The CRISIS Vol. 12—No. 1 M A Y , 1916 Whole No. 67

O N E D O L L A R A Y E A R T E N C E N T S A C O P Y

Publisher's Chat Dr. Horace Bumstead of Brookline, Mass.. wrote us recently:

I n r e n e w i n g m y s u b s c r i p t i o n to t he C R I S I S I h a v e h a d to o v e r c o m e t w o o b j e c t i o n s : f i r s t , t he f a c t t ha t t h e r e is so l i t t l e m a t t e r i n t he m a g a z i n e t h a t I c a n s k i p , w h i c h m a k e s i t a d r e a d f u l t i m e c o n s u m e r w h e n o n c e i t gets i n t o m y h a n d s ; a n d s e c o n d , t he m o n t h l y d i s t r e s s I a m s u b j e c t e d to i n t h i n k i n g - o f t h e p e o p l e w h o o u g h t to t a k e i t a n d d o n ' t . T o a l l e v i a t e t h e l a s t o b j e c t i o n 1 e n c l o s e s o m e n a m e s f o r s a m p l e c o p i e s t o b e s e n t to a n d to e m p h a s i z e t he first o b j e c t i o n I w i l l s a y t h a t M r . N a s h ' s a r t i c l e i n t h e M a r c h n u m b e r o n " T h e C h e r o k e e F i r e s " w a s w o r t h a y e a r ' s s u b s c r i p t i o n f o r t he l i g h t it t h r e w o n s o m e o f t h e h i d d e n c r o s s - c u r r e n t s o f t he r a c e p r o b l e m i n t h e S o u t h .

It is just such commendation as this which brings us joy and moves us on toward the 50 ,000 circulation.

A Selected List of Books These prices do not include postage. Postage extra.

H A Z E L . (Mary White Ovington) $ 1 . 0 0 T H E A U T O B I O G R A P H Y O F A N E X - C O L O R E D M A N . (Anonymous) . 1 .20 N O R R I S W R I G H T C U N E Y . (Maud Cuney Hare) 1 .50 A N A R R A T I V E OF T H E N E G R O . (Le i l a Amos Pendleton) 1 .50 S O U L S OF B L A C K F O L K . (W. E . B . D U Bois) 1 .25 T H E W H I T E M A N ' S B U R D E N . ( T . Shirby Hodge) 1 .00 R A C E A D J U S T M E N T . (Kel ly Mi l l e r ) 2 . 0 0 H I S T O R Y OF T H E N E G R O . (B . G. Brawley) 1 .25 H A L F A M A N . (Mary Whi te Ovington) 1 .00 A F T E R M A T H OF S L A V E R Y . (Wi l l i am Sinclair) 1 .50 J O H N B R O W N . ( W . E . B . D U Bois) 1 .25 N E G R O I N A M E R I C A N H I S T O R Y . ( J . W . Cromwell) 1 .25 P R I N C E H A L L A N D H I S F O L L O W E R S . (George W . Crawford) . . . 1 .00 N E G R O C U L T U R E I N W E S T A F R I C A . (George W . E l l i s ) 2 . 0 0 T H E N E G R O . (W. E . B . D U Bois) 5 0 T H E E D U C A T I O N OF T H E N E G R O P R I O R TO 1 8 6 1 . (Carter G.

Woodson) 2 . 0 0 F A C T S O F R E C O N S T R U C T I O N . (John R . Lynch) 1 .50 L I F E A N D L E T T E R S OF C O L E R I D G E - T A Y L O R . (W. C. Be rwick

Sayers) 2 . 2 5 M A S T E R P I E C E S OF N E G R O E L O Q U E N C E . (Al ice Moore Dunbar ,

Edi tor ) 2 . 5 0 P O E M S OF P A U L L A U R E N C E D U N B A R 2 . 0 0 A F R O - A M E R I C A N F O L K S O N G S . ( H . E . Krehbiel) 2 . 0 0 O U T OF T H E H O U S E OF B O N D A G E . (Kel ly Mi l l e r ) 1 .50

Address, T H E CRISIS, : : : : : 70 Fifth Avenue, NEW YORK

EDITION 38,500

THE C R I S I S A R E C O R D O F T H E D A R K E R R A C E S

P U B L I S H E D M O N T H L Y B Y T H E N A T I O N A L A S S O C I A T I O N F O R T H E A D V A N C E M E N T O F C O L O R E D P E O P L E , A T 70 F I F T H A V E N U E , N E W Y O R K C I T Y

C o n d u c t e d by

W. E . B U R G H A R D T D U BOIS

A U G U S T U S G R A N V I L L E D I L L , B u s i n e s s M a n a g e r

Contents Copyrighted, 1916, by the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People

Contents for May, 1916 P I C T U R E S Page

C O V E R . Photograph From Life. "The Elocutionist." M E N O F T H E M O N T H 17 RESIDENCE O F MRS. C. J . W A L K E R 19 C A R T O O N . Woman To The Rescue. By John Henry Adams 43

A R T I C L E S ESSENCE. A Poem. By Georgia Douglass Johnson 32 NIGHT T H O U G H T S . By E . A . Gibson 33 W H E N GENIUS IS N O T GENIUS. A Story. By O. C. W . Taylor 34 S L A V E ' S SONG. A Poem. By Kelsey Percival Kitchel 36 G O S S A M E R . A Poem. By Georgia Douglass Johnson 42

D E P A R T M E N T S A L O N G T H E C O L O R LINE 7 M E N O F T H E M O N T H 16 T H E L O O K I N G GLASS 20

E D I T O R I A L 28 N A T I O N A L A S S O C I A T I O N FOR T H E A D V A N C E M E N T O F C O L O R E D

P E O P L E 37 C U R T A I N S O F G L O O M . . 41

TEN CENTS A COPY ; ONE DOLLAR A YEAR F O R E I G N S U B S C R I P T I O N S T W E N T Y - F I V E C E N T S E X T R A

R E N E W A L S : W h e n a subscription blank is attached to this page a renewal of your subscrip­t ion is desired. T h e date of the expiration of your subscription will be found on the wrapper.

C H A N G E O F A D D R E S S : T h e address of a subscriber can be changed as often as desired, i n order ing a change of address, both the old and the new address must be Riven. T w o weeks' notice is required.

M A N U S C R I P T S and drawings relating to colored people are desired. They must be accom­panied by return postage. If found unavailable they will be returned. Entered as Second-class Matter in the Post Office at New York. N. Y.

4 T H E C R I S I S A D V E R T I S E R

A t l a n t a U n i v e r s i t y I t beautifully located in the C i ty o f At lan ta , G a . T h e courses of study include H i g h School, N o r m a l School and College, wi th manual t raining and domestic science. A m o n g the teachers are graduates of Ya le , H a r v a r d , Dartmouth and Wellesley. For ty - s ix years of successful work have been completed. Students come f rom a l l parts o f the South. Graduates are almost universally successful.

F o r further informat ion address President E D W A R D T . W A R E

ATLANTA, OA.

K n o x v i l l e C o l l e g e B e a u t i f u l S i t u a t i o n . H e a l t h f u l L o c a t i o n .

T h e B e s t . M o r a l a n d S p i r i t u a l E n v i r o n ­

m e n t . A S p l e n d i d I n t e l l e c t u a l A t m o ­

s p h e r e . N o t e d f o r H o n e s t a n d T h o r o u g h

W o r k . O f f e r s f u l l c o u r s e s i n t h e f o l l o w i n g d e ­

p a r t m e n t s : C o l l e g e . N o r m a l . H i g h S c h o o l , G r a m m a r S c h o o l a n d I n d u s t r i a l .

G o o d w a t e r , s t e a m h e a t , e l e c t r i c l i g h t s , g o o d d r a i n a g e . E x p e n s e s v e r y r e a s o n a b l e .

F a l l T e r m B e g i n s S e p t e m b e r 2 1 , 1 9 1 6

F o r i n f o r m a t i o n a d d r e s s

P r e s i d e n t R . W . A l e G R A X A H A X

K N O X V I L L E , T E N N .

The NEGRO AGRICULTURAL AND TECHNICAL COLLEGE

of NORTH CAROLINA 1 F o r m e r l y t h e A g r i c u l t u r a l a n i l M e c h a n ­

i c a l C o l l e g e f o r the C o l o r e d R ^ c e )

G R E E N S B O R O , N . C.

S U M M E R S C H O O L f o r p r o g r e s s i v e t e a c h e r s .

S E V E N T E E N T H A N N U A L

S E S S I O N

T u n e 2 6 t h — J u l y 29 th , 1916.

E a s y t e r m s , p r a c t i c a l c o u r s e s , p l e a s a n t s u r r o u n d i n g s . F o r t e r m s o r c a t a l o g , a d d r e s s D r . S. B . J o n e s , D i r e c t o r . S e n d $1.00 a n d s e c u r e l o d g i n g i n a d v a n c e .

Jas. B. Dudley, President G r e e n s b o r o , N . C .

M O R E H O U S E C O L L E G E ( F o r m e r l y A t l an t a Baptist Col lege)

A T L A N T A G A College, Academy, Div in i ty - School

A n insti tution famous wi th in recent years for its emphasis on a l l sides o f manly develop­ment—the only insti tution i n the far South devoted solely to the education of N e g r o young men.

Graduates given h igh r ank ing by greatest northern universities. Debating, Y . M . C. A . , athletics, a l l l ive features.

F o r in format ion address J O H N H O P E , Pres iden t

W I L E Y U N I V E R S I T Y MARSHALL, TEXAS

R e c o g n i z e d as a c o l l e g e o f t he F i r s t C l a s s

b y T e x a s a n d L o u i s i a n a S t a t e B o a r d s o f

E d u c a t i o n . H a r v a r d , Y a l e a n d C o l u m b i a

r e p r e s e n t e d o n i t s f a c u l t y ; s t u d e n t s g a t h ­

e r e d f r o m t e n d i f f e r e n t s ta tes .

Strongest M u s i c Department in the W e s t

M . W . D O G A N , President

FISK U N I V E R S I T Y N A S H V I L L E , T E N N .

Founded I860

Thorough Li terary , Scientific, Educat ional , Mus ica l and Social Science Courses. Pioneer in Negro music. Special study i n N e g r o l ife.

Ideal and sanitary buildings and grounds. Well-equipped Science bui lding.

Chris t ian home l i fe . J H i g h standard of independent manhood and

womanhood. F o r literature, etc., wri te F A Y E T T E A V E R Y M c K E N Z I E , Pres ident

S T O R E R C O L L E G E F O U N D E D 1867

A co-educat ional i n s t i t u t ion . State N o r m a l , Co l l ege P r e p a r a t o r y , M u ­sical and M a n u a l T r a i n i n g Courses . Magn i f i cen t l o c a t i o n ; modern , w e l l equipped bu i ld ings , labora tor ies , fine l i b r a r y ; i n t e r - s choo l debates, dec lamatory contests, a thlet ics , l i t e ra ry societies, C h r i s t i a n at­mosphere. E d u c a t i o n a l ideals h i g h . A d d r e s s

H E N R Y T . M c D O N A L D , President Harpers Ferry, W. Va.

Mention THI C u m

T H E C R I S I S A D V E R T I S E R

The NATIONAL TRAINING SCHOOL "/ cordially commend the school's interest and needs to

all who believe in the Negro race and in our obligation to help promote its intellectual, moral and religious uplift."

R E V . D R . C H A R L E S H . P A R K H U R S T , N e w Y o r k C i t y .

I T IS M O R E T H A N A M E R E S C H O O L I T IS A C O M M U N I T Y O F S E R V I C E A N D U P L I F T

Its influence is destined to be fe l t i n a l l sections of the count ry i n improved N e g r o c o m m u n i t y l i fe wherever our t r a ined worke r s locate.

Set t lement worke r s , miss ionar ies fo r home and fore ign miss ion fields, Y . M . C . A . and Y . W . C. A . secretaries and d i s t r i c t nurses receive a compre­hensive g rasp of the i r studies under a Wel les ley graduate and experienced co­worker s and ac tua l every-day pract ice th rough the school's S O C I A L S E R V I C E D E P A R T M E N T .

A H I G H S T A N D A R D C O L L E G E D E P A R T M E N T has now been established. W e a i m also to create a better qualif ied m i n i s t r y . I n d u s t r i a l t r a i n i n g , advanced l i t e r a r y branches, business school. T h i r t y - t w o acres ; ten modern b u i l d i n g s ; hea l th fu l locat ion. W e can accommodate a few more earnest, ambi t ious students. Communi t i e s r e q u i r i n g social worke r s should wr i t e us.

Next Schoo l T e r m O p e n s O c t . 4, 1916.

F o r ca ta log and detai led i n fo rma t ion , address:

P R E S I D E N T J A M E S E . S H E P A R D

N A T I O N A L T R A I N I N G S C H O O L D U R H A M , N . C .

The Cheyney Training School for Teachers

C H E Y N E Y , P E N N S Y L V A N I A

U n d e r the m a n a g e m e n t o f the S o ­c i e t y o f F r i e n d s . B e a u t i f u l l y l o ­c a t e d , h e a l t h f u l , w e l l a p p o i n t e d . T h i s s c h o o l o f fe rs to y o u n g c o l o r e d m e n a n d w o m e n w h o h a v e a r e a ­sonab le s e c o n d a r y s c h o o l p r e p a r a ­t i o n , a n d w h o e a r n e s t l y d e s i r e to b e c o m e t eache r s , c o u r s e s i n a c a ­d e m i c w o r k , d o m e s t i c sc ience , d o ­m e s t i c a r t , m a n u a l c r a f t s a n d a g r i c u l t u r e . T u i t i o n is f ree . B o a r d , l o d g i n g , heat , l i g h t a n d l a u n d r y p r i v i l e g e s a re o f f e red f o r n i n e m o n t h s f o r S i o o . T h e e n t r a n c e fee is $7. F a l l t e r m opens S e p ­t e m b e r 16, 1916.

There trill be no summer school during iQf6. F o r f u l l i n f o r m a t i o n , w r i t e to

L E S L I E P I N C K N E Y H I L L , Principal.

T E A C H E R S A N D P A R E N T S Only the Best is Good Enough

F O R Y O U R B E S T P U P I L S .

T H A T IS W H Y you should send them, when you have them prepared , to

Talladega College 40 teachers, 600 students, 815 acres of land, 20 bui ld ings , e lectric l ight , steam heat, laborator ies , l i b r a r y of 15,000 vol­umes.

C O U R S E S :

College Theological Teachers' 1'omcstic Science

Scientific Domestic Arts Classical Agricul ture

Preparatory Industrie? Music (with diploma)

A l l the best student activities and associa­tions.

For Information Address

D E A N L A R S E N R o o m 21 T a l l a d e g a , A l a .

ST. MARY'S SCHOOL An Episcopal boarding school for girls,

under the direction of the Sisters of S t . Mary. Addres s :

T H E SISTER-IN-CHARGE 609 N. 43d St. W. Philadelphia, Pa.

Ment ion T H E C R I S I S

6 T H E C R I S I S A D V E R T I S E R

Courses given in

THE GEORGIA STATE INDUSTRIAL COLLEGE are

INDUSTRIAL, N O R M A L , C O L L E G I A T E . The most beautiful campus in the state.

Good health, good board, good education at reasonable rates. R. R. WRIGHT, President,

C O L L E G E , S A V A N N A H , G A .

M O R G A N C O L L E G E A N D B R A N C H E S J O H N 0. S P E N C E R . P h D . . President.

M O R G A N C O L L E G E , Baltimore, Md. L o c a t i o n : C e n t r a l i n great college town between N o r t h an

S o u t h . ('nurses: P r e p a r a t o r y , N o r m a l , .Music , A d v a n c e d Educat ion

Col leg iate , Appropriate degrees. Ins truc tors : Col lege and U n i v e r s i t y t ra ined . Seven College

a n d Univers i t i e s represented in F a c u l t y . D o r m i t o r i e s : F o r a l i m i t e d n u m b e r , furn i shed . T e r m s : V e r y reasonable . D e a n : W i l l i a m P i c k e n s , L i t . D .

PRINCESS A N N E A C A D E M Y , Princess Anne, M d . (Eastern Branch of the Maryland Agricultural College)

L o c a t i o n : T h e f a m o u s E a s t e r n Shore of M a r y l a n d , Somerest C o u n t y .

Courses: P r e p a r a t o r y , N o r m a l , I n d u s t r i a l , Domestic Science .Music.

Ins tructors : college a n d T e c h n i c a l l y t ra ined . New l i e m u t i n i e s : F u r n i s h e d , steam heated, care fu l ly super

vised. T e r m s : T u i t i o n free; other expenses moderate.

S U M M E R S E S S I O N J u n e l i l i th-AugusI Ith.

S p e c i a l t r a i n i n g i n D o m e s t i c Science, R u r a l E d u c a t i o n , Nature S t u d y , S c h o o l O r g a n i z a t i o n , S c h o o l M a n a g e m e n t , etc T e r m s : Entrance- tec. $ 1 . I M I ; B o a r d , $3.00 per week: n

tu i t ion charges. P r i n c i p a l : K e v . T h o m a s H . K i a h , A . P .

VIRGINIA C O L L E G I A T E and INDUSTRIAL INSTITUTE Lynchburg, Va.

L o c a t i o n : O n b e a u t i f u l h i l l in suburbs of growing city, ( n u r s e s : P r e p a r a t o r y , N o r m a l , D o m e s t i c .Science, Gardening

M u s i c , Instructors: College t r a i n e d ; carefu l ly selected. D o r m i t o r i e s : F u r n i s h e d ; for fifty g i r l s ; .steam beat, electri

l i g h t ; care fu l ly supervised. T e r m s : W i t h i n the reach of a l l . P r i n c i p a l : F r a n k T r i g g , A . M .

REGALIA

A Race Enterprise Manufacturing Badges, Banners and Supplies for all Fraternal and Church Societies. Cat­alog upon request.

C E N T R A L R E G A L I A C O . Jos. L . Jones, Pres .

N . E . C o r n e r 8th and P l u m Streets. Cinc innat i . Ohio

R O L A N D W. H A Y E S , Tenor R e c i t a l s C o n c e r t s O r a t o r i o O p e r a

" A n unusually good voice. T h e natural quality is beautiful. It is a luscious yet manly voice. M r . Hayes sings freely and with good taste."—Philip Ha le , in the Boston Herald.

" A voice of unusual sweetness and calibre." —Chattanooga Times.

A d d r e s s : 3 W A R W I C K S T . . B O S T O N . M A S S .

O F I N T E R E S T T O V O C A L I S T S T o n e - P l a c i n g a n d V o i c e D e v e l o p m e n t , W i t h Sup­

plement Co-ord inat ing with O r i g i n a l C h a p t e r s H i g h l y recommended a,nd endorsed by well k n o w n C h o r a l and M u s i c a l Societies, Directors , V o c a l Teachers and M u s i c a l Publ icat ions , as evi­denced by the fol lowing extracts selected at random f r o m those who know:

Pedro T . T i n s l e y of Chicago is the first of the vocal teachers to realize the possibilities of T o n e * P lac ing and V o w e l V a l u e s (S tudy) as applied to music , and wi l l soon be reaping his r eward in the knowl­edge that he is helping thousands

to a thorough musical education where he previously helped but hundreds.

T H E M U S I C T R A D E S . I highly endorse your Book T o n e - P l a c i n g and

Voice-Development as being in a class by itself. T h i s is my fourth order and wil l be able to use quite a number of additional copies very soon.

G . W . W I L L I A M S , B . M . A . , 1214 Pease A v e . , H o u s t o n , Texas .

"Dear M r , T i n s l e y : "I take great pleasure in commending your very

useful and succinctly written book on 'Tone -P lac ing and Voice-Development . ' Y o u r own appreciation of the psychology of s inging and the fundamental pr in ­ciples of the art you have cleverly reduced to a simple system. C o r d i a l l y yours ,

"Father W I L L I A M J . F I N N , C . S. P . , Director Paulist Choris ters of C h i c a g o . "

F r o m " M u s i c a l Courier, '* N . Y . : " A very practical, little book is 'Tone-Plac ing and V o i c e - D e v e l o p m e n t / by Pedro T . T ins ley . It contains some very excellent material and vocal exercises, and should be in the hands of a l l , voca l students."

F r o m " M u s i c News," Chicago, III.: " A c c o r d i n g l y this 'Practical M e t h o d of S inging' is a most concise and practical little manual , containing many valuable vocal exercises. It cannot fail to be helpful to all ambitious vocal students."

P R I C E $1.00 Address the publisher: Pedro T . T i n s l e y , 6448 D r e x e l Ave . , Chicago, 111., or Clayton F . S u m m y , 64 E . V a n B u r e n St.. or L y o n Si H e a l y , A d a m s and Wabash A v e . , Chicago, 111.

Concert Soloist L U L A ROBINSON-JONES

Soprano

For terms write 126 West 134th Street, N . Y . C .

Books? See the Selected List on the Inside Front Cover Ment ion T H E C R I S I S

T H E CRISIS Vol. 12—No. 1 M A Y , 1916 Whole No. 67

Along the Color Line M U S I C A N D A R T

THE concert of the People 's C h o r a l •* Socie ty of P h i l a d e l p h i a , P a . , was re­

m a r k a b l e . F i r s t , tha t s i lve r tenor of H a y e s ; then, L y d i a M c C l a n e , of s t r i k i n g beauty and beaut i fu l voice, s ang soprano. B u t most exquis i te was the da rk , sweet, fu l l -bosomed c o n t r a l t o — M a r i o n A n d e r s o n , who fe l t w i t h her soft, s t rong voice the sor­rows of God . F e w voices have ever sung " H e was Despised and Rejected of M e n " w i t h so deep fee l ing and signif icance. I t b rought a sob to the throats of two thou­sand. A l l th is w i t h the smoothness and t r a i n i n g of a r emarkab le chorus made H a n ­del's " M e s s i a h " s t r i k i n g i n its never-old beauty. I f the fa thers could have come f r o m the i r graves and seen that audience— the t r a i n e d s ingers—the s l i m , da rk height of the leader, A l f r e d J . H i l l , they wou ld have s a i d — W h a t wou ld they not have said? C A n unusua l p ic tu re is that of " E a s t and W e s t " b y I. L . G l o a g , w h i c h is h u n g in a publ ic g a l l e r y i n N e w Zea land . The pain t ­i n g is that of a beau t i fu l nude figure of a N e g r o g i r l .

C On A p r i l 2nd at O l d South C h u r c h , Boston, Mass . , P res iden t W . H . P . Faunce , of B r o w n U n i v e r s i t y , spoke on " T h e M e a n i n g o f A m e r i c a . " A concert by R o l a n d W . H a y e s , tenor, and W i l l i a m H . R i cha rdson , bar i tone , w i t h M a u d Cuney H a r e at the p iano, preceded the address. Mess r s . H a y e s and R i c h a r d s o n were heard in operat ic duets as w e l l as solos. T h e audience was l a rge and enthus ias t ic .

C A r e c i t a l of the l i f e of P a u l Laurence D u n b a r was g iven at the N e w C e n t u r y C lub , W i l m i n g t o n , D e l . , M a r c h 21st, by M r s . P a u l L a u r e n c e D u n b a r , reader, and R o l a n d W . H a y e s , tenor, f o r the benefit of the Tuberculosis H o s p i t a l fo r Colored People i n Delaware.

C S i r H e r b e r t Tree , tl.2 E n g l i s h actor , was a guest of honor a t a Shakespeare tercen­tenary celebrat ion by colored actors at the Lafaye t te Thea t r e i n N e w Y o r k C i t y , where the audience is made up a lmost en t i r e ly of Negroes. A t the close of the per formance S i r H e r b e r t was in t roduced and addressed the audience. C H a r t s h o r n M e m o r i a l College presented Shakespeare 's " J u l i u s C a e s a r " before an apprec ia t ive audience i n the college chapel M a r c h 4th.

C George V . Hoba r t ' s m o r a l i t y p lay , "Experience," was presented by the Y o u n g Peo­ple's D r a m a t i c A s s o c i a t i o n of the D i x w e l l Avenue Congrega t iona l C h u r c h of N e w Ha­ven, Conn. , A p r i l 6th. Spec ia l permiss ion was gran ted by F . R a y Comstock and others for the presentat ion of th is p l ay . G The Doug las H i g h School D r a m a t i c C l u b presented Shakespeare 's " M i d s u m m e r N i g h t ' s D r e a m " at the G r a n d O p e r a House i n S a n A n t o n i o , Tex. , M a r c h 23rd. C The " A n d a n t e " of the late Coler idge-T a y l o r ' s V i o l i n Concer to i n G m i n o r has been a r r a n g e d for the o rgan for concert use by J . S t u a r t A r c h e r , and is publ ished i n L o n d o n . The s low movement is consid­ered the best of the concerto, and Musical America states tha t " M r . A r c h e r ' s t r ans ­c r ip t i on of i t is effective enough to w a r r a n t its be ing studied by concert organis ts . Cole­r i dge -Tay lo r ' s i n d i v i d u a l g i f t is ve ry ev i ­dent i n this ' A n d a n t e ' . "

G E N E R A L A " P E A C E M O V E M E N T " to heal the

*• sp l i t in the N a t i o n a l B a p t i s t Convention had its first mee t ing i n W a s h i n g t o n , D . C , F e b r u a r y 10th. The meet ing cal led a t tent ion to the ca lami tous resul ts of a l l ow­i n g the union of the colored B a p t i s t s to be broken, and demanded: (1) S t o p p i n g i n -

8 T H E C R I S I S

flammatory ar t ic les i n the press ; (2) Withdrawal of a l l l aw su i t s ; (3) Peacefu l ad­jus tment of a d m i n i s t r a t i o n affairs by a r b i ­t r a t i o n w i t h i n the c h u r c h ; (4) A mee t ing of the two Boards and the presenta t ion of the i r cases to a j o in t meeting-; (5) Information as to the exact financial s tatus of the p u b l i s h i n g depar tment and the ownersh ip of i ts p r o p e r t y ; (6) A ca re fu l cons t i tu t ion fo r the N a t i o n a l Convent ion . C The N a t i o n a l League on U r b a n Condition A m o n g Negroes offers fe l lowships of th i r ty- f ive do l la r s a month for ten months, and tu i t i on of one hundred do l la rs at the N e w Y o r k School of P h i l a n t h r o p y , N e w Y o r k C i t y , and also fe l lowships of one hun­dred and fifty do l la r s a t F i s k U n i v e r s i t y , N a s h v i l l e , Tenn . These fe l lowships arc-open to those who propose to engage i n social work . A p p l i c a t i o n s m a y be directed to F i s k U n i v e r s i t y .

