THE CONVENTION ON INTERNATIONAL TRADE IN ENDANGERED ...€¦ · Endangered Species of Wild Fauna...
Transcript of THE CONVENTION ON INTERNATIONAL TRADE IN ENDANGERED ...€¦ · Endangered Species of Wild Fauna...
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THE CONVENTION ON INTERNATIONAL TRADE IN ENDANGERED
SPECIES OF WILD FAUNA AND FLORA
ICC (EAST LONDON)
09 MARCH 2018
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OUTLINE
• What is CITES?
• Why CITES – Purpose?
• What species does CITES cover?
• How does CITES work?
• Who does what?
• Rural communities involvement
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WHAT IS CITES• CITES is an acronym for the Convention on International Trade in
Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora
• Entered into force on 1 July 1975; ZA date of entry (15/07/1975); ZA
entry into force (13/10/1975). Implementation through CITES
Regulations (2010), currently being amended
• There are 183 countries which are Parties to CITES around the world
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WHAT IS CITES (…CONT.)
A multilateral agreement that operates through
an intergovernmental process
Combines wildlife and trade themes within a
legally binding instrument
Achieving conservation and sustainable use
objectives
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CITES TRADE (ECONOMIC)
Construction & fittings
Leather & fashion
Pharmaceuticals Pets
Cosmetics
Food Collections
Tourism
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THE PURPOSE OF CITES
• To ensure that international trade in wild
specimens of animals and plants does not
threaten their survival in the wild by
encouraging sustainable exploitation of the
various species
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PURPOSE OF CITES (…CONT.)
• It aims to conserve biodiversity and contribute to its
sustainable use by ensuring that no species of wild
fauna or flora becomes or remains subject to
unsustainable exploitation through international
trade
• It is not for or against trade in wildlife. It is a
Convention that regulates trade with the aim ofpreventing the extinction of species due to trade
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How CITES Works
• Trade in over 35,000 species* regulated by CITES
• 3 Appendices establishing different levels of protection
Appendix I (3%)
International
commercial trade is
prohibited
Appendix II + III (97%)
International commercial
trade is allowed but
controlled
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How CITES Works (…Cont.)
Ensure that wild fauna and flora in international
trade are not exploited unsustainably by ensuring:
Legality Sustainability Traceability
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CITES PERMITS
There are four types of CITES
documents:
– Export permits
– Import permits
– Re-export certificates
– Other certificates
Personal and household effects
Pre-Convention specimens
Captive-bred or artificially propagated
specimens
Scientific exchange
Travelling exhibitions
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CITES BASIC PROVISIONS
The text of the Convention outlines the basic
provisions for trade and obligations of each Party,
including:
• Trade procedures and
requirements
• Enforcement measures
• Exemptions and special
procedures
• Marking of specimens• Confiscations
• Reporting
• Trade with non-Parties
• Amendment of the Appendices
• Reservations
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PENALTIES
A person who contravenes the CITES Regulations is guilty
of the offence and shall be liable on conviction to—
a) a fine not exceeding R5m or imprisonment for a period not
exceeding 5 years, and in the case of a second or
subsequent conviction, to a fine not exceeding R10m or
imprisonment for a period not exceeding 10 years; or
b) in both instances referred to in paragraph (a), both such fine
or imprisonment; or
c) in the case of repeated offenders, a fine or imprisonment or
both a fine and imprisonment as referred to in (a) above and
being banned from applying for a permit to trade in CITES
listed species again.
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