The Crusades of Medieval

Europe

http://edtech.suhsd.k12.ca.us/inprogress/act/wqkingarthur/Crusaders.JPG

The Journey to the Holy Land and JerusalemTo provide security for religious European PilgrimsTo get land, wealth, treasure, trade routes, and adventure

www.unf.edu/classes/ crusades/image/UrbanIIatC...

First Crusade

Pope Urban II called for Christians in Europe to reclaim the Holy land

Done in response to attack on Byzantine Empire

Fought against Seljuk Turks

“Crusade” comes from the word “Cruz” = Cross.

“Crusader” = take up your cross

Few knights knew what to expect.

Dressed in full armor

Abandoned heavy outfits before reaching the Holy Land

Peasants and poor on foot with no weapons and little money

many died along the way

others captured and sold into slavery

http://www.unf.edu/classes/crusades/image/1099jerusalem.jpg

1099 Christians Take Jersusalem

Crusaders won major battles at Nicaea, Antioch, and Acre

Laid siege to Jerusalem and captured it.

Muslims in Holy Land not united

http://weekly.ahram.org.eg/2000/481/boo6.jpg

1099The Capture of Jerusalem

What castle defenses and what siege weapons do you see in this picture?

Many Muslims and Jews who lived in Jerusalem were killed.

http://www.aina.org/images/saladin.gif

Second cruade

Muslims regroup and win back lost territory

Still not united completely

Muslim leaders unite under Saladin

Retake more crusader cities

Saladin victorious and wins back Jerusalem and defeats crusaders

http://www.chriscollingwood.com/images/dhm1016.jpg

htt

p:/

/w

ww

.mondoti

me.c

om

/1

20

0A

D/f

17

.jpeg

Richard the Lion Heart and the Third Crusade (1189-1192)

Started out with England, Germany, and France as allies

Only England was left when they reached the Holy Land

Battles with Saladin over Jerusalem

Fighting results in a truce

Jerusalem remained under Muslim rule

European Christians able to visit Jerusalem safely

How can you tell Richard is a Christian?

Other crusades exist: Peasants and Children’s Crusades

“Fourth Crusade”

Europeans on crusade to get treasure

Only reached Constantinople, a Christian city

Crusaders sacked (attack and steal from) the city

Constantinople was on the same side as they were, Christians

Crusaders never reached the Holy Land

Crusades ended afterwards when Muslims regained control of all of their former lands and Christians lost faith in the Church

ReconquistaChristians wanted to take back Spain and Portugal from MuslimsWon land back slowlyMany Jews and Muslims remainedIsabella and Ferdinand wanted to unite Spain as Catholic country Used Spanish Inquisition to expel Muslims and Jews

www.navigatorminiatures.com/ frankishcrusaders...

ww

w.in

tst.n

et/..

./ vs

/pilg

rims/

imag

es/fo

ot.jp

gw

ww

.rot

ten.

com

/.../

relic

s/re

lic-

thom

asfin

ger.

jpg

ww

w.c

able

foru

m.c

o.u

k/

bo

ard

/sh

owth

rea

d.p

hp?

t=3

00

6

Effects of the crusades

Weakened the power of church and feudal lords

Increased trade between Europe and SW Asia

Cultural Exchange

www.mcc.org/respond/ kits/soap.html

www.goodnessdirect.co.uk/. ../detail/478345.html

www.zuccarello.it/ eindex.htm

www.worldcollectorsnet.com/.../ iss17p2.html

Results of Cultural Exchange:

Crusaders brought back goods and products from Asia:Silk, spices, pearls, cotton, pepper, food

Some Arabic words commonly used in English are cotton, lemon, sugar

Military Technology develops

European world views grew and they see other ways to do things: wanted to explore

Other less positive effects:

Christians hostile to Jews even more

Many Jews killed on Crusade routes

But Muslims lived in relative peace with Jews

necr

obon

es.c

om/k

nigh

ts/

http://www.irregularminiatures.co.uk/images/25mm%20C9.jpg

ReviewCrusaders set out to win back Holy land with a Holy war

They succeeded with the First Crusade

The rest did not turn out well and they lost Jerusalem

Muslims taught Europeans new ideas

Holy Land ends up in Muslim rule, but Christians and Jews allowed to visit and live there.

Question:

Do you think that tensions today between Christians and Muslims could have begun during the Crusades?

http://www.kuttersknives.com/product_images/m_9776.jpg

The End

For more information on the Crusades, use this website link:

http://www.medievalcrusades.com/