C James E . Shepard , of the N a t i o n a l Religious T r a i n i n g School , D u r h a m , N . C , is i n v i t i n g the heads of colored educat ional ins t i tu t ions to meet at D u r h a m November 21st and 24th. T h e y are asked to take up questions of dup l i ca t ion of work , the t r a i n ­ing of teachers, the in terchange of students and co-operation i n the r a i s i n g of funds. C The Assoc i a t i on to A b o l i s h W a r s tar ted in Boston declares :

" W e believe that w a r ar ises f rom fear, mis t rus t , race-hatred, commerc ia l r i v a l r y , covetousness and the desire to exploi t weaker peoples. It provokes every k i n d of cr ime. I t is the most c rue l foe of women and ch i ld ren . I t a lways uses the poor as its tools. I t takes advantage of men's ch iv­a l r y to destroy them. I t wastes the means of human wel fa re and sets back a 1 prog­ress."

G There are twen ty-s ix cit ies i n the U n i t e d States w h i c h have a popula t ion of 18,000 or more. In these cit ies there are 1,124,900 persons of N e g r o descent. There are about l37,000 N e g r o pupi l s in the e lementary schools; 2,050 N e g r o teachers i n the ele­men ta ry grades and 175 N e g r o p r i n c i p a l s . F i v e cit ies have special t r a i n i n g schools for colored teachers, n a m e l y : St. L o u i s , Baltimore, W a s h i n g t o n , L o u i s v i l l e and Richmond. In N e w Orleans there are s t i l l 31 whi te teachers and 4 whi te p r inc ipa l s in the colored schools, and a number in Char le s ton , S. C.

(T T h e Negro A m e r i c a n death rate, as re­

por ted by the U n i t e d Sta tes Census , de­c l ined f r o m 22.9 per thousand i n 1912 to 21.9 i n 1913.

G D e b a t i n g teams rep resen t ing the Col lege of A r t s of W i l b e r f o r c e , U n i o n a n d L i n c o l n U n i v e r s i t i e s have debated the subject , Resolved, " T h a t the M i l i t a r y a n d N a v a l Resources of the U n i t e d Sta tes should be P r o m p t l y and S u b s t a n t i a l l y E n l a r g e d and S t r eng thened . " The debates were held i n B r o o k l y n , N . Y . , W i l b e r f o r c e , O. , and N e w Y o r k C i t y .

C O n M a r c h 7th two Negroes were g r a n t e d patents by the U n i t e d States G o v e r n m e n t fo r t h e i r i n v e n t i o n s : T o n y Clemens , B i g -bee V a l l e y , M i s s . , N u m b e r 1,174,392 f o r a r u n n i n g gear f o r veh ic l e s ; and B e n A s k e w , A t l a n t a , G a . , N u m b e r 1,174,538, f o r an i n ­vent ion i n cot ton choppers . G The F o r e i g n M i s s i o n B o a r d of the National B a p t i s t C o n v e n t i o n ce lebra ted i n February the twen t i e th a n n i v e r s a r y of Rev . L . G . J o r d a n ' s e lect ion as i t s G e n e r a l Secretary. D u r i n g th is t ime the repor t s show tha t the B o a r d has sent to F o r e i g n fields 42 persons; collected fo r t h e i r main tenance , t r anspo r t a t i on , houses i n w h i c h to p reach , teach and l ive , $307,S12.21; h a d unde r t he i r care 38 students, and the B o a r d and the B a p t i s t churches have spent $57,000. T w o y o u n g A f r i c a n s tudents a re s t u d y i n g to be­come phys ic i ans at M e h a r r y M e d i c a l College, N a s h v i l l e , T e n n . ; one w i l l finish th i s month and the other nex t year . A m o n g Rev. J o r d a n ' s greatest achievements is the reception and b a p t i s m of more t h a n 40,000 persons into the f e l lowsh ip of B a p t i s t churches i n fo re ign lands . S u b s t a n t i a l bu i ld ings i n S o u t h A m e r i c a a n d C e n t r a l , South and W e s t A f r i c a have been erected. A specia l effort is now b e i n g made to ra ise , t h rough the B a p t i s t S u n d a y School , $7,000 E a s t e r S u n d a y fo r th is g r o w i n g w o r k i n fo re ign lands.

C The Southeas te rn Passenger A s s o c i a t i o n has gran ted low rates f o r passengers to the eleventh annua l S u n d a y School Congress w h i c h meets at V i c k s b u r g , M i s s . , th i s year .

P E R S O N A L

WILLIAM H . M I T C H E L L , f o r t h i r t y -four years a m a i l c a r r i e r i n S a n

A n t o n i o , Tex. , has w a l k e d more t han 108,-000 mi les i n the pe r fo rmance of h i s dut ies . H e was one of the f i rs t f o u r m a i l c a r r i e r s to serve in this c i t y , and has served longer

A L O N G T H E C O L O R LINE 9

i n the pos ta l service than any other mem­ber of his race. Residents M r . M i t c h e l l has served have g iven h i m many valuable gif ts as an apprec i a t ion of his fa i thfulness . A m o n g them is a gold wa tch , a d iamond s t ick p i n and a horse and buggy.

C M r . M a r c u s G a r v e y , founder and president of the U n i v e r s a l N e g r o Improvement A s s o c i a t i o n of J a m a i c a , B . W . I., is now on a v i s i t to A m e r i c a . H e w i l l de l iver a series of lectures on J a m a i c a i n an effort to raise funds f o r the es tabl ishment of an indus­t r i a l and educat ional i n s t i t u t i on fo r Ne­groes i n J a m a i c a .

C H . M . St. C l a i r has taken up his duties as C i t y C o u n c i l m a n i n C a m b r i d g e , M d . C T a y l o r P a r k m a n headed the l i s t of 146 employees of the B i r m i n g h a m & Mob i l e d iv i s i on of the Sou thern R a i l w a y C o m p a n y to receive medals fo r l o y a l t y presented per­sona l ly by the president . H i s services date f r o m 1858, when as a slave, he was owned by the A l a b a m a & Tennessee R i v e r Company.

C James B u r w e l l a student of the University of P i t t s b u r g h , broke the M i d d l e Atlantic record when he finished the 50-yard indoor dash i n 5 2-5 seconds at the A . A . U . M i d d l e A t l a n t i c Mee t he ld recent ly in Pittsburgh, P a .

C A d o l p h Hodge , who gradua ted f rom the Teachers ' Col lege of H o w a r d U n i v e r s i t y in 1913, has completed a course of s tudy at the School of Pedagogy, P h i l a d e l p h i a , P a . , and won the A l u m n i P r i z e by his thesis on " R e t a r d a t i o n A m o n g N e g r o C h i l d r e n . " He w i l l take up his w o r k as a teacher i n the c i t y of P h i l a d e l p h i a .

C James P . N o r w o o d , a fo rmer student of Tuskegee Ins t i tu te , A l a . , has invented a s a n i t a r y device for w r a p p i n g bread. C L e r o y M c A l l i s t e r , a student of the George R . S m i t h College, Seda l ia , M o . , de­l i ve red the best o ra t ion in the interscholastic contests i n K a n s a s C i t y and won the cup offered by the N . A . A . C . P . C M r s . Ida H u d s o n has passed the state examina t ion f o r embalmers i n Oak land , C a l . , and received her l icense to pract ise emba lming . She w i l l become a member of the u n d e r t a k i n g firm of H u d s o n & B u t l e r , of w h i c h her husband is head. M r s . Hudson is the on ly colored woman i n the State of C a l i f o r n i a who holds an embalmer 's licence.

(1 A f t e r two years ' service as s tenographer in the law offices of M r . Char l e s L . Dundey , one of Nebraska ' s best l awyers , M i s s R u t h Seay has been named as one of the ten best l a w s tenographers in Omaha . She is the only colored woman in N e b r a s k a who holds such a responsible and remunera t ive posi­t ion .

(1 M i s s Inez M c A l i s t e r was chosen out of eleven school g i r l s as one of the three to q u a l i f y fo r the W o r k M e d a l Contest wh ich took place at Cen tenn ia l H i g h School Pueblo, Colo . In the t ry-out she was g iven sec­ond place by the judges and i n the final contest she won, being the first g i r l of Negro blood to take pa r t in this contest. G The Rev. W . G . A v a n t , a colored pr iest ,

has resigned f rom the E p i s c o p a l C h u r c h . C M i s s E v a D . Bowles , of N e w Y o r k , was made N a t i o n a l Y . W . C. A . Sec re ta ry fo r Colored W o r k i n cit ies at the recent F i f t i e t h A n n i v e r s a r y of the Y o u n g Women ' s Christian Assoc ia t ions i n A m e r i c a . M i s s Bowles has f o r m e r l y served as a teacher, d i s t r i c t v i s i t o r fo r the Assoc ia ted Cha r i t i e s of Columbus, O., volunteer worke r for the Charity O r g a n i z a t i o n Society of N e w Y o r k , and Secre ta ry of the Colored B r a n c h of the Y . W . C . A . in N e w Y o r k . C P r o f . John M . Marquess , p r i n c i p a l of Sumner H i g h School , K a n s a s C i t y , K a n . , has been elected president of L a n g s t o n University, the N e g r o mechanica l and a g r i c u l ­t u r a l school of Ok lahoma . G Rev . C . Y . T r i g g is h a v i n g much success as pastor of W a r r e n C h u r c h , P i t t s b u r g h , P a . H e has ra ised $3,000 on indebtedness, $8,000 on an old debt, and fo r a l l purposes between fifteen and sixteen thousand dol­l a r s . The mor tgage of the church has been reduced $5,000, m a k i n g the mortgage at present $18,000.

C Char les H . G a m e s , a noted p a v i n g con­t rac to r of Columbus , O., is dead at the age of s i x ty . H e served as super intendent of streets in Columbus , and was act ive i n the K n i g h t s of P y t h i a s and Odd F e l l o w s . G Jessie B e l f o r d , fifteen years old, the e ld­est of five ch i ld ren , proved herself a heroine when a gas explosion wrecked the i r home in W i n d s o r , Ont. , and k i l l e d her fa ther . Jessie c l imbed th rough the flames to an exten­sion roof and saved the smal le r ch i ld ren . C The w i l l of the late S a n f o r d Johnson , a N e g r o f a r m e r of Stockton, K a n . , who was born i n bondage, leaves 640 acres of l a n d

10

in Rooks C o u n t y free f r o m incumbrance , and $7,000 w o r t h of personal p r o p e r t y to his s ix ch i ld ren . G E v e r y j u r o r s igned the ve rd ic t of g u i l t y of c r i m i n a l l ibel in the case of M e l v i n J . C h i s u m , who made l ibelous charges aga ins t I n m a n E . Page , president of L a n g s t o n University, O k l a . , i n his O k l a h o m a C i t y paper . The pena l ty has been lef t to the judge to assess.

G P i e r r e Toussa in t , of San Domingo , was a ha i rd resse r noted for char i tab le w o r k among the poor. H e was especia l ly noted for heroic w o r k i n the ye l low fever epidemic. H e was freed f r o m s l ave ry i n 1810 and died in 1853. C The Rev. E . W . Moore , for nineteen years pas tor of Z ion B a p t i s t C h u r c h , Philadelphia, P a . , has res igned to accept the pas­torate of the Second B a p t i s t C h u r c h of Columbus , Ohio . M r . Moore has increased the membership of his chu rch in Philadelphia f r o m 311 to 1,180, and leaves p roper ty va lued at $04,000.

C Thaddeus W . Wheele r , who was men­t ioned i n the M a r c h CRISIS as Record C l e r k under the c i ty government of D a y t o n , Ohio , has been dismissed f rom his posi t ion. Ef for t s are be ing made by the colored peo­ple to have h i m reinsta ted.

INDUSTRY NICODEMUS is the name of a town in

G r a h a m County , K a n . , control led by Negroes. It was established t h i r t y years ago when the U n i o n Pacif ic R a i l r o a d Company gave several thousand acres of l and to a colony of E a s t e r n Negroes , who w i t h the i r f r iends moved to G r a h a m . M o s t of them are fa rmers .

C Judge Rober t H . T e r r e l l is president , and A t t o r n e y James A . Cobb secretary, of a movement to erect a seven-story hotel b u i l d ­i n g for colored people i n W a s h i n g t o n , D . G , w h i c h w i l l cost a p p r o x i m a t e l y $100,000. G Tobacco dealers of Connec t icu t are p l a n n i n g to impor t help f r o m the South th is year . H a m p t o n Ins t i tu te has been cal led upon to a id in the secu r ing of this labor . G The Southside D r u g Store in M a c o n , G a . , is ra ted as one of the pr ides of the race i n the South . D r . Constance Ga rne r , the pro­pr ie tor , is a graduate of the P h a r m a c e u t i c a l Depa r tmen t of M e h a r r y M e d i c a l College, N a s h v i l l e , Tenn . She came to this store as a c lerk three years ago and has since pu r ­chased the business.

T H E CRISIS

C Colored cooks on the U n i o n Pac i f i c d i n ­i n g cars are be ing d i sp laced by wh i t e men.

C One of the finest mot ion p i c tu r e theat res owned and operated by Negroes i n A m e r i c a was opened i n W i l m i n g t o n , D e l . , recent ly . The theatre is i nco rpora t ed unde r the name N a t i o n a l A m u s e m e n t C o m p a n y , J . V i c t o r D a r n e l l , manager . D r . S a m u e l G . E l b e r t is the owner.

G The C o m m e r c i a l Col lege of H o w a r d U n i v e r s i t y is i s s u i n g a series of studies on the N e g r o i n Bus iness . I t finds i n five States and the D i s t r i c t of C o l u m b i a that the N e g r o in su rance societies h a d i n 1913 assets a m o u n t i n g to $1,554,166. T h e income was $2,812,207 and the d isburse­ments $2,794,203. The i n s u r a n c e i n force at the end o f tha t yea r amounted to $25,-804,365. The repor t is m a r r e d b y wre tched proof r ead ing .

G Co lored men i n N e w O r l e a n s are repor t ­ed to own p r o p e r t y as f o l l o w s : One $100,-000; two $75,000; two $50,000; five $35,000; five f r o m $20,000 to $30,000; e igh t f r o m $5,000 to $15,000.

G M r . C . T . James , of B a r t o w , F l a . , began wi thou t a d o l l a r about t w e n t y years ago. Today he owns a first class genera l mer­cant i le business, a m a r k e t a n d a m o v i n g p ic ture theatre . H e is r a t ed a m o n g the best merchants of the c i ty . C Je r sey C i t y , N . J . , has a colored b u i l d ­i n g and loan assoc ia t ion w i t h one h u n d r e d and three members o w n i n g three hund red and seventy shares. D r . George E . C a n n o n is the Pres iden t .

G The Seaside B u i l d i n g A s s o c i a t i o n , of N o r f o l k , V a . , has sold $45,000 w o r t h of stock. D r . D . W . B y r d is P res iden t . C A d r y goods, not ion and shoe store has been opened i n Na tchez , M i s s . , i n the D u m a s B u i l d i n g . M r . B o n n e r B e m i s s is i n charge . G Before t a k i n g the office of t a x col lec tor

fo r St i tes T o w n s h i p , St . C l a i r C o u n t y , 111., B . F . W a s h i n g t o n had to secure a bond of $200,000 as th is T o w n s h i p inc ludes the v i l l ages of B r o o k l y n or L o v e j o y , a n d National C i t y where the N a t i o n a l S t o c k y a r d s , A r m o u r & C o m p a n y , M o r r i s & C o m p a n y , Swi f t & C o m p a n y s tockyards a re located. M r . W a s h i n g t o n ' s wh i t e f r i ends f u r n i s h e d the bond and he is now t ax col lec tor f o r that townsh ip .

G Rober t F . Y o u n g , a w a i t e r i n the Big-F o u r D i n i n g C a r Serv ice , has been p u t i n

A L O N G T H E C O L O R L I N E

charge of the Cafe C a r . H i s efficiency has p rompted the company to use other colored wa i t e r s i n th is capac i ty . There are now f o u r h o l d i n g such posi t ions. C. The A m b l e r C o m p a n y , br idge contrac tors of P h i l a d e l p h i a , P a . , employ a la rge num­ber of colored laborers . H . Green , a colored fo reman , has a g a n g of fo r ty men under h i m and James G . L i g h t f o o t , an expert pipe l ine m a n , is the on ly N e g r o do ing this class of w o r k . M o r e colored help could be used. C N e g r o doctors have opened M o r r i s B r o w n U n i v e r s i t y H o s p i t a l in A t l a n t a , G a . The F a i r H a v e n H o s p i t a l , also ma in t a ined by N e g r o doctors, has merged w i t h this i n s t i ­t u t ion a n d a l a rge b u i l d i n g w h i c h w i l l ac­commodate hundreds of pat ients is to be bu i l t .

N O R T H A T L A N T I C S U B S C R I P T I O N S a m o u n t i n g to $37,351

have been ra ised t o w a r d the $50,000 c a m p a i g n conducted by the F r i e n d s of F reedman ' s A s s o c i a t i o n i n P h i l a d e l p h i a , P a . , fo r the N e g r o school at C h r i s t i a n s b u r g , V a . C The M e t r o p o l i t a n B a p t i s t C h u r c h i n N e w Y o r k C i t y is to have a new edifice on 138th street w h i c h is es t imated to cost $100,000. Rev . W . W . B r o w n is the colored pastor . C Negroes were i nv i t ed to j o i n i n the pa­rade to celebrate the one hundred th a n n i ­v e r s a r y of the inco rpora t ion of P i t t s b u r g h , P a . , as a c i ty . C F o u r colored pup i l s i n N e w Rochel le schools won pr izes offered to publ ic school ch i ld ren fo r the best essays on " W h a t the R a p i d T r a n s i t L i n e s of N e w Y o r k C i t y M e a n to N e w Roche l l e . " E r n e s t B r o w n , a h i g h school p u p i l , received five do l la r s i n go ld . N o other h i g h school essay received even honorable ment ion . E s t h e r Ecc les , A n n a B r o w n and E d n a S l a u g h t e r were each awarded $2.50 i n gold . C T h e l a rge number of people who attended the second a n n u a l H e a l t h Conference of the M a r y l a n d Colored P u b l i c H e a l t h Association held at Be the l A . M . E . C h u r c h , Baltimore, was a test of the in teres t of the pub­l i c i n the conserva t ion of heal th . Professors M a s o n A . H a w k i n s , K e l l y M i l l e r and J o h n R . H a w k i n s , M a j o r R . R . M o t o n , Doctors J . T . F i n n e y and C h a r l e s Odonovan , H e a l t h Commiss ione r B l a k e and F a t h e r Gri f f i th de l ivered addresses. C T h e new school b u i l d i n g f o r colored c h i l ­d ren , a t Jefferson and C a r o l i n e streets, B a l -

11

t imore , M d . , compares f a v o r a b l y w i t h the best bu i ld ings fo r whi te ch i ld ren . C S t . Luke ' s A . M . E . C h u r c h in Buffa lo , N . Y . , is p l a n n i n g to raise $20,000 fo r the erection of a new house of w o r s h i p and a home for N e g r o w o r k i n g g i r l s . A n option on p roper ty has been secured at 585 Michigan avenue. The church w i l l contr ibute $1,000 toward the fund and the Rev . H e n r y D u r h a m , pastor , w i l l ra ise the rest by per­sonal canvass .

C Ove r $4,000 t o w a r d the $10,000 cam­pa ign f o r P r o v i d e n t H o s p i t a l , B a l t i m o r e , M d . , has been r a i s ed ; $1,130 is cash dona­t ion . T h e wa i t e r s ' team, headed by W i l l i a m W h i t e , ra ised $1,000.90 and received the s i l ve r l o v i n g cup offered to the team r a i s i n g the la rges t sum of money. M r . H u g h M . B u r k e t t s tar ted the campa ign because of the f a i l u r e of the state to make i ts annua l a p p r o p r i a t i o n to this i n s t i t u t ion . (I A benefit for Rober t Gou ld Shaw House i n Bos ton , Mass . , was held at the Copley-P l a z a and over $1,000 real ized for the i n ­s t i tu t ion . C The leg is la ture has made an a p p r o p r i a ­t ion of $96,500 fo r Borden town M a n u a l T r a i n i n g School , i n N e w Jersey, th is year , w h i c h is the h ighest amount the school has ever received. C N e g r o Repub l i can voters of A t l a n t i c C i t y , N . J . , are u r g i n g the selection of James A . L igh t foo t , a N e g r o at torney, as a delegate to the Repub l i can N a t i o n a l C o n ­vent ion .

S O U T H A T L A N T I C THE T r i - S t a t e Den ta l Assoc i a t i on of the

D i s t r i c t of C o l u m b i a , M a r y l a n d and V i r g i n i a is the name of an associat ion of N e g r o dentists w h i c h was organized J u l y 19, 1913. The t e r r i t o r y taken i n in the first place was the D i s t r i c t of C o l u m b i a , Maryland and V i r g i n i a . The o r i g i n a l enrol lment was 27. The first annua l meet ing was held J u l y , 1914, and at that t ime the member­sh ip numbered 42, i n c l u d i n g the Sta te of N o r t h C a r o l i n a wh ich was f o r m a l l y added to the o rgan iza t ion in 1915. I t is the object of those connected w i t h th is o rgan iza t ion to add one or more states to the confederat ion each year u n t i l they can f o r m a N a t i o n a l A s s o c i a t i o n . None but e th ical p rac t i t ioners are admit ted and mus t be members of a lo­ca l or state society. D r . D . A . F e r g u s o n , 327 N o r t h F i r s t street, R i c h m o n d , V i r g i n i a , is president—The American Dentist, d In the G e o r g i a Odd F e l l o w s case the

12 T H E C R I S I S

courts have refused to r e s t r a in the sub­committee of management f r o m suspending B . J . D a v i s and w i l l p robab ly t u r n the en­dowment mat ters over to the superv i s ion of the G e o r g i a State Insurance Depa r tmen t , w h i c h c la ims i r r e g u l a r i t i e s . Opponents of D a v i s have organ ized i n S a v a n n a h . G The semi-centennial of the f o u n d i n g of S h a w U n i v e r s i t y , R a l e i g h , N . C , w i l l be celebrated at tha t i n s t i t u t i on M a y 5th to 11th. C The R i c h m o n d N e g r o W e l f a r e League has issued its f irst bu l l e t in . I t a ims to i m ­prove l i v i n g condi t ions among colored peo­ple of R i c h m o n d . M r s . M a g g i e L . Walker-is Pres ident and W i l l i a m N . Colson , Director.

C The F i r s t Cong rega t i ona l C h u r c h of Savannah, w h i c h has the second l a rges t mem­bership of tha t denominat ion in Georg i a , celebrated i ts for ty-seventh a n n i v e r s a r y i n A p r i l .

0 The l ead ing colored ci t izens of R i c h m o n d , V a . , in a mass meet ing at T r u e Refo rmers H a l l , F e b r u a r y 19th, presented to F a t h e r H a n n i g a n a token of the i r esteem for his l oya l service to the colored people of R i c h ­mond.

G The F i r s t Cong rega t i ona l C h u r c h , Atlanta, G a . , ra ised $4,300 of i ts ent i re i n ­debtedness of $4,800 at a S u n d a y morning-service. The r e m a i n i n g s u m was pledged at an evening service.

G The Genera l A s s e m b l y has made an ap­p rop r i a t i on fo r the cons t ruc t ion of a sana­t o r i u m fo r N e g r o consumptives i n V i r i g n i a . G A b u i l d i n g of the State Colored Col lege at Orangebu rg , S. C. , was destroyed by fire w i t h an est imated loss of $60,000. F o r t y -s ix persons were in ju red and two m a y die. C A school for colored ch i ld ren , cos t ing $3,000, is to be erected in Co lumbus , Ga . , on the site of St . Chr i s tophe r ' s E p i s c o p a l chu rch w h i c h was recent ly destroyed by fire.

G The next meet ing of the M e d i c a l , D e n t a l and P h a r m a c e u t i c a l A s s o c i a t i o n of F l o r i d a w i l l be he ld i n W e s t P a l m Beach , A p r i l 26th and 27th. D r . S. M . F r a z i e r , of Miami, is president , a n d D r . E . C a r r i e M i t c h ­e l l - H a m p t o n , of O c a l a , secretary . G T h e M a s o n i c G r a n d Lodge of N o r t h C a r o l i n a cont r ibu ted three hundred and twenty-f ive dol lars i n cash t o w a r d the edu­ca t iona l extension w o r k be ing c a r r i e d on by P r o f . C. H . Moore i n N o r t h C a r o l i n a .

