Overseas EmpiresOverseas EmpiresAKS 39bAKS 39b

Bienvenidos a Espana!Bienvenidos a Espana!

December 10December 10thth, 1492, 1492

AKS 39bAKS 39b

What were the roles of explorers and What were the roles of explorers and conquistadors?conquistadors?

VI.VI. England England

A.A. JamestownJamestown: first : first permanent settlementpermanent settlement

B.B. PilgrimsPilgrims1.1. founded second English founded second English

colony in colony in PlymouthPlymouth, , MassachusettsMassachusetts

2.2. PuritansPuritans: deeply religious : deeply religious people who didn’t agree with people who didn’t agree with practices of Church of practices of Church of EnglandEngland

VIII.VIII. French & Indian War French & Indian War (Seven Years’ War)(Seven Years’ War)

A.A. War for control of War for control of North AmericaNorth America

B.B. English and French clashed over English and French clashed over Ohio Valley in 1754Ohio Valley in 1754

C.C. FranceFrance forced to give up all land in forced to give up all land in North America to North America to EnglandEngland in 1763 in 1763

IX.IX. The Netherlands The Netherlands

A.A. Dutch settlers began colonies in Dutch settlers began colonies in modern New York City and called it modern New York City and called it New Netherland.New Netherland.

B.B. Traded furTraded fur

X.X. Portugal: More interested in Portugal: More interested in tradetrade than colonization (Africa & Asia)than colonization (Africa & Asia)

XI.XI. Spain Spain

A.A. ConquistadorsConquistadors: “Conquerors” came to : “Conquerors” came to spread God & wealthspread God & wealth

B.B. Hernán CortésHernán Cortés: Mexico & Aztec riches : Mexico & Aztec riches (1519)(1519)

C.C. Francisco PizarroFrancisco Pizarro: Peru & Inca Empire : Peru & Inca Empire (1532)(1532)

D.D. Empire spread through N. & S. America Empire spread through N. & S. America and West Indiesand West Indies

E.E. European European diseasesdiseases killed Natives; killed Natives; AfricanAfrican slaves replaced them slaves replaced them

XII.XII. Atlantic Slave Trade: Atlantic Slave Trade: buying and selling of Africans buying and selling of Africans for for workwork in the Americas in the Americas A.A. TriangularTriangular trade trade

1.1. MiddleMiddle Passage: Passage: a.a. Long voyage from Long voyage from AfricaAfrica to America to Americab.b. Often very Often very harshharsh and cruel and cruelc.c. People crammed into ships, beaten, and given little People crammed into ships, beaten, and given little

food.food.d.d. 2020% of the people on these ships died% of the people on these ships died

Europe

Africa

Americas

Europeans sailed to Africa to trade manufactured goods for

people.

The Middle Passage: Africans were carried across the Atlantic to

the Americas to be sold into slavery.

Traders brought back sugar, coffee, and tobacco to Europe.

Welcome to 1400 Welcome to 1400 America!!!America!!!

• Take an index card.Take an index card.

• List down ALL major ingredients in List down ALL major ingredients in the dish/food item you brought to the dish/food item you brought to share.share.

• Take out your classwork assignments Take out your classwork assignments from yesterday (#1-14 on FE review; from yesterday (#1-14 on FE review; 1 outline for PFE review)1 outline for PFE review)

New Rules for 7New Rules for 7thth Period Period1.1. Be in your seats when the bell rings. Be in your seats when the bell rings. 2.2. Have Have ALLALL materials ready when the bell rings materials ready when the bell rings

(pencils sharpened, paper, etc). (pencils sharpened, paper, etc). 3.3. Stay in your seats unless you have permission to Stay in your seats unless you have permission to

leave your seat.leave your seat.4.4. Raise your hand if you wish to speak or have a Raise your hand if you wish to speak or have a

question—question—EVEN IFEVEN IF you just want to ask a neighbor you just want to ask a neighbor something. something.

5.5. Use all the time you’re given in class to complete Use all the time you’re given in class to complete assignments. assignments.

Failure to comply to these rules Failure to comply to these rules THE FIRST TIMETHE FIRST TIME will will result in an automatic morning teacher detention.result in an automatic morning teacher detention.

Since it is week 16 and we STILL can’t behave Since it is week 16 and we STILL can’t behave appropriately when we have a sub, we will practice appropriately when we have a sub, we will practice

substitute behavior for THE REST OF THE SEMESTER. substitute behavior for THE REST OF THE SEMESTER.

The Columbian The Columbian ExchangeExchange

What was the Columbian What was the Columbian Exchange and what was its Exchange and what was its global economic and culture global economic and culture

impact? impact?

After you read…After you read…

• At the end of your notes, do an At the end of your notes, do an analysis (break down the food items analysis (break down the food items and speculate their origins) of and speculate their origins) of – A) what you had for lunch.A) what you had for lunch.– B) what favorite food you brought.B) what favorite food you brought.

• Could you have enjoyed it here in the Could you have enjoyed it here in the “New World” if not for the Columbian “New World” if not for the Columbian Exchange? Why/Why not?Exchange? Why/Why not?

What I Had for LunchWhat I Had for Lunch

• PastaPasta– Tomato sauceTomato sauce– Noodles (made from wheat flour)Noodles (made from wheat flour)– Ricotta CheeseRicotta Cheese

• ApplesauceApplesauce• CookieCookie

– FlourFlour– SugarSugar– peppermintpeppermint

The Columbian ExchangeThe Columbian Exchange

A.A. It was a global It was a global transfertransfer of foods, of foods, plants, and animals during the plants, and animals during the colonization of the colonization of the AmericasAmericas

1.1. Corn and potatoes Corn and potatoes Europe, Asia, Africa Europe, Asia, Africa

2.2. Bananas, black-eyed peas, yams Bananas, black-eyed peas, yams AmericasAmericas

3.3. Cattle, pigs, horses Cattle, pigs, horses Americas Americas

4.4. Diseases Diseases Americas & Europe Americas & Europe

B.B. Global TradeGlobal Trade1.1. settling of Americas and growth of trade settling of Americas and growth of trade

started an started an economiceconomic revolution revolution2.2. revolution led to revolution led to capitalismcapitalism: based on : based on

privateprivate ownership of property and right of ownership of property and right of a business to earn a a business to earn a profitprofit on money it on money it has investedhas invested

3.3. revolution also led to revolution also led to joint-stock joint-stock companiescompanies: investors combine their : investors combine their moneymoney to start a to start a businessbusiness and and shareshare in in the profitsthe profits

C.C. Growth of MercantilismGrowth of Mercantilism1.1. European governments followed the idea European governments followed the idea

of of mercantilismmercantilism, which says that a , which says that a country’s country’s powerpower depended on its depended on its wealthwealth (getting more gold and silver increased (getting more gold and silver increased wealth)wealth)

2.2. Selling more than buying (Selling more than buying (exportingexporting more more than than importingimporting) = a favorable balance of ) = a favorable balance of tradetrade

3.3. Colonies helped to provide goods that Colonies helped to provide goods that could be sold in tradecould be sold in trade