G raham , secre tary; Steve Seltzer, treasu re r; Dave D e llin g e r and John L e w in e , m em bers-a t-la rge . The m em bersh ip also ra t if ie d the selection o f representatives on the execu tive com m ittee o f s ix chapter subcom m ittees o r branches.

...Dominican(Continued fro m Page 1)

B a laguer reg im e have inc luded b rin g in g back opposition leaders D r. V ira to F ia llo , p res ident o f the N a tio n a l C iv ic U n ion , and D r. M an ue l Taverez, head o f the 14th o f June M ovem ent. The State De­p a rtm e n t fa c ilita te d th e ir re tu rn , ap p a re n tly w ith the unders tand­in g th a t they w o u ld en te r a co a li­t io n governm ent w ith B alaguer.

B u t i t rem a ins to be seen i f F ia llo and Taverez w i l l be able to sw ing s ig n if ic a n t support be­h in d h im . T oday ’s New Y o rk Tim es reports th a t Taverez ad­dressed abou t 1,500 people in fro n t o f the 14th o f June M ove­m en t’s headquarters and th a t a t one p o in t the crow d b roke in to a chant, “ We don ’t w a n t B a la ­gue r!” The dispatch adds: “ There w ere s im ila r ou tburs ts against the P res iden t d u rin g the N a tion a l C iv ic U n ion ra l ly . ”

There is good reason fo r th is sen tim ent. B a laguer was p u t in to o ffic e b y the hated ty ra n n t T ru ­j i l lo and w h ile po pu la r pressure has curbed the w o rs t excesses o f the o ld reg im e, repressions con­tinue . S ix o f the people ar r ested in connection w ith the assassina­t io n o f T r u j i l lo are now o f f ic ia lly reported to have “ escaped” b u t the D om in ican people are con­v inced they w ere k il le d b y B a la - guer’s police. La s t Sunday tw o s tu ­dents w ere c r it ic a lly wounded by cops d u rin g a peacefu l “ F reedom - by -C h ris tm a s ” dem onstra tion .

U.S. guns and do lla rs k e p t the T r u j i l lo fa m ily in pow er fo r m ore tha n a q u a rte r o f a cen tu ry . B u t in the end th e y cou ldn ’t save them fro m the r is in g re v o lu tio n a ry w i l l o f the D om in ican people. The li fe expectancy o f the U .S .-backed B a laguer reg im e is a lo t poorer.

D E T R O IT — U n ion is ts and so­c ia lis ts here lost one o f th e ir staunchest f ig h te rs w hen L a rry D o lin sk i died o f a ru p tu re d blood vessel o f the b ra in Nov. 18.

He was on h is w ay to a m eeting last n igh t, to hear a ta lk by W il­lia m F. W arde a t the F r id a y N ig h t S oc ia lis t F o rum , w hen he sudden­ly collapsed. H e was taken to a hosp ita l b u t never regained con­sciousness. He was 45 years old,

L a r ry D o lin s k i was a m il ita n t un ion m an and re v o lu tio n a ry w o rk e r a l l h is a d u lt life . B o rn in Chicago, he came to D e tro it d u r ­in g the Second W o rld W ar. He w o rked in several auto p lants, was a seaman, and a baker. He be­longed to the U n ited A u to W o rk ­ers, be ing a m em ber o f Loca l 250 a t the tim e o f h is death.

He was w e ll kno w n in the labo r m ovem ent as a tough fig h te r against the bosses and a b itte r opponent o f the un ion bu reau­crats. T here was no in ju s tice th a t he d id no t f ig h t.

He jo in e d the S ocia lis t W orkers P a rty in the 1940’s. Seven years ago he le ft the p a rty w ith a d is­s iden t group, b u t in 1957 he came to fee l th a t th is had been a m is ­take, and reapp lied fo r m em ber­ship. W elcom ed back, he was soon cam paign ing fo r p u b lic o ffice on the S oc ia lis t W orkers ticke t. He

B E R K E L E Y — The dem and o f M a tth e w W ise, secre ta ry o f the S oc ia lis t W orke rs P a rty , on the B oard o f E ducation fo r equa l tim e fo r a series o f s ix lectu res on the menace o f fasc is t and extrem e r ig h t-w in g groups to c iv i l l ib e r ­ties, is e x c it in g considerab le com ­m ent. The press th rou gh ou t th is

...Police Brutality(Continued from Page 1)

action was taken against the cops w ho beat h im .

In a 1959 C leve land case a po licem an shot a Negro w h o had stopped his car in f ro n t o f his home. T he cop c la im ed the m an had reached in to the g love com ­p a rtm e n t as i f to get a gun. W it ­nesses te s tif ie d th a t the m an had bo th hands on the whee l w hen he was shot. T he k i l le r was n o t even prosecuted.

P o in tin g o u t th a t v ic tim s of po lice b ru ta lity , o r th e ir su rv ivo rs , had “ no adequate avenues o f lega l redress, the Com m ission re ­p o r t proposed rem edying the s itu a ­tion . The C om m ission how ever, has no actua l pow er, i t can m ere­ly “ recom m end.” Since n e ith e r o f the ca p ita lis t pa rties are in te re s t­ed in back ing up the C om m is­sion, i t is expected th a t Congress w i l l s im p ly ignore its recom m en­dations.