C The colored R e p u b l i c a n s of R i c h m o n d , V a . , a re contes t ing the r i g h t of delegates elected by the m i n o r i t y e lement o f the p a r t y w h i c h b a r r e d them f r o m the i r meet­ings . C The A l a b a m a Sta te N e g r o Bus ines s League , of w h i c h E . T . A t w e l l , of Tuskegee , is pres ident , held an i n t e r e s t i n g a n d w e l l -at tended mee t ing i n Tusca loosa A p r i l 16, 17 and 18. G The Rev . C h a r l e s W r i g h t a n d F r a n k l i n Johnson , N e g r o w a i t e r s i n the Homes t ead H o t e l i n H o t S p r i n g s , V a . , debated the question " W h e t h e r the W o r l d is G e t t i n g B e t t e r or W o r s e " f o r the benefit of the H o t S p r i n g s L i b r a r y . T h e decis ion was g iven to W r i g h t . T h e audience was made up chiefly of men and women of society, and one hundred do l l a r s was r ea l i zed f o r the l i b r a r y .

N O R T H C E N T R A L R E P U B L I C A N S of Oh io are d o d g i n g

R a l p h W . T y l e r ' s a t t empt to be one of the " B i g F o u r " delegates to the N a t i o n a l Conven t ion by c h a r g i n g that he is backed by Democra t s .

G A t a mee t ing of the " Y o u n g Fortnightly," a w e l l - k n o w n l i t e r a r y a n d soc ia l c lub of wh i t e women i n C h i c a g o , 111., the d i s ­cussion " T h e Sou th i n A m e r i c a n F i c t i o n " was opened by an account of the c o n t r i b u ­t ions to A m e r i c a n l i t e r a tu re made by Negroes.

G The N a t i o n a l N e g r o F r a t e r n a l Congress has been o rgan ized at C i n c i n n a t i , Oh io . Seventy- two state g r a n d lodges were rep­resented. Sta te and n a t i o n a l o r g a n i z a t i o n s on ly are e l ig ib le fo r member sh ip . T h e nex t mee t ing w i l l be he ld at L i t t l e R o c k , A r k . , September 19th. G C la rence B u r k e , a N e g r o , is one of the famous quar te t of qua r t e r m i l e r s of Wendell P h i l l i p s H i g h School i n P i t t s b u r g h , P a . , wh ich has won every r e l a y race they have entered, a n d two n a t i o n a l c h a m p i o n s h i p s a t P h i l a d e l p h i a .

C The W e n d e l l P h i l l i p s H i g h School Glee C l u b has s i x N e g r o members . G M e a d o w Gibbs a n d H o m e r L e w i s , two N e g r o boys, a re p i c t u r e d w i t h the t eam w h i c h cap tu red the h i g h school i ndoo r championsh ips a t B a r t l e t t G y m n a s i u m i n Ch icago , 111. C B i n g a D i s m o n d won the mi l e r e l a y race of the conference meet a t P a t t e n Gymnasium, C h i c a g o , 111., finishing i n 50 1-5 sec­onds and b r e a k i n g a l l p rev ious records .

A L O N G T H E C O L O R L I N E 13

S O U T H C E N T R A L THE C a r n e g i e L i b r a r y fo r colored c i t i -

*• zens i n N a s h v i l l e , Tenn . , was f o r m a l l y opened w i t h app rop r i a t e exorcises under the auspices of the N a s h v i l l e N e g r o B o a r d of T r a d e . G T h e colored people of M e m p h i s , Tenn . , a re p l a n n i n g to es tabl i sh a permanent baby depot and ch i ld ren ' s c l in i c i n an effort to bet ter the hea l th condi t ions of N e g r o babies bo rn i n tha t c i ty . 0 C i t y commiss ioners who inspected the pub l i c schools of B i r m i n g h a m , A l a . , report­ed them as be ing i n a deplorable condi t ion , especia l ly those f o r N e g r o ch id ren . C A t the session of the A l a b a m a Educational A s s o c i a t i o n held A p r i l 5th to 8 th i n B i r m i n g h a m , an exh ib i t of over 1,000 home products made by N e g r o ch i ld ren i n the schools of tha t state was ma in ta ined . C T h e K e n t u c k y N e g r o E d u c a t i o n a l Association, Inc., he ld its th i r ty - seven th a n n u a l session i n L o u i s v i l l e , A p r i l 19th to 22nd. G T h e c i t y B o a r d of E d u c a t i o n of Nashville, Tenn . , has appoin ted D r . J . L . L e a c h genera l med ica l inspec tor i n the c i ty publ ic schools. H e is the f i rs t N e g r o to receive such an appo in tment i n N a s h v i l l e . C T h e r e is much d i s sa t i s fac t ion among col ­ored R e p u b l i c a n voters i n K e n t u c k y as the resu l t o f the State Convent ion choosing seven w h i t e and one colored delegate f o r the N a t i o n a l Conven t ion , a n d a movement is on foot to c a l l another convent ion to secure t he i r p roper representa t ion . C T h e State D e p a r t m e n t of E d u c a t i o n of A l a b a m a w i t h help f r o m the U n i t e d States and other agencies has o rgan ized Home M a k e r s Clubs f o r N e g r o G i r l s i n twenty-three counties w i t h an active membership of 5,111 g i r l s a n d 3,408 mothers . I t is re­por ted tha t 263,943 quar ts of f ru i t s and vegetables have been canned.

W E S T FIRE of an u n k n o w n o r i g i n destroyed the

colored hote l i n M a r k e t Street, St . L o u i s , M o . G T h e C i t y P l a n Commiss ion of St. L o u i s , M o . , has recommended to the B o a r d of Pub ­l i c Serv ice the i n s t a l l a t i o n o f a N e g r o p l ay ­g r o u n d a t K e n n e r l y and Goode Avenues , a t a cost of about $40,000. N e g r o residents of th is sect ion have protested this p l a n because of the segregat ion l a w s w h i c h w i l l hand icap them i n o b t a i n i n g homes i n other sections i f t h e i r present dwe l l ings are used f o r th is purpose.

(I N e g r o Repub l i can representat ives f rom N e b r a s k a , Iowa, K a n s a s , M i s s o u r i and Oklahoma met in K a n s a s C i t y , K a n . , recent ly for a conference on the po l i t i c a l s i tua t ion i n Wes te rn states, and took p r e l i m i n a r y steps toward f o u n d i n g a permanent o rgan i za t i on . (L The D e p a r t m e n t Commande r wr i tes to the C o m m a n d i n g Officer of the 24th In f an ­t r y s ta t ioned at F o r t D . A . Russe l l , W y o m ­i n g , commending the reg iment for i ts excel­lent conduct and its assistance whi le s ta­t ioned at San F r a n c i s c o , C a l .

S O U T H W E S T

FLINT M E D I C A L C O L L E G E , N e w Orleans, L a . , has been t r ans fo rmed into a f irst-class, wel l -equipped hosp i t a l w i t h nurse training a t tached. G F i s k U n i v e r s i t y Quar t e t w i l l s i n g every af ternoon and even ing d u r i n g the 1916 ex­posi t ion at the Co l i s eum i n D a l l a s , Tex . G W . L . D i c k s o n , of the D i c k s o n Colored Orphanage i n G i l m e r , Tex . , has ra i sed $8,000 of the $15,000 needed to c a r r y on the i n s t i ­tut ion 's work .

C Hous ton College, Hous ton , Tex . , is i n need of funds fo r r epa i r s to be made on the i n s t i t u t i on as a resu l t of damage done by a t e r r ib le s to rm i n Texas .

F O R E I G N "A. P. O. ," the best colored paper i n

South A f r i c a , has suspended pub­l i ca t ion . G F r e n c h a n d E n g l i s h governments are r a i s i n g a l a rge a r m y of Negroes i n the i r A f r i c a n colonies. M o r e than 300,000 colored rec ru i t s have a l r eady been obtained by the F r e n c h . G M a r i a n R . H i l f o r d , a wh i t e M i s s o u r i a n , has incorpora ted i n N e w Y o r k Sta te " T h e M a n d i n g o Development C o m p a n y , " to w o r k in W e s t A f r i c a . A m o n g the incorpora tors are B i s h o p Greer , H . B . F r i s s e l l , D r . Talcott W i l l i a m s , and others. T h e Mandingoes number 10,000,000 and are m a i n l y M o h a m ­medans.

G A N i g e r i a n newspaper says tha t D r . Ohasa , a wea l thy nat ive , has at his own ex­pense bu i l t a new road into his cocoa p l an ­ta t ions so tha t now a fleet of motor t rucks takes the place of the l ong l ine of nat ives who c a r r i e d cocoa on t he i r heads t h rough the j u n g l e t r a i l . G F r a n c i s c o Corona , a we l l -known N a n i g o leader i n S i t ious w a r d , H a v a n a , C u b a , was k i l l e d and fifty Negroes clubbed when an at­tempt was made to in t roduce into a c a r n i v a l

14 T H E C R I S I S

ce lebra t ion the A f r i c a n music w h i c h accom­panies the Voodoo re l ig ious r i tes . G A P a r i s repor t says tha t F r e n c h Zouaves and Senegalese fought l ike demons at V a u x V i l l a g e . The cyclonic rushes of the A f r i c a n troops swept the Germans out of the v i l l age in a d a s h i n g bayonet charge. G I n the E n g l i s h P a r l i a m e n t M r . B o n a r L a w s a i d : " W i t h the s ingle except ion of E a s t A f r i c a , to w h i c h some re inforcements have been sent, the whole of our f igh t ing has been done by local forces. The bu lk of i t has been by na t ive levies, the ch ie f of w h i c h , and perhaps the on ly ones, are the W e s t A f r i c a n F r o n t i e r Forces and the K i n g ' s A f r i c a n Rif les . T h e y have been faced for the first t ime w i t h modern weap­ons, d i rec ted by people who tho rough ly un­ders tand how to use them. T h e y have fought i n the bush, in coun t ry where i t was impossible to exercise complete cont ro l over them, yet nowhere have there been any ex­cesses, nowhere has there been any w a n t of d i sc ip l ine , and everywhere they have acted w i t h grea t g a l l a n t r y . " C Coun t J o h a n P a u l V a n L i m b u r g S t i r u m , the new G o v e r n o r - G e n e r a l of the D u t c h counties of J a v a and the E a s t , has j u s t gone to his post. H e stands h i g h i n the d ip lomat ic service a n d i t is recognized that he has a difficult task. In both J a v a and the " O u t h e r Possessions," as the D u t c h c a l l the other Is lands of the a rch ipe lago , there is an a w a k e n i n g of the na t iona l conscious­ness, l ike tha t of other A s i a t i c peoples, and , whi le the Javanese are f a r below the stage of po l i t i c a l development w h i c h the i r ne igh­bors, the F i l i p i n o s , have reached, there has long been a movement t o w a r d se l f -govern­ment, or at least a progress ive po l i cy tha t gives the nat ives more and more to say i n the i r own affairs . T h i s is discussed i n H o l l a n d , where the au thor i t i es are s a y i n g tha t the on ly sure defence fo r the D u t c h E m p i r e i n the E a s t is the genera l m i l i t a r y mobi l i za t ion of the nat ives themselves, and that the on ly basis on w h i c h this could be developed p r o p e r l y w o u l d be g r a n t i n g the nat ives a considerable measure of repre­sentat ive government .

G H E T T O THE Pensacola . F l a . , post office has es­

tab l i shed a " J i m - C r o w " s tamp w i n ­dow fo r colored buyers who are served af ter the whi te pa t rons have been served. C Judge C l a y t o n , of M o n t g o m e r y , A l a . , has

been t r y i n g the ch i e f of pol ice of Coffee county f o r peonage. H e severe ly c r i t i c i s e d condi t ions i n tha t coun ty i n d i c a t i n g t h a t he bel ieved a " s y s t e m " h a d ex is ted there by w h i c h Negroes were j a i l e d for- a l l eged debts, etc., and cour t costs col lected. T h e j u r y "d i sag reed , " of course! d A mo t ion to file a b i l l of except ions be­fore the Supreme C o u r t o f I l l i n o i s has been a l lowed i n the case of the colored convic t , Joseph C a m p b e l l , sentenced to h a n g f o r the a l leged m u r d e r of the p r i s o n benefactress a t Jo l i e t .

G M o r s e Robb ins , a colored c i t i zen of F o r t B e n d C o u n t y , Tex . , f ound h i s w i f e and a wh i t e man together i n the w h i t e man ' s room J u n e 11, 1912. H e k i l l e d them both . H e was acqui t ted of the m u r d e r of his w i f e , bu t sentenced to be hanged for killing the white man.' H e appea led a n d was g r a n t e d a new t r i a l , bu t was a g a i n found g u i l t y and hanged a few days ago. T h e case cost the state $5,000.

G Rober t W . D r y v e r , a colored school teacher of M c N e i l , A r k . , was cer t i f ied by the U n i t e d States C i v i l Se rv ice Commission as e l ig ib le to appo in tmen t as c l e rk i n the I n d i a n A g e n c y at Muskogee , O k l a . Superintendent Gabe E . P a r k e r offered h i m employment a t three do l l a r s a day . H e gave up h i s pos i t ion , t r a v e l e d 350 m i l e s and presented h imse l f . H e w a s p r o m p t l y refused w o r k . T h e Daily Phoenix i s h i l a r i ­ous over the " b i g buck N e g r o " a n d s a y s :

" T h i s is the second t ime a N e g r o has been sent to the Muskogee I n d i a n office b y the C i v i l Se rv ice B o a r d . S e v e r a l yea rs ago one dropped i n one day. D a n a H . K e l s e y , who was I n d i a n agent a t the t ime , so lved the p rob lem by ' J i m C r o w i n g ' h i m and g i v ­i n g h i m a room a l l by h imse l f . T h e m a n was a speedy t y p i s t and w o r k e d so h a r d tha t h i s hea l th gave w a y . H e was then t r a n s f e r r e d to another po in t and died of consumpt ion . "

The U n i t e d States C i v i l Se rv ice Commission "has no official power i n the p remises . " G W h i t e people of M e d i a , P a . , have been t r y i n g to induce the colored people to ac­cept a separate school . T h e y have finally got the Negroes d i v i d e d in to two fac t ions , one fo r and one aga ins t the school . T h e B o a r d of E d u c a t i o n has not rendered a f ina l decis ion.

C A colored B a p t i s t c h u r c h i n C l a r k s v i l l e , Tenn . , was set on fire and des t royed b y

A L O N G T H E C O L O R L I N E 15

whi te Southerners who objected to a race c h u r c h be ing i n t he i r neighborhood. I t bore the name of P a r h a m ' s Chape l and was the w o r s h i p i n g place of the best a n d wel l - re­spected N e g r o f ami l i e s of Oakwood and S t e w a r t Count ies .

G A n ord inance p r o v i d i n g fo r the segrega­t ion of wh i t e and N e g r o races i n Oklahoma C i t y , O k l a . , has been passed by the c i ty commiss ioners . I t provides tha t i f 75 per cent of the occupants of a block are of one color no member of the other race w i l l be pe rmi t t ed to buy or own p roper ty i n that block.

G The officials of St . L o u i s , M o . , are pre­p a r i n g fo r a "ghe t to" census and have asked fo r $41,000 to make maps. Meantime two in junc t i on sui ts aga ins t the c i t y have been filed i n the U n i t e d States courts to prevent the c a r r y i n g out of th is o r d i ­nance.

C I n the case of F r a n k A . Spence vs. W . H . Fench l e r , the Texas Supreme C o u r t has he ld tha t ci t ies of the state cannot segre­gate pros t i tu tes . C M r s . L a w s o n , a colored woman , has ga ined a su i t aga ins t R a l p h ' s Groce ry Company, of L o s Ange l e s , C a l . , f o r r e fus ing her service i n the i r d i n i n g room. C A b o u t t h i r t y whi te men recent ly beat a colored m a n to death i n R i c h m o n d , V a . , be­cause he " t a l k e d back." I n the same c i t y a colored m a n was k i l l e d by a whi te pay­mas ter fo r c o m p l a i n i n g tha t he had not re-

' ceived his f u l l wages.

C T h e " B i r t h of a N a t i o n " has been ex­cluded f r o m L a n s i n g , M i c h . , a f te r three days ' r u n . The governor hopes he m a y d r ive i t f r o m the state. C The C o u r t of A p p e a l s of M a r y l a n d has done an e x t r a o r d i n a r y t h i n g i n the segre­ga t ion case of Thomas H . J ackson vs. the State of M a r y l a n d . In a communica t ion , the cour t s a y s :

" W e w o u l d hesitate to postpone the deci­s ion of th is case longer were i t not for the fac t tha t we unders tand tha t a case pend­i n g i n the Supreme C o u r t of the U n i t e d States i n v o l v i n g the cons t i t u t iona l i t y of an ordinance of s i m i l a r p u r p o r t to ord inance N o . 339 re fe r red to i n the ind ic tmen t w i l l sho r t l y be heard . I na smuch as i t is fo r tha t C o u r t to u l t i m a t e l y pass on the con­s t i t u t i o n a l i t y vel non, o f l eg i s l a t ion of this charac te r and as i t is so soon to be pre­sented to tha t C o u r t f o r de te rmina t ion , and

as the members of this C o u r t are not en­t i r e l y agreed as to the v a l i d i t y of the o r d i ­nance, i r respect ive of the r i g h t of the M a y o r and C i t y C o u n c i l to pass an o r d i ­nance h a v i n g for its object the segregat ion of the races, we have concluded to order a re -argument ."

T a l k about the A r t f u l D o d g e r ! G J o h n M c A r d l e , a whi te police officer i n P i t t s b u r g h , P a . , mus t pay two hundred and seventy-four dol la rs to J o h n M . B a n n e r and W i l l i a m W o o d y for r a i d i n g a P y t h i a n Lodge whi le they were being in i t i a t ed . G M r s . M a r y L e i g h t o n , colored, f o r m e r l y j an i t r e s s of the Pr incess Thea t re , Des Moines , l a . , who was ar res ted A u g u s t , 1915, on- suspic ion tha t she had f a i l e d to t u r n i n lost ar t ic les a t the box office, has been released and awarded $2,500 damages by a d i s t r i c t cour t j u r y . G R a b b a n Temple of the M y s t i c S h r i n e is p r e p a r i n g to contest the t empora ry in junc­t ion issued agains t i ts cont inuance by the Supe r io r C o u r t of F u l t o n Coun ty , G a . The in junc t ion proceedings w i l l now be t r i ed i n the S u p e r i o r C o u r t on its mer i t . The out­come w i l l be watched i n a l l pa r t s of the count ry , as an adverse decision m a y be a fo re runner of hosti le acts to colored Mystic Shr ine r s i n other states. C B u t l e r K e y s , a Negro , who was convict­ed of robbery i n H u s t i n g s Cour t , P a r t I I , J u l y , 1914, and sentenced to serve e ight years i n the pen i ten t ia ry , has been par­doned by Governor S t u a r t by recommenda­t ion of Judge W e l l s and A t t o r n e y Page tha t he was a v i c t i m of mis taken ident i ty . K e y s had a l r eady served two years of his sen­tence.

G L y n c h i n g s since our las t r eco rd : M a r c h 4th, shot to death at W i n t e r s v i l l e ,

N . C , D a v i d E v a n s fo r k i l l i n g two county officers.

M a r c h 6th, hanged at Lebanon , Tenn . , W i l l W h i t l e y fo r k i l l i n g the chief of police.

M a r c h 20th, hanged near C o u n c i l B luf f s , l a . , James Jones, for " a t t e m p t i n g to a t t ack" a whi te g i r l .

A p r i l 3 rd , hanged in the cour t house at Idabel , O k l a . , Osca r M a r t i n , f o r a t t a c k i n g a wh i t e g i r l .

A p r i l 5 th , hanged at K i n s t o n , N . C , Joseph B l a c k . H i s son was accused of at­t a c k i n g a whi te ch i ld . H e was ar res ted and sp i r i t ed a w a y by the officers so the mob lynched his fa ther .

Men of the Month AN AMERICAN W i l l i a m H . H u n t , A m e r i c a n CONSUL C o n s u l at S a i n t

E t i enne , F r a n c e , was born i n Tennessee i n 1869. H e was edu­cated i n the publ ic schools, at L a w r e n c e A c a d e m y , Gro ton , Mass . , and W i l l i a m s C o l ­lege. In 1898 he became secre ta ry to the late Judge Gibbs then consul to M a d a g a s c a r . In 1901 he became consul and i n 1906 he was t r ans f e r r ed to his present pos i t ion . H i s wi fe is a daughter of Judge Gibbs . Consu l H u n t is accurate and thorough i n his w o r k and ve ry popu la r .

A PRIEST OF JESUS

F a t h e r H a n n i g a n of the Ca tho l i c C h u r c h of St . F r a n c i s X a v i e r , R i c h m o n d ,

V a . , is a whi te leader of his colored f r iends . E loquen t and fearless he asks fo r them equal r igh t s and equal cons idera t ion . H e has helped secure a p l a y g r o u n d fo r colored ch i ld ren , he was the g u i d i n g s p i r i t of the H o u s i n g A s s o c i a t i o n , he has watched over the police courts and over the T r a v e l e r s ' A i d . H e is a m a n of God.

A GERMAN FRIEND One of the las t wishes of A d o l p h Pohle who

died December 26th was to see the N e w Y e a r ' s CRISIS before he "went home." H e was born in G e r m a n y i n 1848 and brought to this coun t ry as a baby. A sufferer f r o m i l l hea l th nea r ly a l l h i s l i fe he was never­theless a business man and a bel iever i n human beings. E s p e c i a l l y d i d he become interested i n the colored people and i n those of them who dared to fight fo r a l l t he i r r igh t s , l ike H a r r y S m i t h of the C leve land Gazette. H i s daughter w r i t e s : " T h e CRISIS a r r i v e d one day af ter his death so we placed i t in his coffin."

M a NOBLE FAMILY In 1786 S i r Thomas

F o w e l l B u x t o n , the first baronet , was born i n E n g l a n d . H i s w i f e was a s is ter of E l i z a b e t h F r y , the first grea t promoter of p r i son r e fo rm. S i r Thomas was a co-worker w i t h C l a r k s o n and W i l b e r f o r c e in the abol i t ion of the slave t rade. H i s sons became noted fo r the i r p h i l a n t h r o p y t o w a r d the N e g r o race and today we are cal led upon to mourn the

death of the t h i r d barone t who bore the same name as his d i s t i n g u i s h e d g r a n d ­fa ther . H e was a m a n of h i g h courage and unselfishness a n d is best k n o w n to A m e r i c a n Negroes as p res iden t of the A n t i -S l a v e r y a n d A b o r i g i n e s P r o t e c t i o n Socie ty . H e is succeeded i n t ha t office b y h i s son S i r T . F . V . B u x t o n .

A TEACHER M i s s M i l d r e d B r y a n t is assis tant OF MUSIC supe rv i so r of m u s i c and

i n charge of the m u s i c i n the L o u i s v i l l e , K y . , schools. She was educated at F i s k U n i v e r s i t y a n d the N e w E n g l a n d C o n s e r v a t o r y of M u s i c . She has t a u g h t at A l b a n y , G a . , N o r m a l , A l a . , and P h i l a n d e r S m i t h Col lege and has spent seven years w i t h u n u s u a l success i n L o u i s v i l l e , K y . , where she has charge of the mus ic of fifteen colored schools. Bes ide the r e g u l a r course of mus ic s tudy she has a chorus , glee c lub and orches t ra , together w i t h classes i n v i o ­l i n . F o r two years she led a teachers ' c h o r a l society w h i c h gave C o l e r i d g e - T a y l o r ' s Hiawatha, and she has g iven f o l k song rec i t a l s . H e r w o r k has been commended e d i t o r i a l l y by the L o u i s v i l l e papers .

A CHURCH T h e Rev . George W . M o o r e WORKER has f o r m a n y years been superintendent of N e g r o c h u r c h w o r k under the A m e r i c a n M i s s i o n a r y Association. H e was b o r n i n Tennessee i n 1854 and sold once i n s l a v e r y before the w a r . H e was educated at F i s k U n i v e r s i t y and O b e r l i n and has spent his l i f e as m i s ­s iona ry and min i s t e r . H i s w i f e , the la te E l l a S h e p p a r d Moore , was one of the original jub i lee s ingers .

" T H E WHITE M a n y of our readers have MAN'S BURDEN" read t ha t i n t e r e s t i n g book,

the " W h i t e M a n ' s B u r d e n , " by " T . S h i r b y H o d g e . " W e are a t l i b e r t y now to revea l the f ac t t ha t the r ea l name of the au tho r is D r . Roge r S h e r m a n T r a c y , of B a l l a r d v a l e , M a s s . H e is w e l l k n o w n i n N e w Y o r k where he w a s l o n g connected w i t h the B o a r d of H e a l t h and is an au thor ­i t y on san i t a t i on . H e w r i t e s : " I used a pseudonym because I was a f r a i d the c r i t i c s m i g h t i gnore the book or c a l l i t r i d i c u l o u s nonsense, and i n e i ther case I should w a n t

16

W I L L I A M H . H U N T T H E L A T E A D O L P H P O H L E F A T H E R H A N N I G A N T H E L A T E SIR T H O M A S F O W E L L B U X T O N

G E O R G E W . M O O R E MISS M I L D R E D B R Y A N T R O G E R S. T R A C Y

17

IS T H E C R I S I S

H . P . A N D E R S O N I. T . B R Y A N T J . C. C A L D W E L L

to hide m y d imin i shed head. To m y grea t su rp r i se the reviews were u n i f o r m l y f a v o r a ­ble. So I came f o r t h f r o m h i d i n g . " Doctor T r a c y is now i n his seventy- four th year .

