The Cold War The communist threat

1945-1990

An Iron Curtain Falls Having seen what political and

economic instability could do, the was determined to

take an role in rebuilding.

Having seen what political and economic instability could do, the United States was determined to take an active role in rebuilding Europe.

Chopping Up Germany Who were the three major allied

leaders of WWII? Winston Churchill Joseph Stalin Franklin Roosevelt

Chopping Up Germany West Germany and West Berlin were

occupied by who? American, French, and British armed

forces. East Germany and East Berlin were

occupied by who? The Soviet Union

Rebuilding Europe:The Marshall Plan

. proposed a plan to provide massive financial aid to help rebuild and stop the spread of .

George C. Marshall proposed a plan to provide massive financial aid to help rebuild European economies and stop the spread of communism.

Dividing Berlin In June 1948 Stalin came up with a plan

to starve West Berlin by doing what? Blocking Western Allies’ rail lines and

roads. Why would he do this? To force the people of West Berlin to use

Soviet supplies.

Communism What is it? Government owns everything. A single political party or a dictator

makes the decisions. Everyone makes the same amount of

money. Dr.’s might only make a little more than a street cleaner.

Capitalism What is capitalism? Businesses are privately owned. If you work hard and get a good

education you can make a lot of money.

JUST LIKE THE U.S.A. !!!!

A Wall Rises The people of West Germany embraced

and resumed . The people of West Germany embraced

democracy and resumed self-government.

Eastern Germany remained under the control of who?

The Soviet Union

Japan’s New Path Following the bombings of Hiroshima

and Nagasaki, who occupied Japan? American armed forces.

A Democratic Japan Japan adopted what type of government? A democratic government. Soon Japan began to themselves

and became a ally of the U.S. Soon Japan began to self-govern

themselves and became a strong ally of the U.S.

A Changing Society After years of making do with old/used

items Americans wanted what? They wanted new items, many of

which were unavailable during the war/depression.

We go from war production to consumer production.

Women and Work What happened to all of the women workers

once the men came home from WWII? They went back to be home makers. By the

1960’s many came back to work, even though they did not receive equal pay for equal work.

Join a Union,Get a Raise

Many labor unions came out of the new deal, how did they help American workers?

They helped workers get better pay and new benefits.

Buy Now, Pay Later The credit card was created for what? To let Americans buy restaurant meals on

credit. Later they were used for gas, clothes, electronics, etc.

What is a Cold War? Cold War: The state of tension without actual

fighting between the United States and the Soviet Union, which divided the world into two camps.

One side championed Democracy and one who believed in Communism.

Democracy vs. Dictatorship What differences are there between the

United States and the Soviet Union? United States- democratic and capitalist Soviet Union- dictatorial and communist

As the Threat Spread The Soviet Union controlled most of

what? Eastern Europe- Eastern Germany,

Poland, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Romania, and Bulgaria.

What is a “puppet government”? In this case governments that did what

Soviet leaders told them to do.

A New Policy President Truman adopted a policy of

what? Policy of containment- which called for

the use of military support, financial aid, and diplomatic pressure to slow the spread of Communism.

Domino Effect What is the Domino Effect? The fear that if one country falls to

communism, they all fall.

A New Pact: NATO NATO- North Atlantic Treaty Organization A pact between ten Western European

countries, Canada, and the United States

Warsaw Pact In response the Soviets made the

Warsaw Pact which included who? Eight Eastern European countries.

Korea: 1950-1953 Why did President Truman send troops

to Korea? Because the North Korean attack was

aggressive and it should be resisted.

Korea: 1950-1953 How did the conflict end? It ended in a stalemate. The line remained

almost exactly were it had been in June 1950.

The Cuban Missile Crisis What is Cuba’s tie to the Soviet Union? Fidel Castro started a communist revolution

and overthrew the Cuban government.

The Cuban Missile Crisis How did the U.S. respond to the

missile threat? Kennedy ordered a naval “quarantine”

or U.S. Naval blockade of Cuba to stop any supplies from going in or out.

What did the Soviets do in response to the blockade?

After 13 days the Soviets dismantled the missiles.

The Vietnam War: 1950-1973 Why did America send troops to the

Vietnam War? To stop the “domino” of Vietnam

falling to Communism. How did Americans respond to the

Vietnam War? Many Americans were divided over

whether we should be involved.

The Vietnam War: 1950-1973 In what year did the U.S. withdraw from

Vietnam? In 1973 because of the Paris Peace

Accords.

Vietnam Divides Our Nation Why were Americans divided about

the Vietnam War? We had been fighting for so long that

no one was even sure who or what we were fighting for.

“doves”-for peace “hawks”- for war

Protests in the Soviet Union What did the breaking free of independent

countries do to the Soviet Union? It started the collapse of the Soviet Union.

Empty Shelves and Long Lines What three reforms did Gorbachev

suggest? “openness”- freedom of speech “restructuring”- a new economic system Bringing democracy to the Russians in

open elections.

A Changing Map of Europe The Soviet Union broke into what? Several independent nations- Russian

Federation, Lithuania, and Ukraine.

Cold War No More The symbol of division between the Soviet

Union and the rest of the world was what? The Berlin Wall- November 9, 1989 30 years after the wall had been put up.