Rufus Cason, 23 -yea r-o ld Negro, faces b lindness as a re s u lt o f a bea ting adm in is te red by fo u r po licem en in the L a ke C ounty, F lo r id a , ja i l las t Sept. 23. A rres ted because the car in w h ic h he was r id in g a lleged ly had a fa u lty m u ff le r , he was la te r taken ou t o f h is ce ll w ith the exp lana tion , “ W e’re go ing to teach you how to ta lk abou t w h ite people.” The fo u r cops then beat h im w ith b la ck ­jacks.

F o r Basic Facts on A fr ic a

G et a copy of

T H E A F R IC A N R E V O L U T IO N

— In fo rm a tio n B u lle tin

41 m im eographed pages. Maps and Charts

50^

Pioneer Publishers 116 University Place

New York 3, N .Y.

L a rry Dolinski

ra n fo r lie u te n a n t-g o ve rn o r and secre tary o f state, and fo r board o f education and c o n s titu tio n a l conven tion delegate in H ig h la n d P ark .

A m em oria l m eeting was he ld fo r h im a t Debs H a ll on Nov. 21.

L a r ry is su rv ived by h is w ife , Rosem ary, and tw o young c h il­dren.. He w i l l be sore ly missed by m any w o rke rs as w e ll as his com ­rades.

area reported i t w hen the SW P spokesman a m on th ago o r ig in a lly appeared before the Board w ith the request. H is second appearance m ade the f ro n t page o f the B e r­ke ley Gazette in a s to ry headed: “ M a rx is ts W a n t E qua l T im e .”

The issue p ro m p tin g th is de­m and is the B oa rd o f E du ca tio n ’s sponsoring o f s ix lectures e n title d , “ Facts A b o u t C om m unism ” ; the use o f school fa c ilit ie s fo r them ; the p u b lish in g o f 50,000 brochures (w ith o u t a un io n la b e l) ad ve rtis ­in g the series and the g ra n tin g o f c red its to teachers fo r a ttend ing . One o f the m ost no to rious o f the lec tu re rs is D r. Joost S lu is, N o r th ­e rn C a lifo rn ia D ire c to r o f the C h ris tia n A n ti-C o m m u n is t C ru ­sade. H e re ce n tly tou red South A m erica w ith CACC N a tio n a l C ha irm an Schwarz. S lu is spent a good deal o f tim e and funds in an unsuccessful a ttem p t to de feat le f t is t P rim e M in is te r Cheddi J a - gan in the recent e lection in B r it is h G uiana.

The p res iden t and the secre ta ry o f A lam eda C o u n ty ’s C e n tra l L a ­bo r C ounc il have characterized the CACC as “ a ga the ring o f ‘R ig h t- to -W o rk ’ Types” and “ ex trem is ts w ho present a th re a t to the la b o r and lib e ra l m ovem ents.”

Though question ing the B oard o f Educations decision to sponsor such characters as le c tu re rs in an a d u lt education p rogram , W ise de­cla red the “ SW P is n o t opposed to the dem ocra tic r ig h t o f rea c tion ­aries to a p u b lic p la tfo rm .” He added, “ a coun te r series, g ra n tin g us equal tim e, is the o n ly w a y to keep w ith in the A m e rica n t ra d i­t io n o f dem ocra tic p resen ta tion o f ideas.”

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SWP in Berkeley Challenges Anti-Communist "Crusade"

Monday, November 27, 1961 THE M IL ITA N T Page Three

t h e M ILITA N TEditor: JOSEPH H A N S E N

M anaging Editor: G EO RG E L A V A N Business Manager: K A R O L Y N K E R R Y

Published w eekly , except fo r omission of fiv e summer issues, by The M ilita n t Publishing Ass’n., 116 U nivers ity P I., N ew Y ork 3, N .Y . Phone CH 3-2140. Second- class postage paid at N ew Y ork , N .Y . Subscription: $3 a year; Canadian, $3.50; foreign, $4.50. Signed articles by contributors do not necessarily represent The M ilita n t’s views. These are expressed in editorials.

V o l. 25 - No. 43 ^ ^ ^ 5 4 5 M onday, N ovem ber 27, 1961

"Doublespeak11The K en n e d y a d m in is tra tio n has b ro u g h t the O rw e llia n a rt

o f “ doub lespeak” to new he ights.C onsider these exam ples:On N ov. 14, K en n e d y m e t w ith Gen. C hung Hee P a rk , head

o f the S outh K o rean m i l i ta r y governm ent. T hey issued a jo in com m un ique w h ic h asserted “ th e ir d e te rm in a tio n to in te n s ify th e ir com m on e ffo rts to w a rd the es tab lishm ent o f w o r ld peace based on freedom and ju s tic e .”

T he gove rnm en t o f S outh K o rea is a ty ra n n y . I t is c u rre n tly p la n n in g to execute th ree soc ia lis t jo u rn a lis ts fo r the “ c r im e ” o f advoca ting re u n if ic a tio n o f K orea.

M e m o ria l D ay was th e occasion fo r m ore “ doub lespeak.” W h ile K ennedy was o ra tin g a t A r lin g to n , Va., th a t he was ready to p lu n ge the w o r ld in to a new w a r to de fend “ freedom ,” Secre­ta ry o f Defense M cN am ara was be ing in tro d u ce d in A tla n ta to a l i l y w h ite d in n e r audience b y G eorg ia ’s ra b id rac is t, Senator H e r­m an Ta lm adge. M cN am ara was th e re to jo in in tr ib u te s to th a t ben igh ted sta te ’s Senator R icha rd R ussell and Rep. C a rl V inson.

