The Crime of Hersey What:

Why:

When:

Example:

Crime Definition Example

The crime of being unemployed, wandering from place to place in search of a job – blamed for many other crimes

Betraying your country, plotting to assassinate/kill the monarch

The crime of following and practicing a different religion to the ruling monarch and country – which at the time was illegal – you were dubbed a heretic

Mary I

The Crime of Vagrancy What:

Why:

When:

Example:

The Crime of TreasonWhat:

Why:

When:

Example:

Describe how unemployment led to crime in the sixteenth century. (4)

• Give this a mark out of 4

• In the 16th century unemployment led to a variety of crimes. This was a time of change, with unemployment on the rise, as people began roaming from town to town in such of work, the crime of Vagrancy developed, where it was illegal to be homeless and jobless, depending on the charity of the local parish. It was considered very bad to be unemployed as it went against Christian morals and people were considered idle. If people were unemployed they wouldn’t have enough money to live, which could result in them turning to crime to survive, such as theft & muggings.

Describe how religious changes led to crime in the sixteenth century. (4)

• Give this answer a mark out of 4

• Religious changes led to crime in the 16th century. People wanted to follow their own religion, but the king or queen didn’t want them to. So they did anyway, but that annoyed the king or queen. People who did this got burned at the stake. The religion kept changing in the Tudor times as the kings and queens believed in different religions so it confused people

• How could this answer be improved? • Write your improved answer below

Smuggling • What was smuggling?

• Why was smuggling a crime?

• What goods were smuggled in?

• Who were excise men?

• Why were lots of people involved in smuggling?

• What were the consequences of smuggling?

What products were smuggled into the country?

What was the smuggling process1

Highway Robbery • What were stagecoaches?

• What was Highway Robbery?

• What caused it? Why was it such a problem?

• What happened to Highway robbers?

• What is the Myth about Highway men?

Industrial Revolution changes

• What was the Industrial Revolution?

• Why did people move to the cities?

• What were these cities like?

• What crime arose during this time?

Complete the following paragraph

• The ______ rioters were a group of ______ labourers mainly in the south of England. They were angry because food prices were getting increasingly higher and the newly invented threshing _______ were causing bosses to __________ the workers _______ or were putting the labourers completely out of _____. In response many labourers led by the fictional _________ ________ attacked ______, setting ______ around the villages. They were the most harshly punishment of all ________ groups as ___ were executed, ______ were transported and other punishment included _________, ________ and ______ .

• Word Box

Houses fines decreaseFarm Swing wages Whipping prison 19Work machines 648Protest fire Captain Swing

Choose the correct sentence to complete each of the following statements

• The Luddites were a group of textile mill workers who were angry because

a) The farming machines they worked on took over their jobs so they burned down houses and machines

b) New textile machinery was invented which replaced many of their jobs or decreased their wages, so they destroyed many machines and killed some mill owners

c) They couldn’t go on toll roads without having to pay a lot of money which was making them ever poorer so they destroyed them on several occasions

Event Order

The government sent 800 soldiers and 70 police officers to Newport to calm the riots

The leaders organised more attacks against the toll roads and committed arson (burned hayricks)

Leaders were arrested

Locals and farmers were very poor – they were angry the tolls on the roads they used to transport their produce and stocks were constantly increasing

The gang went and attacked the toll gates

A gang of farm labourers dressed as woman and gave themselves the fictional name of Rebecca and her daughters after a bible story

Put the events of the Rebecca Riots into the correct order

• Looking at the following statements decide which terrorist groups/movements they represent

• Al Qaeda – (AQ)• Irish Republican Army (IRA)• Middle Eastern Troubles (ME)• Definition of terrorism (DT)

Crime focus: Hooliganism • "Hooliganism" is the term used broadly to describe disorderly, aggressive and often violent

behaviour perpetrated by spectators at sporting events. In the UK, hooliganism is almost exclusively confined to football

• Always existed in the sports history but become a more serious problem since the 1960’s• In the 1980’s was linked to English football supports after numerous incidents particularly

aboard – where there were violent assaults including murders • Not as serious a problem now – some violence between rival clubs/gangs – arranged through

mobiles or social networking sites. The worst cases are usually linked to international games. • Other countries more so than England now have problems with Football Hooliganism • An example: Heysel disaster of 1985, in which a "charge" by Liverpool fans at rival Juventus

supporters caused a wall to collapse, resulting in 39 deaths. English teams were banned from European club competitions until 1990, and during this time, substantial efforts were made by the police to bring the problem under control.