Y O U N G T h e young men are c o m i n g C H U R C H M E N f o r w a r d to preserve and res­

cue the good tha t is i n the N e g r o church . W e present three of t h e m : H . P . A n d e r s o n of A t l a n t i c C i t y , a t i re less pas tor who may be Secre ta ry of M i s s i o n s of the A . M . E . C h u r c h ; I r a T . B r y a n t , a man of courage and capac i ty , who has a t tacked the delinquencies of bishops w i t h sledge­

hammer blows a n d bu i l t up a sp l end id m o d ­ern p u b l i s h i n g business f o r h i s c h u r c h i n N a s h v i l l e . H i s new b u i l d i n g cost $55,000; J u l i a n C . C a l d w e l l , f o r e igh t years S e c r e t a r y of the A l l e n C h r i s t i a n E n d e a v o r , w i t h 4,015 leagues a n d 150,000 members . H e is a can­didate f o r the b i shopr i c . T o these names should be added D r . R . R . W r i g h t , J r . , ed i ­tor of the Christian Recorder; he is one of the s t rongest men i n the c h u r c h and prob­ab ly the best t r a ined . H e does not w a n t to be bishop, bu t he does w a n t to be a l l o w e d to p u b l i s h an effective c h u r c h o r g a n . L e t h i m !

W I L L I A M H . M I T C H E L L (See page 8.)

THE N E W L Y ERECTED RESIDENCE AND SHOP OF MRS. C J. W A L K E R , NUMBERS 108-110 WEST 136TH STREET, N E W Y O R K CITY. MRS. W A L K E R AND H E R DAUGHTER, MRS. L E L I A W. ROBINSON, H A V E MADE A FORTUNE OUT OF PREPARATIONS AND METHODS FOR THE CARE OF THE HAIR. T H E Y DO BUSINESS A L L OVER THE UNITED STATES, WEST INDIES

AND SOUTH AMERICA

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The Looking Glass LITERATURE

R O B E R T A L D E N S A N B O R N i n Poetry names the " A l l - A m e r i c a T e n Poets . "

" A dozen fits of f u t i l i t y have threatened to undercu t m y purpose i n a task tha t I cannot take ser ious ly . W h y should I t r y to achieve someth ing tha t is nei ther un ­equivoca l ly a joke nor of unassa i lab le w o r t h ? W h y should I a i m at a n omniscience so ab ly app rox ima ted by M r . B r a i t h w a i t e ? — w h y seem to pa rody a devotion so he ro i ca l ly and k i n d l y sus ta ined as h i s ? "

H i s second name is " W i l l i a m S tan ley B r a i t h w a i t e — m a k e r of grea t audiences."

A m o n g the books we have received are R a d i n ' s " Jews A m o n g the Greeks and Romans ( J e w i s h P u b l i c a t i o n Socie ty) wh ich Negroes m a y read p ro f i t ab ly ; the Rev . R . A . M o r r i s e y sends the " B i b l e H i s t o r y of the N e g r o . " I t f r a n k l y accepts H e b r e w legends as authent ic h i s to ry , but otherwise shows some r ead ing and car r i es some sug­gestions.

THE PRESIDENTIAL CAMPAIGN THE C a m p a i g n is on and a l ready the

" L i t t l e B l a c k M a n f r o m E g y p t " is e m e r g i n g f r o m the woodpile . L o u i s i a n a is scared stiff. The Democra t i c " m a c h i n e " there is appa ren t ly p re t ty ro t t en : " N o such c r y as ' N e g r o , ' " says the G u e y d a m , L a . , News, " i s go ing to f r i g h t e n r i g h t - t h i n k i n g men f r o m v o t i n g to down the co r rup t prac­tices of the Democra t i c p a r t y of th is state. They have voted to down them w i t h i n the p a r t y and fa i l ed to succeed. T h i s t ime they are go ing out of the p a r t y to vote them down. N o t because they do not be­lieve i n Democra t i c p r inc ip les , but because they w a n t to ex te rmina te the machine w i t h ­in the Democra t i c p a r t y i n th is state that has for so m a n y years cor rupted the ba l lo t and prac t iced in iqu i t i e s upon honest men . "

B u t the " N e g r o " c r y persists . The N e w Orleans States is grave and por ten tous : ' F o r n e a r l y twen ty years the N e g r o has

p layed no pa r t i n the pol i t ics of L o u i s i a n a . H e hasn ' t t r i ed to regis te r and we have had r a c i a l peace i n the State, and the N e g r o has made greater progress than d u r i n g any other per iod since recons t ruc t ion . Y e t a l ­

most s imu l t aneous ly w i t h the l a u n c h i n g of M r . P a r k e r ' s R e p u b l i c a n - P r o g r e s s i v e move­ment the o ld s p i r i t moves h i m a n d he comes a g a i n to the f ron t .

" L e t no one believe t ha t i f he ever gets back on the r o l l s h i s aff i l iat ions w i l l be w i t h the D e m o c r a t i c p a r t y , whose t r a d i ­t i o n a l p o l i t i c a l enemy he is a n d w i l l be f o r years to come."

The Times-Picayune w a r n s the pub l i c aga ins t leaders who " e v i d e n t l y f ea r t ha t they cannot w i n the voters on r e a l l i v e i s ­sues and therefore 'h ike back ' to the N e g r o quest ion as one upon w h i c h they m a y be able to s t i r up the electorate ."

B u t the Shrevepor t Times is o b d u r a t e :

" T h e Times does not believe J o h n M . Parker wan t s the N e g r o back i n po l i t i c s i n th i s s ta te ; i t has never accused h i m of s t and­i n g fo r the N e g r o . B u t the Times does believe tha t M r . P a r k e r is p l a y i n g w i t h fire a n d tha t he is j o i n e d w i t h forces ' i n pol i t ics tha t he can no more con t ro l than he can con t ro l the floods i n the M i s s i s s i p p i . W e m a y k n o w where M l - . P a r k e r s tands w i t h respect to the N e g r o i n po l i t i c s , bu t can we say w i t h equal c e r t a i n t y t h a t M r . P a r k e r represents the a ims a n d purposes of h is p o l i t i c a l associates i n the n a t i o n ? C a n M r . B e n o i t o r anybody else say w i t h c e r t a in ty tha t i f L o u i s i a n a b roke a w a y f r o m her D e m o c r a t i c moor ings i t w o u l d not tend to encourage tha t sen t iment i n the R e p u b l i c a n p a r t y w h i c h s u r v i v e d recon­s t ruc t ion to force the N e g r o back as a po­l i t i c a l equat ion i n the S o u t h ? "

A " l a d y " wr i t e s d a i n t i l y to the Times-Picayune: " Y o u r sp lend id e d i t o r i a l on ' T h e N e g r o Issue ' is espec ia l ly g r a t i f y i n g to the women of L o u i s i a n a , w h o are h o p i n g and expec t ing to have the p r i v i l e g e , some day i n the nea r fu tu re , of v o t i n g .

" Y o u r quota t ion f r o m the Ruston Leader s a y s : ' T h e N e g r o has been e l i m i n a t e d f r o m the p o l i t i c a l a f fa i rs of th is state, a n d the issue should r e m a i n b u r i e d fo reve r . '

" A s you s a y : ' T h i s is sound common sense and should be echoed and t a u g h t every­where i n L o u i s i a n a . ' "

B u t P a r k e r ' s m a n a g e r j u s t gets p l a i n m a d : " A n y m a n w h o says J o h n P a r k e r s tands fo r the N e g r o i n po l i t i c s is a l i a r , "

20

T H E L O O K I N G G L A S S 21

sa id W i l s o n T . P e t e r m a n , c ampa ign man­ager f o r the independent Democra t i c can­didate f o r the governorsh ip .

N o t w i t h s t a n d i n g a l l th i s the Democra t i c candidate puts the unanswerab le southern d i l e m m a th is w a y :

" T h e P rogres s ives i n th is c ampa ign have a t tempted to r i d i c u l e the danger of the re­t u r n of the N e g r o in to pol i t ics , bu t the fact r emains tha t the N e g r o s t i l l is here i n grea t numbers and tha t there is no l a w to pre­vent h i m p a y i n g the pol l t ax or f r o m regis­t e r i n g i f he has the p rope r ty or the educa­t i o n a l qual i f icat ions , wh ich thousands of them have.

" T h e r e are but three ways of p reven t ing the N e g r o r e g a i n i n g an impor tan t , perhaps a decisive place, in the pol i t ics of the state, v i z . :

" F i r s t — T h e te r r ib le , shotgun method by w h i c h is meant a l l forms of violence aga ins t the person, and w h i c h m a n y of you remem­ber to have been used effectively i n L o u i s ­i a n a .

"Second—The equa l ly i m m o r a l and i l ­l ega l , and less m a n l y i f less t e r r ib le method, of stuffing the ba l lo t box. T h i s method was used effectively i n the past, both aga ins t the Negroes and the whi tes .

" T h i r d — T h e present method, both lega l and humane, of se t t l ing a l l p o l i t i c a l differ­ences between the whi tes i n an exclus ive ly whi te p r i m a r y , an elect ion i n w h i c h no one but regis tered wh i t e men can vote.

" I f , as I conceive, there are bu t these three methods, w h a t are you to unders tand b y J o h n M . P a r k e r ' s f e r v i d declarat ions aga ins t the whi te p r i m a r y ? Gran t ed the postulate , i t fo l lows tha t he e i ther is i n f a v o r of one of the other two methods."

M e a n t i m e a G e o r g i a demagogue has found a new dis f ranchisement i n re fus ing Negroes the r i g h t of h e a r i n g before C o n ­gress ional Commit tees . The H o n . Archibald G r i m k e w r i t e s : " A t the day and hour set f o r the hea r ing , I r epa i red to the dis­t r i c t commit tee room w i t h a committee of colored c i t izens . The c h a i r m a n of the sub­committee, M r . V i n s o n of G e o r g i a , be ing absent, Congres sman T i n k h a m phoned h i m tha t we were w a i t i n g , and he rep l ied that he wou ld be w i t h us i n 10 minutes . In 10 minutes sure enough, he came i n , and an­other Sou thern member of the sub-committee fo l lowed h i m . The c h a i r m a n took Congress­m a n T i n k h a m in to an a d j o i n i n g room, and, I hear , r ead the r i o t act to h i m , f o r deceiv­i n g h i m . M r . T i n k h a m , i n a s k i n g fo r the

hea r ing , told M r . V i n s o n that a few c i t i ­zens wanted to be heard on the b i l l s . Vinson considered that th is was deception, fo r he supposed that the ci t izens re fer red to by M r . T i n k h a m were whi te people who wanted to speak i n f a v o r of the b i l l s . H e says, ' I was never more astonished in m y l i f e when I saw the committee room fil led w i t h a lot of n iggers and mongrels . ' H e f la t ly refused to re-enter the room whi l e we were there, and compelled Congressman T i n k h a m to s i t a l l by h imse l f and conduct the h e a r i n g . "

O k l a h o m a is s w a l l o w i n g i ts " g r a n d f a t h e r " dose w i t h difficulty. A colored paper, the Black Dispatch, w r i t e s :

" W e w a n t every b lack m a n in the State of O k l a h o m a to remember tha t unless some t ime between the 30th day of A p r i l and the 11th day of M a y he finds h i s prec inc t r e g i s t r a r and regis ters , he w i l l , under the provis ions of Sect ion 4 of Senate B i l l N o . 38, be denied the r i g h t o f suffrage. T h i s pernic ious and v ic ious statute fa i l s to re­quire the r e g i s t r a r to be a resident w i t h i n the precinct . I t does not, w i t h in ten t ion on the par t of i ts f ramers , es tabl i sh a place where the r e g i s t r a r d u r i n g these nine shor t days of grace m a y be found . B u t i t re­quires you to seek out and find this carpet-b a g g i n g vagabond of a coward i n the nine short days, tha t the l a w intends he sha l l pu t i n h i d i n g f r o m you.

" I n l i eu of this unholy , f o u l a t tempt to destroy our l ibe r ty and our r igh t s , i t be­hooves every b lack m a n to s t a r t out now finding out who the prec inc t r eg i s t r a r i s . F i n d tha t scoundrel and find h i m now. M a k e h i m unders tand tha t he w i l l have to put i n n ine rea l days of h i d i n g and tha t you propose to make h i m go the l i m i t i n i g n o r i n g the decisions and mandates of the Supreme C o u r t of the U n i t e d States ."

W e a lways d id l ike O k l a h o m a E n g l i s h ! T h e Ohio k i n d also appeals. The Cleve­land , O. Gazette s ays :

" T h e colored men of Ohio owe a grea t deal to the men who gave them freedom, and a free ba l lo t i n the nor th .— E d i t o r E . H o w a r d G i l k e y i n Columbus ( 0 . ) Saturday Monitor.

" H a s E d i t o r G i l k e y forgot ten tha t two hundred thousand of these men were col ­ored soldiers , and tha t the t ide of the w a r of the rebel l ion d i d not t u r n u n t i l they were enlis ted and became act ive? D o not the 'wh i t e ' men of Ohio and the coun t ry 'owe a grea t dea l ' to them fo r the mate­r i a l assistance they rendered 'to preserve

22 T H E C R I S I S

the u n i o n ? ' D i d they not ea rn and pay for not on ly the i r freedom but also a free ba l lo t not on ly ' i n the n o r t h ' but also i n the south where i t has been w i thhe ld , w i t h the government ' s s i lent consent, a lmost con­t inuous ly since the close of tha t w a r ? "

EAVES

THE l i t t l e B l a c k B o y of Des Moines has s t i r r e d up someth ing by m a k i n g re­

m a r k s about the flag. The Courier-Herald of S a g i n a w , M i c h . , w r i t e s :

" T h e U n i t e d States is the coun t ry of the N e g r o and of the l i t t l e , eleven year o ld representa t ive of tha t race i n Des Moines . N e g r o soldiers fought fo r i t i n the C i v i l w a r , i n the S p a n i s h - A m e r i c a n w a r and are f igh t ing i n M e x i c o . N e g r o a g r i c u l t u r i s t s and educators and others i n a wide v a r i e t y of l ines are a i d i n g i n i ts development, and feel a s t rong and pa t r io t i c sense of l oya l ty to i t . Pe rhaps the eleven year old lad h i m ­self w i l l , when he has become a l i t t l e older, but not, we fear , under the t rea tment that is be ing accorded h i m . P a t r i o t i s m is not a t h i n g tha t can be forced. H e m i g h t be made to salute the flag, but he wou ld feel no r ega rd for i t . T h i s business of com­pe l l i ng a salute to the flag is never v e r y sa t i s fac tory . P res iden t W i l s o n , who s tar t ­ed out to exact a salute f r o m someone down i n Mex ico , p re fe rab ly H u e r t a , and who never got i t , can tes t i fy to tha t . "

The colored Business Booster of N e w Y o r k adds :

" Y o u may in te rpre t the B i b l e as you please but no H e b r e w prophet ever spoke a t r u e r w o r d than d id tha t l i t t l e fe l low in Iowa . F o r God is the Ideal of Jus t i ce and Goodness, and no se l f - respect ing people w i l l subscribe to the infamies tha t are d a i l y be­i n g perpetra ted upon the colored people of this coun t ry , and of w h i c h this outrageous sentence upon a ch i l d is a t y p i c a l exam­p l e :

" T h e other day a boy in N e w Je rsey re­fused to salute the A m e r i c a n flag. T h e school au thor i t ies and the courts decided to let h i m do as he pleased, since he was a whi te C a n a d i a n , a member of a s t rong and power fu l na t ion . Some hundreds of M e x i c a n s and a number of A m e r i c a n s were sacrif iced i n an effort to get H u e r t a to sa­lute the A m e r i c a n flag, bu t the on ly salute tha t the M e x i c a n s have yet g iven to the banner of H e a r s t and V a r d a m a n and the

Des Moines j udge or ' jus t ice , ' was f i red by F r a n c i s c o V i l l a two weeks ago.

" T h e r e w i l l be qui te a number of such salutes exchanged before the flag of ' jus ­t ice to a l l ' is respected i n M e x i c o , a n d i t is a p i t y tha t men of the same blood as tha t I o w a boy shou ld be a m o n g the first to engage i n tha t exchange of compl imen t s since, as a gen t leman f r o m K e n t u c k y sa id to some f r i ends i n N e w Y o r k , the men who have been p ro t ec t i ng the A m e r i c a n borde r f o r f o u r years and are now i n the v a n o f Funs ton ' s columns 'are not A m e r i c a n t roops ; they are on ly N i g g e r s . ' M e a n w h i l e the voice of l i t t l e H u b e r t E a v e s , w i t h the prophet ic i n s t i nc t of H a n n a h ' s sons, r i n g s over th is l a n d : ' I w i l l not salute y o u r flag, f o r there is no God i n i t . ' A n d these r i n g ­i n g words presage the a w a k e n i n g of a people who will no more be slaves."

MOB-MURDER

C H A P L A I N T . G . S T E W A R T , of Wilberforce, wr i t e s u s : "P lease d i s p l a y tha t g r a n d pho tog raph

you have on page 303 of y o u r A p r i l n u m ­ber and m a r k i t : 'The G l o r y of the L a n d of the F r e e . ' W h a t g rea te r f reedom can be found anywhere on ea r th , the f reedom to k i l l people; a k i n d of game l icense tha t never exp i r e s . "

A whi te T e x a n adds, i n the N . Y . Globe: " T h e l as t issue of CRISIS repeats w h a t

your paper h a d to say about the doings i n Geo rg i a . I f the press cont inues to con­demn lynch ings and b u r n i n g s as i t has done of late, those ba rba rous acts w i l l soon be a t h i n g of the past . Con t inue to w r i t e aga ins t th is c r ime u n t i l i t is s t amped out. The pub l i c has been mis l ed by two m i s ­guided fo rmer governors . Once the pub l i c considers l y n c h i n g d i sg race fu l , then i t w i l l cease. Y o u r s aga ins t l y n c h i n g a n d b u r n ­ings .

" R A Y M O N D VERINMORET." Den ton , T e x .

The A u g u s t a (Ga . ) Chronicle is fighting the good fight:

" W e are not g o i n g to pu t a n end to l y n c h ­i n g i n G e o r g i a as l o n g as we cont inue to t r y to e x p l a i n .

" T h e one w a y to stop such ' a n a r c h y and t reason '—as J u d g e L a m b d i n so w e l l char ­ac ter ized i t — i s to a d m i t tha t there is no sor t of excuse f o r i t ; and then, ho ld the lynchers as w e l l as t h e i r v i c t i m s s t r i c t l y accountable to the l a w . "

T H E L O O K I N G G L A S S 23

M e a n t i m e " a n a r c h y and t r eason" flourish ; a wh i t e D a l l a s , Texas , preacher wr i t e s to the Western Recorder:

" I n th i s l a t i tude i t is not a c r ime to k i l l a N e g r o . I n m a n y sections, i t is ra ther a v i r t u e . T h e r e are doubtless m a n y of­ficers who t h i n k i t a d i s t inc t ion to k i l l a N e g r o , and thus begin to cut notches on the handles of the i r guns. A n y whi te man of any class, at any t ime, under any c i r ­cumstances , can w a l k up the streets i n any sou thern t own and m u r d e r any N e g r o , f r o m the h ighes t to the lowest, and every man a m o n g us, both whi te and black, knows tha t th is m u r d e r e r w i l l never be punished. I f there are exceptions, they on ly prove the ru le . P e r s o n a l l y , I know of no excep­t ions. E v e n i f the m u r d e r e r is indic ted , w h i c h is not probable, he w i l l be acqui t ted by the average j u r y . On the other hand , i f any N e g r o i n the Sou th k i l l s any whi te m a n under any c i rcumstances , no mat te r i f the wh i t e m a n is en t i r e ly i n the w r o n g the N e g r o w i l l be p r o m p t l y mobbed, or speedi ly executed accord ing to the forms of l a w . "

E v e n unde r the E n g l i s h flag th is mob l a w spreads. T h e Christian Express, South A f r i c a , s a y s :

" A t the recent C r i m i n a l Sessions at G r a h a m s t o w n , when a E u r o p e a n f a r m e r was acqui t ted by a E u r o p e a n j u r y on a charge of m u r d e r a r i s i n g out of the death of a Basu to catt le herder who h a d been k i l l e d w h i l e i n the f a rmer ' s employment and the body h idden away , the Judge Pres iden t found i t his d u t y to express his disagree­ment w i t h the f ind ing . Never theless the acqu i t t a l was received w i t h applause. The inc ident ca l l s a t tent ion afresh to a scan­dalous s i tua t ion i n the a d m i n i s t e r i n g of jus t i ce between E u r o p e a n s and N a t i v e s , aga ins t w h i c h we have a g a i n and aga in protested. T o put i t p l a i n l y , i f a E u r o p e a n i n the U n i o n of Sou th A f r i c a is charged w i t h the m u r d e r of a N a t i v e , the E u r o p e a n j u r y , by w h i c h alone he can be t r i ed , w i l l not convic t h i m . "

B i s h o p W . A . C a n d l e r w a r n s the South aga ins t one proposed r emedy :

" T h e remedy f o r the ev i l of l y n c h i n g is not the i n c i t i n g of cour ts to y i e l d to the mob b y a d o p t i n g processes of indecent haste, bu t the p r e a c h i n g of a crusade aga ins t mob l a w of every k i n d and m o v i n g the people to reverence l a w a n d m a i n t a i n o r d e r l y government . W i t h o u t popu la r de­

vot ion to l a w and order c i v i l i z a t i o n is not possible; and when c i v i l i z a t i o n has per­ished under the ru ins of government , on ly the s t rong , who can , by money or other means, protect themselves, w i l l be safe. Whoso l i fe is secure when the poorest and most f r iendless man i n the l a n d cannot shie ld h imse l f aga ins t passion and p re ju ­dice w i t h the s t rong defenses of the l a w s ? "

The N e w Y o r k E v e n i n g Globe says to the Governor of G e o r g i a :

" I t is difficult to make out j u s t wha t 'more s t r ingen t l aws ' Gove rnor H a r r i s has i n m i n d . L y n c h i n g is murde r and murde r is a c r ime . A t least i t is so considered i n every c iv i l i zed count ry , and we believe tha t Georg i a , supposedly a c i v i l i z e d state i n a c iv i l i zed count ry , has a l a w on her s tatute books m a k i n g murde r a cap i t a l offense. T h i s be ing so, wha t more can Governor H a r r i s ask?

" A l l the laws i n the universe w i l l not a v a i l to stop l y n c h i n g i f they are not en­forced. A s l ong as those who go i n fo r mob l a w know tha t they can give free re in to the i r passions wi thou t fea r of pun i sh ­ment l y n c h i n g never w i l l be s tamped out. There is a t ime f o r speech and there is a t ime f o r ac t ion, and the t ime fo r speech in Georg ia is over ."

The M o n t g o m e r y Advertiser w r i t e s : " W h o are we, tha t we v i l l i f y R u s s i a fo r

its c rue l ty? W e have excor ia ted G e o r g i a for i ts depress ing record in mob and per­sonal violence. L y n c h i n g is a c r ime whether commit ted i n A l a b a m a or Geo rg i a . A l a b a m a has no reason to p lume i t se l f on i ts respect f o r l a w and order when we are on ly less g u i l t y i n that we do not have as many lynch ings as Georg ia does.

" T h e usua l excuse fo r l y n c h i n g was miss­i n g i n the S u m t e r county affair . The N e g r o boy had not commit ted 'the u sua l c r ime. ' H e had not even commit ted m u r ­der. The apologists fo r l y n c h i n g , i n th is case, can not take refuge i n the exp lana t ion of such a c r ime of violence, by boas t ing tha t they were p ro tec t ing the honor o f the i r women.-"

H o w f a r r each ing the mob s p i r i t goes is shown i n an abs t rac t f r o m a N e w Y o r k E v e n i n g Post correspondent , w r i t i n g f r o m Tuskegee :

" T h e whi te element here is a force w h i c h is by no means negl ig ib le . I t m u s t be re­membered tha t a l though there has been a notable advance in recent years the over-

24

c o m i n g of race pre judice has by no means been achieved. F r o m the poin t of v i ew of the Sou the rn whi te , such an i n s t i t u t i o n fo r N e g r o educat ion as Tuskegee is on ly per­mi t t ed on good behavior , and any suspic ion tha t the N e g r o was f o r g e t t i n g to ' know his p lace ' w o u l d lead to t roub le . "

B a c k of a l l th is l y n c h i n g s p i r i t l ie facts l ike these w h i c h a colored pe t i t ion to the mayor a n d counci l of A t l a n t a enumera tes :

" W e are t axed to suppor t a n d supp ly a c i t y l i b r a r y fo r the whi te c i t izens , and we cannot get a book f r o m it .

" W e are taxed to b u i l d and suppor t h i g h schools for your whi te boys a n d g i r l s , wh i l e we mus t pay $2.50 a month i n p r i v a t e schools fo r h i g h school t r a i n i n g fo r our boys and g i r l s . In f o r t y years we have pa id $600,000 for this purpose.

" W e suppor t technica l schools for your whi te boys, and business schools fo r your whi te g i r l s and have no such places fo r our boys and g i r l s .

" W e are t axed to suppor t pa rk s and s w i m m i n g pools fo r your ch i ld ren a n d we have no p rov i s ion made fo r our ch i ld ren .

" Y o u have passed segregat ion l aws to compel us to l ive i n filthy and muddy streets and a l leys , wh i l e the coun t ry roads miles f r o m the c i t y are paved. See pa r t s of Chestnut , W a l n u t , Sun-Set A v e n u e , B a k e r , H i l l i a r d , f r o m A u b u r n to I r w i n , A u b u r n Avenue , f r o m H i l l i a r d to Southern R a i l r o a d , H o w e l l f r o m I r w i n to H i g h l a n d A v e n u e , and hundreds of other streets i n the segregated d i s t r i c t s tha t are disgraces to any town.