O b v io u s ly e n jo y in g p re s id e n tia l app rova l, M cN am ara in ­sisted on speaking despite heated protests fro m the N A A C P and o th e r c iv i l - r ig h ts groups. F it t in g ly enough, th e cha irm an o f the d in n e r a rrangem ents com m ittee was R obert T ro u tm a n , a m em ­b e r o f K e n n e d y ’s “ C om m ittee on E q u a l E m p lo ym e n t O p p o rtu n i­tie s .”

As M cN am ara dodged p ro te s tin g p icke ts to get in to the m ee t­ing , new sm en asked h is op in io n o f the dem onstra tion . “ I have seen no dem ons tra tion o r heard o f any ,” he f i r m ly rep lied .

“ T u rn y o u r head, M r . S ecre ta ry ,” a re p o rte r said as a group o f p icke ts w e n t by. M cN am ara tu rn e d , b u t q u ic k ly faced fro n t. “ W o u ld you te l l us now w h a t you th in k o f th e dem ons tra tion? ”

“ I s t i l l have seen no d e m o ns tra tion .”In a sense, M cN am ara was r ig h t. H e d id n ’t see anyone on

th e p ic k e t lin e w h o “ coun ts” w ith the a d m in is tra tio n . The ones w h o do w ere a ll inside.

Lumumba's MurderersT he U n ite d N a tions in ve s tig a tio n o f the m u rd e r o f Congolese

P rim e M in is te r P a trice L u m u m b a dismisses B e lg ian puppe t Tshom be’s s to ry th a t L u m u m b a escaped h is guards and was k i lle d Feb. 12 by savage tribesm en. The re p o r t concludes th a t “ the p risone rs w ere k i lle d on J a n u a ry 17, 1961 a fte r th e ir a r r iv a l in a v i l la n o t fa r fro m E liz a b e th v ille and in a ll p ro b a b ility in the presence o f h igh o ff ic ia ls o f the gove rnm en t o f K a tanga P rov ince , nam e ly , M r. Tshom be, M r. M unungo, and M r. K ib w e , and th a t the escape s to ry was staged.”

B u t Tshom be and the B e lg ian o ff ic e r in h is service, w ho th e evidence ind ica tes f ire d the fa ta l shot, and Congo P res ident K asavubu , named by th e in ves tiga to rs as responsib le fo r hand ing L u m u m b a ove r to h is b itte re s t p o lit ic a l enemies, do n o t exhaust th e l is t o f m urde re rs . K asavubu was a crea tu re o f the U N in te r ­ve n tion . He tu rn e d Lum u m b a ove r to Tshom be s h o rtly a fte r re ­ce iv in g $5 m ill io n fro m the U N .

A w r ite r in the a n ti- im p e r ia lis t, a n ti-a p a rth e id paper, Torch, w h ic h s t i l l manages to p u b lish in S outh A fr ic a , re p o rts th a t upon th e news o f H a m m a rs k jo ld ’s death “ people have been saying L u m u m b a ’s m u rd e re r has been m u rd e re d !”

T hough o v e rs im p lif ie d , th is v e rd ic t o f fo lk w isdom goes to th e h e a rt o f the m a tte r. The ac tua l m u rd e re rs and th e ir im ­m ed ia te accom plices w ere b u t agents. The U N in te rv e n tio n is ts conn ived a t and fa c ilita te d th e ir c rim e — in th is they w ere the se rv ito rs o f im p e ria lism , U.S., no less th a n B e lg ia n and B r it is h .

Rehabilitate Kerensky?A N ov. 12 N ew Y o rk Post e d ito r ia l notes th a t N a ta lia T ro ts k y

has dem anded th a t the S ov ie t gove rnm en t posthum ously re h a b ili­ta te h e r la te husband.

The Post says th a t i f the record is to be rev iew ed , i t should n o t stop w ith Leon T ro ts k y . “ W h a t abou t the K ro n s ta d t sa ilors whose C o m m u n is t- le d p ro te s t aga inst B o lsh e v ik po lic ies was crushed b y orders o f T ro tsky? A n d w h y shou ld h is to ric a l v in d ic a ­tio n be l im ite d to B o lsheviks? A m ong the f ir s t v ic tim s o f characte r assassination was A le x a n d e r K e rensky , the m odera te socia lis t leader o f the s h o rt- l iv e d dem ocra tic reg im e o v e rth ro w n by L e n in and T ro ts k y .”

T he Post’s a rgum ents are w ro n g on each po in t. The K ro n s ta d t “ p ro te s t” was in fa c t an arm ed re b e llio n d u r in g a p e riod o f c iv i l w a r w hen the young S ov ie t R epub lic was f ig h t in g fo r its l ife aga inst n a tive and in v a d in g c o u n te r-re v o lu tio n a ry forces.

A s fo r K e rensky , w e fa i l to see in w h a t sense he was a v ic tim o f “ cha rac te r assassination.” H is reg im e fe l l because i t fa ile d to m eet the dem and o f the Russian people fo r an end to w a r and p o ve rty . The ouste r o f h is reg im e represented a th o ro u g h ly dem ocra tic m a jo r ity decision o f th e people.

A cco rd in g to the Post, “ res to ra tio n o f dem ocracy” in S ov ie t socie ty is m ore im p o rta n t t h a n re h a b ilita t io n o f S ta lin ’s v ic tim s . B u t the v e ry p o in t o f th e dem and fo r such re h a b ilita t io n is p re ­c ise ly the re s to ra tio n o f dem ocracy — th e w o rk e rs ’ dem ocracy th a t flo u rish e d in the e a rly S ov ie t days, a dem ocracy y e t to be s u r­passed by a n y th in g ca p ita lism has achieved.