• Many laws have been passed in an attempt to control the growth of Hooliganism • In April 2000, Christopher Loftus and Kevin Speight, two Leeds United supporters, were

stabbed to death in Istanbul ahead of a UEFA Cup semi-final, in what the coroner's inquest described as "an organised ambush" by Turkish fans

Hooliganism Questions

• What is Hooliganism?

• What causes it?

• Why is it a crime?

• Give some examples?

Name each of the Punishments and give reasons why it was used

• A)

• B)

• C)

• D)

• E)

• F)

Mary Queen of Scots• Mary, Queen of Scots, was born in 1542 and was executed on 1587• Mary was Elizabeth I's cousin. • Mary had been brought up as a strict Catholic which put her at odds with the Protestant

Elizabeth. • Became queen when she was only one • Raised at the French court, and was married at 15. Her husband the French prince died a year

later. She returned to Scotland, re-married – very turbulent relationship, they had a son, later became James I of England. Her husband was found strangled in there ruins of their house, which was set on fire

• She married again to the Earl of Bothwell – who many believed killed her husband • She was arrested by Scottish Nobles but escaped to England hoping her cousin would help her• She didn’t she imprisoned her in many different house throughout England for the next 19 years • Elizabeth wanted to maintain religious stability • Mary was an obvious replacement for Catholics who did not want Elizabeth to be queen• Elizabeth I was reluctant to sign Mary's death warrant but she had no option when it was clear

Mary had committed treasons against her by taking part in the Babington Plot • On 8 February 1587, Mary, Queen of Scots was executed at Fotheringhay Castle. • She wore a blood red bodice, symbolising Catholic martyrdom.• James VI of Scotland had Fotheringhay destroyed after he became King of England. He united

the two nations and had Mary and Elizabeth buried side by side in Westminster Abbey.

John Penry• 1563 – 1593• Welsh• Brought up a Roman Catholic • Son of a wealthy farmer• Attended Cambridge university and then Oxford, came into contact with

protestant ideas and influences• Known in Wales for his skills as a preacher , being known as ’Telyn Cymru’ (the

Welsh Harp)• Wanted the church to be improved, even petitioned the queen (Elizabeth I) • Arrest by the archbishop • Got involved in printing information about the church – this was viewed by

many as treason • He had to continue to move around to avoid arrest • Continued to denounce to church and openly spoke about it • 1592/93 – arrested, and despite swearing allegiance to the queen and the

country was sentenced to death and executed on 29 March 1593• Influence at the time quite limited• Considered by historians as the first welsh protestant preacher

Choose between the following questions to answer – use the info to

help you. • Describe the execution of Mary Queen of Scot• Describe the execution of John Penry • Describe the Marian Persecutions

What was the Bloody Code?

• Why was there a Bloody Code in England and Wales?

• How many crimes were punishable by death at the height of the code?

• Give a few examples

• Was it called the Bloody Code the time?

House of correction Debtors’ Prisons

Bridewells

Prisons in the 16th and 17th centuries

Punishment focus: Transportation• What was Transportation?

• When was it introduced?

• Why was it introduced?

• Where were people transported and for what crimes?

• What were Hulks?

• What was it like on arrival? What was like life for the convicts?

• What were the consequences of Transportation?

• Why did it end?

End of the Bloody Code• Decide if these statements are true of false • The Bloody Code was the unofficial name for the punishments system in England and Wales used

before the 1800’s• It was when there were not many crimes punishable by death• In 1823 the criminal code was reform with the changing of laws, in particular the Gaol Act • It was thought by many including judges that the laws were too harsh so they believed reform of

the Bloody Code was needed• At the time there were over 500 crimes punishable by death• Some of the crimes punishable by death now seem very extreme and unfair• In 1968 the law was changed which banned public executions, but some crimes were still

punishable by death but not in the public eye• Public executions were clearly not working, and in-fact were causing more crimes – people were

getting drunk and causing trouble in big crowds.• By the 1830s’ the number of crimes punishable by death were drastically reduce to just murder

and treason. • Humiliation was still used – even now people get put in pillory's in towns. • Fines became more common • Whipping wasn’t used a punishment on its own but was it prisons.