Federalism. Defining Federalism The Constitutional Basis of Federalism.
The Criminal Justice System Goals Federalism System perspective Characteristics Operations Flow of...
-
Upload
ezequiel-hutchison -
Category
Documents
-
view
227 -
download
2
Transcript of The Criminal Justice System Goals Federalism System perspective Characteristics Operations Flow of...
![Page 1: The Criminal Justice System Goals Federalism System perspective Characteristics Operations Flow of decision making Crime and Justice in a Multicultural.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022020217/55181db755034691678b4766/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
The Criminal Justice System• Goals
• Federalism
• System perspective
• Characteristics
• Operations
• Flow of decision making
• Crime and Justice in a Multicultural Society
![Page 2: The Criminal Justice System Goals Federalism System perspective Characteristics Operations Flow of decision making Crime and Justice in a Multicultural.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022020217/55181db755034691678b4766/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
DoingDoingJusticeJustice
ControllingControllingCrimeCrime
PreventingPreventingCrimeCrime
Goals of the Criminal Justice System
![Page 3: The Criminal Justice System Goals Federalism System perspective Characteristics Operations Flow of decision making Crime and Justice in a Multicultural.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022020217/55181db755034691678b4766/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Doing Justice• Accountability for
offenses• Protect rights• Equality under the law• Discretion
![Page 4: The Criminal Justice System Goals Federalism System perspective Characteristics Operations Flow of decision making Crime and Justice in a Multicultural.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022020217/55181db755034691678b4766/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Controlling Crime• Apprehension• Prosecution• Punishment• Within the bounds of
the law
![Page 5: The Criminal Justice System Goals Federalism System perspective Characteristics Operations Flow of decision making Crime and Justice in a Multicultural.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022020217/55181db755034691678b4766/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Preventing Crime• Police presence• Punishment as
deterrent • Problems with citizen
invoked crime prevention
![Page 6: The Criminal Justice System Goals Federalism System perspective Characteristics Operations Flow of decision making Crime and Justice in a Multicultural.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022020217/55181db755034691678b4766/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
A system of governmentA system of governmentin which power is dividedin which power is dividedbetween a central (national)between a central (national)government and regionalgovernment and regional(state) governments.(state) governments.
Federalism
![Page 7: The Criminal Justice System Goals Federalism System perspective Characteristics Operations Flow of decision making Crime and Justice in a Multicultural.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022020217/55181db755034691678b4766/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
• State systems handle alleged violations of state law.
• The federal system handles alleged violations of federal law.
Dual Justice Systems
![Page 8: The Criminal Justice System Goals Federalism System perspective Characteristics Operations Flow of decision making Crime and Justice in a Multicultural.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022020217/55181db755034691678b4766/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Federal State and Local Comparisons I
![Page 9: The Criminal Justice System Goals Federalism System perspective Characteristics Operations Flow of decision making Crime and Justice in a Multicultural.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022020217/55181db755034691678b4766/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Federal State and Local Comparisons II
![Page 10: The Criminal Justice System Goals Federalism System perspective Characteristics Operations Flow of decision making Crime and Justice in a Multicultural.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022020217/55181db755034691678b4766/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Criminal Justice as a System
![Page 11: The Criminal Justice System Goals Federalism System perspective Characteristics Operations Flow of decision making Crime and Justice in a Multicultural.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022020217/55181db755034691678b4766/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
System Perspective• Interdependent
subsystems• Exchange
relationships• Example: plea
bargains
![Page 12: The Criminal Justice System Goals Federalism System perspective Characteristics Operations Flow of decision making Crime and Justice in a Multicultural.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022020217/55181db755034691678b4766/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Characteristics of the Criminal Justice System
• Discretion
• Resource Dependence
• Sequential Tasks
• Filtering
![Page 13: The Criminal Justice System Goals Federalism System perspective Characteristics Operations Flow of decision making Crime and Justice in a Multicultural.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022020217/55181db755034691678b4766/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Discretion
Arrest or let go?
Long or short sentence?
Prosecute or dismiss?