. . . Soviet Revelations About Stalinism(Continued from Rage 1)

also la y the “ Le n ing ra d case” and the arrests o f p a rty and gove rn ­m en t o ff ic ia ls in A rm en ia .

Shelepin said th a t the m em bers o f the a n t i-p a r ty group fo r m any years, up to the tim e w hen the sw orn enemy o f the people, Beria , had been exposed, had savagely settled the fa te o f innocent people.

Shelepin reca lled th a t in June 1957, w hen the fac tio n is ts w ent over to an open a ttack against the cen tra l com m ittee o f the CPSU, B u lga n in had posted his ow n guards in the K re m lin and had

K hrushchev

called ou t ad d itiona l guards w ho d id no t le t anyone pass w ith o u t h is perm ission to the governm ent b u ild in g , w here the p re s id ium o f the cen tra l com m ittee was in ses­sion.

“ The p lo tte rs were prepared to take the most ex trem e measures to achieve th e ir v ile a im s,” She­lep in said.

* * *

[F ro m Oct. 28 Soviet News ac­count o f the speech by Z ino vy S erdyuk .]

S erdyuk to ld the congress th a t the re w ere num erous docum ents exposing the c r im in a l a c tiv itie s of M o lo tov , K aganov ich and M a le n ­kov. He read as an exam ple the fo llo w in g docum ent, a com m unica­tio n fro m Yezhov to S ta lin :

“ To Com rade S ta lin . I am send­in g fo r approva l fo u r lis ts o f pe r­sons sub ject to t r ia l by the m i l i ­ta ry co lleg ium : 1. L is t No. 1 (gen­e ra l) . 2. L is t No. 2 ( fo rm e r m i l i ­ta ry w o rk e rs ). 3. L is t No. 3 ( fo rm ­e r w o rke rs o f the People’s Com ­m issa ria t o f In te rn a l A ffa irs .) 4. L is t No. 4 (w ives o f enemies of the p e o p le ). I am asking fo r sanc­tio n to condem n a ll unde r the f i r s t category. Yezhov.”

The lis ts w ere exam ined and endorsed b y S ta lin and M o lo tov and each bore the w ords: “ A p ­proved. J. S ta lin . V. M o lo tov .”

“ Condemned to death un de r the f i r s t ca tegory” m eant death by shooting.

* * *

[F ro m the speech of Dora L a - zu rk in a , w om an C om m unist, de­scribed as m em ber o f the p a rty since 1902, as reported in Izvestia o f Oct. 31.]

“ I fu l ly suppo rt the proposal o f Com rade S p irido no v and the o ther com rades w ho have spoken con­cern ing the rem o va l o f the body o f S ta lin fro m the L e n in M auso­leum . (S to rm y applause.)

“ In m y you th I b egan m y w o rk unde r the leadership o f V la d im ir I ly ic h Le n in , w ho so loved the p a rty , w h o was lik e a fa th e r to us re vo lu tio n is ts . . .

“ A n d then, comrades, in 1937 I shared the fa te o f m any. I was in lead ing w o rk in the Le n ing ra d O blast C om m ittee o f the p a rty , and, o f course, was also arrested. W hen they arrested me and w hen the doors o f the prison closed be­h ind me (and n o t fo r the f ir s t tim e — I was in prison and ex ile m any tim es in C za ris t tim es) I fe l t such te rro r, no t fo r m yself, b u t fo r the p a rty ; I cou ldn ’t un d e r­stand w h y the y w ere a rres ting old Bolsheviks. F o r w hat? T h a t ‘fo r w h a t’ was w h a t was so to rm e n t­ing, so incom prehensib le . I e x ­p la ined to m yse lf th a t som eth ing

te rr ib le had happened in the p a r­ty , obv ious ly some w re c k in g ac­t iv ity . A n d th is gave me no rest.

“ N o t fo r one m in u te —- n e ith e r w hen I spent tw o and o n e -h a lf years in prison, n o r w hen they sent me to a camp, and a fte rw a rds in ex ile ( I spent 17 years the re ) — no t once d id I accuse S ta lin . I constan tly fo u g h t fo r S ta lin , w ho was cursed b y a ll the prisoners and ex iles . . .

“ The great e v il, b ro ug h t by S ta lin , consists n o t o n ly in the fac t th a t m any o f o u r best people pe r­ished, no t on ly in the fa c t tha t the re was a cap ric ious b ru ta lity , th a t innocent people w ere shot or sent to prison w ith o u t t r ia l . . .

“ I w i l l b r in g to m in d on ly one exam ple th a t characterizes the s i­tua tion . In M ay 1937 the secre­ta ry o f the Le n ing ra d O bkom was Com rade Zhdanov. Zhdanov ga th ­ered us, the lead ing w o rke rs of the O bkom , together and to ld us: in o u r ranks, in the Le n ing ra d organ iza tion , tw o enemies have been discovered — C hudov and K ada tsky . T hey have been a r ­rested in Moscow. We could say no th ing . I t seemed as i f ou r tongues w e re frozen. B u t when the conference was concluded and Zhdanov was go ing ou t o f the h a ll, I said to h im . Com rade Zhdanov, I don ’t kn o w C hudov, he hasn’t been in the Le n ing ra d o r­gan iza tion fo r long. B u t I can vouch fo r K ada tsky . H e has been a m em ber o f the p a r ty since 1913. I have know n h im fo r m any years. He is an honorable m em ber o f the pa rty . He fou gh t against a ll the oppositions. T h is is unbe lievab le ! I t m ust be v e r ifie d ! Zhdanov looked a t m e w ith c ru e l eyes and said, ‘La zu rk in a , d iscon tinue th is conversation. O therw ise i t w i l l go ba d ly fo r you .’ . . .

