The Crime Scene
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Transcript of The Crime Scene
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The Crime The Crime SceneScene
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Police On The Scene, You Know What I Mean?
• When a 911 emergency phone call is made: - the dispatcher sends cops to the crime scene. - the initial police officers make sure that the perpetrator is either apprehended or no longer at the scene. - they secure the scene and call in the forensic investigators.
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Securing the Scene
• Nothing can be changed at the crime scene. Police tape must surround the entire area.
• Only authorized personnel may enter the scene. They must be extremely careful when handling anything.
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The Legalities
• Securing the scene is a matter of safety and legality.
• If a defense attorney can determine that evidence was tampered with during the crime scene investigation, a guilty man may be set free.
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Recording the Scene
• The Crime Scene must be secured and protected.
• Ways to record a crime scene:- draw a sketch of the area. - take pictures and videotape everything in its untouched state. - take notes.
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Sketching the Scene
• The first stage is the rough sketch. It is the initial drawing made by the forensic sketcher at the scene. It is a rough outline with rough measurements of the scene.
• Later on, the forensic artist takes the rough sketch and converts it to a smooth sketch. This sketch accurately represents the crime scene to scale.
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REQUIRED ELEMENTS
• Address of Crime• Date• Time• Type of crime• Name of officer making the sketch• Legend
– Each item identified in the sketch– A key to name each item in the sketch
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ROUGH SKETCH
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Measurement Requirements
• All measurements of a moveable object must be from a fixed object.
• Make measurements from two points• Indicate north in the drawing.• Objects drawn do not have to be to scale.
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A FULLY COMPLETED SKETCH
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A Picture Says 1000 Words• The forensic
photographer must record every single aspect of the crime scene at every necessary angle.
• NOTHING MAY BE LEFT OUT!
• It is crucial to record a bodies position in accordance with everything in the scene.
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Taking Notes• ALL aspects of the scene
must be recorded. A detailed description of the scene as well as all the physical evidence is necessary.
• Time, by whom, and how all the evidence listed was packaged and shipped must be noted.
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Looking for Clues
• Physical evidence is most important at a crime scene. There are many different methods of searching for ALL of the physical evidence at the crime scene. The methods are: the spiral search method, the grid method, the strip method, and the zone search.
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The Spiral Search
• The Spiral Search method is good for circular rooms. It consists of starting on the outskirts of a locale and then slowly spiraling inwards until the middle of the locale is reached.
• It can also be conducted from the inside out.
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“Gridding the Scene”
• During a grid search, investigators search an area by walking first horizontally across a locale, and then crossing back over vertically. This creates the “grid” shape that gives this method its name.
• This type of search is extremely useful in rectangular, or square-like areas.
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“Stripping the Scene”
• In a “strip” search for evidence, several investigators walk across the scene in a straight line, very slowly. This allows them to cover everything in the scene all at once.
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To Your Zones!
• The “zone” search is conducted by breaking up a locale into several areas. These areas are then assigned to teams of investigators for inspection. This method allows for the different teams to focus more carefully on there designated area.
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You have your evidence,NOW WHAT?
• What do you do with all the evidence?
• After recording it, the evidence must be packaged for analysis at the lab.
• Different types of evidence requires different types of packaging.
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Every LITTLE thing counts…
• Trace evidence such as hairs and fibers can provide extremely important clues linking an individual to a crime scene.
• This evidence may be placed in pill bottles, vials, or manila envelopes.
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The Bloody Truth• Often at crime scenes, there
will be bloodstained evidence which must be treated with great care.
• Bloody evidence must NOT be stored in a container without air. – Why do you think?
• Wrapping paper, sealed manila envelopes, and paper bags are good for storing these bloody clues.
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Collect the Drugs
• Drugs often lead to crime, and may be a key factor in figuring out what happened at a crime scene.
• If a liquid drug is found inside of its container, it must be labeled and placed in a heat-sealed plastic bag.
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More Drugs
• Often the drugs are solid or powder in form.
• These drugs should be placed in plastic bags and sealed with tape to ensure that no drugs are lost during shipment to the lab.
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The Chain of Custody
• During and after the collection of the evidence, the chain of custody must be kept intact.
• Everything that has already been mentioned must be done properly. If any evidence is recorded or collected improperly, it will be thrown out in court.
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The Chain Continues…
• It is better that fewer people handle the evidence.
• Each time the possession of evidence changes, it must be properly documented and recorded.
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Evidence to Check Your Evidence
• Controls must be collected so that the people in the lab can test evidence to make sure that it truly came from where they think it did.
• Examples of controls would be a blood sample taken directly from the victims body, or the removal of paint directly from a car that was in a crash.
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Submission Time• Once you have collected your
evidence, your control evidence, and maintained the chain of custody, you can submit the evidence to the lab.
• Shipping the evidence is as fragile a process as collecting it. If any damage occurs during shipment, the evidence will be considered tampered with and thrown out in law.
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It Is Out Of Your Hands• There are two main ways of
submitting evidence. - The most secure way is by
hand. Directly bringing it from the crime scene and to the lab technician -The next most popular way is by mail. Sometimes testing facilities are not nearby and evidence must be shipped away for testing.
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CONGRATULATIONS!!!!!
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Sources1. Saferstein, Richard. Criminalistics. 7th ed. Upper Saddle River, New
Jersey: Prentice Hall, 2001.2. "Forensic Science: Scene of Crime." Forensic Science. 04 Apr. 2008
<http://library.thinkquest.org/04oct/00206/scene_of_crime.htm>.3. "Evidence Collection in Crime Scene Investigations." Crime Scene
Investigation. 03 Apr. 2008 <http://www.crime-scene-investigator.net/csi-collection.html>.
4. "Crime Scene Response Guidelines." 03 Apr. 2008 <http://www.crime-scene-investigator.net/respon4.html>.
5. "Collection and Preservation of Evidence." 02 Apr. 2008 <http://www.crime-scene-investigator.net/evidenc3.html>.