" F a i r n e s s , patience and good w i l l are more power fu l than laws . The sooner our whi te f r iends l ea rn tha t the better i t w i l l be fo r us a l l . "

The Greensboro, N . C , News minces no w o r d s :

" H o w can N o r t h C a r o l i n a , fo r instance, go into the court of nor thern publ ic op in­ion and plead tha t she means w e l l by the N e g r o and w i l l deal j u s t l y w i t h h i m as l ong as the c r ime of W a y n e county goes unavenged? H o w can the South , as a whole, p lead fo r a free hand in dea l ing w i t h the N e g r o wh i l e G e o r g i a d r ip s w i t h his blood? W e have a vas t pre judice to overcome i n the N o r t h , bu t i t is not a l l p re jud ice ; and every t ime one of these as­sass ina t ions takes place the problem be­comes harder .

T H E C R I S I S

" I t is the i m m u t a b l e l a w of the un ive r se tha t no c r ime goes unpun i shed . O u r hands are s ta ined w i t h blood, a n d there is a ter­r ib le p r e s u m p t i o n t ha t some of i t i s i nno ­cent blood. W e have p a i d f o r i t a l r eady , p a i d i n more w a y s t han we know_ a n d a p r ice g rea te r t han most of us i m a g i n e . W e have p a i d f o r i t m i l l i o n s u p o n uncounted m i l l i o n s of m o n e y ; we have p a i d f o r i t i n the p r o s t i t u t i o n of ou r sys tem of j u s t i ce and a g r o w i n g contempt f o r a l l l a w ; w o r s t of a l l , we have p a i d f o r i t i n a c o a r s e n i n g of our m o r a l fiber to such a degree tha t now repor t s o f such h o r r o r s rouse i n us only a l a n g u i d interest .

" B u t there is no assurance tha t the score is sett led yet. P a r t of the p a y m e n t is the a l i ena t ion of the s y m p a t h y of ou r o w n race i n the N o r t h , so tha t they are p r e t t y sure to leave us to f ight our bat t le w i t h o u t help or encouragement f r o m them. I t m a y eas i ly come to pass tha t the p a y m e n t w i l l inc lude another s t rugg le worse t h a n the one of the las t genera t ion . Is i t not t ime to qui t r u n n i n g up the a c c o u n t ? "

SOLDIERS AND SOLDIERS A C O R R E S P O N D E N T of the C h i c a g o

Tribune says of the w a r i n E a s t A f r i c a :

" I t s ta r ted eighteen months or more ago, on a r e l a t i v e l y s m a l l scale, bu t has by de­grees developed into a b i g w a r , the f o r ­tunes of w h i c h a re l i k e l y to affect the whole d a r k cont inent fo r a t least a c en tu ry to come.

" T h i s is due to the a r m i n g of the b lacks . W h a t I mean by the " b l a c k s " are not those oft a d m i r a b l y d i s c ip l i ned na t i ve t roops commanded by w h i t e officers, bu t v a r i o u s N e g r o and N e g r o i d t r ibes , who , en t i r e ly barbarous and w i t h no i n s t r u c t i o n wha t so ­ever, are lef t free to use a r m s and a m m u ­n i t i on w h o l l y w i t h o u t con t ro l .

" T h e b lacks ou tnumber the whi tes i n a l l pa r t s of A f r i c a i n such o v e r w h e l m i n g fash­ion t ha t the danger of t he i r r i s i n g a g a i n s t the E u r o p e a n s has a l w a y s been r ega rded as a g r o w i n g p e r i l , f u l l of menace to the cause of c i v i l i z a t i o n . T o a v e r t i t a l l sorts of t reat ies have been made, p r o h i b i t i n g the i m p o r t a t i o n of a rms and a m m u n i t i o n s in to A f r i c a fo r sale to the na t ives , and c a r e f u l w a t c h has been m a i n t a i n e d by a l l those powers possessed of colonies in the d a r k cont inent . "

T H E L O O K I N G G L A S S 25

The Sp r ing f i e ld Republican s a y s : " T h e r e are no better soldiers than the

Negroes . L e t Congress heed the appeal of the N a t i o n a l A s s o c i a t i o n f o r the Advancement of the Colored People by p r o v i d i n g tha t some of the new regiments to be added to the r e g u l a r a r m y s h a l l be made up of N e g r o c i t izens . T h e fou r N e g r o regiments now i n the a r m y have made excel lent rec­ords as fighters. I t m i g h t be urged , also, t ha t the r e c r u i t i n g of Negroes wou ld be c o m p a r a t i v e l y easy. G i v e the b lack race the chance and i t w o u l d f u r n i s h a la rge a r m y f o r the coun t ry—yes , even the coun­t r y tha t c r u e l l y lynches N e g r o offenders w i thou t w a r r a n t of l a w . "

T h e r e is a connect ion between these two ar t ic les w h i c h even the b l i n d may see.

EDUCATION THE whi te Sou th is c o n t i n u a l l y ins is t ­

i n g tha t Recons t ruc t ion gave no th ing but e v i l to the Sou th . W h e n i t has been repeatedly poin ted out tha t N e g r o suffrage gave the Sou th publ ic schools, democrat ic government , a n d the beg inn ings of a new socia l l eg i s l a t ion , the answer has u sua l ly been a hoot of der i s ion . I t is i n t e re s t ing then to find a southern w r i t e r , E . W . K n i g h t , i n the South Atlantic Quarterly r e n d e r i n g r a the r u n w i l l i n g proofs of our content ions. H e says of V i r g i n i a :

" T h e elect ion of delegates to a conven­t i o n to f r ame a cons t i tu t ion fo r the state, ca l led under the Recons t ruc t ion A c t of M a r c h 2, 1867, was held October 18th to 21st of tha t year . The official r eg i s t r a t ion showed 120,101 whi te and 105,832 colored vo te r s ; bu t about 44,000 whi tes who h a d regis tered f a i l e d to vote and the vote was o therwise so d i s t r ibu ted as to give the Negroes a decided advantage . The convention met i n R i c h m o n d December 3 rd . Its com­pos i t ion was a l together un l ike a n y t h i n g ever before seen i n a cons t i tu t iona l or leg is ­l a t i ve body o f the State . O f the 105 mem­bers more than a score were Negroes . "

T h e commit tee on educat ion contained three w h i t e conservat ives , five whi te r a d i ­cals , and three Negroes . T h e rad ica l s and the Negroes i m m e d i a t e l y offered resolut ions l o o k i n g t o w a r d " a system of common school educat ion to be suppor ted by the Sta te ." The proposed a r t i c l e on educat ion p r o v i d ­i n g " the usua l fea tures of a modern school s y s t e m " were submi t ted to the convent ion J a n u a r y 28th a n d were even tua l ly adopted. T h e first l eg i s l a tu r e met October 5th, 1869,

w i t h twenty-seven N e g r o members. T h i s leg is la ture put into execut ion the school sys tem provided by the Cons t i t u t i on , J u l y 11th, 1870. "For the first lime in our history Virginia had a thorough-going and fairly adequate school law." T h e ch ie f satisfaction tha t the whi te southern au thor of th is a r t i c le is able to get out of i t is that some of the more r a d i c a l Negroes f a i l e d i n the i r consis tent fight to make the pub l i c schools of V i r g i n i a not on ly free, but w i t h ­out color d i s c r i m i n a t i o n of any sort .

T u r n i n g to present educat ional mat te rs the ed i to r i a l i n the C o l u m b i a (S . C.) States is i l l u m i n a t i n g :

" I n the las t school year the per capita expendi ture fo r each wh i t e c h i l d enrol led i n the publ ic schools of Sou th C a r o l i n a was $16.22 and f o r each N e g r o ch i l d $1.93. O n the in jus t ice of this d i sp ropor t ion one m i g h t d i la te . A la rge p a r t of a l l taxes is p a i d by labor—there are those who say tha t the whole t ax load u l t i m a t e l y is c a r r i e d by l a ­bor—and the m a j o r i t y of the laborers i n this State are Negroes . I t is ce r ta in , how­ever, tha t the Negroes are p a y i n g i n d i rec t taxes f o r educat ion nea r ly as much as is re turned to N e g r o schools.

" U n l e s s i t is the w i s h and the resolut ion of those who cont ro l the affairs of South C a r o l i n a that the Negroes sha l l r e m a i n i n ignorance , the facts are too p l a i n f o r de­n i a l tha t the state is f a i l i n g egregious ly i n its educat ional po l icy so f a r as these people are considered. 'The money now expended fo r N e g r o educat ion, ' the state super in tend­ent of educat ion asserts, ' i s l a r g e l y was ted ' and to the whi te people of the state he puts this ques t ion : ' C a n we longer a l l ow this l a rge element i n our popu la t ion to fo l low the i r present pract ices and to r ema in i n the i r present cond i t ion? '

" T h e question ought to pu t men to th ink­i n g . W h e n the Negroes were slaves a s m a l l number of whi te men were w e a l t h y and of most of them the wea l th was more appar ­ent than rea l . M e a n t i m e the compet i t ion of s lave labor held thousands of whi te men i n pover ty . I t is a per t inent i n q u i r y now whether or not the emanc ipa t ion of the Negroes has removed the shackles f r o m the whites .

"So l ong as the N e g r o s h a l l be i g n o r a n t his s t andard of l i v i n g w i l l be low a n d his wage low. O n l y those w i l l profi t f r o m his labor who know how to exp lo i t i t , who have

20 T H E C R I S I S

the m a n a g e r i a l a b i l i t y to use u n s k i l l e d labor i n numbers on p lan ta t ions a n d i n other considerable i n d u s t r i a l un i t s . T h e inevi tab le resul t is that u n s k i l l e d whi te labor , though i t be n a t u r a l l y more i n t e l l i ­gent and w i l l s t rugg le to m a i n t a i n a h ighe r l i v i n g s t andard , w i l l be forced to accept the Negro ' s wage and descend to the N e g r o ' s l i v i n g leve l . T h i s is the economic process now go ing on here i n South C a r o l i n a , mod i ­fied i n considerable degree by the a r t i f i c i a l segregat ion of wh i t e labor i n t r a n s p o r t a ­t ion , the text i le i n d u s t r y and other occupa­t ions i n the ci t ies and towns. M e a n w h i l e , the unsk i l l ed whi te labor i n the r u r a l dis­t r i c t s f rom w h i c h there is s teady inf low to the towns as i t is d r iven f r o m the f a r m s by N e g r o compet i t ion is a constant menace to the wage scale of the whole l abor a l r eady segregated."

The B i r m i n g h a m , A l a . , Ledger w r i t i n g about b lack fo lk s ays :

" T h e rea l object and purpose of educat ion is, or should be, to equip the beneficiary for better and more produc t ive work . A s soon as he gets i n his head tha t he is being-educated so he won ' t have to w o r k he should be excluded f r o m any p a r t i c i p a t i o n i n educat ion a t the cost of the publ ic or even of deluded fana t ics on the subject of N e g r o up l i f t and advancement ."

T h e Independent, N . Y . , w r i t i n g about whi te fo lk says :

" M o s t teachers i n domestic science and most people who speak and w r i t e on the subject of household efficiency take the at­t i tude that the resul t of increased efficiency in housekeeping w i l l be to reduce the cost of l i v i n g , to make domest ic i ty more sat is­f y i n g to women, and to keep the home the center of communi ty l i f e . None of these th ings w i l l i n e v i t a b l y fo l low. The rea l ob­ject of i n c r e a s i n g home efficiency is to get r i d of housework—to t r a n s f o r m as much as possible of i t into communi ty work , and to boi l down the rest to an i r reduc ib le m i n i ­m u m , so tha t women m a y have a chance to do some of the other th ings , f rom regu­l a t i n g the gas supp ly to s u p e r v i s i n g the schools, t ha t need to be done i n a coun t ry tha t is t r y i n g to become a democracy. F o r no in teres t i n clubs, sports o r society, no

• suffrage ag i t a t ion or f emin i s t p ropaganda w i l l so effectually undomest icate and so­cia l ize women as the s imple expedient of c u t t i n g the cable of household d rudge ry tha t has h i ther to t ied them to the house.

E v e r y new a p p a r a t u s f o r house c l e a n i n g , every s a t i s f a c t o r i l y p r e p a r e d food , e v e r y l a u n d r y w h i c h washes the clothes as w e l l as ' M a g g i e ' at the w a s h tub , e v e r y i n v e n ­t ion f r o m the electr ic egg-beater to the mach ine to d a r n s tock ings is a d i rec t step t o w a r d women 's p o l i t i c a l , soc ia l a n d indus ­t r i a l en f ranch i sement f o r a l a r g e r use fu l ­ness."

W e append two c l i p p i n g s w i t h o u t com­m e n t :

" S p e l m a n S e m i n a r y , a m i s s i o n school f o r N e g r o g i r l s , a t A t l a n t a , G a . , celebrates i t s t h i r t y - f i f t h a n n i v e r s a r y t o - m o r r o w a n d F r i d a y . I n a le t te r sent out b y the Seminary, i t is suggested tha t donat ions to the endowment f u n d w o u l d be fitting a n n i ­v e r s a r y g i f t s . I n f o r m a t i o n about the school m a y be obta ined f r o m M i s s L u c y H a l e T a p l e y , p res iden t . "

— N . Y . Evening Post ( W h i t e ) . " S p e l m a n S e m i n a r y has a h o s p i t a l depar t ­

ment es tabl ished f o r N e g r o pa t ien ts , p re ­sumab ly i ts own pup i l s and teachers . T h e s t range t h i n g about th i s N e g r o h o s p i t a l , w i t h N e g r o pa t ients and N e g r o nurses , is tha t no N e g r o p h y s i c i a n can operate on h i s own pat ient . I f tha t p h y s i c i a n chooses to go there w h i l e the opera t ion is to be per­fo rmed , he m a y on ly s i t by a n d see the opera t ion pe r fo rmed by a wh i t e p h y s i c i a n , who m a y be his i n f e r i o r i n the w o r k to be done as w e l l as the prac t ice and e x p e r i ­ence."

The A t l a n t a (Ga . ) Post ( C o l o r e d ) . A d d to these this b i t f r o m a cor respond­

ent i n the Ch icago Evening Post w r i t i n g of T h i n g s tha t B e :

" I t is t rue, as stated, tha t there are some hundreds of men and women ca r c leaners who, becoming- dissat isf ied w i t h the wages p a i d them and the w o r k i n g condi t ions of the company, decided to enforce t he i r de­mands f o r h i g h e r wages and a change of condi t ions by w a l k i n g out a n d l e a v i n g the company at a v e r y g rea t d i sadvan tage , and that the i r places have been filled b y colored men and women. B u t i t is also t rue tha t h a d thei r p lans not m i s c a r r i e d and h a d they succeeded i n be ing recognized b y u n i o n l a ­bor o rgan iza t ions p r i o r to t he i r wa lk ing-out, we w o u l d no doubt have h a d a repe t i ­t ion of the n o w famous Debs s t r i k e had these same colored men and w o m e n even a t tempted to q u a l i f y f o r the pos i t ion thus vacated .

" N o w i f M r . W a l s h is f a i r — a n d at pres­ent w r i t i n g I have no reason to bel ieve

T H E L O O K I N G G L A S S 27

h i m otherwise—does he not know tha t there is a l a r g e and ever - inc reas ing a r m y of un ­employed colored men and women i n th is g rea t cosmopol i tan c i ty , and fu r the r , tha t they a re not so by choice, bu t by the pre­sc r ip t ions placed upon them by r a c i a l and labor condi t ions?

" I n other words , as long as the fo rmer ca r c leaners were satisfied w i t h the wages received and the condi t ions under wh ich they labored, i t was impossible fo r a co l ­ored m a n or w o m a n to g a i n employment i n tha t depar tment . T h e n , how could they be supposed to sympath ize w i t h fo rmer em­ployees or to refuse, when the oppor tun i ty came to take vacan t places? A n d w h y should they be termed ' s t r ikebreakers ' f o r se i z ing an o p p o r t u n i t y to earn thei r d a i l y b r e a d ? "

MISCEGENATION S A Y S the St . P a u l ( M i n n . ) Appeal, a

colored o r g a n : " T h e South , t ha t is the whi te South , is

not opposed to r a c i a l admix tu r e , bu t be ing at hear t t ho rough ly i m m o r a l i t ins is ts tha t the m i x i n g be done i n an i l l ega l manner .

" T h e m i x i n g w h i c h has a l ready been ac­compl ished was s ta r ted by the whi te South . I t began i n the days of s l ave ry , when the wh i t e mas te r forced the black slave women to bear ch i ld r en , who fol lowed the condi­t ion of the i r mothers and became slaves. A f ew masters manumi t t ed the i r half-breed ch i ld ren , but they were the exceptions to the genera l ru le . M a n y masters made a prac t ice of b reed ing the i r own of fspr ing fo r sale and i n t ime the r a i s i n g of ch i ld ren fo r the s lave marke t s became a recognized southern i ndus t ry .

" S i n c e the abol i t ion of s l avery , the whi te Sou th , c l a i m i n g C h r i s t as i ts g u i d i n g s tar , has enacted l aws m a k i n g C h r i s t i a n m a r ­r i age a fe lony, thus d i r ec t ly a i d i n g i m ­m o r a l i t y . T h e whi te South has i n every w a y endeavored to h u m i l i a t e and degrade its colored people the m a j o r i t y of w h o m have more or less Caucas i an b lood."

THE "SURVIVAL OF THE FITTEST"

L O R D B R Y C E , i n his H u x l e y lecture, r ecen t ly de l ivered i n B i r m i n g h a m ,

E n g l a n d , is thus quoted in p a r t by the N . Y . Times:

" T h e r e never was a doctr ine w h i c h those who adopted i t could not find

some theory or some au tho r i t y to j u s t i f y . People used to go to the B i b l e for texts w h i c h would sanc t i fy the i r conduct. N o w they genera l ly go to n a t u r a l science. I remember a t ime when s l ave ry was de­fended by quo t ing Noah ' s dec la ra t ion tha t H a m , or r a the r C a n a a n , the son of H a m , should serve h i s elder brother , H a m being assumed to have been the progen i to r of the N e g r o race. A more r emarkab le instance was the p r o m u l g a t i o n of a v iew tha t the A f r i c a n N e g r o was not r e a l l y a m a n at a l l . The first t ime I ever saw or heard the d i s t ingu i shed w r i t e r and teacher i n whose honor this H u x l e y lec ture has been founded was i n 1864, when he was del iv­e r i n g a lecture at the R o y a l Col lege of Surgeons on H u m a n A n a t o m y , i n w h i c h he demolished and dismissed w i t h i nd ignan t scorn a rguments founded on the s t ruc ture of the bones, w h i c h were intended to prove that the N e g r o was an an thropo id ape. W e must not be su rp r i sed i f today a na t ion , w h i c h is no th ing i f not scientific, seeks and finds i n w h a t is cal led the D a r w i n i a n doc­t r ine of n a t u r a l selection proofs of the v iew tha t the e l imina t ion of the weak by the s t rong is the method by w h i c h progress is a t ta ined i n the social and po l i t i c a l , no less than i n the b io logica l sphere."

A n d then, th is i n the New Republic f r om the hand of R o l a n d G . U s h e r :

"Those of us i n St . L o u i s who l ike to be­lieve tha t we s tand f o r democracy, ideal ­i s m and jus t ice , who look back upon the h i s to ry of the A m e r i c a n people as one of noble achievement i n pursuance of the ideal of l i be r ty and freedom, are immeasurab ly shocked by the adoption of the segregat ion ordinance on F e b r u a r y 29. There are l i t ­e r a l l y no redeeming features. The i n i t i a ­t ive , intended to protect the people agains t in jus t ice and oppression, i n almost i ts first use became the ins t rument of intolerance and prejudice. N o other issues in te r fe red w i t h the judgmen t of the electorate. A specia l election removed a l l poss ib i l i ty tha t the resul t was i n any w a y influenced by any considera t ion i n d i r e c t l y associated w i t h segregat ion. The o v e r w h e l m i n g m a ­j o r i t y by w h i c h i t won sufficiently proves the condi t ion of publ ic sent iment i n the f o u r t h c i t y of the U n i t e d States. N o t t h rough a t h i n pretense of our supposed democracy and idea l i sm was th rus t th is hideous figure of avar ice , ignorance and pre judice ."

Editorial S H A W

Y E S : I should l ike to wri te a play showing that the South is really ruled by the Negro wi th a hideous

tyranny just as the prisoners in a prison dominate everything—dictate the daily habits of the jailers, oppress and obsess their imaginations, color their consciences, force them to share their imprisonment and yet give them none of the prisoners' freedom from care and responsibility. But I am not a Southern white, and nobody else could do it, and I cannot do every­thing.

" G . B E R N A R D S H A W .

M R . J O H N P H I L I P S O U S A

MR. S O U S A is furnishing popular music at the New Y o r k Hippodrome. Re­cently he has been the vic­

t im of a terrible mistake and the C R I S I S hastens to offer deep-felt sym­pathy. It seems that in the " M a r c h of States" a sickening mistake has been made by a Georgia colonel whose eyesight was probably defective and who thought Georgia was represented by dangling bodies of lynched Ne­groes. The mistake as M r . Sousa plaintively says: "Has very nearly broken my heart for the reason that I, who am responsible for the music of the 'March of the States' at the New Y o r k Hippodrome, was born south of the Mason and Dixon line, and secondly, one of my pet theories has gone to smash. I have always believed that music had a story-telling quality. The group of gir ls repre­senting Nevada come on the stage dangling effigies of their respective husbands and dance to the tunes of ' I 'm On M y Way to Reno' and 'Good-

28

bye, Sweetheart, Good-bye.' H o w any one can mistake them for Georgia gir ls is beyond my comprehension.

" In 'The M a r c h of the States' Georgia is represented i n music by that good old tune known as ' A Georgia Camp Meeting, ' and the g i r l s of your beloved State are costumed in a garb that suggests cotton from its spr ing green to its fu l l bloom."

Spr ing green to its fu l l b loom! We would almost l ike to insist that a few Negroes depending from the boughs of near-by trees would have loaned a certain realism to the scene, but we know that the Southern heart of M r . Sousa could not possibly stand any such delicate suggestion. O h ! this cruel, cruel, W o r l d !

T H E P A G E A N T

ONE hundred years ago, in 1816, the first General Conference of the A f r i c a n Methodist Episcopal church met i n

Philadelphia. The first movement toward the founding of this church took place i n 1787 when R icha rd Allen and Absalom Jones, resenting the treatment they had received i n the white Methodist church, wi thdrew. Jones became the first colored Episcopal priest in A m e r i c a and A l l e n founded the A f r i c a n Methodist Episcopal church. It was not, however, unti l a generation later that there were enough churches and confer­ences to call a General Conference of this church. It is fitting that its Centennial Conference should be cele­brated in some s t r ik ing manner and the General Conference Committee has asked the Hor izon Gu i ld to pre­sent again the Pageant, the "Star of E th iop ia . "

Th is pageant has been given in New Y o r k and i n Washington wi th

E D I T O R I A L 29

s t r ik ing success. It is planned to make i t even more successful in Philadelphia. Twelve hundred and fifty actors and singers are to be used and the pageant w i l l be presented three nights, Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday, M a y 16, 18 and 20, at the great Convention H a l l which seats 15,000 people. There can be no doubt that this w i l l be a notable occasion.

D E M O C R A C Y N E A R L Y every s c h o o l b o y

knows the quotation printed on the Liber ty Bel l which rang in the independence of

the Uni ted States: "Proc la im L i b ­erty throughout the Land and to the inhabitants thereof." If these chi l ­

dren or any other Amer ican were asked for the source of this quotation they would make various guesses, but they certainly would not contribute it to E th iop ia .

M r . John E . Milhol land has recently been stressing the fact that this cele­brated quotation was the word of Jethro, the father-in-law of Moses, a priest of M i d i a n and an "Eth iop ian ." The curious may find in the book of Exodus, chapter X V I I I , the excel­lent plan of democratic government

laid down by Jethro, and although there seems to have been some racial prejudice, the Hebrew legend brings out the anger of the L o r d against those who dared speak against the dark wife of Moses. In modern com­memoration of this ancient, priest, M r . Milhol land has founded in At lant ic Ci ty , N . J . , a Jethro Memoria l Church.

T H E N E G R O C O L L E G E

THE General Education Board has again shown by its ap­propriations that i t does not believe in the higher educa­

tion of Negroes, and that i t does not propose to support their institu­tions to any great extent. Under grudging and almost impossible con­ditions i t has given small sums to F i s k Univers i ty and s t i l l smaller sums to a few other colleges; but for the most part, while encouraging the t ra in ing of talent among whites, Nor th and South, it gives simply sops for common school and industrial t ra in ing to the black South. This year Calhoun, F o r t Val ley and Manassas received in a l l $9,000. They are excellent schools, but they are do­ing for the most part work which the Southern States ought to do. The Jeanes F u n d gets $10,000 from the General Education Board, and "Home Makers" clubs among Negroes get $16,250.

A l l these objects are worthy. We have not a word to say against them. But what the General Education Board ought to do is to give an en­dowment of half a mil l ion to F i sk , Atlanta and Howard , and thus show to the world that Amer ica is not afraid of trained Negro brains.

F L O R I D A

THE land of flowers presents today perhaps the most i n ­teresting industr ial problem so far as colored people are

concerned that can be found in the country. Black men and white

30 T H E C R I S I S

"crackers" are pouring into the State. The black men have a good industr ial foothold in agriculture, in business and in the trades, par t icular ly in c i ­gar-making. They have an excellent chance here owing to the fact that they work side by side in the same establishments wi th white West Indians. Nevertheless, the effort to beat them back industr ial ly has a l ­ready begun. Slowly but surely they are being forced out of the cigar trade. Here is a chance for practical industrial t r a in ing ; usually colored students are trained in decadent or poorly-paid trades. W h y do not the colored people establish in Tampa a school of cigar-making? They could put brains and money in such an es­tablishment and save a great and well-paid industry to their race.