“ A n d w h a t k in d o f a s itua tion was created in 1937? There

reigned a fea r to w h ich we L e n in ­ists w ere unaccustomed. We s land­ered each other, we d id n ’t tru s t each other, we even slandered ourselves. They prepared deposi­tions fo r the a rrest o f innocent people. They beat us so th a t we w o u ld slander. They gave people these depositions, forced them to sign, prom ised to release them , th reatened: i f you don’t sign w e w i l l to r tu re you! B u t m any d id not w ave r, preserved th e ir B o lsh e v ik s p ir it and never signed an y th in g . (P ro longed applause) . . .”

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TH E S H A R K A N D T H E SA R D IN E, by Juan Jose A revalo. A lready a classic in Latin Am erica,this b rillia n t ind ict­m ent of U.S. im perialism has just been translated into English. $4.95.

TH E IN T E R N A T IO N A L , by A lfred M aund. A notew orthy novel about the contem porary union officialdom . $5.95.

TH E ROAD TO W IG A N P IE R , by George O rw ell. A vailab le fo r the firs t tim e in a U.S. edition this is a master­fu l account of the jobless in an English m ining tow n. Paper, 50c.

TH E W EST IN D IE S A N D T H E IR F U ­TURE, by D an ie l Guerin, noted French M arxist scholar. $3.

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TO TH E M E M O R Y OF TH E OLD M A N . A n eloquent m em orial tribu te to Leon Trotsky a fter his assassination in 1940. 10c.

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Stalin

Page Four THE M IL ITA N T Monday, November 27, 1961

Letters from Our ReadersLetter from Peru

'Dogs Share the Misery'The most h e a rt-w re n ch in g sights

in L im a are the barriadas. O ur fr ie n d s took us by tru c k in to some o f them . H idden fro m the touris ts , they are around the edge o f the c ity . W e took p ic tu res th rough the tru c k w indow s because a camera in those places is as s ta rt lin g and as m uch d is like d as a cop w a lk in g th rough the area.

One o f the barriadas they took us in to was enough to m ake one th ro w up. A ba rriad a is some­th in g lik e the depression-day “ H o o ve rv ille ,” except m uch, m uch worse. T h is p a r tic u la r one was b u i l t on a garbage dum p. The shacks were b u ilt o f pieces o f t in , pieces o f cardboard, pieces of adobe b r ic k — an y th in g the Pe­ru v ia n Ind ians could get th e ir hands on. The “ streets” — a lleys be tw een the shacks — were no­th in g m ore than open sewers, ank le -deep — ro tt in g garbage, bones, ru s ty t in cans, e ve ry th in g kn o w n to the hum an an im a l. W a lk in g was tough going.

Sunset, the M agazine of W estern L iv in g , has a fea tu re in the N o ­vem ber issue on how to b u ild an a ttra c tiv e fa llo u t she lter. In the west, you know , gardens and patios are p lanned fo r p lay ing , ea ting and sleeping outdoors. S un­set m agazine feels th a t appro ­p ria te landscaping, w h ic h w i l l m ake the she lte r an in te g ra l pa rt o f y o u r garden, is m ore im p o rta n t ou t here than in any o the r sec­t io n o f the coun try . F o r exam ple, the a ir f i l t e r and exhaust can be cam ouflaged to look lik e garden ligh ts , masked by shrubbery . T h is is no t o n ly cha rm ing , b u t p ra c­tica l, too. M aybe i t w i l l foo l an ira te ne ighbo r w ho has been gunned ou t o f the she lte r and w ants to cu t o f f y o u r a ir supply.

T h is p ra c tica l approach, taste­fu l ly com bined w ith aesthetic and decora tive touches, is ev ide n t in the f lo o r p lans and fu rn ish in g s of the va rious shelters w h ic h are photographed. M ost o f them can be p u t to im m edia te use as a p lay area fo r the c h ild re n o r a q u ie t

Peace Force — A th ree -day U n iv e rs ity o f C a lifo rn ia sym po­s ium on “ A lcoho l and C iv iliz a ­t io n ” heard tha t, in ad d itio n to o th e r benefits, liq u o r con tribu te d to w a rd ach iev ing w o r ld peace. D r. Chauncey D. Leake, a pharm acy professor, said alcohol, used in m odera tion , “ m ay long rem a in a m a jo r fa c to r in the process o f c iv iliz in g hum an beings eve ry ­w here , co n trib u tin g to th e ir to le r­ance and sym pa thy w ith each o th e r, and thus to lo w e rin g of in d iv id u a l and social tension and to the estab lishm ent o f peace.” The sym posium was la rge ly financed b y an association o f C a lifo rn ia w in e producers.