![Page 14: The Criminal Justice System Goals Federalism System perspective Characteristics Operations Flow of decision making Crime and Justice in a Multicultural.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022020217/55181db755034691678b4766/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Resource Dependence• Politicians
• Public
• Media
![Page 15: The Criminal Justice System Goals Federalism System perspective Characteristics Operations Flow of decision making Crime and Justice in a Multicultural.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022020217/55181db755034691678b4766/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Sequential Tasks
![Page 16: The Criminal Justice System Goals Federalism System perspective Characteristics Operations Flow of decision making Crime and Justice in a Multicultural.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022020217/55181db755034691678b4766/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Criminal JusticeCriminal JusticeFunnelFunnel
Of 1,000crimes that are
committed
Only5 juveniles and18 adults areincarcerated
![Page 17: The Criminal Justice System Goals Federalism System perspective Characteristics Operations Flow of decision making Crime and Justice in a Multicultural.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022020217/55181db755034691678b4766/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
![Page 18: The Criminal Justice System Goals Federalism System perspective Characteristics Operations Flow of decision making Crime and Justice in a Multicultural.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022020217/55181db755034691678b4766/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Police C ourts C orrections
The C rim ina l Justice System
Operations of Criminal
Justice Agencies
![Page 19: The Criminal Justice System Goals Federalism System perspective Characteristics Operations Flow of decision making Crime and Justice in a Multicultural.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022020217/55181db755034691678b4766/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
POLICE• Keep the peace
• Combat crime
• Prevent crime
• Provide social services
![Page 20: The Criminal Justice System Goals Federalism System perspective Characteristics Operations Flow of decision making Crime and Justice in a Multicultural.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022020217/55181db755034691678b4766/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
COURTS• Dual Court System
• US and State
• Variance among states
• Adjudication
• Sentencing
![Page 21: The Criminal Justice System Goals Federalism System perspective Characteristics Operations Flow of decision making Crime and Justice in a Multicultural.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022020217/55181db755034691678b4766/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
CORRECTIONS• Only about 1/3 incarcerated
• Community supervision
• Federal, State, and local
• Privatization trend
![Page 22: The Criminal Justice System Goals Federalism System perspective Characteristics Operations Flow of decision making Crime and Justice in a Multicultural.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022020217/55181db755034691678b4766/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Flow of Decision Making in the Criminal Justice System
• Steps in the Decision Making Process
• The Criminal Justice Wedding Cake
• Crime Control versus Due Process
![Page 23: The Criminal Justice System Goals Federalism System perspective Characteristics Operations Flow of decision making Crime and Justice in a Multicultural.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022020217/55181db755034691678b4766/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
![Page 24: The Criminal Justice System Goals Federalism System perspective Characteristics Operations Flow of decision making Crime and Justice in a Multicultural.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022020217/55181db755034691678b4766/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Criminal Justice Wedding Cake: Layer 1
Criminal Justice Wedding Cake: Layer 1
• Celebrated perpetrators
• Celebrated victims• Type the media loves• Cases that make
Supreme Court precedents
11
![Page 25: The Criminal Justice System Goals Federalism System perspective Characteristics Operations Flow of decision making Crime and Justice in a Multicultural.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022020217/55181db755034691678b4766/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
• Serious felonies by experienced offenders
• Violent crimes• Property crimes with
high $ value• Get full attention of
the CJ system
22
Criminal Justice Wedding Cake: Layer 2
Criminal Justice Wedding Cake: Layer 2
![Page 26: The Criminal Justice System Goals Federalism System perspective Characteristics Operations Flow of decision making Crime and Justice in a Multicultural.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022020217/55181db755034691678b4766/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
• First time offender less serious offenses which may be felonies
• Less serious personal injury or low $ value
• Dealt with less seriously, maybe probation
33
Criminal Justice Wedding Cake: Layer 3
Criminal Justice Wedding Cake: Layer 3
![Page 27: The Criminal Justice System Goals Federalism System perspective Characteristics Operations Flow of decision making Crime and Justice in a Multicultural.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022020217/55181db755034691678b4766/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
• Most misdemeanors
• Handled in assembly-line fashion
• Typical penalty is a small fine
• Having to go to court may be the “real” punishment
44
Criminal Justice Wedding Cake: Layer 4
Criminal Justice Wedding Cake: Layer 4
![Page 28: The Criminal Justice System Goals Federalism System perspective Characteristics Operations Flow of decision making Crime and Justice in a Multicultural.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022020217/55181db755034691678b4766/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Competing Models
![Page 29: The Criminal Justice System Goals Federalism System perspective Characteristics Operations Flow of decision making Crime and Justice in a Multicultural.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022020217/55181db755034691678b4766/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Racial Disparities in CJ System
Potential Explanations
![Page 30: The Criminal Justice System Goals Federalism System perspective Characteristics Operations Flow of decision making Crime and Justice in a Multicultural.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022020217/55181db755034691678b4766/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Explanations for Incarceration Rates for Blacks and Whites
• Black Incarceration (DV)
• Arrest rates
• Poverty
• Unemployment
• Executive Party (R)
• Legislature (%R)
• Black Politicians %
• State Courts (Liberal)
• Citizen opinion
• Sentencing Guidelines
• Prison Capacity Litigation
• White Incarceration (DV)
• Arrest rates
• Poverty
• Unemployment
• Executive Party (R)
• Legislature (%R)
• Black Politicians %
• State Courts (Liberal)
• Citizen opinion
• Sentencing Guidelines
• Prison Capacity Litigation
![Page 31: The Criminal Justice System Goals Federalism System perspective Characteristics Operations Flow of decision making Crime and Justice in a Multicultural.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022020217/55181db755034691678b4766/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Incarceration Rates By Race
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95
Year
Sta
te P
riso
ner
s p
er 1
00,0
00 p
op
ula
tio
n
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Bla
ck R
ate
/ W
hit
e R
ate
Black Rate / White Rate
Black Imprisonment Rate
White Imprisonment Rate
![Page 32: The Criminal Justice System Goals Federalism System perspective Characteristics Operations Flow of decision making Crime and Justice in a Multicultural.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022020217/55181db755034691678b4766/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Effect of Partisanship on Black Incarceration Conditioned on Black State Population
-4-2
02
46
Eff
ect
of
Re
pu
b L
eg
isla
ture
0 5 10 15 20% of State Population that is Black
![Page 33: The Criminal Justice System Goals Federalism System perspective Characteristics Operations Flow of decision making Crime and Justice in a Multicultural.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022020217/55181db755034691678b4766/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Quick Quiz to Test Attention• 1) ___ is the authority to make decisions by using one’s own judgment and
conscience which provides the basis for individualization and informality in the administration of justice.
• Discretion
• 2) ___ is a document charging an individual with a specific crime prepared by a prosecuting attorney and presented to a court at a preliminary hearing.
• Information
• 3) ___ is a characteristic of the criminal justice system that leads criminal justice officials to be responsive to elected officials and legislative bodies.
• Resource dependence
• 4) ___ consists of separate judicial structures for states and for the national government.
• Dual court system
• 5) ___ is a characteristic of the organization of law enforcement and other criminal justice agencies in the United States.
• Decentralization