S O C I A L E Q U A L I T Y THE Southern white man who

writes the Outlook editorials on the Negro said recently: "The social intimacy (or so-

called social equality that some disloyal Negroes have craved and the sort of politics that created the evils of the Reconstruction era, have been the two main causes of the race complication." This is as flat a falsehood as could easily be told. The cause of the difficulties in Reconstruction was the determination of the white South to re-enslave Negroes, and the determination of the Negroes to be really free.

The wri ter goes on to say that the late Booker T. Washington believed that "the only social intimacy the Negro required was that open to h im among his own people." This is not true. No Amer ican Negro ever ac­cepted so much social recognition as M r . Washington. He dined wi th white men and women, he sat in the parlors of his white friends, he was entertained at their homes, he met and conferred wi th them on all possi­ble social occasions. W h y did he do this? Because ho craved their com-

pany? No. He did i t for the reason given by the late Justice L a m a r of the Uni ted States Supreme Court , a Miss iss ippian and a Confederate: Justice Lamar , in a speech made several years before his appointment to the bench, in speaking of the Negro problem, sa id : " H e can only be elevated by education—not the mere education of books, but the education that comes from contact w i t h the 'superior mind. ' " Wherever that "superior mind"- is found the Negro w i l l be found. Sometimes i t is found in a white s k i n ; sometimes i t is found in a black s k i n ; but any social l i fe which tries to forbid common con­tact of human minds is not only wrong and dangerous but in the long run it is impossible.

T H E B A P T I S T S

THE article on the Baptis ts in. the A p r i l C R I S I S was wri t ten wi th some hesitation. It is always easier for a periodi­

cal to be silent than to speak out on controversial subjects; but the Baptist church is too large and means too much to the mass of Amer i can Negroes for silence on their present di ­vision. We have received, therefore, the fol lowing letter f rom Miss Nannie H . Burroughs, corresponding sec­retary of the Women's Convention of the Nat ional Bapt is t Convention, wi th deep appreciat ion:

"I note that you give space to the Baptist controversy in the A p r i l num­ber of the C R I S I S and I want to thank you for the f a i r analysis of the case as I find i t summed up on page 316.

" Y o u are positively r ight when you say that ' i t is a factional fight w i th something of r ight and something of wrong on either side.'

"I am w r i t i n g to call your attention to the fact that in our l i t t le paper sent under this cover we are appeal­ing to the men on both sides to settle their differences as becometh Christians.

31 E D I T O R I A L

"I know the C R I S I S cannot give al l its space to this Baptis t wrangle, but I believe you would be making a valu­able contribution to a worthy cause by s imply cal l ing attention to the fact that there is a large number of Baptists who are work ing for Peace. E v e n the men who are fighting have been fa i r enough to say that we are moving in the r ight direction and that it would be well for the denomination to listen to our appeal. We are ask­ing editors and persons in position to help us."

A short account of the movement referred to is printed elsewhere in this number. Now let the strong men of the Baptist church get behind this peace movement. It must succeed. It w i l l succeed i f we make it succeed.

T O T H E R E S C U E THE colored troops are leading

i n the Mexican foray. It is a foolish venture. Just the k ind of mistake that we are

beginning to think is characteristic of the Wilson administration. Nevertheless "Their 's not to reason why," and consequently the Tenth Cavalry wi th Major Young in command of the Second Squadron is now in Mexico. A s one report says: "Especial credit should be given the Tenth." Then, too, the Twenty-fourth, another col­ored regiment, has been called to sup­port the movement. So in Amer ica , in Europe and in A f r i c a black men are fighting for the liberties of white men and pul l ing their chestnuts out of the fire. One of these bright mornings black men are going to learn how to fight for themselves.

" N O N R E T U R N A B L E " THE C R I S I S beginning wi th the

M a y number becomes a "non-returnable" magazine. This may not mean much to

the general reader, but every pub­lisher knows that this means a mile­stone in the progress of a publication. A t first every magazine and periodical

is compelled to send copies to agents with the understanding that unsold copies may be returned. If the agent is careful and business-like very few copies w i l l come back, but careless agents may make a publisher pr int hundreds and even thousands more copies than the public demands sim­ply by overestimating their abil i ty to dispose of them. The result is a seri­ous loss to the publisher and difficulty in estimating his real circulation.

The C R I S I S agents are a picked set of unusually efficient persons, and as a matter of fact dur ing the last three years very few magazines have been returned. It was, therefore, an easy matter for us to introduce the new rule that al l magazines ordered here­after are to be paid for, and that agents must exercise care and busi­ness insight in making their orders. Thus we make another forward step in efficiency and good service.

F R O M A F O R M E R G O V E R N O R O F H A W A I I

DEAR S I R : Enclosed please find my

check for $101.00, as I wish to contribute $100.00 to the

work of your Association, and send $1.00 for a year's subscription to the C R I S I S beginning wi th the A p r i l num­ber to be sent to the above address.

I do this after having seen for the first time in my life a copy of the C R I S I S and after reading your Sixth Annua l Report. Hav ing lived in Hawaii and having brought wi th me a. colored chauffeur while spending the winter here both of us are surprised at what we learn of the treatment of the Negro.

G E O R G E R. C A R T E R .

S A L U T A T I O N S

WE confess to strong and per­fectly legitimate sympa­thy wi th the colored lad, Hubert Eaves, of Des

Moines, l a . , who refused to salute the

32 T H E C R I S I S

Amer ican flag. We believe in cour­tesy and to a certain extent in the thing which is called "patr iot ism," but we believe that a flag which can­not induce in children natural and spontaneous affection, and which calls for courts and sentences to induce re­spect, we believe that such a flag rep­resents a seriously defective country. Hubert Eaves i f he has any sense at all , and he evidently has, knows per­fectly well that the country which this flag represents has treated h im wi th studied insult, dishonesty and cruelty. If in the face of that he could induce himself to salute the country's flag for the hope of the fu­ture or in gratitude for little things in the past, very w e l l ; but i f he can­not do this the most decent thing for the country and for the city of Des Moines would be to fa i l to see Hubert when he forgets to bob his head.

P U B L I C S C H O O L S

OUR good friend, the decrepit Charleston News and Courier says: "DuBois would like to employ the schools for

breaking down social lines, and that is a dream which w i l l never be real­ized." If this is true then the public schools are a failure. F o r the busi­ness of the public schools, always rec­ognized from the beginning, has been to break down social lines, to do away wi th sil ly distinctions not based on individual work, to be the melting pot

out of which comes the great and dreamed of democracy. Of course the South opposes i t because i t op­poses democracy. Of course the bour­bon Courier waves its "nevers" and always has. Slavery would "never" be abolished, the Negro would "never" be educated, black men would "never" vote, and so on down through the whole gamut by those who, not contented to legislate and plan for time, are determined to arrange for eternity. A s a matter of fact there is a determined attempt in the South to make the public school system so far as Negroes are concerned a method of t ra in ing servants for the bourbon r ich , and these same people are precisely the folk who have no business to have servants because they never have known and never w i l l know apparently how to treat human beings.

T H E N E G R O L I B R A R Y

ON March 15 at the offices of the Ant i -S lavery and Aborigines Protection Society the Negro l ib ra ry furnished by

Negro Amer ican authors was opened in London wi th a first instalment of twenty-five books. About twenty-five more books are ready to go forward. The C R I S I S has made personal appeals to the more distinguished of our au­thors to furnish volumes for the l i ­brary. It would like to reinforce this appeal and ask all such persons to send books.

E S S E N C E By GEORGIA DOUGLASS JOHNSON

THE dreams of the dreamer -*• A r e l i fe -drops that pass

The break i n the hear t T h r u the soul 's hour-g lass .

The songs of the s inger A r e tones tha t repeat

The c r y of the hear t— ' T i l l i t ceases to beat.

N I G H T T H O U G H T S

B y E . A . G I B S O N

I. I W E N T out in to the n igh t . N o s tars » shone. T h e leaden clouds h u n g low and s u l l e n — a s low, h e a v y sea pa in ted aga ins t the canopy of heaven to shut out the moon­l i g h t a n d shut i n the ch i l l - damp w i n d of tha t J a n u a r y n igh t . There was no sound save the sough ing of pine-trees, now and then the d i s tan t ye lp of a hound, d r e a m i n g of better n igh t s t h a n th is . F a r afield I s a w those p ines—a knot of b lack shadow f r i n g i n g the sky .

T o i l e r s ' cabins were d a r k ; there was no sound of hab i t a t ion . N o banjos, no fiddles, no r y t h m i c shuffle of feet, no corn-songs, no rus t i c f ro l i c s , no f o l k - h y m n s , — N o t h i n g ! T h e n t h r o u g h the n i g h t stole a so l i t a ry hoot of some o w l — a b i t s h y ; a whip-*poor-w i l l ca l led—low-voiced and sad.

B i r d s of the n igh t , I thought , w h y break this silence thus so lemnly? Y o u r lonely notes t ea r into me! C a l l a g a i n ! Rouse up even the n igh t s of the fifties; wake the f o l k - s p i r i t , tune the fiddles, set the fo lk-h y m n s g o i n g i n the cab ins !

I l i s tened. T h e y cal led no more. I was sad.

J u s t b i rds , I thought , t ha t know too m u c h of f reedom; tha t k n o w too much of winds and r a i n and s t a r l i g h t and moon­l i g h t ; t ha t know n o t h i n g of dull-heartedness, fear , ha t e—noth ing of the oppression o f h u m a n k i n d !

T h e moon peeped t h rough a r i f t i n the clouds, and was gone; bu t i t had shone on m e — f a r down in the Sou th coun t ry where to i lers d w e l l i n hushed h u m i l i t y and i n t he i r l o w mut t e r ings u t te r ha l f -phrased p r aye r s to the God who rules over blood­l e t t i n g m e n ! A h ! mother E n g l a n d , w h y let down the ba r s of your debtors ' p r i sons to bu t open the flood-gates of bloody w r a t h i n the hear ts of debtors unborn? S t range w r a t h , too, th is w r a t h aga ins t those who, forced in to the new l a n d to h u m b l y serve and w a i t , s t i l l serve, and w a i t — f o r the j u s ­t ice and r ighteousness w h i c h they were t augh t was i n the C h r i s t . T w o thousand years of the C h r i s t — a n d fou r men, hang ­i n g h i g h and d a n g l i n g i n the breeze! A h ! C h r i s t i a n i t y ! W h a t mean those sp i res— p o i n t i n g u p w a r d and filled w i t h the t o l l i n g

of bells. A h , t ransgressors ! I l l be the day you chant your hymns and l i sp your Pa te rnos te r s ! Human-havoce r s !

II. I went into the house, and I dreamed. A solemn Judge sat s t i l l . F o u r men f rom E a r t h — a l l seeming meek

and gentle. J u d g e : " P l o w now, wha t good deed?" The F i r s t : " I died, g i v i n g succor to m y

wife and c h i l d . " J u d g e : " N o doubt ; and to a l l m a n k i n d ? " The F i r s t : " I went to the c h u r c h ; I

tossed a cent to a b l i nd m a n . " J u d g e : " W h a t meaneth, then, the blood

on thy h a n d s ? " The F i r s t : " I see no blood." J u d g e : " N o blood! V e r i l y , blood-lust

ha th d immed thine eyes. A n d humble b lood! A w a y ! Pass not here!"

A n d the second came. J u d g e : " A h ! Good deeds?" The Second: " I ru led w i t h noble jus t ice .

I bu i l t schools; I bu i l t churches ; I gave m y goods."

J u d g e : " H u m a n bro therhood?" The Second: " I died, b a n k r u p t and brok­

en; I gave my a l l to the mul t i t ude . " J u d g e : " W h y , bloody hands?" The Second: " I k i l l e d no man , not even

d id I pun i sh . I gave no ha r sh words , not even to murdere rs . I cal led no names. I asked no names. A h me! I see no b l o o d ! "

J u d g e : " V e r i l y thou speakest, therefore, t hy blood. A w a y , pass not here w i t h blood upon thee."

And the t h i r d came. J u d g e : " T h y good deeds, first?" The T h i r d : " I died, u r g i n g men to peni­

tence." J u d g e : " W h a t peni tence?" The T h i r d : " T h i n e , H o l y Judge . " J u d g e : " A n d good, to a l l m a n k i n d ? " The T h i r d : " E v e n so. Love , and jus ­

t ice ." J u d g e : " T h o u a r t i n e r ro r , seemingly.

E l s e , w h a t meanest the s ta in on thy hem?" The T h i r d : " S u r e l y no s t a i n ; I t aught

the Commandment s . " J u d g e : " T h e s t a i n ! H a s t thou a lways

spoken?" The T h i r d : " I spoke." J u d g e : " O f h u m a n bro therhood?"

33

34 T H E C R I S I S

T h e T h i r d : " I cannot l ie . I f ea red to speak of a l l , lest I offend. I see a f o u r t h who h u m b l y w a i t s . "

J u d g e : " T a r r y , t hen ; let me hear ." The f o u r t h shambled u p — l o w eyed, even

now. J u d g e : " S p e a k ! W h a t good deeds?" The F o u r t h : " N o t h i n g , J u d g e . " J u d g e : " S u r e l y thou a r t not so ev i l as

t hy face is shadowy and d a r k ! " The F o u r t h : " Judge me as I am. I know

not how to speak. Pe rhaps I mis take ev i l for good."

J u d g e : " H u m a n bro the rhood?" The F o u r t h : " I served a l l men. I was

not disobedient. I k n o w not w h y I died, and I shudder to t e l l how."

J u d g e : " S u r e l y , some good. I see no blood, despite t h y mot t lements ."

T h e F o u r t h : " I k n o w not, o ther t h a n tha t I served. I w a i t upon thee. I have ever served, and have t r i e d to s m i l e . "

J u d g e : " E n o u g h ! I k n o w t h y t a l e . " I awoke.

I I I .

T h e w i n d b lew c h i l l . I wen t to the door and looked out in to the n igh t . T h e clouds were gone. E v e r y s t a r shone. T h e moon s a i l e d — h i g h up and s m i l i n g down .

God of the U n i v e r s e ! I s ighed. " S a m ! " It was mother who ca l l ed . " Y e s , m o t h e r ; j u s t l o o k i n g out ." " C l o s e the door, boy, a n d get i n bed. I t

f r igh tens me—open ing doors ." I l a y i n bed. M y dog g r o w l e d , a n d I

k n e w tha t no sleep w o u l d come down to me tha t n igh t .

W H E N G E N I U S IS N O T G E N I U S

B y 0 . C . W . T A Y L O R

H A N S K R E E G E R was a s t range per­sonage. H i s fa ther , as his name i m ­

plies , was a G e r m a n ; his mother was a t y p i ­ca l I t a l i a n , and he—wel l to use his own ex­press ion, he was a cock ta i l . H e was bo rn i n Rome, educated i n B e r l i n , and af ter s e r v i n g his three years i n the G e r m a n A r m y , pu r ­sued a course i n music i n P a r i s and made a success i n G r a n d Opera there. H e was the ido l of the theatre goers, and would have made a name fo r h imse l f had not the kn i f e of J ean C u r e , w h o m he had supplan ted i n the affections of the beau t i fu l P r i m a D o n n a , M a r i e D u v a l , cut h is career shor t by a stab i n the lungs w h i c h rendered h i m an opera t ic imposs ib i l i t y .

Jean ' s kn i f e had robbed h i m of his voice but i t could not rob h i m of his s o u l ; and H a n s ' soul was n inety-nine per cent music . H e could not on ly s ing , but he could t e l l a good s inger by his looks. The c ra f t sa id of h i m tha t he could smel l a s inger a mi le away . Hence he was w o r t h $40,000 a yea r to Osca r H a m m o n d .

N o w everyone who knows a n y t h i n g about G r a n d Opera knows Osca r H a m m o n d , the

promoter of the N a t i o n a l G r a n d O p e r a Company of N e w Y o r k . H e is k n o w n the w o r l d over as the one m a n who has d iscovered more m u s i c a l s ta r s t han any other m a n i n the w o r l d . T h a t is m e r e l y his r epu ta t ion . The t r u t h of the ma t t e r is t h i s : O s c a r H a m ­mond does not k n o w the difference between B e r l i n and Beethoven, and he w o u l d r a the r l i s ten to a chorus s i n g i n g " T h e Schnitzelbaum" than hear an opera f r o m the pen

of V e r d i . B u t you see, H a m m o n d has money and knows a good t h i n g when he sees i t . M o r e o v e r , he knows how to manage , w h i l e K r e e g e r h a d on ly h i s a r t i s t i c t emperamen t and was penniless .

I t was i n the e a r l y p a r t of F e b r u a r y 1915, when K r e e g e r was i n the C i t y of N e w Or leans i n search of w a r m wea the r and Creole gumbo. H e made i t possible to v i s i t N e w Or leans th i s t ime every yea r a n d he was accustomed to leave th is po r t f o r Europe i n search of m a t e r i a l w i t h w h i c h to feed the ever insa t i ab le N e w Y o r k thea t re goers the f o l l o w i n g season.

H e was also a t the N e w C o u n t r y C l u b i n N e w Or leans and was s p e a k i n g to H a r r y

W H E N G E N I U S IS N O T G E N I U S 35

C a x t o n , one of those m a n y Southern gen­t lemen who had l i t t l e money and p len ty of soc ia l pos i t ion , but who wou ld very con­ven ien t ly , but , of course, gen t lemanly , swap the i r pos i t ion—no, I don' t l i ke the t e rm " s w a p " — b u t he wou ld convenient ly so ar­range i t tha t by your f u r n i s h i n g the money and he the socia l p u l l you both could m a n ­age to have a nice t ime. O f course, as he had so m a n y socia l ob l iga t ions to meet and was at present a l i t t l e shor t of funds, would you k i n d l y advance h i m a s m a l l loan as a f r i e n d l y f a v o r ? Y o u have met tha t sor t of people. I f not, come to N e w Or leans and be i n i t i a t ed into the g r a n d order . W e l l , to resume, he was speak ing to C a x t o n , and ev iden t ly he was interested fo r he seemed to be p u t t i n g his whole soul into his speech.

" I ' l l t e l l you , C a x t o n , she has some voice and w i l l make a hi t . I know it . I have never made a mis take in m y l i f e , and I never boast. She is a n a t u r a l s inger . She has the volume wi thou t the ha r shness ; she has the melody, the tone and the s h a d i n g — w e l l , she's j u s t got the dope, that ' s a l l ! She won ' t do i t ? W h y , m a n , a society w o m a n w i l l do a lmost a n y t h i n g to create a sensa­t ion and d r a w at tent ion. L o o k how they have f a l l en f o r the Suffrage dope. Hundreds of them who wou ld not vote i f they could are m a k i n g s tump speeches on every corner . Su re she w i l l do i t . A n d when she does, she w i l l make them a l l look l i k e t h i r t y cents. I 've hea rd them a l l — M e l b a and T e t r a z i n n i , — a l l of t hem f r o m the best to the impossible , and she has them a l l beaten a c i t y block. A n d besides, she su re ly hasn ' t had m u c h t r a i n i n g . I venture to say, and I ' l l back up m y words w i t h m y money, tha t i n a year ' s t ime she wou ld t u r n B r o a d w a y upside down. I k n o w whereof I speak.

" I j u s t wan t to meet her and I w i l l ar­range the rest. Y o u are the man to i n t ro ­duce me. W h a t of i t ? "

" W e l l , " r ep l ied C a x t o n af ter a moment 's w a i t d u r i n g which* he had cal led a w a i t e r and ordered two m i n t ju leps and as m a n y perfectos, "she w i l l be here ton igh t at the d inne r dance. I saw her name on the l i s t of reservat ions , and I w i l l in t roduce you to h e r ; bu t I t e l l you tha t you are mis t aken . She w i l l never make a h i t on B r o a d w a y or any other place. I have k n o w n Ida a l l of m y l i f e and I k n o w tha t she s i m p l y cannot s i n g . Y o u could not p a y the people to come and hear her s i ng . The gir) cannot t a lk . H e r v e r y speech j a r s . "

" O , no, C a x t o n , you are mis taken , you must be. I have i t f r om a re l iable source that there is nobody v i s i t i n g them, and she mus t be the only lady in the house. I have passed the house and stopped for the past four days and every t ime I stopped on ac­count of her voice. I repeat you are mis ­t aken . "

The subject of a l l th is conversa t ion was no less a person than M i s s Ida S m i t h , the on ly daughter and he i r of Colone l T o m S m i t h , re t i red suga r m a n u f a c t u r e r who owned some of the la rges t p lan ta t ions in L o u i s i a n a , and who l ived in the finest house on " T h e A v e n u e . "

" H a n g i t a l l , " sa id the bored C a x t o n , " le t us p l a y some golf and get i t off our m i n d s . "

A n af ternoon on the l i nks had added a sharpness to Kreege r ' s appeti te , but he was not too h u n g r y to r e f r a i n f r o m keep ing his eyes glued upon the two doors. H e was posi t ive tha t he was not mis taken . H e could not be. A n d when C a x t o n touched h i m and at the same t ime smi led a recogni t ion to a p a r t y of fou r who were j u s t then en te r ing , he was a l l the more posi t ive.

" M a n , a woman who can w a l k l i k e she and is as handsome can have the whole w o r l d at her feet i n less t han a year , and especia l ly so when she can s i n g as I have been h e a r i n g her ."

K r e e g e r received the much-longed-for i n ­t roduc t ion and was forced to admi t to h i m ­self that her conversa t iona l voice was not as p leas ing as i t m i g h t have been; but then she had never been t r a ined to t a lk . H e t r i ed to t u r n the conversa t ion into a m u s i c a l channel but f a i l ed al together .

The f o l l o w i n g m o r n i n g found h i m i n the accustomed place, and aga in the same voice was heard . A n o t h e r and s t i l l another m o r n ­i n g and the same results . F i n a l l y he re­solved to beard the l ion i n his den and so he mounted the steps and r a n g the bel l . A moment of w a i t i n g — t o h i m an e te rn i ty— and the door was opened by a t i ny , neat, b lack ma id .

" P a r d o n me, but I have been l i s t en ing to M i s s S m i t h s ing , and I have presumed upon a s l igh t acquaintance and taken the l i be r ty of r i n g i n g the be l l . I know tha t this is ra ther an unconvent iona l hour fo r a c a l l , bu t I could w a i t no longer . K i n d l y g ive m y ca rd to the l ady and t e l l her tha t I would be indeed del ighted should she find i t con­venient to a l low me to enter and hear her

so T H E C R I S I S

s ing . T h i s is m y p r iva t e ca rd , and here take m y profess iona l ca rd , too. T e l l her tha t I a m the gent leman who was w i t h M r . C a x t o n at the N e w C o u n t r y C l u b . "

The m a i d looked more t han a l i t t l e as tonished at th is long speech w h i c h was del ivered w i t h difficulty, and af ter a f u l l minute ' s hes i ta t ion rep l ied , "P lease s i r , the M i s s is s t i l l abed and , as f a r as I know, s t i l l asleep."

" N o ! n o ! " answered K r e e g e r i r r i t a t e d l y . " I have been l i s t en ing to her th i s m o r n i n g as she was s i n g i n g . I hear her every m o r n ­i n g about th is t ime. N o w be a good g i r l and de l iver m y c a r d to her and i f she a l ­lows me to enter, you w i l l get someth ing fo r your t rouble ."

" N o , s i r . M i s s Ida is not yet out of bed. Y o u could not have heard her s i n g i n g , " sa id the m a i d i n a f i rm, but pol i te manner .

" T h e n who was i t ? W h o else could i t have been? I f there are no v i s i t o r s i n the house, then i t mus t have been her . " K r e e g e r spoke rough ly now and was ev i ­dent ly becoming impat ien t .

" T h e n , s i r , since there are no v i s i t o r s i n the house and M i s s Ida is asleep, nobody sang those songs you are speak ing of, and besides, I t h ink tha t you had better go, or I w i l l have you a r res ted ." A s the m a i d s lammed the door upon finishing these per t r emarks , there was n o t h i n g left f o r K r e e g e r to do but go—and so he went.

The f o l l o w i n g m o r n i n g he re turned , but did not hear the s ing ing . H e fel t as though

someth ing of m a j o r impor t ance h a d gone out of his l i f e and he decided to t r y a n d atone f o r h i s e r r o r of the prev ious m o r n i n g .

Consequent ly w h e n he met M i s s S m i t h the f o l l o w i n g af ternoon a t an i n f o r m a l tea he immed ia t e ly prefaced h i s r e m a r k s w i t h an apology fo r h i s f o l l y and begged her pa rdon f o r the same.

" N o w , there you go. Y o u are l i k e a l l the others. A l w a y s j o l l y i n g me about the noise tha t h o r r i d old m a i d of mine makes . She nea r ly wor r i e s me to death. Y o u see, she is the daugh te r of m y old m a m m y . A l l we Sou the rn g i r l s have our " m a m m y s . " S u r e l y you have hea rd of ou r famous b lack mammys. D o r a is the daugh te r of ou r m a m m y and she got to the place where she thought she was as good as one of us. She wou ld de l ibera te ly s i t he r se l f at m y p iano, and p l a y and s i n g eve ry m o r n i n g when I was finishing m y nap , and such a b a w l i n g you never hea rd . I s i m p l y could not sleep fo r i t . A n d besides, I h a d to show her where she belonged. So I h a d to get r i d of her. She was about to r u n me c r a z y . "

The f o l l o w i n g even ing K r e e g e r le f t the c i t y to beg in his search fo r r ea l m u s i c a l t a l ­ent. " I t is a s i n , " mused he, "but the A m e r ­i can publ ic has not reached the place where they could enjoy the s i n g i n g of a b lack P r i m a D o n n a . I t is a m e a s l y shame. I f they on ly w o u l d a l l o w me to do so, I w o u l d give them the t reat of a l i f e t ime . O h , shucks! I should- w o r r y . " T h e last r emark was a loud.