H elp from Abroad — As a re ­s u lt o f p u b lic ity on the State D e­p a rtm e n t’s s ta llin g past the dead­lin e on g ra n tin g a v isa to B r it is h La b o r M P K o n n i Z illia cu s , a new visa procedure m ay be in s titu te d . Z illia c u s had app lied a m on th in advance fo r a v isa to attend the annua l N a tio n a l G ua rd ia n d in n e r in N ew Y o rk . H is app lica tion was “ s tud ied ” u n t i l i t was too la te fo r h im to attend. N ow , i t is reported , v isa app lica tions w i l l have to be acted upon w ith in 21 days.

For Kicks — The N ov. 17 W a ll S tree t J o u rn a l reported : “ C iv ildefense m en acknow ledge th a t re la t iv e ly few citizens are b u ild ­in g th e ir ow n shelters. ‘I t ’s m ostly a fad among the w e a lth y ,’ one o f­f ic ia l c la im s.”

Civilization — N ew Y o rk C ity C o rrec tion C om m issioner Anna

A t one place we saw people com bing th rou gh an area o f g a r­bage. O u r fr ien ds exp la ined th is had tw o purposes: 1) They w o u ld salvage w h a t they could to sell and to eat. 2) A f te r the garbage heap was leve lled , ano the r “ house” w o u ld be b u ilt on the spot (a b y ­p ro du c t o f the salvage jo b .)

On every garbage heap no t ye t used fo r a shack, lean dogs pawed th rou gh the garbage. As I watched one huge ta w n y -co lo re d dog, he pu lle d ou t a long, w ig g ly ob ject and sw a llow ed i t in one gulp.

We asked ou r frien ds w h y so m any dogs in such a p o v e rty - s tr icken area. T hey answered: “ To share the m ise ry .”

The area as ye t has no e le c tr ic ­ity (the governm ent prom ises to p u t in e le c tr ic ity .) The gove rn ­m ent has prom ised fo r m any years to p u t in w a te r pipes. F in a lly , the people them selves piped w a te r in to the area — one w a te r spout fo r about eve ry fo u r square blocks. No one know s the num be r o f peo-

spot to nap on a h o t sum m er day. One photo shows a “ p lay to w e r” on t h e she lte r roo f equipped w ith a sandbox and slide. T w o ch ild re n f ro lic w h ile m other, in an open ha tchw ay, stores boxes o f canned food.

T rue , unexpected problem s m ay arise. One m an discovered a l i ­q u id pe tro leum gas ta n k close to h is a ir in le t. Even w ith o u t the pe tro leum hazzard, ge tting ade­quate a ir presents d iff ic u lt ie s . W ith a hand c ran k and f iv e to ten m inu tes c ra n k in g an hour, you can get a com plete change, b u t in case the re is a f ire near the in ­take — and I have heard th a t f ire m ay fo llo w the exp los ion o f an H -b om b — you have to close i t up and depend on em ergency oxygen in a 2 -cub ic fo o t cy linde r. T hey don ’t say how long th is w i l l last.

A v a r ie ty o f she lters are shown w ith bunks th a t con ve rt to a sofa, pa in tings, a record p laye r, c h il­d re n ’s toys, lam ps. The lam ps operate on ba tte ries and to p re -

K ross revealed th a t 46 p rison in ­mates — m a in ly a lcoholics and narcotics addicts — died w ith in s ix days o f be ing ja ile d last year. None had been hosp ita lized de­sp ite m edica l records estab lish ing “ th a t each m an had presented sym ptom s o f d e lir iu m trem ens, convu ls ive seizures, a n d /o r e v i­dence o f d e te rio ra tion , such as un de rnou rishm en t o r dehyd ra ­t io n .”

T ip to Readers — One in ve s t­m en t dope sheet advises: “ D on ’t le t IN T E R N A T IO N A L T U R M O IL o r the C O S T-P R IC E SQUEEZE b lin d y o u r eyes to the p ro f it pos­s ib ilit ie s o f the com ing yea r.”

A Rational Voice — “ D on’t b u ild a fa llo u t shelter. G ive you rse lf c re d it fo r ha v in g m ore sense than the os trich w ho th in k s i t is safe w ith its head in the sand. W e w i l l a l l go together, i f we go — and ou r hope o f no t go ing is de­pendent upon m ore in te llig e n t ac­tio n than the construc tion o f a backyard c rem a to riu m .” — Rev. A lf re d B. S ta rra tt, re c to r o f B a lt i­m ore ’s E m anue l C hurch.

C riteria — Asked to g ive his d e fin it io n o f a “ g rea t” p o lit ic ia n , D em ocra tic b ig -w ig James A . F a r­ley rep lied , “ One w ho w ins elec­tions.”

Fact of the Week — “ NEW Y O R K , Nov. 9 (A P ) — There is p le n ty o f good food ava ilab le in the U n ite d States, b u t no t e ve ry ­one gets enough o f i t . ”

p le l iv in g in the area. The gove rn ­m ent is no t in terested in these people — “ the people o f the re v ­o lu tio n ,” ou r fr ie n d s called them .

S eve n ty -five per cent o f the people l iv in g in the barriadas have T B and a ll those w ho don ’t have shoes (a few do) get a foo t disease fro m some k in d o f w o rm th a t eats in to the flesh o f the foo t as i t pads along on the garbage. One o f ou r friends, whose you th was spent in a ba rriada to ld us th a t h is fee t s t i l l c a rry the scars fro m the disease caused by the worm s.

W e saw several barriadas. B u t the one I have described in p a rt is the w orst, the u ltim a te , in a l l m y experience w ith pove rty . F am ilies o f fo u r, five , s ix , l iv in g in one room , sharing th a t room w ith three o r fo u r hogs w h ich they are n u tu r in g fo r sale in the m arke t.

