The Counter Reformation 1530s-1648 The Catholic Church’s Response to the Protestant Reformation.
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Transcript of The Counter Reformation 1530s-1648 The Catholic Church’s Response to the Protestant Reformation.
The Counter ReformationThe Counter Reformation 1530s-1648 1530s-1648
The Catholic Church’s The Catholic Church’s Response Response
to the Protestant Reformationto the Protestant Reformation
Catholic Tactics1. Reform the Church from within
Council of Trent 2. Stop the Spread of Protestantism
(with water torture):
Ignatius of Loyola
Born of Spanish nobility, 1491
He was originally a knight.
In 1521, a cannonball shattered his leg.
Ignatius Loyola During his recovery, he
dedicated his life to the Church
Pilgrimage to Holy Land
Founded the Society of Jesus: Jesuits
(to right) Manresa, Chapel in the Cave of Saint Ignatius,
where Ignatius practiced asceticism
The Jesuits Founded by Ignatius
Loyola in 1540 Promoted education Missionary work
Cared for poor and sick Tried to convert people
in other lands Ingenious contraptions
Ignatius Loyola
Jesuit Inventions
What does this quote by Loyola mean?
“We should always […]
believe that that which
appears white is really black,
if […] the Church so decides.”
Reform Within the Church
The Council of Trent (1545-1563)
3 meetings to reform
and define church teaching Reforms:
Bishops must live where they serve Restricted the selling of indulgences Refocused the church on helping the
poor
Council of Trent
3 Meetings over 18 years
Council of Trent Teachings of Protestantism rejected:
Faith + good works = salvation Church traditions = to the Bible Pope is supreme leader Man has free will to choose or reject
God Nobody is predestined to heaven or H-E
double hockey sticks….
Do James and Paul contradict each other?
James 2:15-17
If a brother or sister is ill-clad and in lack of daily food, and
one of you says to them, "Go in peace,
be warmed and filled," without
giving them the things needed for
the body, what does it profit? So
faith by itself, if it has no works, is
dead.
Ephesians 2:8-9
For by grace you have been saved through faith; and this is not your own doing, it is the gift of God—not because of works, lest any man should boast.
James’ “good works” are caring for the poor and sick
Paul’s “works” were rituals of Judaism, like eating only kosher food or making sacrifices
Stopping the Spread of Protestantism
Index (List) of Banned Books Created in 1559 by Pope
to prevent heresy Banned Protestant books Banned books List:
http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/mod/indexlibrorum.asp
Stopping the Spread of ProtestantismThe Inquisition often used the Auto-da-fe: “Act of Faith”, a public trial that was usually followed by torture or execution
Was the Counter-
Reformation a success?
The Church did not win back man
who had converted to
Protestantism…
…but it began to lose its reputation for corruption, and Catholicism spread
widely through missionary work.
Titian’s portrait of Pope Paul III
Europe in 1555
Based on the divisions on the preceding map, can you predict what will happen in Europe
next?
Members of different churches do battle