S L A V E ' S S O N G B y KELSEY PERCIVAL KITCHEL.

AH, whether I loved you, who can say? W h a t of the chaff tha t lies i ' the w a y

O f the w i n d b lown off of the desert g r ey? ( B u t I love you now—how w e l l ! )

Y o u chose me fo r love and I went w i t h you Y i e l d i n g as reeds that the s t ream runs

t h r o u g h — W h a t was a broken hear t to you?

( B u t you t augh t me to love you w e l l ! )

Un-eage r I was fo r your first l ong k i s s — U n s t i r r e d was m y blood to y o u r touch that is Today of fire, for Be loved , th is

Is v e r i l y love's own spe l l .

M y body and soul are yours to mend O r break or yet w i t h your own to b lend. A h , M a s t e r , keep me u n t i l the end—

I have l ea rned to love too w e l l !

N a t i o n a l Assoc ia t ion for the Advancement o f C o l o r e d P e o p l e T H E F I G H T A G A I N S T S E G R E G A T I O N

A N O T H E R t e m p o r a r y v i c t o r y was won V by the forces of react ion on A p r i l 4,

when by a vote o f (3,700 to 4,100 D a l l a s , Texas , decided i n f a v o r of res ident ia l seg­regation. W e say t empora ry because i t is beyond the be l ie f of the non- jud ic i a l m i n d tha t the Supreme C o u r t o f Texas w h i c h a f o r t n i g h t ago, i n the case of Spence vs. F e n c h l e r appealed f r o m E l Paso decided tha t the ci t ies of Texas have no a u t h o r i t y to es tabl i sh segregated vice d i s t r i c t s , cannot be convinced tha t a N e g r o ghetto comes w i t h i n the def ini t ion.

T h e d iscussion before the election was c a r r i e d on i n subdued voices f o r the most pa r t , a l together different f r o m the St. L o u i s c a m p a i g n . T h e 20,000 wh i t e voters who were to decide ( there are on ly 1,600 colored voters i n D a l l a s a l l t o l d ) , deemed i t unnec­essary f o r the dominan t race to exci te i t se l f over the outcome of any l eg i s l a t i on a imed at N e g r o e s ; the colored popu la t ion h a l f hoped tha t enough of the vol ley of " N o e s " a imed at bonds a n d f ranchises w o u l d miss the i r m a r k to k i l l segregat ion, a decidedly m i n o r issue. T w o p rominen t colored men of D a l l a s , D r . B l u i t t and Rev . J . E . B o y d , founder of the Texas N o r m a l I n d u s t r i a l Institute fo r Co lo red Y o u t h , bo th came out i n the d a i l y papers i n f avo r of segregat ion e a r l y i n the discuss ion. W h e n the i r fe l lows held them up to the scorn of the bet rayed and they t r i e d to d isavow, of course the w h i t e papers refused to pub l i sh the i r re­t rac t ions .

Immed ia t e ly af ter the election in w h i c h St. L o u i s decided f o r segregat ion, K a t h r y n M . Johnson , field agent fo r the N a t i o n a l Association, was sent to D a l l a s to give them the benefit of her l o n g experience i n the pre­vious fight. A n o rgan i za t i on was q u i c k l y perfected w i t h W . E . K i n g , edi tor of the D a l l a s Express, as p res iden t ; and a quan t i ty of l i t e r a t u r e p repa red fo r d i s t r i bu t ion . W h e n a f ew quie t meet ings a r r a n g e d by the Bus iness L e a g u e had demonstra ted tha t the h a l l d i d not immed ia t e ly b u r n down when segrega t ion was discussed, the churches one by one opened t he i r doors for meetings. In

cont ras t to the t i m i d i t y of some, the ar t ic les of Rev . S. E . J . W a t s o n of the M a c e d o n i a B a p t i s t C h u r c h w h i c h a t t rac ted state-wide a t tent ion, and the v i g o r w i t h w h i c h he led his congregat ion into the campa ign , deserve especial ment ion . A s soon as the resu l t of the election became known steps were taken to o rgan ize a local of the N . A . A . C . P . i n order to ra ise funds w i t h w h i c h to fight the case t h rough the courts .

In St . L o u i s twenty-f ive p rominen t whi te l awyers of the Commit tee of One H u n d r e d were eager to take the segregat ion case in to cour t w i thou t expense to the i r colored fe l low ci t izens immedia te ly af ter the election. C o l . W e l l s Blodge t t , chief counsel f o r the Wabash R a i l r o a d and an ex-officer i n the U n i o n A r m y , h a d p repa red br ie fs even before the election. A t the suggest ion of the execu­t ive committee of the St . L o u i s B r a n c h , the l a w y e r s met i n his office on M a r c h 7, and a committee i n c l u d i n g H o n . Char l e s N a g e l , ex-Secre ta ry of the In te r io r , Colone l Blodgett, P e r c y W e r n e r , Judge Selden P . Spencer, Joseph Wheless , and Judge Leo Rassieur, p repa red to take charge of the case. S u i t was b rought aga ins t the M a y o r , the Po l i ce B o a r d , the C h i e f of Pol ice , and the B u i l d i n g Commiss ioner to enjoin them f rom enfo rc ing the provis ions of the ordinances. The defendants demurred when the case was cal led i n the F e d e r a l C o u r t on M a r c h 28, and Judge D y e r set the a rgumen t for A p r i l 17.

The L o u i s v i l l e segregat ion case came up for a rgumen t before the Supreme C o u r t of the U n i t e d States on A p r i l 11, B l a k e y , Q u i n & L e w i s represen t ing the Negroes of Louisville. I n addi t ion , Moorf ie ld Storey of Boston, N a t i o n a l P res iden t of this Assoc i a t i on , a rgued fo r the pla in t i f f .

I n C i n c i n n a t i the segregat ion issue is c o m i n g up as a school problem. J i m C r o w schools have heretofore been establ ished wi thou t any effective protest by colored peo­ple, bu t when recent ly the colored ch i ld ren were taken out of the publ ic school i n G l e n -dale, a suburb of C i n c i n n a t i , and placed i n a separate b u i l d i n g where one teacher is at­t e m p t i n g to teach seven grades, the officers of the local b ranch decided i t was h i g h t ime

37

38 T H E C R I S I S

to fight fo r equal educat ional oppor tun i t i es , — a n d segregat ion has never yet meant equal oppor tun i t i es f o r colored ch i ld ren . P r e s i ­dent Stevenson, of the C i n c i n n a t i B r a n c h , is an u n c o m p r o m i s i n g fighter; h is colored f e l ­low ci t izens can never back h i m up i n a w o r t h i e r fight.

The W a s h i n g t o n B r a n c h scored the on ly recent success i n th is na t ion-wide s t ruggle . F i f t e e n colored m a i l c lerks on the A t l a n t i c Coas t L i n e were booked to be segregated i n b lack t r a i n crews under whi te overseers. A r c h i b a l d G r i m k e , the president of the W a s h i n g t o n B r a n c h , took charge of t he i r case d u r i n g severa l months ' fight and finally succeeded i n p e r s u a d i n g the Super in tenden t of R a i l w a y M a i l C l e r k s to give his decision i n f avo r of m i x e d crews. B u t i n the l a r g e r sense every protest t ha t the colored people of A m e r i c a make aga ins t those who seek to set them a p a r t as a subject caste—that 's wha t segregat ion means—is v i c to ry , a t r i ­u m p h over the counsels of the prophets who preach h u m i l i t y before those who w o u l d rob them of the las t vest ige of c i v i l r i gh t s .

C O N G R E S S A N D T H E F E D E R A L D E P A R T ­M E N T S

D I S C R I M I N A T I O N , however, is w ide r than segregat ion, and the Washington B r a n c h is forced to keep a v i g i l a n t eye

on both Congress and the F e d e r a l Departments. Some bureaus, whenever office staffs have to be reduced, are prone to do the i r p r u n i n g exc lus ive ly on one side of the color l ine , w h i c h is not supposed to be v i s ib le to the eye of U n c l e S a m ; and the C i v i l Service is sometimes so near s ighted that i t passes over colored names repeatedly in f avor of whi te app l ican ts of lower c i v i l service ra t ­i n g . The pres ident of the W a s h i n g t o n B r a n c h won two such cases d u r i n g the past m o n t h : one l i s ted fo r d ischarge f r o m the office of the aud i to r of the In t e r i o r Department because of deficiency i n a p p r o p r i a t i o n , he succeeded i n h a v i n g t r ans f e r r ed to the office of the aud i to r i n the Pos t Office Department; and he secured the appoin tment of a colored app l i can t whose name had been repeatedly passed over fo r those of whi te c lerks s t and ing lower on the c i v i l service l is ts .

Inf in i te ly more i m p o r t a n t is the service rendered the colored people of A m e r i c a by A r c h i b a l d G r i m k e and the W a s h i n g t o n B r a n c h i n w a t c h i n g the flood of host i le legis­

l a t ion in t roduced each y e a r i n Congress . A f t e r the crop of J i m C r o w a n d an t i - i n t e r ­m a r r i a g e b i l l s fo r the D i s t r i c t of C o l u m b i a had assumed m e n a c i n g p ropor t ions a hear­i n g was asked. T h e resu l t is recorded else­where .

The repor t of the h e a r i n g w h i c h las ted two hours w a s d u l y p r i n t e d . Copies c a n be obta ined by addres s ing C o n g r e s s m a n Tinkham.

I n these columns las t m o n t h we pub l i shed a le t te r addressed to the P r e s i d e n t a n d the committees on m i l i t a r y affai rs i n w h i c h we u rged tha t i f the a r m y is to be increased cer­t a i n reg iments should be open to en l i s tmen t of colored soldiers . O n A p r i l 4 the m a t t e r was be ing discussed by the upper house. I t is h a r d l y necessary to state tha t we quote f r o m Senator V a r d a m a n :

" I do not k n o w who is g o i n g to succeed the present occupant of the W h i t e House . I hope he m a y succeed h imsel f , bu t I w o u l d not h a z a r d a p red ic t ion o f w h a t is g o i n g to happen. I f a m a n should be elected President who is so color b l i n d on the race ques­t ion and whose o l fac tor ies have become so desensi t ized, i f I m a y use t ha t w o r d , t ha t he could not d i s t i n g u i s h between a w h i t e m a n and a N e g r o , and who is so p o l i t i c a l l y an tagonis t i c to the Sou th tha t he w o u l d be w i l l i n g to use the power confe r red upon h i m by section 56 of th is b i l l f o r p a r t i s a n p o l i t i ­ca l purposes, he could o rde r N e g r o r e g i ­ments a n d mobi l ize them f o r m i l i t a r y t r a i n ­i n g i n every congress ional d i s t r i c t of the Sta te of M i s s i s s i p p i .

" . . . I do not charge t ha t any m a n who could be elected P re s iden t w o u l d be g u i l t y of such a mons t rous act, but I a m not w i l l i n g to take any chances."

W h i c h cal ls to m i n d the conclus ion of the d i s t ingu i shed C o l u m b i a professor who sa id , " I need no fu r t he r p roof of the colored man ' s inheren t i n f e r i o r i t y t h a n the f ac t t ha t V a r d a m a n is suffered to l i v e b y the N e ­groes of M i s s i s s i p p i . "

O n the other side of the cap i to l the same sent iment of " D o w n w i t h the b l a c k s ! " was expressed i n the b i l l i n t roduced by F r a n k P a r k of G e o r g i a , m a k i n g i t u n l a w f u l f o r persons of the N e g r o race to be des ignated, elected, or appoin ted commiss ioned or non ­commiss ioned officers i n the A r m y or N a v y of the U n i t e d States. Y e t w i t h a c r i t i c a l elect ion on ly a few months off, i t is not prob­able tha t the Democra t s w i l l f u r t h e r a n t a g -

N . A . A . C . P . 39

onize the colored vote by pass ing any of these a n t i - N e g r o b i l l s a t this session.

D A S H E S F R O M T H E T R E N C H E S

THE cement w h i c h r ea l ly binds the members o f th is o rgan i za t i on together is the d a i l y l i gh t a n d the e te rna l v ig i l ance aga ins t the constant mani fes ta t ions of r a c i a l p re judice . The L o u i s v i l l e B r a n c h had a p a r t i c u l a r l y l i v e l y mon th d u r i n g M a r c h , and came off v ic to r ious i n the i r fight aga ins t the K n i g h t B i l l fo r J i m C r o w street cars af ter i t had passed the K e n t u c k y senate by a vote of IS to 12. T h e b r a n c h spent four hundred and f if ty do l la r s f o r l ega l counsel , and fought the b i l l u n t i l i t was finally k i l l e d i n the House Rules Commit tee . In another case L o u i s v i l l e employed a l a w y e r to defend a colored m a n convicted of murde r on c i r ­c u m s t a n t i a l evidence, and succeeded i n hav­i n g his sentence commuted to l i fe i m p r i s o n ­ment.

N o r t h e r n C a l i f o r n i a used the i r member­sh ip o f 178 i n an effective protest to the c i t y commiss ioners of O a k l a n d aga ins t a s ign i n a down town cafe, " N o colored pat­ronage wan ted , " and were soon in fo rmed by the c i t y fa thers tha t the objectionable plac­a r d had been removed and w o u l d not aga in be exhib i ted .

T h e Bos ton B r a n c h has taken up the case o f a colored w o m a n who received i n h u m a n t rea tment at the hands of the N e w E n g l a n d S a n i t a r i u m located at Stoneham, M a s s .

D e t r o i t ra i sed n ine ty dol lars to help pay f o r the p r i n t i n g of the record i n the case o f Cha r l e s K i m b r o u g h , accused of murder ­i n g a n d b u r n i n g an e igh t year old ch i l d i n S a g i n a w , and sentenced to l i fe i m p r i s o n ­ment. I t is genera l ly believed tha t Kimbrough is innnocent and has not had a f a i r t r i a l . W h i t e f r iends of K i m b r o u g h in Saginaw are co-opera t ing w i t h the D e t r o i t B r a n c h in b r i n g i n g the case before the M i c h i g a n Supreme C o u r t a t the A p r i l t e rm.

T h e L e g a l Commit tee of the Ind ianapol i s B r a n c h has h a d to contend w i t h an a l l too common a t t i tude o f m i n d w h i c h makes j u s ­t ice a difficult m a t t e r to secure. C e r t a i n members o f the pol ice depar tment of tha t c i t y , as too f requen t ly happens elsewhere, recen t ly became so d r u n k w i t h power tha t they resor ted to r a t h e r shamefu l c lubb ing of severa l members of both races. T h e colored c i t izens believe t ha t Theodore T a y l o r was shot down i n cold blood, bu t the c lubb ing

has not been exc lus ive ly a long color l ines. The Ind ianapol i s News f ea r less ly exposed the persecutions by the police, a n d the prosecut ing a t torney secured a convic t ion aga ins t a sergeant of police fo r wan ton ly bea t ing a Negro , w i t h a fine of three hun­dred dol lars a n d n inety days on the penal f a r m .

The L e g a l Redress Commit tee of the b ranch immedia te ly fo l lowed up every case i n v o l v i n g any k i n d of impos i t ion upon col ­ored men. F o u r of those beaten refused to be made par t ies p la in t i f f in the su i t aga ins t the police because of f e a r ; others lost in te r ­est in the mat te r of jus t i ce as soon as they had been d ischarged i n the c i t y cou r t ; and s t i l l others, i n c l u d i n g T a y l o r ' s people, re­fused assis tance w i t h a sneer a t l a w y e r s of the i r own race.

W i l m i n g t o n , D e l . , wres ted a promise f rom the edi tors of the i r three d a i l y papers to cap i ta l ize the word " N e g r o , " except where i t occurs in m u n i c i p a l cases. I t seems tha t the c i ty government needs educat ing , too.

A n d no week goes by wi thou t w o r d f r o m some quar te r of a new s k i r m i s h w i t h " T h e B i r t h of a N a t i o n . " The N e w Or leans B r a n c h p r o m p t l y a t tacked i t when the f i lm was announced there ; Spr ingf ie ld , 111., voiced i ts protest t h rough ex -L ieu tenan t Governor N o r t h c o t t ; Des Moines enlis ted the Governor of Iowa i n the i r fight aga ins t i t , and the C r o c k e r Pos t of the G . A . R . con­demned i t . In C i n c i n n a t i , a l though Gover ­nor W i l l i s p rohib i ted publ ic exhib i t ions any­where i n Ohio , the film was recent ly shown at a " p r i v a t e e x h i b i t i o n " to an audience of some 2,000 shr iners . The president of the C i n c i n n a t i B r a n c h , M r . Stevenson, was threatened w i t h d i re eventual i t ies i f he kept up his protest , but he s taunch ly defended the p r inc ip les f o r w h i c h the N . A . A . C . P . stands up to the hour of the per formance .

T H E I N C R E A S E IN M E M B E R S H I P H O W A R D U N I V E R S I T Y C H A P T E R

*• recent ly c a r r i e d on a membersh ip campa ign w h i c h b rough t i n nea r ly 100 new members, 80 of w h o m were secured by J o ­seph Brooks , a senior i n the Col lege o f A r t s and Sciences. In addi t ion , 203 new mem­bers were enrol led d u r i n g M a r c h ; a n d a new loca l char te red at Y o r k , P e n n s y l v a n i a . A t a mass meet ing on A p r i l 9, the Cleve­l a n d B r a n c h launched a campa ign fo r 1,000 new members.

40 T H E C R I S I S

M E E T I N G S L I N C O L N U N I V E R S I T Y C H A P T E R

has i n a u g u r a t e d a f o r t n i g h t l y open

f o r u m on race questions w h i c h is to be ex­

ceedingly commended to other branches. A t

the las t meet ing , f o r example , D . G . H i l l

gave a ca r e fu l l y p repared paper o c c u p y i n g

about twen ty minutes on " I m m o r a l i t y

A m o n g N e g r o e s : Its M i s t a k e n and T r u e

Causes ," w h i c h was fo l lowed by a free dis­

cussion of the quest ion. The mon th ly meet­

ings of the N o r t h e r n C a l i f o r n i a B r a n c h

have become affairs of such pub l ic impor ­

tance that the c i ty fa thers of O a k l a n d have

donated the la rge C i t y A s s e m b l y H a l l f o r

the i r use. Cha r l e s M . Shor t r idge , one of the

best k n o w n l awyer s in San F r a n c i s c o , was

the p r i n c i p a l speaker at a recent meet ing .

On A p r i l 17, the Bos ton B r a n c h held a

memor i a l meet ing i n P a r k Street C h u r c h fo r

M r s . Joseph P r i n c e L o u d . The m e m o r i a l of

the D e t r o i t B r a n c h i n honor of the late

Booker T . W a s h i n g t o n was addressed by the

Governor of M i c h i g a n , Woodbr idge N . Ferris, on " W a s h i n g t o n ' s C o n t r i b u t i o n to Education;" C o l . J o h n R. L y n c h spoke on

" W a s h i n g t o n as a P r o d u c t of Recons t ruc­

t i o n ; " and H o n . Char l e s A . C o t t r e l l , fo r ­

m e r l y col lector of i n t e r n a l revenue fo r H a ­

w a i i , t a lked on " B o o k e r T . W a s h i n g t o n i n

the Role of L e a d e r . "

S O L D I E R S

S I N C E 1870 there have been fou r colored

reg iments i n ou r r e g u l a r es tab l i sh­

ment, two of c a v a l r y and two of i n f a n t r y ,

but there has never been a colored a r t i l l e r y

o r g a n i z a t i o n i n the r e g u l a r service . W h e n

ten reg iments and severa l un i t s of a r t i l l e r y

were added i n 1901, the colored c i t izens of

A m e r i c a were deeply offended tha t S e c r e t a r y

Root f a i l ed to recommend the es tab l i shment

of any colored regiment .

N o w tha t the quest ion is before Congress

aga in , the N a t i o n a l A s s o c i a t i o n f o r the A d ­

vancement of Colored People urges t ha t the

r i g h t of these ten m i l l i o n c i t izens to p a r t i c i ­

pate to the f u l l i n every phase of ou r n a ­

t i ona l l i f e be recognized by des ignat ­

i n g two of the a r t i l l e r y reg iments and two

of i n f a n t r y , of those about to be created by

Congress , as open fo r en l i s tment to colored

A m e r i c a n s .

I f hyphena ted c i t i zensh ip is a weakness

in the body po l i t i c , w h y in s i s t t ha t ten m i l ­

l ion men and women mus t r e m a i n A f r o -

A m e r i c a n s unto the f o u r t h and fifth gen­

era t ions?

NEGRO SOLDIERS MOBILIZING IN D A K A R , F R E N C H WEST AFRICA, FOR THE E U R O P E A N W A R

Curtains of Gloom M O B - R U L E

B Y G . F . D U N C A N , M . D .

ON J u n e 4th ( F r i d a y ) at ten p. m. , I left m y office i n F e r n a n d i n o , F l a . , to

go home to m y residence. O n the w a y home I met three y o u n g women and one young-m a n , a l l Caucas i ans , w a l k i n g abreast of each other on the s idewalk . T h e y were s t r o l l i n g l e i su re ly ahead of me. O n m y a p p r o a c h i n g them they tu rned a round and looked at m e ; passage nei ther on the r igh t nor on the left of them was g iven me. A f t e r w a l k i n g about ten paces the two young women on m y lef t separa ted themselves f r o m the i r two companions on m y r igh t , l e a v i n g an open ing i n the middle of them. B e l i e v i n g tha t they had conceded me pas­sage tha t w a y I passed t h rough , not even m y coat touch ing e i ther person nearest me. N o t h i n g was sa id to me, nor d id I say a w o r d to e i ther of the quar te t . I d i d not k n o w w h o they were. E a r l y Saturday-m o r n i n g m y p a r t n e r i n business asked me over the telephone i f I had had t rouble w i t h any one on the street the previous evening, to w h i c h I rep l ied i n the negat ive . H a l f an hour a f t e rwards an acquaintance came into m y y a r d exc i ted ly w i t h the news tha t a mob of " c r a c k e r s " was a w a i t i n g me down t o w n to do me up because I had shoved two whi te women off the side w a l k the previous evening . I quieted his fears by t e l l i n g h i m it was a mis take , as I fe l t confident i t was. I went down town to m y w o r k as usua l . I saw w h i t e men t a l k i n g under the i r b rea th and l o o k i n g at me, bu t up to this day not one of those " c h i v a l r o u s " men has sa id a w o r d to me. T h e r u m o r became b ru i t ed about t own tha t the whi te people were go ing to do D r . D u n c a n because the W e i m a r g i r l (wh i t e ) compla ined . Thereupon cer ta in men of m y race i nqu i r ed into the r u m o r and were i n fo rmed tha t " D r . D u n c a n met three w h i t e g i r l s on the s idewalk the n i g h t before, a n d because they did not move fas t enough to let h i m pass by, he p laced his hands upon the i r shoulders and shoved them off the side w a l k . " F u r t h e r i nves t i ga t i on revealed tha t this l ie had ref­erence to m y mee t ing and pass ing the four persons as ment ioned above; tha t the l ie was g iven b i r t h to by one g i r l b y name of

W e i m a r who on a previous occasion had endeavored to but t in aga ins t me on the street, but of wh ich inc ident I had g iven on ly a pass ing though t ; that she was the s is ter of a young man who had i n d i r e c t l y cursed at me several t imes on the street p re tend ing to curse at my dog. V a r i o u s shades of color were g iven to the l ie .

A t midday on S a t u r d a y the 5th w o r d was sent to me by them that i f I wou ld go to the house of this p a r t i c u l a r young woman's parents and there apologize to her fo r "pass ing t h r o u g h " they would drop the mat­ter. I repl ied tha t I wou ld die a thousand times over r a the r than to apologize for do ing no th ing . T h e y sent back to ask me i f I d id not t h ink that I wou ld be condescend­i n g i f I apologized to the g i r l . I rep l ied tha t I had no answer to g ive .

E x c i t e m e n t r a n h i g h a l l day. I went about m y w o r k as usua l . On S a t u r d a y n ight , at 9:30, f ou r men, by name, P a u l Cass idy , F r a n k Sorrensen, K e n n a r d and W e i m a r , went to m y d r u g store, repre­sent ing themselves as a committee sent to w a r n me to leave town by M o n d a y after­noon. I had ju s t lef t the d r u g store, so m y pa r tne r brought me word . Immedia te ly I communica ted the facts of the inc ident l ead ing up to the s i tua t ion to the mayor , N a t h a n i e l B . Borden . E a r l y on Sunday m o r n i n g I went i n person to see the m a y o r who in fo rmed me tha t he had taken steps tha t I should not be molested, and stated tha t the four men had denied m a k i n g any threats to me; they had on ly advised me of the state of publ ic fee l ing . Moreover , the mayor , to m y surpr i se , i n t ima ted to me tha t ce r t a in compla in ts were sent in to h i m of me by var ious par t ies among w h o m fig­ured chiefly a whi te phys i c i an by name of G a l p h i n , and by this phys ic ian ' s brother M a c k G a l p h i n , and that he, the mayor , had to ld them that i f I had done a n y t h i n g , they could prosecute me accord ing to l aw .

On S u n d a y n i g h t the m a y o r took steps to protect m y house. M o n d a y , the fa te fu l day came. A l l F e r n a n d i n o became exci ted. A c c o r d i n g to suggest ion, the m a y o r cal led a meet ing i n the m o r n i n g at w h i c h were present some p rominen t men of both races. I was present. A f t e r a shor t inves t iga t ion

41

42 T H E C R I S I S

the " c h a r g e " of shov ing the women off the s idewalk was d isproved by evidence of the fa the r of the y o u n g m a n who was w i t h the y o u n g women, and also f r o m another m a n (whi te ) who sent w o r d tha t "he was s tand­i n g near by when D r . D u n c a n passed and there was n o t h i n g to i t , " bu t he d id not wan t his name to be d ragged in to the af fa i r . The m a y o r then endeavored to diss ipate the so-cal led charges and compla in t s aga ins t me.