A n d in a l l th is, we saw in f ro n t o f one o f the shacks, a garden o f red geranium s.

Reba Aubrey

serve batte ries, you pu t them in a p las tic bag and freeze them . I hesitate to ask w h e th e r tem pe r­atures in the she lte r w i l l d rop be low freezing.

F o r recrea tion , one she lte r fea­tures a da rt board to prepare you fo r l i fe w hen you get ou t o f the she lte r and am m u n itio n runs short.

The de lica te m a tte r o f san ita ­t io n is discussed b r ie f ly . You w i l l need a ten ga llon can w ith a t ig h t lid .

A f te r a com parison o f the m e­r its o f p re-fa b and “ h a n d -c ra ft­ed” shelters, the a rtic le concludes — “ i f you have any doubts . . . check w ith y o u r C iv i l Defense o ffice o r the B e tte r Business B u ­reau.”

One th in g I don’t understand is w h y the people b u ild in g these shelters ob ject to be ing taxed fo r the increased p ro p e rty va lua tion . T h is is unreasonable — w h a t do they th in k the shelters are fo r — su rv iva l?

Jo yce Cowley

Who Screens the Screeners? —“ W A S H IN G T O N , Nov. 20 (A P ) — M au rice H . K le in , personal d i­re c to r o f the top-secre t N a tiona l S ecu rity Agency, has been fire d on grounds he fa ls ifie d pa rts o f his ow n governm ent em p loym ent ap­p lic a tio n .”

Perfect Choice — Chicago F ire Com m issioner R obert J. Q u inn, who is also the loca l c iv i l- d e fense d irec to r, has proposed a 350-foo t- deep lim estone qu a rry , ju s t three m iles fro m the business d is tr ic t, as the site fo r an a ir ra id she lte r in a nuclear a ttack. Am ong the advantages he m ig h t have c ited is the ready a v a ila b ility o f the lim e ­stone fo r tombstones.

W ar Budget — In 1955, the m ost recent yea r fo r w h ich figu res are ava ilab le , the c iv ilia n popu la tion o f the U n ited States spent $6,000,- 000 in the w a r against , cock­roaches.

Like Sex Appeal — Such words as “ f u l l q u a rt,” “ m am m oth” and “ ju m b o ” on packages are no t in ­tended to deceive o r confuse, a food packag ing e xp e rt exp la ined to a Senate subcom m ittee. T h e y ’re s im p ly in tended to enhance the “ psycholog ica l appeal” o f the package and its contents. “ O u r en­t ire social s truc tu re ,” exp la ined Lou is Cheskin , “ depends on the mass p roduc tion o f psycho log ica lly sa tis fy in g products as m uch as the in d iv id u a l depends on these p ro d ­ucts in fu l f i l l in g his em otiona l needs.”

From a Freedom RiderE xce ls io r, M in n .

Since I do no t get The M il ita n t I o n ly recen tly read the Sept. 25 issue. [The issue fea tu red a le tte r fro m R obert F. W illia m s , then in h id in g , de c la ring h is innocence of the “ k id n a p ” charge made against h im b y M onroe ’s rac is t au tho rities . E d i t o r . ]

E v e ry th in g about R obert W il­liam s was accurate and w e F ree­dom R iders w i l l te s tify to his w o rth . R obert W illia m s was g u ilty lik e C h ris t was g u ilty . He is a tru e h u m a n ita ria n and he’s p a y ­in g fo r it.

I saw the h a te fu l eyes o f the m u ltitu d e and the do u b tin g o f the so-ca lled lib e ra l in te lle c tu a ls ( in ­c lu d in g the m an w ho owns the tow n o f M onroe w h o was supposed to be W illia m s ’ old fr ie n d .) The b itte r iro n y o f h is s itua tion , w h ile i t is h is to r ic a lly common, is neve r­theless awesome.

B u t the R obe rt W illia m s story is m ore than the s to ry o f the persecuted hu m a n ita ria n . I t po in ts ou t the tra g ic e lem ent in A m e r­ica — p a ra ly tic conservatism and its cap tu rin g o f the press. T h is is w h y I ’m w r it in g to you. I ’l l p u t in a good w o rd fo r The M il ita n t w h e re ve r I go.

Robert Baum

Monroe CoverageSan Francisco, C a lif.

T han k you fo r the exce llen t coverage o f the s itu a tio n in M on ­roe and R obert W illia m s .

N.W .

A Castro of the Andes?N ew Y o rk , N . Y.

In the Oct. 23 issue o f The M i l i ­ta n t you re p rin te d an a rtic le on K en ne dy ’s A llia n c e fo r Progress fro m G aitan, the independent ra d ­ica l w eek ly , pub lished in C o lom ­bia. Y o u r readers m ay be in te r ­ested to kn o w th a t G aitan has re ­po rted the appearance o f g u e rilla bands a la Castro in Colom bia.

The Oct. 15th issue o f G aitan p r in te d a p ic tu re o f one group o f abou t 70 m en w ho are active in the area near the C o lom b ian-V ene- zuelan border. A t the beg inn ing o f th is m on th s ix m em bers o f th is group were reported k il le d in a s k irm is h w ith the Co lom bian a rm y. The s ix inc luded tw o s tu ­dents, tw o peasants, one w o rke r, and a 19 -yea r-o ld co-ed. G aitan also announced th a t a second bu t sm a lle r g roup was active in the w estern end o f the coun try .

