The Creation of the Roman Republic

Cultural Diffusion

• Greeks– Alphabet– Hired Greeks to educate their children– government

Cultural Diffusion

• Etruscans (borrowed from Greeks)– Gods and goddesses– Engineering techniques

Rome’s Republic form of government

• People rule

• Senate had 300 patricians (landholding upper class)– Served for life

Rome’s Republic form of government

• 2 consuls who supervised the business of govt and commanded the armies

• Dictator controlled govt while in war

• Plebeians (everybody else) elected tribunes (later consuls)– Tribunes could veto laws

• Checks on govt

• Twelve Tables-written law code

Conquering the Italian Peninsula

• Used legion and skilled diplomacy to conquer the Etruscans and Greeks

How did the Romans treat conquered people?

• Read p. 158 (new book)

How did the Romans treat conquered people?

• 1st group- full citizens

• 2nd group- all rights of citizenship except couldn’t vote

• 3rd group-allies of Rome

How did the Romans treat conquered people?

• Conquered people had to accept Roman leadership, pay taxes and supply soldiers

• In return, they were able to keep their own customs, money, and local govt.

• Most of them accepted the Latin lang. and adopted Roman customs and beliefs

How does this differ from Sparta and Athens?

ROMAN LEGION

The Roman Legion

The Roman Legion

• Loyalty, courage, and respect for authority

The Roman Legion

• Up to 5000 men

The Roman Legion

• Harsh punishments and rewards

The Roman Legion

• Fought w/o pay and had own weapons

BRONZE BREAST PLATE

SCALE MAIL

HELMET

SANDALS

GLADIUS

ROMAN SOLDIER

LEGIONAIRE FULLY ARMED

ROMAN CENTURIAN

SEIGE TOWER

CATAPAULT

HADRIAN’S WALL

How was the government of ancient Athens and ancient Rome similar and different?

Athens RomeSimilar

The make-up of the Athenian and Roman Government

• Direct Democracy– Council of 500 – Chosen by the people– Served for 2 terms– Male over 30 can be

members

• Republic– Senate- 300 members– Chosen by aristocracy– Served for life– 2 consuls– Dictator during war– Plebeians elected

tribunes

Similarities between Athenian and Roman Govt.

• Nobles had power

• Democracy– People rule

• Checks on govt

Unifying Italy

Unifying Italy

• Less rugged mts

• Valleys were not as isolated

• More fertile plains

Why did Greece develop their unique type of government?

Why did Rome develop their unique type of government?

How is the government of ancient Rome and the United States similar and different?

Rome United StatesSimilar

Predict what problems the Romans may have in the future based on

the way their society and government was formed.