Because of g r o w i n g exci tement a second mee t ing was thought necessary, so at 3:30 p. m . one was cal led a t the C i t y H a l l . T h e fou r r ing leaders of the mob were ca l led upon to e x p l a i n the i r a t t i tude . The old l i e was emphasized and the w o r d i n g of m y let ter to the m a y o r t aken umbrage of. Sup p l emen t ing the l ie were these l a t t e r " cha rges " : (1) D r . Duncan ' s a t t i tude , con­duct and bea r ing were not conformable to whi te Southern amenit ies i n the f o l l o w i n g : (a) H e is discourteous and a r r o g a n t ; (b) he is not f r i e n d l y ; (c) he discounts whi te people i n not t a k i n g off h is ha t to t h e m ; (d) he is an undesi rable and object ion­able c i t izen because: (a) H e lectures to the colored ch i ld ren of the publ ic school tha t they are j u s t as good as whi te people, and they mus t separate themselves f r o m the whi te people; (b) in his capac i ty as p r e s i ­dent of the In te rdenomina t iona l S u n d a y School U n i o n among the colored people, he is endeavor ing to elevate them to the place where the wh i t e people w i l l not be able to put hands on them. The other " c h a r g e s " tha t were not b rought up i n the mee t ing were : (a) I l ived in a conspicuous corner p rope r ty that was sold to me under protest of the wh i t e people; (b) I had t aken a w a y a l l D r . G a l p i n ' s prac t ice , in consequence of w h i c h he could not make a l i v i n g to sup­por t his f a m i l y ; (c) I had resented an i n ­sul t at the f r e igh t depot two years ago.

E x c i t e m e n t was so h i g h t ha t the m a y o r ca l led i n the m u n i c i p a l j udge to r ead a n d e x p l a i n the l a w to the savages . C o u n t y J u d g e B u e g n e t de l ive red a m a s t e r l y ad ­dress on l a w a n d order a n d the r i g h t s of M r . D u n c a n as a l a w - a b i d i n g , respectable, usefu l and des i rab le c i t i z e n ; bu t w h a t w a s a l l t h i s o r a to ry , r ea son ing , a n d r a t i o n a l procedures by the t o w n officials to a host of savages sa tu ra t ed w i t h hate , p re jud ice a n d j e a l o u s y ? W h a t m e a n i n g has jus t i ce to those h u m a n hyenas? P r e v i o u s to the meet ings, the mob leaders h a d approached both the m u n i c i p a l a n d coun ty judges f o r a w a r r a n t f o r m y a r r e s t a n d h a d even asked the coun ty j u d g e to find some t echn i ­c a l i t y upon w h i c h to a r r e s t me and have me fined. T h e y were i n f o r m e d of the i m -prac t icableness of a n a r r e s t as I h a d com­mi t t ed no offense, and i f even the t echn ica l charge of d i s o r d e r l y conduct were p roved , the fine w o u l d be on ly five do l l a r s , a n d i t was imposs ib le to p rove i t .

T h e head leader of the mob, b y name Thompson , i n the service of the F e d e r a l government , and b r o t h e r - i n - l a w to D r . Galphin, i n fo rmed the m a y o r tha t they, the leaders of the mob, h a d engaged two other mobs f r o m Y u l e e a n d C a l l a h a n , respect ive­l y , and he, the m a y o r , could do no th ing . See ing tha t the c i t y au thor i t i e s were de­

fied and powerless and F e r n a n d i n o be ing a detached i s l a n d t o w n , m y f r i ends a n d m y w i f e pleaded w i t h me to leave the t o w n and not to s tay there and endanger m y l i f e . So, w i t h heavy hea r t a n d r e l u c t a n t steps, I lef t m y . w i f e , m y home and m y p r o p e r t y f o r J a c k s o n v i l l e a t 4 p . m . on M o n d a y the 7th. Subsequent developments p roved tha t I h a d acted p r u d e n t l y .

N o w m y f a m i l y a n d I are r eun i t ed and I have begun m y p rac t i ce over a g a i n . T h e whole t h i n g came l i k e a t hunde rbo l t f r o m a c lear sky . O h , yes ! the s u p e r i o r wh i t e r ace ! The c h i v a l r o u s S o u t h ! T h e l a n d of the " F r e e " and the home of the " B r a v e " !

G O S S A M E R

B y GEORGIA DOUGLASS JOHNSON

The peerless boon of innocence, T h e f i rs t i n na ture ' s l i s t

H a s faded—ere the r i s i n g sun The w a k i n g w o r l d has k i s t .

The e a r l y dew upon the grass , T h e p u r i t y of m o r n ,

The g l i n t t ha t l ies on v i rg in -cheek A r e cob-webs of the d a w n .

43

W O M A N T O T H E R E S C U E !

Federal Constitution

SEGREGATION

Jim Crow Law I don't believe in agitating and fighting. My policy is to pursue the line of least resistance. To h-- with Citizenship Rights' I want money I think the white folk will let me stay on my land as long as I stay in my place. -(Shades of Wilmington, N. C.) The good whites aint responsi-ble for bad administration of the law and lynching and pronaga-let me think awhile; er - .

Grand-Father Clause

44 T H E C R I S I S A D V E R T I S E R

STANDARD LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY STOCK

Constitutes the most popular investment today

Because It has the three important elements of a good investment

Safety Convertibility Profit A n d m o r e , n o f i n a n c i a l o r g a n i z a t i o n s t a n d s h i g h e r b e f o r e t h e p u b l i c t h a n t h e

[1 S tandard L i f e I n s u r a n c e C o m p a n y . I t h a s t h e h e a r t y e n d o r s e m e n t o f I n s u r a n c e II C o m m i s s i o n e r s , o f p r o m i n e n t i n s u r a n c e m e n a n d o f f i c i a l s , o f l e a d i n g f i n a n c i a l a n d | | i n s u r a n c e j o u r n a l s a n d p a p e r s — N o r t h , E a s t , S o u t h a n d W e s t . T h e s t o c k h o l d e r s 11 (350 i n n u m b e r ) a r e a m o n g t h e m o s t c a r e f u l , s u c c e s s f u l , t r u s t w o r t h y p r o f e s s i o n a l M a n d b u s i n e s s m e n a n d b a n k i n g i n s t i t u t i o n s o f t h e r a c e .

L i f e i n s u r a n c e is a r i c h b u s i n e s s . I t p a y s h a n d s o m e d i v i d e n d s a n d p a y s t h e m | | o f t e n . I t is a n a l l - y e a r - r o u n d b u s i n e s s . N o d u l l m o n t h s . No f o r m o f i n v e s t m e n t II h a s p r o v e n m o r e safe a n d p r o f i t a b l e t h a n t h e s h a r e s o f s t o c k i n a n O l d - L i n e L e g a l II R e s e r v e L i f e I n s u r a n c e C o m p a n y . A l l c o m p a n i e s t h a t h a v e b e e n c a r e f u l l y m a n -| | a g e d h a v e p a i d l a r g e r e t u r n s t o s t o c k h o l d e r s .

T h e S tandard L i f e I n s u r a n c e C o m p a n y h a s h a d a h e a l t h y g r o w t h , a n d a l o w M m o r t a l i t y s i n c e c o m m e n c i n g b u s i n e s s i n I Q 1 3 . W i t h a h e l d p r a c t i c a l l y t o o u r -11 - e l v e s a n d p r a c t i c a l l y l i m i t l e s s , t h e s t o c k is s u r e t o i n c r e a s e r a p i d l y i n v a l u e a n d | | t o p a y l a r g e d i v i d e n d s . T h e c o m p a n y is n o w o n t h e eve o f b e i n g o n a d i v i d e n d -It p a y i n g b a s i s .

A t t h e r a t e t h a t s u b s c r i p t i o n s f o r t h i s s t o c k h a v e b e e n c o m i n g i n , t h e e n t i r e 1| i s s u e w i l l be p l a c e d w i t h i n t h i r t y d a y s .

|1 Y o u m a y s e c u r e t h i s s t o c k —

1. B y pay ing cash $200.00 a share. 2. B y g i v i n g F i r s t M o r t g a g e on R e a l 11 Es ta te for 5 years . 3. B y pay ing 20 per cent cash ($40.00), and balance 20 per* 11 cent ($40.00) i n three, s ix , nine and twelve months . 4. B y a s m a l l first paymen t 11 of $8.00 and $8.00 m o n t h l y payments .

T h i s is w o r t h y of your cons idera t ion .

II S T A N D A R D LIFE I N S U R A N C E C O M P A N Y

I desire to purchase

shares under op t ion N o

above. I enclose first payment of

$ herewi th . Please

fo rward a l l papers necessary to

complete the subscr ip t ion .

F u l l N a m e

A d d r e s s

C i t y and State

( C , M a y , 1916I

H E M A N E . P E R R Y P r e s i d e n t A . L . L E W I S . F l o r i d a V i c e P r e s i d e n t T H O S . H . H A Y E S , T e n n e s s e e V i c e P r e s i d e n t R . L . I S A A C S , T e x a s V i c e P r e s i d e n t E M M E T T J . S C O T T , A l a b a m a . . . V i c e P r e - . H A R R Y H . P A C E S e c r e t a r y - T r e a s u r e r H . C . D U G A S A s s t . S e c r e t a r y C . C . C A T E R , M . D M e d i c a l D i r e c t o r W M . H . K I N G D i r e c t o r o f A g e n c i e s J . C . N A P I E R , N a s h v i l l e .

C h a i r m a n A d v i s o r y B o a r d

H O M E O F F I C E :

200 A u b u r n Avenue

A T L A N T A G E O R G I A

Mention T H E C R I S I S

T H E C R I S I S A D V E R T I S E R 45

N a t i o n a l Pres ident M O O R F 1 E L D S T O R E Y , Boston

C h a i r m a n of the B o a r d o f D i r e c t o r s D R . J . E . S P I N G A R N , New Y o r k

D i r e c t o r of P u b l i c a t i o n s and Research DR. W . E . B . D U B O I S . New Y o r k

Vice -Pres ident s O S W A L D G A R R I S O N V I L L A R D , New Y o r k R E V . J O H N H A Y N E S H O L M E S , New Y o r k J O H N E . M I L H O L L A N D . New Y o r k A R C H I B A L D H . G R I M K E , Washington M A R Y W H I T E O V I N G T O N . Brook lyn R E V . G . R. W A L L E R , Springfield, Mass.

N A T I O N A L ASSOCIATION F O R T H E

A D V A N C E M E N T OF C O L O R E D PEOPLE O S W A L D G A R R I S O N V I L L A R D

T r e a s u r e r R O Y N A S H

A c t i n g Secretary A D D I T I O N A L M E M B E R S O F T H E B O A R D O F D I R E C T O R S

Chicago T A N E A D D A M S D R . C . E . B E N T L E Y

Boston J O S E P H P R I N C E L O U D B U T L E R R . W I L S O N

B a l t i m o r e B I S H O P J O H N H U R S 1 D R . F . N . C A R D O Z O

B r o o k l y n D R . V . M O R T O N J O N E S P R . 0 . M . W A L L E R

N e w H a v e n G E O R G E W . C R A W F O R D

P h i l a d e l p h i a D R . W I L L I A M A . S I N C L A I R

W a s h i n g t o n P R O F . G E O . W I L L I A M C O O K

N e w Y o r k R E V . H U T C H I N S C . B I S H O P R E V . W . H . B R O O K S M R S . F L O R E N C E K E L L E Y P A U L K E N N A D A Y C H A R L E S E D W A R D R U S S E L L A R T H U R B. S P I N G A R N C H A R L E S H . STUDIN D R . J O H N G . U N D E R H I L L L I L L I A N D . W A L D W I L L I A M E N G L I S H W A L L I N G

S E G R E G A T I O N passed d u r i n g the last t w o m o n t h s in St. L o u i s , D a l l a s , a n d O k l a h o m a C i t y . U n l e s s y o u bel ieve in N e g r o ghe t tos , help us to fight this issue t h r o u g h the courts by j o i n i n g the N . A . A . C . P . W e need 1 , 0 0 0 more $5 member ­ships r i gh t n o w .

Sustaining Members pay $25.00 per year Contributing Members . $2.00—$10.00 per year Associate Members $1.00 per year

T h e C r i s i s is sent w i t h o u t fur ther charge to m e m b e r s p a y i n g t w o do l l a r s or more .

M E M B E R S H I P BLANK D a t e , 1916.

O S W A L D G A R R I S O N V I L L A R D , T r e a s u r e r , 7 0 F i f t h A v e n u e , N e w Y o r k .

SIR : I d e s i r e to b e c o m e a m e m b e r o f the National Association for the

DA of Colored People a n d t o r e c e i v e The Crisis. I n p a y m e n t o f m y dues f o r one yea r , I enc lose d o l l a r s .

N a m e

S t r ee t

C i t y a n d S ta t e

Ment ion T H E C R I S I S

46 T H E CRISIS A D V E R T I S E R

T A K E N F R O M N E A L E ' S L I S T " T h e Neale Publ i sh ing Company possesses a rare reputation for its standard series of works on A m e r i c a n history."—Toronto Mail and Empire.

T h e Fac t s of R e c o n s t r u c t i o n . B y J o h n R . L y n c h , co lo red ; fo rmer ly M e m b e r of C o n ­gress; later F o u r t h A u d i t o r of the T r e a s ­u ry ; at present M a j o r in U n i t e d States A r m y . F o u r t h thousand. $1.65 by m a i l .

T h e N e g r o R a c e s : Second V o l u m e of the Series, C o n t a i n i n g a F u l l A c c o u n t of the Slave T r a d e . B y Je rome D o w d , w h i t e ; P rofessor of S o c i o l o g y and E c o n o m i c s , U n i ­vers i ty of O k l a h o m a . T h e pr ice of each vo lume of the series is $2.50 net; by m a i l , $2.65. H a i t i : H e r H i s t o r y and H e r De t r ac to r s . B y J . N . L e g e r , co lo r ed ; fo rmer ly M i n i s t e r f rom H a i t i to the U n i t e d States. I l lus t ra ted . T w o edi t ions; one in E n g l i s h and the other in F r e n c h . E a c h edi t ion $3.20 by ma i l .

T h e M o n r o e D o c t r i n e i n I ts R e l a t i o n to the Repub l i c of H a i t i . B y W i l l i a m A . MacCorkle, L L . D . , wh i t e ; author of " T h e W h i t e Su lphur Spr ings , " publ i shed by this house, and other books . $1.00 by ma i l .

N e g r o Ta les . B y Joseph S. Cot ter , co lo red ; P r i n c i p a l o f one of the largest schools for Negroes in the South . S o m e t h i n g new in l i terature. $1.00 by ma i l . T h e P o l i t i c a l H i s t o r y of S l ave ry i n the U n i t e d States. B y the late James Z . George, wh i t e ; f o r m e r l y Chief Jus t ice of the Supreme Cour t o f M i s s i s s i p p i ; later U n i t e d State;. Senator . In t roduc t ion by J o h n Bassct t M o o r e , P ro fes so r of In terna­t iona l L a w and D i p l o m a c y , C o l u m b i a U n i ­vers i ty . E d i t e d by W i l l i a m H a y n e L e a v e l l , U n i t e d States M i n i s t e r to Guatemala , w h o supplies a sketch o f Senator George . A comprehens ive survey o f the po l i t i c a l his­to ry of s lavery in this country . $3.25 by ma i l .

R a c i a l Ad jus tmen t s i n the M e t h o d i s t E p i s ­copal C h u r c h . B y John H . Reed, D . D . , K . C , co lo red ; w i th an in t roduc t ion by A d n a B . L e o n a r d , D . D . , L L . D . $1.60 by ma i l . T h e Seed T h a t W a s S o w n i n the C o l o n y of Geo rg i a . B y Char les S p a u l d i n g W y l l y , whi te . " N o o re , " says the K n o x v i l l e Sen t i ­nel, "has bettet unders tood the ins t i tu t ion of slavery, its miss ion , and its defects," than C o l o n e l W y l l y . $ 1 . 3 5 by ma i l .

R a c e A d j u s t m e n t : E s s a y s o n the N e g r o i n A m e r i c a . B y K e l l y M i l l e r , co lo r ed ; Dean of the Col lege of A r t s and Sciences and P ro fes so r of Ma thema t i c s , H o w a r d U n i v e r ­sity. T h i r d thousand. $2.15 by ma i l . Dean M i l l e r ' s latest book, " O u t of the H o u s e of Bondage ," w h i c h is also pub l i shed by this company , has already reached a large sale. $1.65 by ma i l .

The Black Man's Burden. B y W i l l i a m H . H o l t z c l a w , c o l o r e d ; P r i n c i p a l of the U t i c a N o r m a l and Indus t r i a l Ins t i tu te for the T r a i n i n g of C o l o r e d Y o u n g M e n and Y o u n g Women , Ut i ca , Miss iss ippi . W i t h an intro­duc t ion by the late B o o k e r T . W a s h i n g t o n . I l lus t ra ted . Third thousand. $1.60 by ma i l .

Chief Characteristics of the Southern Negro. B y E . H . Rand le , A . M . , L I - D . , w h i t e ; D r . Rand le discusses the changes wrough t in the N e g r o charac ter by the con­di t ions of his f reedom, the spec ia l i zed edu­cat ion that the N e g r o requires , the N e g r o as a wage earner, his soc ia l quali t ies , the effect of the elect ive franchise, and m a n y other matters. $1.00 by m a i l .

The Key; or, a Tangible Solution of the Negro Problem. B y James S. S temons , c o l ­o red ; F i e l d Secre ta ry of the J o i n t O r g a n ­iza t ion of the A s s o c i a t i o n for E q u a l i z i n g Indus t r i a l Oppor tun i t i e s and the L e a g u e of C i v i c and P o l i t i c a l R e f o r m . $1.00 by m a i l .

Race Orthodoxy in the South. B y T h o m a s Pearce Ba i l ey , w h i t e ; f o r m e r l y P r o f e s s o r in the U n i v e r s i t i e s of Ca l i f o rn i a , C h i c a g o , and M i s s i s s i p p i , and n o w a P ro fe s so r i n the U n i v e r s i t y of the Sou th . $2.15 b y m a i l .

Redder Blood. B y W i l l i a m M . A s h b y , c o l ­ored. One of the few novels of the N e g r o I33' a N e g r o to be pub l i shed in this coun t ry . M r . A s h b y is a Y a l e man. $1.00 by m a i l .

The Voice of Mizriam. B y J o h n W a l t e r Pa is ley , co lored . T h i s vo lume of poems, by a teacher of l i terature, deserves a place in the r ap id ly inc reas ing l i b r a r y of A m e r i c a n Negro poets, to which Dunbar , Corrothers , Braithwaite, and others have made valuable addi t ions in recent years. $1.25 by m a i l .

My Ogowe. B y R o b e r t H a m i l l N a s s a u , M . D . , S . T . D . , w h i t e ; for for ty-f ive years a resident of A f r i c a ; pioneer and e x p l o r e r ; scientist and man of letters. T h e w o r k of a l i fe t ime; 700 octavo pages of text w i t h 50 full-page i l lus t ra t ions . $3.25 by m a i l . D r . Nassau 's book ent i t led " I n an E l e p h a n t C o r r a l " is also pub l i shed by this house. $1.00 by m a i l .

T h e N e w N e g r o ; H i s P o l i t i c a l , C i v i l , and M e n t a l Status. B y W i l l i a m P i c k e n s , L i t . D . , co lo red ; D e a n of M o r g a n Co l l ege , B a l t i ­more. D r . P i c k e n s was graduated f rom Y a l e in the highest grade of his class and won the P h i Beta K a p p a K e y and the T e n E y c k O r a t i o n . A l t h o u g h a y o u n g man , he has w o n d i s t inc t ion as a scho la r ; he is easily among the foremost men of his race. $1.60 by ma i l .

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S A M U E L C O L E R I D G E - T A Y L O R : Musician HIS LIFE AND LETTERS By W. C. Sayers

ILLUSTRATED

SA M U E L C O L E R I D G E - T A Y L O R , the first composer of classic music to come f rom the co lo red races, was born in L o n d o n forty years ago. H i s genius asserted itself at the early age of six when, as one of his admirers

describes it, he was found " h o l d i n g a very smal l - s ized v i o l i n in one band, and playing at marbles wi th the other." The real discovery was, however, made b y bis guardian, friend, and benefactor, Colonel Herbert, of the Queen's Regiment. A t thir teen, he was a b r i l l i an t solo v io l in i s t . E n t e r i n g the R o y a l Col lege of M u s i c in 1890, three years later, he w o n an open scholarsh ip for compos i t i on . H i s progress was m a r k e d by such l andmarks as " H i a w a t h a ' s W e d d i n g beast," k n o w n the w o r l d over, " H e r o d , " " U l y s s e s , " " N e r o , " "Faus t , " " E n d y m i o n ' s D r e a m , " " A T a l e of O l d Japan," " O t h e l l o . " The tribute we pay to the darker races of the world who have produced artists, thinkers, and composers is notorious by its absence. P roud of his race, it was indeed characteristic of the sturdy, honest nature of Coler idge-Taylor that be never sought to keep in the background his Negro origin, but, on the contrary, was t h o r o u g h l y p roud of it and of his o w n pos i t ion . O f the fascinat ion the tale of his life holds for a biographer, it is needless to speak. M r . Berwick Sayers has brought to his l o v i n g task an enthusiasm w h i c h makes of his vo lume cha rming reading. A l f r e d N o v es, in the poem entitled "Samuel Coleridge- Tay lo r , " wr i t e s :

T h e spark that falls from heaven, not oft on earth, T o human hearts its vital splendor gives;

H i s was the simple, true, immortal b ir th! Scholars compose; but

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4S T H E C R I S I S A D V E R T I S E R

A t l a n t a U n i v e r s i t y S t u d i e s of t h e

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A T L A N T A UNIVERSITY C O N F E R E N C E A T L A N T A UNIVERSITY :: A T L A N T A , G A .

The Curse of Race Prejudice By James F. Morton, Jr., A . M.

_ A n aggressive exposure by an Anglo-Saxon cham­pion of equal rights. Start l ing facts and crushing arguments. Fasc inat ing reading. A necessity for clear understanding and up-to-date propaganda. Be­longs in the l ibrary of every fr iend of social justice. Pr ice 25 cents. S e n d order to

J A M E S F. M O R T O N , JR.

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: G L E A N I N G S F R O M D I X I E - L A N D " T e n poems by

EFFIE T . BATTLE, A . M . " M r B . Battle has an individual gift of melody."

—Springf ie ld Republ ican. " Y o u owe it to your race to publish your poems in

book f o r m . " — E d i t o r , Southwestern Chris t ian A d v o ­cate.

"Verses are smooth, graceful, high-minded and clear, reverent to all truth, appreciative of all beauty and true inspiration."—George W . Cable.

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O u r F a c e Powders are m a d e in nny shade or weight to sui t any complex ion a n d cond i t i on of the face; conta in no po ison­ous Ingredients; have a feathery l ightness; adhere to the skin when no other w i l l ; tone the complex ion to the highest, point of beauty. Samples o n request. Respons ib le agents wanted.

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One of the Great Figures in Negro History

" T h e a b o l i t i o n o f s l a v e r y ; p a r t i c i p a t i o n i n the g o v e r n m e n t u p o n

t e r m s a n d u n d e r c o n d i t i o n s a p p l i c a b l e a l i k e to e v e r y o t h e r c lass o f

c i t i z e n s ; e q u a l i t y b e f o r e the l a w ; r e s i s t a n c e to e v e r y f o r m o f

e n c r o a c h m e n t u p o n the r i g h t s o f b l a c k m e n ; the e d u c a t i o n o f

N e g r o c h i l d r e n ; the r i g h t to be let a l o n e ; the i n i q u i t y o f p u b l i c

i n s u l t : s u c h w a s the p l a t f o r m o f t h i s N e g r o p r o p h e t w h o w a s b o r n

a w h o l e c e n t u r y b e f o r e A p p o m a t t o x . "

T h e c h a r a c t e r a n d w o r k o f th i s g rea t m a n h a v e been a d m i r a b l y set f o r t h

m a n e w b o o k o f v i t a l in te res t to M a s o n s a n d l a y m e n .

T h e b o o k is

"Prince Hall and His Followers" T h e a u t h o r is

George W . Crawford, 33° G r a n d M a s t e r of C o n n e c t i c u t

Price One Dollar. Postage Extra.

O R D E R N O W A G E N T S W A N T E D

T H E C R I S I S 70 Fifth Avenue :: :: New Y o r k

Ment ion T H E C R I S I S

The Horizon Guild i n conjunction with a committee of citizens announces the presentation of

Illustrating the history of religious faith in the Negro race and commemorating the 100th anniversary of the meeting

of the General Conference of the African Methodist Episcopal Church

In the City of Philadelphia

May 16, 18 and 20, 1916 One Thousand Actors Fifty-three M u s i c a l Numbers Scenery and Costumes

W . E . B U R G H A R D T D U B O I S , M a s t e r of the Pageant , 70 F i f t h A v e n u e , N e w Y o r k C i t y .

T h i s p a g e a n t , w h i c h h a s a l r e a d y b e e n g i v e n i n N e w Y o r k C i t y a n d W a s h i n g t o n , D . C , w i l l be r e p e a t e d i n B o s t o n , B a l t i m o r e , a n d o t h e r c i t i e s S o u t h a n d W e s t

M e n t i o n T H E C R I S I S