The leader o f the la rg e r group, T u lio B ayer, is a m edica l doctor w ho graduated fro m the U n iv e r ­s ity o f A n tio q u ia in C o lom bia and received ano the r degree fro m H a rv a rd U n iv e rs ity in the la te f if t ie s . B aye r was rem oved fro m a jo b he he ld in the P u b lic H ea lth Dept, fo r ha v in g ordered the a r­rest o f a w e a lth y C o lom b ian and loca l ju s tice o f the peace, w ho he p roved was se lling adu lte ra ted m ilk . He also practiced m edicine am ong the w o rk in g people in the section o f C o lom bia in w h ic h he is lead ing a g u e r illa band.

T u lio B aye r has pub lished a book in Spanish ca lled Road to the Sea. W ritte n as a novel, i t de­scribes the cond itions he m e t in h is to u r as a docto r in the eastern sections o f C olom bia.

C ou ld th is be the beg inn ing o f a Castro o f the Andes?

P.C.

For EmancipationN ew B r ita in , Conn.

Enclosed you w i l l f in d check fo r $5 as a c o n trib u tio n to The M ilita n t.

I am re tire d , 67 years o ld, b u t g lad to he lp the best I can the advancem ent o f a l l sound v iew s fo r social and un ive rsa l em ancipa­tion .

A.P.

Canadian BoostersC h ris tin a Lake, Canada

Enclosed is $5 fo r y o u r use in any departm ent.

W e apprecia te y o u r w o n d e rfu l w o rk — and such an am oun t o f it , in so m any d irec tions.

C ou ld you please send, as con­ven ient, e x tra copies fo r re m a ilin g to possible new subscribers?

R. & L .M .

A General Peace StrikeN ew Y o rk , N .Y.

The tim e has come fo r a general s trike .

A w o rld w id e genera l s tr ik e is the d ire c t action by w h ich people can convince the governm ents th a t w e w a n t peace and w i l l no t a llo w nu c le a r tes ting to continue.

A genera l s tr ik e is a fo rm o f pro test in keep ing w ith the p r in ­c ip les o f non-v io lence . I t consists o f a w o rk stoppage and o f a re ­fusa l to p a rtic ip a te in the no rm a l fun c tions o f the com m u n ity , e x ­cept fo r those abso lu te ly neces­sary fo r hea lth and san ita tion . T h is s tr ik e w i l l last a week: F rom M onday, Jan. 29, th rou gh Sunday. Feb. 4, 1962.

I f necessary, th is w i l l be the f ir s t o f a series o f genera l strikes. Such a series w i l l con tinue u n t i l we can liv e in peace, free fro m a fu r th e r increase in the te rr ib le e ffects o f fa llo u t, and free fro m the th re a t o f a War th a t m ig h t an­n ih ila te most, i f n o t a ll, hum an beings.

W e c a ll on a ll the people o f the w o rld , in a l l countries, and o f a ll p o lit ic a l convictions, to jo in us in th is s tr ike . We beseech those in pow er to stop tes ting n u ­c lear arms. We ask them to begin im m edia te serious nego tia tions to ­w a rd se ttlin g present d iffe rences, and to reopen nego tia tions fo r to ta l d isarm am ent. W e urge each na­tion in the w o r ld to d isa rm im - m ed ia te ly and u n ila te ra lly .

S toppin g the tests, negotia tions, and u n ila te ra l d isa rm am ent are p ra c tica l actions th a t w i l l both p a c ify the present s itua tion and he lp men tow a rd un ive rsa l peace. In s tr ik in g , we dem and these ac­tions.

New York Committee for the General Strike for Peace, Provisional Com­mittee: Julian Beck, Earl Bissinger, E l a i n e de Kooning, Douglas Gorsa- line, J a c k s o n McLow, Spencer Holst, Judith M a - lina, Julie M arlow e, M ary Sharmat, James Spicer.

Montana Sub-GetterP len tyw ood, M ont.

Enclosed is m oney to renew m y subscrip tion and fo r th ree new ones I got around the state.

I hope The M il ita n t goes back to the o ld sty le . A lo t o f people look a t i t and say i t ’s a sm a ll paper.

Th ings are tough o u t here as the re was no crop. M ost o f the w o rke rs are ou t o f w o rk and the sm a ll fa rm e rs are broke.

O n ly w ish I cou ld do a lo t m ore.John Boulds

Operation OverkillN ew ark , N. J.

A cco rd ing to Rep. B ruce A lg e r, a Texas R epublican , th is c o u n try has a s tockp ile o f 35,000 to 40,000 nuc lear weapons w ith a to ta l de­s tru c tive fo rce eq u iva le n t to 35 m il l io n tons o f T N T .

I don ’t kn o w o f any s im ila r figu res fo r the S ov ie t U n ion . B u t I th in k i t ’s safe to assume th a t th e ir s tockp ile is p re tty m uch in the same league.

E ven i f e ith e r governm ent has the insane idea o f un leash ing such a force, w h a t in the w o r ld do they need new tes tin g for? H o w m any tim es can you hope to o v e rk ill the w o rld?

B.R.

Thought for the Week" I f you have a G rea t Dane dog and w a n t h im to share y o u r safe ty

in a nuc lear fa llo u t she lter, you ’d be tte r f ig u re on a sub s ta n tia lly in ­creased storage o j w a te r.” — F rom a Nov. 1 Associated Press d ispatch.

W estern Designs fo r Dying

The Garden Shelter

I t W as Reported in th e Press