The Cone of Experience

“The cone is a visual analogy, and like all analogies, it does not bear an exact and detailed relationship to the complex elements it represents.” - Edgar Dale

Cone of experience- is a visual model, a pictorial device that presents bands of experience arranged according to degree of abstraction and not degree of difficulty.

The Cone of Experiences

•Direct Purposeful Experiences•Contrived Experiences•Dramatized Experiences•Demonstrations•Study Trips•Exhibits•Educational Televisions•Motion Pictures•Recordings, Radio, Still Pictures•Visual Symbols•Verbal Symbols

Verbal SymbolsVisual

Symbols

Recordings, Radio, Still Pictures

Motion Pictures

Educational Television

Exhibits

Study Trips

Demonstrations

Dramatized Experiences

Contrived Experiences

Direct Purposeful Experience

Figure 3. The Cone Of Experiences

Direct purposeful experiences- these are first hand experiences which serve as the foundation of our learning. In the teaching learning process, it is

learning by doing.

Contrived experiences- In here, we make use of a representative models or mock-ups of reality.

Dramatized experiences- By dramatization, we can participate in a reconstructed experience, even though the original event is far removed from us in time.

Demonstrations- It is a visualized explanation of an important fact, idea, process by the use of photographs, drawing, films, displays, or guided motion.

Study Trips- these are excursions, educational trips, and visits conducted to observe an event that is unavailable within the classroom.

Exhibits- these are displays to be seen by expectators.

Television and motion pictures- television and motion pictures can reconstruct the reality of the past so effectively that we are made to feel we are there.

Still pictures, Recordings, Radio- these are visual and auditory devices which may be used by an individual or a group.

Visual symbols- these are no longer realistic reproduction of physical things for these are highly abstract representations

Verbal symbols- they are not like the objects or ideas for which they stand. They usually do not contain visual clues to their meaning. Written words fall under this category. It may be a word for a concrete object (book), an idea (freedom of speech), a scientific

principle (the principle of balance), a formula (e=mc²)

Thank You for Listening !!!

God Bless!